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利福昔明预防旅行者腹泻:一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照试验

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2005年第9期1卷 2-3页

作者： DuPont H.L. Okhuysen P.C. 刘丽娜 MC 1-164 6720 Bertner Avenue Houston TX 77030 United States Dr.

Background: Travelersdiarrhea causes substantial morbidity and postinfectiou s irritable bowel syndrome. Objective: To evaluate nonabsorbable rifaximin for p revention of travelersdiarrhea. Design: Randomized, doubleblind, placeboco ntrolled clinical trial. Setting:Guadalajara, Me xico. Participants: U.S. students. Intervention: On arrival in Guadalajara, Me xico, 210 U.S. adults received rifaximin (200 mg/d, 200 mg twice daily, or 200 m g 3 times daily) or placebo for 2 weeks. Measurements: Participants were followe d daily for 3 weeks for enteric disease and symptoms and daily for 5 weeks for d rug side effects. Changes in intestinal coliform flora were studied. Results: Tr avelersdiarrhea developed in 14.74%of participants taking rifaximin and 53.70 %of those taking placebo (rate ratio, 0.27 [95%CI, 0.17 to 0.43]). Rifaximin p rovided 72%and 77%protection against travelersdiarrhea and antibiotictreat ed travelersdiarrhea, respectively (Pdrome.

关键词：利福昔明旅行者安慰剂对照肠易激综合征大肠埃希杆菌属瓜达拉哈拉美国成人侵袭性美国大学生轻度腹泻

钴掺杂Sr1.5La0.5MnO4的合成及高温电化学性能研究

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无机化学学报 2016年第10期32卷 1730-1738页

作者：范宇航孙丽萍霍丽华赵辉 Jean-Marc Bassat Aline Rougier Sebastien Fourcade Jean-Claude Grenier 黑龙江大学化学化工与材料学院功能无机材料化学教育部重点实验室哈尔滨150080 CNRS Universite de Bordeaux ICMCB 87 avenue du Dr. A. Schweitzer F-33608 Pessac-Cedex France

采用EDTA-柠檬酸法合成了中温固体氧化物燃料电池阴极材料Sr_(1.5)La_(0.5)Mn_(1-x)Co_xO_4(SLMCOx),并利用粉末X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)以及电化学交流阻抗谱(EIS)进行表征。结果表明,该材料与Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95(CGO)在1 200℃烧结12 h不发生化学反应。随着Co掺入量的增加,氧化物中Mn^(3+)和Co^(2+)含量增多,晶格氧含量降低,晶格畸变率增大。交流阻抗谱(EIS)测试结果显示,钴的掺杂明显降低电极的极化电阻,其中Sr_(1.5)La_(0.5)Mn_(0.7)Co_(0.3)O_4阴极在700℃空气中的极化电阻为0.62Ω·cm^2,明显小于Sr_(1.5)La_(0.5)MnO_4阴极在750℃的极化电阻(1.5Ω·cm^2),表明钴掺杂的Sr_(1.5)La_(0.5)Mn_(1-x)CoxO_4是一种潜在的IT-SOFC阴极材料。

关键词：中温固体氧化物燃料电池阴极材料

Outcome of assisted reproductive technology in met with treated and untreated varicocele, systematic review and meta-analysis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第2期18卷 254-258,J0006页

作者： Sandro C Esteves Matheus Roque Ashok Agarwal ANdrOFERT Center for Male Reproduction Av. Dr. Heitor Penteado 1464 Campinas SP 13075-460 Brazil ORIGEN Center for Reproductive Medicine Riode Janeiro Av. Rodoifo de Amoedo 140 Rio de Janeiro RJ 22620-330 Brazil American Center for Reproductive Medicine 10681 Carnegie Avenue X-11Cleveland OH 44195 USA.

Varicocele affects approximately 35%-40% of men presenting for an infertility evaluation. There is fair evidence indicating that surgical repair of clinical varicocele improves semen parameters, decreases seminal oxidative stress and sperm DNA fragmentation, and increases the chances of natural conception. However, it is unclear whether performing varicocelectomy in men with clinical varicocele prior to assisted reproductive technology （ART） improve treatment outcomes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of varicocelectomy on ART pregnancy outcomes in nonazoospermic infertile men with clinical varicocele. An electronic search was performed to collect all evidence that fitted our eligibility criteria using the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases until April 2015. Four retrospective studies were included, all of which involved intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI）, and accounted for 870 cycles （438 subjected to ICSI with prior varicocelectomy, and 432 without prior varicocelectomy）. There was a significant increase in the clinical pregnancy rates （OR = 1.59, 95% CI. 1.19-2.12, 12 = 25%） and live birth rates （OR = 2.17, 95% CI： 1,55-3.06, I^2 = 0%） in the varicocelectomy group compared to the group subjected to ICSI without previous varicocelectomy. Our results indicate that performing varicocelectomy in patients with clinical varicocele prior to ICSI is associated with improved pregnancy outcomes.

关键词： assisted reproductive techniques meta-analysis pregnancy outcome systematic review varicocele varicocelectomy

Determination of the Radial Distribution of Attenuation in Single-Mode Optical Fibers

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光学学报 2003年第S1期23卷 51-52页

作者： S. Girard I.Trenteseaux Y. Ouerdane J-P Meunier A. Boukenter J-L. Derep L.Thonnérieux University Jean Monnet Laboratoire TSI UMR CNRS 551623 rue du Dr Paul Michelon 42023 Saint-Etienne France SAGEM S.A. 72 - 74 rue de la Tour Billy 95101 Argenteuil France Centre Technique d'Arcueil (DGA/DCE/CTA) 16 bis avenue du Prieur de la C6te d'Or 94114 Arcueil France

A new method to determine the radial distribution of attenuation in single-mode optical fibers is proposed. As an example, radiation-induced losses in gamma-irradiated germanosilicate fibers are characterized at 633 nm.

关键词： optical fibers new method

分娩时有妊娠期高尿酸血症的先兆子痫患者早孕期的尿酸浓度

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2006年第4期2卷 10-11页

作者： Powers R.W. Bodnar L.M. Ness R.B. 李奎 Magee-Womens Research Institute 204 Craft Avenue Pittsburgh PA 15213 United States Dr.

Objective: We investigated changes in serum uric acid across pregnancy in women with gestational hyperuricemia at delivery, with and without preeclampsia, compared with normal pregnant and women with preeclampsia without gestational hyperuricemia. Study design: This was a nested case-control study of 116 controls, 27 women with preeclampsia with predelivery hyperuricemia, 37 women with preeclampsia without predelivery hyperuricemia, and 35 women with gestational hypertension with hyperuricemia at delivery but without proteinuria. Serum uric acid and creatinine was measured across pregnancy. Results: Women with predelivery hyperuricemia,with andwithout preeclampsia, had increased uric acid concentrations across pregnancy compared with controls, after 25 weeks’gestation compared with women with preeclampsia without predelivery hyperuricemia. Adjusting for differences in glomerular filtration by serum creatinine accounted for part but not all of the increase in serum uric acid among women with preeclampsia and predelivery hyperuricemia. Conclusions: Among women with hyperuricemia at delivery, elevations in uric acid occur early. Multiple mechanisms may contribute to increased uric acid including changes in renal function.

关键词：早孕期高尿酸血症尿酸浓度先兆子痫血清尿酸肾小球滤过率产时肌酐水平病例对照研究肾功能

胎儿气管闭塞法治疗重症先天性膈疝的随机试验

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第3期1卷 58-59页

作者： Keller R.L. Hawgood S. Neuhaus J.M. 阿明 dr.UCSF Box 0748 533 Parnassus Avenue San Francisco CA 94143 United States

先天性膈疝(CDH)是仅次于肺发育不良和呼吸衰竭的高死亡风险因素之一。在实验动物中,幼胎气管闭塞(TO)法可促进动物肺的生长及形态学成熟。作者对采用胎儿TO方法治疗重症CDH进行了随机实验,对纳入本研究的20例儿童的肺功能指标进行检测... 详细信息

先天性膈疝(CDH)是仅次于肺发育不良和呼吸衰竭的高死亡风险因素之一。在实验动物中,幼胎气管闭塞(TO)法可促进动物肺的生长及形态学成熟。作者对采用胎儿TO方法治疗重症CDH进行了随机实验,对纳入本研究的20例儿童的肺功能指标进行检测,[9例采用传统方法(对照组),11例采用TO方法]。假设TO 能够改善肺功能。在出生时,TO组的婴儿的平均胎龄较小(30.8±2.0周vs 37.4±1.0周,P=0.000 2)。所有婴儿需要辅助通气。两组间死亡率无差异TO组与对照组分别为64% vs 78%,P=0.64)。在以下4个时段对呼吸功能进行测定:①生后最初24 h;

关键词：先天性膈疝肺发育不良平均胎龄肺功能指标随机实验辅助通气实验动物呼吸衰竭呼吸功能随机试验

结肠假性梗阻患者主动钾分泌被激活:分泌型腹泻的一种新的发病机制

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2006年第4期2卷 22-23页

作者： Van Dinter Jr. T.G Fuerst F.C Richardson C.T. J.S. Fordtran 陈云茹 Baylor University Medical Center 3500 Gaston Avenue Dallas TX 75246 United StatesDr.

Background &Aims: Secretory diarrhea is caused by inhibition of intestinal active sodium absorption and stimulation of active chloride secretion. The resulting increase in fecal sodium salts causes an isotonic increase in fecal water output. Abnormalities in potassium transport are not known to be a cause of secretory diarrhea. The aim of our report is to describe a patient with secretory diarrhea that was mediated by excess intestinal secretion of potassium. Methods: A 78-yearold woman developed colonic pseudo-obstruction, complicated by severe dia rrhea and hypokalemia. Her stools were collected quantitatively on 11 occasions and analyzed for electrolyte concentrations. Rectosigmoid potential difference w as measured. Results: The diarrheal fluid had a very high potassium concentratio n (130-170 mEq/L) and a very low sodium concentration (4-15 mEq/L). Stool pota ssium losses were as high as 256 mEq/day (normal, 9 mEq/day), and fecal sodium l osses were never higher than 13 mEq/day. Potential difference between colonic lu men and a peripheral reference electrode was -14 mV (lumen side negative). Conc lusions: Fecal potassium salts were the exclusive driving force for severe secre tory diarrhea in a patient with colonic pseudo-obstruction. The high fecal outp ut of potassium was due to stimulation of active colonic potassium secretion, po ssibly because of changes in autonomic nervous system activity and distention of the colon in association with colonic pseudo-obstruction. The extremely low fe cal excretion of sodium indicates that active sodium absorption was not inhibite d. This case study reveals an ion transport mechanism of secretory diarrhea that has not been previously appreciated.

关键词：结肠假性梗阻发病机制分泌异常钾离子浓度直肠乙状结肠腹泻患者低钾血症排出物结肠扩张结

慢性迟发性芥子气性角膜炎:48例病例报道和文献回顾

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（眼科学分册） 2005年第11期1卷 49-50页

作者： JavadiM.-A. Yazdani S. SajjadiH. 张少娟 Labbafinejad Medi cal Center Boostan 9 Street Pasdaran Avenue Tehran 16666 Iran Dr.

Purpose: To report the clinical features of 93 eyes of 48 pa-tients with chro nic and delayed-onset mustard gas keratitis. Clinicopathologic correlation in 5 eyes and a review of related literature are presented. Design: Retrospective, n oncomparative case series. Participants: Forty-eight Iranian survivors of Iraqi chemical warfare with chronic or delayed-onset mustard gas keratitis. Methods: We reviewed the symptoms, clinical findings, course, and treatment of our patie nts and reviewed the literature. In 5 patients, histopathologic features of corn eal and conjunctival specimens were evaluated. Main Outcome Measures: Ocular fin dings, clinical course, treatment measures, and histopathologic studies. Results : Of 48 patients, 31 (64.6%) had chronic symptomatology, whereas 17 (35.4%)-e xperienced delayed-onset lesions. Visual acuity at referral ranged from hand mo tions to 20/20. Ocular surface changes included chronic blepharitis and decrease d tear meniscus in all patients, limbal ischemia (81.3%), and conjunctival vasc ular abnormalities (50%). Corneal signs in order of frequency were: scar or opa city (87.5%), neovascularization (70.8%), thinning (58.3%), lipoid deposits ( 52.1%), amyloid deposits (43.8%), and epithelial defects and irregularity (31. 3%). Many patients received conservative treatment; others underwent allograft stem cell transplantation (20 eyes of 17 patients), penetrating keratoplasty (12 eyes of 12 patients), and lamellar keratoplasty (4 eyes of 3 patients). Conjunc tival specimens were evaluated by light microscopy. Decreased goblet cell densit y, attenuated or thickened epithelium, scarring in the substantia propria associ ated with plasmacytic and lymphocytic infiltration, and dilated lymphatic vessel s were noted. Excised corneal buttons disclosed absence of epithelium and Bowman ’s layer, fibrovascular pannus, stromal scarring, and vascularization. Conclusi ons: Mustard gas causes chronic and delayed destructive lesions in the ocular su

关键词：文献回顾板层角膜移植术病例研究上皮缺损血管翳组织病理学慢性症状新生血管形成临床病理学脂质沉积

黑人妇女健康调查中自我报道子宫平滑肌瘤的年龄特异性发病率

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2005年第7期1卷 55-56页

作者： Wise L.A. Palmer J.R. Stewart E.A. Rosenberg L. 张丽娟 Slone Epidemiology Center Boston University 1010 Commonwealth Avenue Boston MA 02215 United States Dr

OBJECTIVE: Uterine leiomyomata represent a major public health problem for black women in the United States, but limited data are available on age- incidence curves in this high- risk population. We estimated overall and age- specific incidence rates for self- reported uterine leiomyomata in a large cohort of African- American women in the United States. METHODS: Data were derived from the Black Women’ s Health Study, an ongoing prospective cohort study of 59,000 black women from across the United States who were aged 21- 69 years at baseline (ie, 1995). From March 1997 through March 2001, we followed up 22,895 premenopausal women with no prior diagnosis of uterine leiomyoma. Poisson regression was used to estimate overall and age- specific incidence rates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for self- reported uterine leiomyoma. In a subset of 248 patients who were selected randomly from the total case group, the self- reported diagnosis was verified in 96% of cases who released their medical records. RESULTS: During 76,711 woman- years of follow- up, 2,637 incident cases of uterine leiomyomata reported as confirmed by pelvic examination (n = 358), ultrasonography (n = 2,006), or hysterectomy (n = 273) were observed. Incidence rates per 1,000 woman- years were 34.4 (95% CI 33.1- 35.7) for all cases combined, 29.7 (95% CI 28.5- 30.9) for cases confirmed by ultrasonography or hysterectomy, and 3.6 (95% CI 3.2- 4.0) for cases confirmed by hysterectomy. The incidence rate peaked at ages 40- 44 years for all cases combined (incidence rate 45.6, 95% CI 42.0- 49.5) and for cases confirmed by ultrasonography or hysterectomy (incidence rate 39.8,95% CI 36.5- 43.4), and peaked at ages 45- 49 years for cases confirmed by hysterectomy (incidence rate 8.3, 95% CI 6.4- 10.7). CONCLUSION: Overall incidence rates for self- reported uterine leiomyomata were consistent with other U.S studies in black women and confirmed a high burden of disease in this population. Age- specific incide

关键词：子宫平滑肌瘤黑人妇女特异性子宫切除术前瞻性队列研究盆腔检查公共健康问题总体发病率高危人群曲线关系