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Antifeedant Activity of Caesalpinia coriaria Essential Oil Against Incisitermes marginipennis (Latreille)

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental botany 2021年第3期90卷 907-920页

作者： Cesar B.Ramírez-López Rita Beltrán-Sánchez Alistair Hernández-Izquierdo JoséLuis Salvador-Hernández Eduardo Salcedo-Pérez Rosa E.del Río Mauro M.Martínez Pacheco Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de HidalgoMorelia58030Mexico Departamento de botánica y Zoología CUCBA Universidad de GuadalajaraNextipac45200Mexico

This study scrutinized the possibility of finding toxicant or deterrent plant metabolites against the dry wood termite Incisitermes marginipennis(Latreille).Plant deterrent agents act as repellents or antifeedants to prevent wood decay and increase its useful *** potential of the tree Caesalpinia coriaria(Fabaceae)as a biological source of molecules with deterrent effects against the dry wood termite was assessed by a phytochemical fractionation guided by repellence and antifeedant *** gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the leaf essential oil showed geraniol to be one of the major components and its repellent and antifeedant effects were *** had only an antifeedant effect without affecting the body weight or survival of the dry wood *** the leaf essential oil,geraniol did not exhibit a repellency *** in-silico approach of the activity of acetylcholinesterase in interaction with geraniol resulted in an affinity energy of−7.5 Kcal/*** interacted with the amino acid tyrosine 324 located in the enzyme’s active site while citronellol(negative control)interacted with tryptophan 83 located adjacent to the active *** deterring terpenes have not been implemented for the preservation and restoration of wood products exposed to the attack of the dry wood ***,they are an important natural control alternative.

关键词： Termite geraniol repellent antifeedant deterrent

Soil attributes structure plant assemblages across an Atlantic forest mosaic

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第4期11卷 613-622页

作者： Maria Fabíola Barros Bruno X.Pinho Tarciso Leão Marcelo Tabarelli Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal Departamento de BotânicaUniversidade Federal de PernambucoPE 50670-901Brazil Department of Forest Resources University of MinnesotaSt.PaulMN 55108USA

Aims Community assembly persists as a key topic in ecology due to the complex variation in the relative importance of assembly forces and mechanisms across spatio-temporal scales and *** we address a forest-savanna vegetation mosaic in the Brazilian Atlantic forest to examine the role played by soil attributes as determinants of community assembly and organiza-tion at a landscape spatial *** We examined soil and plant assemblage attributes across 23 plots of forest and savanna in a 1600 km2 landscape exposed to the same climatic conditions in the Atlantic forest region of northeast *** attributes included species richness,taxonomic and functional composition(community weighted mean,CWM)and functional diversity(quadratic diversity;Rao’s quadratic entropy index)relative to plant leaf area,specific leaf area,leaf dry matter content,thickness and *** Findings Our results suggest that forest and savanna patches exposed to the same climatic conditions clearly differ in terms of soil attributes,plant assemblage structure,taxonomic and functional *** selecting particular plant strategies relative to resource economy,soil potentially affects community structure,with forest assemblages bear-ing more acquisitive resource-use strategies,while conservative plant strategies are more frequent in ***,savanna-forest mosaics in the Atlantic forest region represent spatially organized plant assemblages in terms of taxonomic and functional features,with a sig-nal of trait convergence in both vegetation ***-mediated filter-ing thus emerges as a potential deterministic assembly force affecting the spatial organization of savanna-forest boundaries and mosaics.

关键词： community assembly habitat filtering plant functional traits savanna vegetation tropical forest

Growth,phenology and N-utilization by invasive populations of Gunnera tinctoria

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第5期13卷 589-600页

作者： Maurício Cruz Mantoani Alberto Benavent González Leopoldo García Sancho Bruce Arthur Osborne UCD School of Biology and Environmental Science and UCD Earth Institute University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4Ireland Departamento de Farmacología Farmacognosia y BotánicaFacultad de FarmaciaUniversidad Complutense de Madrid28040 MadridSpain

Aims Gunnera tinctoria is an unusual N-fixing plant species that has become invasive worldwide,generally in environments with a low evaporative demand and/or high *** the many mechanisms that may explain its success as an introduced species,a contrasting phenology could be important but this may depend on an ability to grow and utilize nutrients under sub-optimal *** examined whether *** has an advantage in terms of a contrasting phenology and N-fixing capability,in comparisons with Juncus effusus,the native species most impacted by *** *** We made phenological assessments on a weekly or bi-weekly basis on long-established populations on Achill Island,Ireland,during *** on leaf and inflorescence number,total leaf area,light interception and above-ground biomass were collected alongside measurements of soil temperature,moisture and oxidation-reduction *** significance of N-fixing ability for supporting seasonal growth was assessed usingδ15N isotopic assessments,together with in situ acetylene reduction *** Findings The timing of the initiation of growth of *** and *** varied between 2016 and 2017,with the earlier emergence and expansion of leaves of ***,and the largest above-ground biomass associated with higher water *** early growth of *** was dependent on preformed structures,with maximum canopy development occurring in late May,prior to that of *** N-fixation was observed in March,this made a more significant contribution to growth during the later stages of canopy *** onδ15N isotopic analyses,early growth was predominantly associated with N-remobilization from the rhizomes,whilst seedlings were largely reliant on *** emphasizes the importance of nutrient mobilization for early growth and shows that the importance of an N-fixing capability may vary developmentally,as well as during different

关键词： growth invasive species Gunnera tinctoria Juncus effusus nitrogen fixation

CYCLOPEPTIDE FROM THE SEEDS OF ANNONA GLABRA

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Chinese Chemical Letters 1995年第1期6卷 39-40页

作者： Chao Ming LI Ning Hua TAN Hui Lan ZHENG Xiao Jiang HAO Jun ZHOU Acad Sinica Kunming Inst Bot Lab Phytochem Kunming 650204 Peoples R China Acad Sinica Kunming Inst Bot Xishuangbanna Trop Bot Garden Mengla 666303 Peoples R China

A new cyclopeptide glabrin A has been isolated from the seeds of Annona glabra. Its structure was elucidated by 2D-NMR and FAB-MS.

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CRISPR/Cas9 editing of the polygalacturonase FaPG1 gene improves strawberry fruit firmness

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Horticulture Research 2023年第3期10卷 201-210页

作者： Gloria López-Casado Cristina Sánchez-Raya Pablo D.Ric-Varas Candelas Paniagua Rosario Blanco-Portales Juan Muñoz-Blanco Sara Pose Antonio J.Matas Jose A.Mercado Departamento de botánica y Fisiología Vegetal Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea‘La Mayora’(IHSM-UMA-CSIC)Universidad de Málaga29071 MálagaSpain Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular Universidad de Córdoba14071CórdobaSpain

Firmness is one of the most important fruit quality traits in *** postharvest shelf life of this soft fruit is highly limited by the loss of firmness,where cell wall disassembly plays an important *** studies demonstrated that the polygalacturonase FaPG1 has a key role in remodelling pectins during strawberry *** this study,FaPG1 knockout strawberry plants have been generated using the CRISPR/Cas9 system delivered via Agrobacterium *** independent lines,cv.“Chandler”,were obtained,and all of them were successfully edited as determined by PCR amplification and T7 endonuclease *** targeted mutagenesis insertion and deletion rates were analyzed using targeted deep *** percentage of edited sequences varied from 47%up to almost 100%,being higher than 95%for seven of the selected *** analyses showed that 7 out of the eight lines analyzed produced fruits significantly firmer than the control,ranging from 33 to 70%increase in *** was a positive relationship between the degree of FaPG1 editing and the rise in fruit *** changes were observed in other fruit quality traits,such as colour,soluble solids,titratable acidity or anthocyanin *** fruits showed a reduced softening rate during postharvest,displayed a reduced transpirational water loss,and were less damaged by botrytis cinerea *** analysis of four potential off-target sites revealed no mutation *** conclusion,editing the FaPG1 gene using the CRISPR/Cas9 system is an efficient method for improving strawberry fruit firmness and shelf life.

关键词： fir straw PG1

Ecological distribution and population structure of Litsea glaucescens(Lauraceae)in the ravines of Sierra Fría and Sierra Laurel,Central Mexico

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第7期19卷 1945-1960页

作者： Mara Irais FLORES-GALLEGOS Edmundo GARCIA-MOYA Angelica ROMERO-MANZANARES Mario LUNA-CAVAZOS Martin Alfonso MENDOZA-BRISENO Heike VIBRANS Posgrado en botánica Colegio de PostgraduadosCampus Montecillo.Km 36.5carretera México-TexcocoMontecilloTexcocoEdo.de México56230México Colegio de Postgraduados Campus Veracruz.Carretera Jalapa Veracruz Km 88.5Altamirano91690VeracruzMéxico

Litsea glaucescens Kunth(Mexican bay leaf,laurel)has a wide distribution in Mexico,growing at both riparian and rupicolous environments in the mountainous region of the Central Highlands of the *** Fría-Sierra Laurel is a protected natural area covered by a dry *** Mexican bay leaf is associated with the oak forest,especially on *** species has been considered at risk in recent *** research is focused on analyzing the elements of the environment of the ravines,which are influencing the distribution and establishment of laurel populations in the *** mountainous regions of Aguascalientes were selected,Sierra Fría and Sierra *** ravines of the basin were selected to obtain environmental *** registered were topographic,edaphic,and *** component analysis was used to identify ecological factors associated with the presence of *** bay leaf populations were registered in 10 *** the structural level in the community,29 woody species were registered,Mexican bay leaf had an Importance Value Index of 15.8,ranking 10th among all *** of laurel were classified by size classes(S,individuals with heights ranging from 0 to 20 cm;S,heights ranging from 0.2 to 1.0 m;S,heights between 1 and 2 m with light trace of flowering;S,heights greater than 2 m with flowering greater than 30% of the canopy;and S,individuals with heights greater than 5 m,curved trunk and basal regrowth)to obtain the population *** importance index value for all the species in the riparian community was calculated to the community *** factors that characterized the presence of Mexican bay leaf were a high percentage of rock coverage(90%),less mulch depth,and sandy loam shallow *** that showed higher cation exchange capacity had a higher presence of individuals of the S,S,and Ssize *** Sindividuals were found in shady places with 97% of intercepted *** o

关键词： Dry Forest Ephemeral stream Importance Value Index Mexican bay leaf Population structure Principal Component Analysis

Construction of plant seed-specific expression vectors pSCB and pSCAB and the obtainment of transgenic Brassica napus H165 expressing poly-3-hydroxybutyrate synthetic genes

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第13期45卷 1206-1211页

作者： Liang Ye Cong Li Yanru Song Chinese Acad Sci Inst Bot Beijing 100093 Peoples R China

The seed-specific promoter and transit peptide were amplified and fused to the three genes phbA, phbB and phbC encoding PHB synthetic enzymes, respectively. Seed-specific expression vectors pSCB containing phbC and phbB, and pSCAB containing phbC, phbB and phbA, were constructed by introducing the genes with promoter and peptide into the binary vector pBI101. Transgenic Brassica napus H165 were obtained by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation with these vectors. They were confirmed by PCR, Southern and RT-PCR analyses.

关键词： seed-specific expression vectors poly-β-hydroxybutyrate transgenic Brassica napus.

Patterns of climber distribution in temperate forests of the Americas

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2016年第6期9卷 724-733页

作者： Annik Schnitzler Javier Amigo Brack Hale Christophe Schnitzler Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux(LIEC) UMR 7360 Universitéde LorraineMetzFrance Laboratorio de botánica Facultad de FarmaciaUniversidad de Santiago de CompostelaA CoruñaSpain Franklin University Switzerland SorengoSwitzerland Facultédes Sciences du Sport UnistraUniversitéde StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance

Aims and Methods We propose a standard protocol at the landscape to continental scale for examining to what extent the range of ecological conditions found in temperate latitudes explains the variations in climber species richness and *** protocol was tested in forests of the two *** data set included 151 climber *** selected four categorical traits and grouped these species into six clusters with regard to these *** records of American forests were first gathered into alliances,second combined with bioclimatic indices(rainfall,temperature,continentality).We obtained a total of 59 vegetational units in which we calculated values of climber species richness and proportion of *** units were ultimately gathered into five forest formations(characterized by leaf longevity).Wetlands and uplands were considered *** Findings Our results emphasize clear trends in large-scale patterns of climber distribution,independently of *** species richness(in particular woody climbers)peaks in moist and warm upland forests with oceanic climates,and where conifers are *** flooded areas,climber richness is also very high and peaks in seasonally flooded large *** ecological conditions of frost,dryness or lack of nutrients,climber species richness,abundance and trait diversity decline,resulting in the dominance of small,twining and deciduous life traits.

关键词： American forest bioclimatic indices climber life traits standart protocol species richness

Sexual and Breeding Systems in a Xerophytic Shrubland

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Open Journal of Ecology 2022年第7期12卷 434-482页

作者： Nelson Ramírez Universidad Central de Venezuela Facultad de Ciencias Instituto de Biología Experimental Centro de Botánica Tropical Caracas Venezuela

Reproductive systems are fundamental attributes for understanding life cycle and regeneration processes and provide information about seed production and genetic diversity. Analyses of reproductive strategies within communities and their associations with functional groups can indicate how physical and biological characteristics may influence the reproductive ecology of such communities. The main goal was to determine if the reproductive systems and their associated functional groups have particular characteristics related to extreme conditions and disturbance within xerophytic shrubland. Floral morphology analysis and four experimental tests were conducted to determine the reproductive systems of species and their associations with the life form, succulence, carbon metabolism, dispersal syndrome, pollination, and disturbance. Of the 144 plant species studied, 72.9% were hermaphrodite, 22.9% were monoecious, and 4.2% were dioecious. Dioecy was associated with woodiness, frugivory and undisturbed areas, while monoecy was more common in herbs. Adichogamy, protandry and herkogamy were more frequent than dichogamy, protogyny and no herkogamy, respectively. Xenogamous species tend to be woody and grow in undisturbed areas, while partially xenogamous species were mainly herbs occurring in disturbed areas. The majority of species were partially self-incompatible. High levels of outbreeding strategies tended to occur mainly in woody K-strategy species from undisturbed areas, mixed breeding strategies occurred in disturbed areas and overall community, and inbreeding strategies were associated with mostly herbaceous r-strategy primarily in disturbed areas.

关键词： Dichogamy Dispersal Syndrome Disturbed Habitat Herkogamy Life Form Pollination System Specificity Reproductive System