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Effect of Zn, Cd and Cr on growth, water status and chlorophyll content of barley plants (<i>H. vulgare L.</i>)

Agricultural Sciences 2012年第4期3卷 572-581页

作者： águeda González Valerio Chumillas María del Carmen Lobo dpto. de investigación agroambiental CAM Apdo. 127 28800 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid) Spain

To evaluate the potential of barley for the phytoremediation of soils contaminated by metals, we conducted a growth chamber experiment with plants exposed to various concentrations of Zn, Cd and Cr. Growth parameters, chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence were measured at 15 and 29 days after treatment application, and the metal concentration in the aerial part of the plant, the root and the soil was also measured. In all cases, the amount of metal accumulated in the plant increased by increasing the concentration of the applied metal, and the roots accumulated more metal than did the aerial part of the plant. The amount of Cr found in the soil was significantly lower than that of Cd and Zn. The toxic effect of Zn and Cd on the plant was low, affecting growth only at the highest concentrations. For Zn and Cd at the concentrations used, the decrease in water content was 14% compared with the control and 26% for Cr. For plants treated with the highest metal concentrations, the most significant differences were found in chlorophyll content, which had the lowest values compared with the control (23% for Zn, and 42% for Cd and Cr), and in chlorophyll fluorescence (2% for Zn, 23% for Cd and 29% for Cr). These decreases occurred 29 days after applying the Zn and Cd treatments. In plants treated with Cr, the decrease occurred 15 days after treatment application. Under our experimental conditions, barley is more tolerant to Zn and Cd than to Cr.

关键词： Heavy Metal Growth Chlorophyll Fluorescence Chlorophyll Content Barley

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Response of coleoptiles to water deficit: growth, turgor maintenance and osmotic adjustment in barley plants (Hordeum vulgare L.)

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Agricultural Sciences 2011年第3期2卷 159-166页

作者： águeda González Luís Ayerbe Centro de Recursos Fitogenéticos Alcalá de Henares Spain departamento de investigación agroambiental CAM Apdo. 127 28800 Alcalá de Henares Spain

Cereal crop improvement programmes involve the analysis of a great number of lines every year;the availability of a simple, rapid method that would allow the identification of a trait in the early stages of plant development would facilitate the selection process. This work reports two experiments involving the germination of seeds in Petri dishes, performed to study the effect of water deficit on the growth of barley coleoptiles. In one experiment water stress was induced by allowing evaporation from the Petri dishes;in the other water stress was achieved by adding polyethylene glycol 6000. The growth of the control coleoptiles was greater than that of the treatment coleoptiles in all cases, but with differences between the different genotypes. A significant correlation (P nd between the relative growth of the coleoptiles and turgor maintenance in the seedlings. Significant correlations were also seen between the relative growth of the coleop-tiles and the osmotic adjustment of the flag leaf (P nd the grain weight (P n adult plants. The genotypes that showed the greatest relative growth also showed the greatest capacity for osmotic adjustment in the flag leaf and produced the greatest yields in experiments with adult plants. The results indicate that the growth of coleoptiles subjected to water deficit could be used as a selection criterion in breeding programmes designed to improve the tolerance of barley to drought.

关键词： Barley Drought Tolerance Water Potential Osmotic Potential Grain Yield

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European cooperation to tackle the legacies of hexachlorocyclohexane(HCH)and lindane

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Emerging Contaminants 2022年第1期8卷 97-112页

作者： John Vijgen Boudewijn Fokke Guido van de Coterlet Katja Amstaetter Javier Sancho Carlo Bensaïah Roland Weber International HCH and Pesticides Association(IHPA) Elmevej 14Holte2840Denmark TAUW Handelskade 37P.O.Box 1337400ACDeventerthe Netherlands CDM Smith Europe GmbH Germany SARGA Sociedad Aragonesa de Gestion AgroambientalAvenida Ranillas(ED A)5-3 PLT50018ZaragozaSpain POPs Environmental Consulting Lindenfirststr.2373527 Schw€abisch GmündGermany

Hexachlorocyclohexane(HCH)waste isomers from lindane production are the largest single POPs legacy,with an estimated 4.8 to 7.4 million tonnes of disposed *** largest part of this waste e 1.8 to 3 million tonnes e was disposed in Europe,where most producers were *** paper provides a short overview of projects supported by the European Union(EU)to address this waste legacy and to implement the Stockholm Convention for this group of POPs with associated protection of soil,ecosystems and human *** report here particularly on the results of a project financed by the EU called the“HCH in EU project”,which aimed to develop a systematic inventory of sites where HCH was handled and potentially resulted in *** compiled information provide guidance for competent authorities to further assess their national HCH inventory and to further develop a strategy to address this large POP legacy in *** systematic inventory revealed that there were at least 299 sites where HCH was *** sites include 54 former production sites,76 pesticide processing plants that used lindane,59 uncontrolled HCH waste isomer deposits,29 landfills with HCH waste,34 former or current storage sites for stocks of obsolete pesticides including technical HCH or lindane,and 16 HCH treatment or disposal ***,at 31 of the sites lindane/technical HCH was used in applications with significant risk of soil pollution,such as wood *** number of sites in this latter category is likely higher and will need further *** addition to this inventory,the“HCH in EU project”produced detailed country reports,a guidance document for how to find potentially HCHimpacted sites,and a strategy document for implementing the sustainable management of these sites EU-wide,with proposed actions at the EU,country,and site ***,the project has facilitated information exchange and e together with other related EU projects e has led to sharing info

关键词： HCH Lindane POPs Stockholm convention Contaminated sites Inventory Strategy

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