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Gut microbiome regulates inflammation and insulin resistance:a novel therapeutic target to improve insulin sensitivity

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第3期9卷 825-827页

作者： Dilvin Semo Holger Reinecke Rinesh Godfrey Vascular Signalling Molecular CardiologyDepartment of Cardiology I-Coronary and Peripheral Vascular DiseaseHeart FailureUniversity Hospital Münster48149 MünsterGermany

in a recent study published in Nature,Takeuchi et *** a multiomics strategy in humans to provide compelling evidence that increased carbohydrate metabolism by the gut microbiota contributes to insulin resistance(iR).The authors uncovered a previously unknown link between elevated gut monosaccharides and host inflammatory cytokines and suggest potential intervention opportunities to combat iR by targeting specific gut microbial species.

关键词： metabolism inflammation al.

Reinventing Systems for Equity

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ECNU Review of Education 2024年第2期7卷 214-229页

作者： Linda Darling-Hammond Learning Policy institute I530 Page Mill Road SuitePalo AltoCAUSA

Highlights Around the world,nations are grappling with the longstanding inequalities in education and society that were made more visible during the pandemic-along with the increasing educational demands of our fast-changing,knowledge-based *** article outlines the anatomy of educational inequality and the demands for students to develop“learning ability.”

关键词： Educational equity education reform teacher development

Solution of the Center Problem for a Class of Polynomial Differential Systems

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第7期40卷 1685-1696页

作者： Chang Jian Liu Jaume Llibre Rafael Ramírez Valentín Ramírez School of Mathematics(Zhuhai) Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai519086P.R.China Departament de Matemàtiques Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona08193BellaterraBarcelonaCataloniaSpain Departament d’Enginyeria informàtica i Matemàtiques Universitat Rovira i VirgiliAvinguda dels Paiïsos Catalans 2643007TarragonaCataloniaSpain

Consider the polynomial differential system of degree m of the form x=-y(1+μ(a_(2)x-a_(1)y))+x(v(a_(1)x+a_(2)y)+Ω_(m-1)(x,y)),y=x(1+μ(a_(2)x-a_(1)y))+y(v(a_(1)x+a_(2)y)+Ω_(m-1)(x,y)),whereμandνare real numbers such that(μ^(2)+v^(2))(μ+v(m-2))(a_(1)^(2)+a_(2)^(2))≠m>2 andΩ_(m−1)(x,y)is a homogenous polynomial of degree m−1.A conjecture,stated in *** Equations 2019,suggests that whenν=1,this differential system has a weak center at the origin if and only if after a convenient linear change of variable(x,y)→(X,Y)the system is invariant under the transformation(X,Y,t)→(−X,Y,−t).For every degree m we prove the extension of this conjecture to any value ofνexcept for a finite set of values ofμ.

关键词： Center problem polynomial differential system

A multi-shot target wheel assembly for high-repetition-rate, laser-driven proton acceleration

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第02期 91-98页

作者： J.Pe?as A.Bembibre D.Cortina-Gil L.Martín A.Reija C.Ruiz M.Seimetz A.Alejo J.Benlliure instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Laboratorio Láser de Aceleración y Aplicaciones RIAIDT Universidade de Santiago de Compostela instituto Universitario de Física Fundamental y Matemáticas y dpto.de Didáctica de la Matemática y de las Ciencias Experimentales Universidad de Salamanca instituto de instrumentación para imagen Molecular (i3M) CSIC-Universitat Politècnica de València

A multi-shot target assembly and automatic alignment procedure for laser–plasma proton acceleration at high repetition rate are introduced. The assembly is based on a multi-target rotating wheel capable of hosting more than 5000 targets,mounted on a 3D motorized stage to allow rapid replenishment and alignment of the target material between laser irradiations. The automatic alignment procedure consists of a detailed mapping of the impact positions at the target surface prior to the irradiation that ensures stable operation of the target, which alongside the purpose-built design of the target wheel, enables operation at rates up to 10 Hz. Stable and continuous laser-driven proton acceleration at 10 Hz is demonstrated, with observed cut-off energy stability about 15%.

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Global Null Controllability of the 1-Dimensional Nonlinear Slow Diffusion Equation

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2013年第3期34卷 333-344页

作者： Jean-Michel CORON Jesǘs ildefonso DiAZ Abdelmalek DRiCi Tommaso MiNGAZZiNi institut Universitaire de France and Universit Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 6) UMR 7598 Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions 4 place Jussieu F-75252 Paris cedex 5 France Universidad Complutense de Madrid Instituto de Matemtica Interdisiplinar and Dpto. de Matemtica Aplicada Plaza de las Ciencias 3 28040 Madrid Espaa Universit Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 6) UMR 7598 Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions 4 place Jussieu F-75252 Paris cedex 5 France Universidad Complutense de Madrid Dpto. de Matemtica Aplicada Plaza de las Ciencias 3 28040 Madrid Espaa

The authors prove the global null controllability for the 1-dimensional nonlinear slow diffusion equation by using both a boundary and an internal control. They assume that the internal control is only time dependent. The proof relies on the return method in combination with some local controllability results for nondegenerate equations and rescaling techniques.

关键词： Nonlinear control Nonlinear slow diffusion equation Porous mediumequation

Design of a Novel Exoskeleton with Passive Magnetic Spring Self-locking and Spine Lateral Balancing

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第1期21卷 236-255页

作者： Jhon F.Rodríguez-León Betsy D.M.Chaparro-Rico Daniele Cafolla Francesco Lago Eduardo Castillo-Castañeda Giuseppe Carbone Centro de investigacion en Ciencia aplicada y Tecnologia Avanzada Unidad Querétaro MecatronicaInstituto Politécnico NacionalCerro Blanco 14176090 Colinas del CimatarioQuerétaroMexico Department of Mechanical Energy and Management EngineeringUniversity of CalabriaVia P.Bucci Cubo 46 C87036 RendeItaly Faculty of Science and Engineering Department of Computer ScienceSwansea UniversitySwanseaUK CESTER University of Cluj-NapocaCluj-NapocaRomania

This paper proposes a new upper-limb exoskeleton to reduce worker physical *** proposed design is based on a novel PRRRP(P-Prismatic;R-Revolute)kinematic chain with 5 passive Degrees of Freedom(DoF).Utilizing a magnetic spring,the proposed mechanism includes a specially designed locking mechanism that maintains any desired task *** proposed exoskeleton incorporates a balancing mechanism to alleviate discomfort and spinal torsional effects also helping in limb weight *** paper reports specific models and simulations to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed *** experimental characterization is performed to validate the performance of the mechanism in terms of forces and physical strain during a specific application consisting of ceiling-surface drilling *** obtained results preliminarily validate the engineering feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed exoskeleton in the intended operation task thereby requiring the user to exert significantly less force than when not wearing it.

关键词： Assistive mechanism Exoskeleton Locking mechanism Bionic robot

Comparison of da Vinci 5 with previous versions of da Vinci and Sina:A review Author links open overlay panel

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Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery 2024年第2期7卷 60-65页

作者： Arya Asadizeidabadi Seyedmohammadamin Hosseini Fedor Vetshev Sergey Osminin Seyedali Hosseini Department of Faculty Surgery I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscow 119435Russia

Robotic systems have become popular in modern surgical *** option of telesurgery has effectively addressed geographic *** systems are offered by numerous companies *** this review article,we discuss four models of robotic systems to determine their advantages:the Sina flex system from iran and the da Vinci Xi,SP,and 5 systems from the *** compared aspects such as architecture,instruments,visualizations,clinical use,and *** findings suggest that the da Vinci robot,which was introduced earlier than the Sina system,utilizes proprietary and limited-use EndoWrist instruments with diameters ranging from 8 to 12 mm and features advanced imaging capabilities,including three-dimensional optical,tomographic,and fluorescence *** is well established and widely utilized in various surgical ***,the Sina flex system employs single-use 5 mm instruments and is equipped with two-dimensional optical imaging as a standard,with optional three-dimensional and fluorescence imaging upgrades *** its affordability,the Sina flex system is relatively new and has not yet been clinically ***,the Sina flex system is more user-friendly.

关键词： Robot-assisted surgery Robotic surgery da Vinci 5 da Vinci Sina Telesurgery

Chitosan Nanoparticles as Biostimulant in Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Plants

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Phyton-international Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第4期93卷 777-787页

作者： Silvia C.Ramírez-Rodríguez Pablo Preciado-Rangel Marcelino Cabrera-De La Fuente Susana González-Morales Hortensia Ortega-Ortiz Tecnológico Nacional de México Instituto Tecnológico de TorreónEjido AnaTorreónCoahuila27170México Departamento de Horticultura Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio NarroSaltillo25315México Departamento de Materiales Avanzados Centro de Investigación en Química AplicadaSaltilloCoahuila25294México

Biodegradable nanoparticles such as chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) are used in sustainable agriculture since theyavoid damage to the environment;CSNPs have positive effects such as the accumulation of bioactive compoundsand increased productivity in plants. This study aimed to investigate the impact of applying CSNPs on lettuce,specifically focusing on enzymatic activity, bioactive compounds, and yield. The trial was conducted using a completelyrandomized design, incorporating CSNPs: 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 mg mL−1. The doses of 0.4 mg mL−1improve yields up to 24.6% increases and 0.1 mg mL−1 of CSNPs increases total phenols by 31.2% and antioxidantcapacity by 34.6%. in addition, when low concentrations of CSNPs (0.05 and 0.1 mg L−1) were applied, anincrease in catalase was determined. The CSNPs represent a good alternative to be used as a biostimulant in sustainableagriculture because they improve the yield and quality of lettuce by increasing the bioactive compounds.

关键词： Biostimulant bioactive compounds enzymatic activity

Prognostic role of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with non-metastatic and metastatic prostate cancer:A meta-analysis and systematic review

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 191-207页

作者： Stefano Salciccia Marco Frisenda Giulio Bevilacqua Pietro Viscuso Paolo Casale Ettore De Berardinis Giovanni Battista Di Pierro Susanna Cattarino Gloria Giorgino Davide Rosati Francesco Del Giudice Alessandro Sciarra Gianna Mariotti Alessandro Gentilucci Department of Urology Sapienza Rome UniversityPoliclinico Umberto I00161 RomeItaly Department of Urology Humanitas20089 RozzanoMIItaly

Objective: To analyze data available in the literature regarding a possible prognostic value of the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in prostate cancer (PCa) patients stratified in non-metastatic and metastatic ***: A literature search process was performed following the Preferred Reporting items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. in our meta-analysis, the pooled event rate estimated and the pooled hazard ratio were calculated using a random effect ***: Forty-two articles were selected for our analysis. The pooled risk difference for non-organ confined PCa between high and low NLR cases was 0.06 (95% confidence interval [Ci]: −0.03-0.15) and between high and low PLR cases increased to 0.30 (95% Ci: 0.16-0.43). in non-metastatic PCa cases, the pooled hazard ratio for overall mortality between high and low NLR was 1.33 (95% Ci: 0.78-1.88) and between high and low PLR was 1.47 (95% Ci: 0.91-2.03), whereas in metastatic PCa cases, between high and low NLR was 1.79 (95% Ci: 1.44-2.13) and between high and low PLR was 1.05 (95% Ci: 0.87-1.24).Conclusion: The prognostic values of NLR and PLR in terms of PCa characteristics and responses after treatment show a high level of heterogeneity of results among studies. These two ratios can represent the inflammatory and immunity status of the patient related to several conditions. A higher predictive value is related to a high NLR in terms of risk for overall mortality in metastatic PCa cases under systemic treatments.

关键词： Prostatic neoplasm Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio Platelet-to-lymphocyteratio Meta-analysis Radical prostatectomy Metastatic