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Assessment of phytochemicals, antioxidant, anti-hemolytic, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer potential of flowers, leaves and stem extracts of Rosa arvensis

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第4期44卷 804-812页

作者： Zubaria Tul Ain iram Fatima Sana Naseer Sobia Kanwal Tariq Mahmood Department of Plant Sciences Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad 45320Pakistan Department of Biology Allama Iqbal Open UniversityIslamabad 04403Pakistan Department of Plant Sciences Faculty of Biological SciencesQuaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad 45320Pakistan Pakistan Academy of Sciences Islamabad 04403Pakistan

OBJECTiVE:To evaluate phytochemicals and in vitro biological potential of flowers,leaves and stem extracts of Rosa ***:Presence of twenty secondary metabolites was confirmed and then phenolic and flavonoid contents were quantified *** Transform infrared spectroscopy was conducted to ascertain functional groups and antioxidant potential was examined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activity,total antioxidant capacity and total reducing power *** erythrocytes were used to assess anti-hemolytic activity and five bacterial strains were examined to determine antibacterial potential of plant *** seeds were used to perform phytotoxic activity and cytotoxic potential was evaluated via brine shrimps and PC3 cell ***:Highest phenolic contents were detected in the methanolic extract of Rosa arvensis flower(RAFM)[(151.635±0.005)gallic acid equivalent mg/g]and highest flavonoid contents in the chloroform leaf extract(RALC)[(108.228±0.004)quercetin equivalent mg/g].Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis showed the presence of wide range of functional *** antioxidant assays indicated highest DPPH scavenging activity[iC50(23.5±0.6)μg/mL]in the methanolic stem extract(RASM),highest total antioxidant capacity[(265.1±0.9)μg/mL]in RAFM and highest reducing potential[(209.9±0.6)μg/mL]in leaf extract(RALM).Highest antihemolytic activity[(90.0±0.5)μg/mL]was recorded in RAFM and brine shrimp cytotoxicity potential[(52.3±0.3)μg/mL]in *** antimicrobial activity was detected highest[(21.1±0.5)mm inhibition zones]in RALM against Streptococcus *** the end,antiinflammatory and anti-cancer activity results depicted less than 50%inhibition in the methanolic ***:Our findings will be helpful in designing pharmaceutical regimens and therefore,more studies can be recommended to isolate and characterize compounds associated with the biological activities of Rosa arvensis.

关键词： anti-inflammatory agents spectroscopy,fourier transform infrared hemolysis oxidative stress PC-3 cells

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Fixed points stability,bifurcation analysis,and chaos control of a Lotka-Volterra model with two predators and their prey

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international Journal of Biomathematics 2024年第4期17卷 1-38页

作者： Muhammad Aqib Abbasi Department of Mathematics Quaid-I-Azam University Islamabad44230Pakistan

The study of the population dynamics of a three-species Lotka-Volterra model is crucial in gaining a deeper understanding of the delicate balance between prey and predator *** research takes a unique approach by exploring the stability of fixed points and the occurrence of Hopf *** using the bifurcation theory,our study provides a comprehensive analysis of the conditions for the existence of Hopf *** is validated through detailed numerical simulations and visual representations that demonstrate the potential for chaos in these *** mitigate this instability,we employ a hybrid control strategy that ensures the stability of the controlled model even in the presence of Hopf *** research is not only significant in advancing the field of ecology but also has far-reaching practical implications for wildlife management and conservation *** results provide a deeper understanding of the complex dynamics of prey-predator interactions and have the potential to inform sustainable management practices and ensure the survival of these species.

关键词： Fixed points existence and uniqueness Hopf bifurcation

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Ethnocultural heritage of the North-Eastern Caucasus as a factor of eco-tourism development

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第8期21卷 2810-2824页

作者： Zaburaeva Khava Sh. Complex Research institute named after Kh.i.ibragimov of the Russian Academy of Sciences Grozny 366002Russia

The North-East Caucasus is a multi-ethnic mountain macroregion with a rich cultural heritage,insufficiently studied in the context of the ecotourism *** fill this gap and identify promising directions of environmentally safe forms of tourism,the author used in-depth review of modern literature to investigate the features of ecological tourism and the problems of preserving ethno-cultural heritage,and used historical and comparative-geographical methods to analyze the development of the tangible and intangible cultural heritage of the indigenous peoples of the North-Eastern Caucasus in different historical periods and to identify the geographical peculiarities of the distribution of historical and cultural monuments(tower buildings),pilgrimage sites and centers of traditional crafts and *** part of the planned expeditions,the author personally visited some historical monuments and handicraft centers for a deeper study of ethno-cultural *** cartographic method made it possible to visualize the *** results of the research show that the ethnocultural heritage of the North-East Caucasus is formed by material(historical and cultural monuments)and immaterial elements of culture(language,customs,traditions,ethnic identification)of those peoples,who live *** ethnocultural heritage is considered as the most important factor in the development of the tourism *** is revealed that this region has a large potential for development in various areas of *** highest concentration of religious buildings focused in mountainous *** tower structures were erected in mountainous and high-altitude *** ancient times to the present day there have been preserved various types of crafts and trades(pottery,metalworking,burka making,jewelry making,carpet weaving,gold embroidery,wood and stone carving,etc.),which can become objects of *** ethnocultural heritage of the North-East Caucasus needs to be preserved a

关键词： Mountainous districts Sustainable development Prospects Stone Towers Folk crafts

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Radiative decays D*(s)→ D(s)γ in covariant confined quark model

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第2期48卷 45-56页

作者： C.T.Tran M.A.ivanov P.Santorelli Q.C.Vo Department of Physics HCMC University of Technology and EducationVo Van Ngan 1700000 Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam Bogoliubov Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Joint Institute for Nuclear Research141980 DubnaRussia Dipartimento di fisica"E.Pancini" Universitàdi Napoli Federico ⅡComplesso Universitario di Monte S.AngeloVia CintiaEdificio 680126 NapoliItaly istituto Nazionale di fisica Nucleare Sezione di Napoli80126 NapoliItaly University of Science 700000 Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam

Radiative decays D((s))*→D((s))γare revisited in light of new experimental data from the BaBar and BESⅢ*** radiative couplings gD*Dγencoding nonperturbative QCD effects are calculated in the framework of the covariant confined quark model developed by *** compare our results with other theoretical studies and experimental *** couplings(in GeV-1)|g(D*+D+γ)|=0.45(9)and|g(D*0D0γ)|=1.72(34)calculated in our model agree with the corresponding experimental data|g(D*+D+γ)|=0.47(7)and|g(D*0D0γ)|=1.77(16).The most interesting case is the decay Ds*→Dsγ,for which a recent prediction based on light-cone sum rules at next-to-leading order|gDs*Dsγ|=0.60(19)deviates from the first(and only to date)lattice QCD result|gDs*Dsγ|=0.11(2)at nearly3σ.Our calculation yields|gDs*Dsγ|=0.29(6),which falls somehow between the two mentioned results,although it is larger than those predicted in other studies using quark models or QCD sum rules.

关键词： covariant quark model radiative decay charmed meson

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Machine learning for predicting the outcome of terminal ballistics events

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 14-26页

作者： Shannon Ryan Neeraj Mohan Sushma Arun Kumar AV Julian Berk Tahrima Hashem Santu Rana Svetha Venkatesh Applied Artificial intelligence institute(A2i2) Deakin University75 Pigdons RdWaurn PondsVIC3216Australia

Machine learning(ML) is well suited for the prediction of high-complexity,high-dimensional problems such as those encountered in terminal *** evaluate the performance of four popular ML-based regression models,extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost),artificial neural network(ANN),support vector regression(SVR),and Gaussian process regression(GP),on two common terminal ballistics’ problems:(a)predicting the V50ballistic limit of monolithic metallic armour impacted by small and medium calibre projectiles and fragments,and(b) predicting the depth to which a projectile will penetrate a target of semi-infinite *** achieve this we utilise two datasets,each consisting of approximately 1000samples,collated from public release *** demonstrate that all four model types provide similarly excellent agreement when interpolating within the training data and diverge when extrapolating outside this *** extrapolation is not advisable for ML-based regression models,for applications such as lethality/survivability analysis,such capability is *** circumvent this,we implement expert knowledge and physics-based models via enforced monotonicity,as a Gaussian prior mean,and through a modified loss *** physics-informed models demonstrate improved performance over both classical physics-based models and the basic ML regression models,providing an ability to accurately fit experimental data when it is available and then revert to the physics-based model when *** resulting models demonstrate high levels of predictive accuracy over a very wide range of projectile types,target materials and thicknesses,and impact conditions significantly more diverse than that achievable from any existing analytical *** with numerical analysis tools such as finite element solvers the ML models run orders of magnitude *** provide some general guidelines throughout for the development,application,and reporting of ML models in terminal ballist

关键词： Machine learning Artificial intelligence Physics-informed machine learning Terminal ballistics Armour

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Low-cost disordered carbons for Li/S batteries： A high- performance carbon with dual porosity derived from cherry pits

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Nano Research 2018年第1期11卷 89-100页

作者： Celia Hernandez-Rentero Rafael Cordoba Noelia Moreno Alvaro Caballero Julian Morales Mara Olivares-Marin Vicente Gomez-Serrano dpto. Ouimica inorgdnica e ingenierfa Quimica Instituto de Quimica Fina y Nanoqufmica Universidad de C6rdoba 14071 C6rdoba Spain dpto. Quimica inorg6nica Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Extremadura 06006 Badajoz Spain

A micro- and mesoporous carbon obtained from cherry pit waste and activated with HBPO4 acid has been studied as the sulfur host for Li/S batteries. The carbon has a high specific surface area of 1,662 m2·g-1 （SBET） and micropore and mesopore volumes of 0.57 and 0.40 cm3·g-1, respectively. The S/C composite, with a sulfur content of 57% deposited by the disproportionate reaction of a SaO2- solution in an acid medium without an additional heating step above the S melting point, delivers an initial specific capacity of 1,148 mah·g-1 at a current of C/16. it also has a high capacity retention of 915 mAh·g-1 after 100 cycles and a Coulombic efficiency close to 100%. The good performance of the composite was also observed under higher current rates and long-term cycling tests. The capacities delivered by the cell after 200 cycles were 707 and 410 mAh·g-1 at C/2 and 1C （1C = 1,675 mA·g-1）, respectively, maintaining the high Coulombic efficiency. The overall electrochemical response of this carbon as the sulfur matrix is among the best reported so far among the other biomass-derived carbons, probably because of the micro- and mesopore system formed upon activation.

关键词： activated carbon agricultural waste cherry stone sulfur composite lithium-sulfur batteries

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Endoscopic intramural cystogastrostomy for treatment of peripancreatic fluid collection: A viewpoint from a surgeon

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第6期30卷 610-613页

作者： Chen-Guo Ker Department of General Surgery E-Da HospitalI-Shou UniversityKaohsiung 824Taiwan

Percutaneous or endoscopic drainage is the initial choice for the treatment of peripancreatic fluid collection in symptomatic *** transgastric fenestration(ETGF)was first reported for the management of pancreatic pseu-docysts of 20 patients in *** a surgeon’s viewpoint,ETGF is a similar procedure to cystogastrostomy in that they both produce a wide outlet orifice for the drainage of fluid and necrotic *** can be performed at least 4 wk after the initial onset of acute pancreatitis and it has a high priority over the surgical ***,the surgical approach usually has a better success rate because surgical cystogastrostomy has a wider outlet(>6 cm vs 2 cm)than ***,percutaneous or endoscopic drainage,ETGF,and surgical approach offer various treatment options for peripancreatic fluid collection patients based on their conditions.

关键词： Pancreatitis Pancreatic pseudocyst Endoscopic cystogastrostomy Surgical cystogastrostomy Peripancreatic fluid collection Fenestration for pancreatic cyst

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Antifouling Properties of Electrospun Polymeric Coatings induced by Controlled Surface Morphology

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ENERGY & ENViRONMENTAL MATERiALS 2024年第6期7卷 409-419页

作者： Favrin, Fabio L. Zavagna, Lorenzo Sestini, Matteo Esin, Semih Azimi, Bahareh Labardi, Massimiliano Milazzo, Mario Gallone, Giuseppe Batoni, Giovanna Danti, Serena Univ Pisa Dept Civil & Ind Engn Largo Lucio Lazzarino 2 I-56122 Pisa Italy Univ Pisa Dept Translat Res & New Technol Med & Surg Via San Zeno 35-39 I-56123 Pisa Italy Massachusetts inst Technol MiT Dept Civil & Environm Engn Massachusetts Ave 77 Cambridge MA 02139 USA inst Chem & Phys Proc iPCF Natl Res Council CNR Pisa Res Area Via Moruzzi 1 I-56124 Pisa Italy

Nosocomial infections affect implanted medical devices and greatly challenge their functional outcomes, becoming sometimes life threatening for the patients. Therefore, aggressive antibiotic therapies are administered, which often require the use of last-resort drugs, if the infection is caused by multi-drug-resistant bacteria. Reducing the risk of bacterial contamination of medical devices in the hospitals has thus become an emerging issue. Promising routes to control these infections are based on materials provided with intrinsic bactericidal properties (i.e., chemical action) and on the design of surface coatings able to limit bacteria adhesion and fouling phenomena (i.e., physical action), thus preventing bacterial biofilm formation. Here, we report the development and validation of coatings made of layer-by-layer deposition of electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoro ethylene) P(VDF-TrFE) fibers with controlled orientations, which ultimately gave rise to antifouling surfaces. The obtained 10-layer surface morphology with 90 degrees orientation fibers was able to efficiently prevent the adhesion of bacteria, by establishing a superhydrophobic-like behavior compatible with the Cassie-Baxter regimen. Moreover, the results highlighted that surface wettability and bacteria adhesion could be controlled using fibers with diameter comparable to bacteria size (i.e., achievable via electrospinning process), by tuning the intra-fiber spacing, with relevant implications in the future design of biomedical surface coatings.

关键词： additive manufacturing Escherichia coli fibers Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoro ethylene) P(VDF-TrFE) Pseudomonas aeruginosa superhydrophobic iN-ViTRO MiCRO SUPERHYDROPHOBiCiTY iNFECTiON RiSK NANO

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Clustering of quorum sensing colloidal particles

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National Science Open 2024年第4期3卷 7-16页

作者： Yuxin Zhou Yunyun Li Fabio Marchesoni MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology School of Physics Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Dipartimento di fisica Universitàdi CamerinoCamerino I-62032Italy

We propose a simple model of colloidal suspension,whereby individual particles change their diffusivity from high(hot)to low(cold),as the local concentration of their closest peers grows larger than a certain *** a non-reciprocal interactive mechanism is known in biology as quorum *** tuning the parameters of the adopted quorum sensing protocol,the suspension is numerically shown to go through a variety of two-phase(hot and cold)*** is an archetypal model with potential applications in robotics and social studies.

关键词： cluster quorum sensing non-reciprocal phase separation colloidal particles

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Light correcting light with nonlinear optics

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第2期6卷 41-49页

作者： Sachleen Singh Bereneice Sephton Wagner Tavares Buono Vincenzo D'Ambrosio Thomas Konrad Andrew Forbes University of the Witwatersrand School of Physics Università degli studi di Napoli “Federico Ⅱ” Dipartimento di Fisica “E.Pancini” University of Kwa Zulu-Natal School of Chemistry and Physics

Structured light, where complex optical fields are tailored in all their degrees of freedom, has become highly topical of late, advanced by a sophisticated toolkit comprising both linear and nonlinear *** undesired structure from light is far less developed, leveraging mostly on inverting the distortion,e.g., with adaptive optics or the inverse transmission matrix of a complex channel, both requiring that the distortion be fully characterized through appropriate measurement. We show that distortions in spatially structured light can be corrected through difference-frequency generation in a nonlinear crystal without any need for the distortion to be known. We demonstrate the versatility of our approach using a wide range of aberrations and structured light modes, including higher-order orbital angular momentum(OAM) beams,showing excellent recovery of the original undistorted field. To highlight the efficacy of this process, we deploy the system in a prepare-and-measure communications link with OAM, showing minimal cross talk even when the transmission channel is highly aberrated, and outline how the approach could be extended to alternative experimental modalities and nonlinear processes. Our demonstration of light-correcting light without the need for measurement opens an approach to measurement-free error correction for classical and quantum structured light, with direct applications in imaging, sensing, and communication.

关键词： phase conjugation aberration correction orbital angular momentum nonlinear optics

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