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Postglacial incision-infill cycles at the Borisoglebsk Upland: Correlations between interfluve headwaters and fluvial network

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International soil and Water Conservation Research 2019年第2期7卷 184-195页

作者： Yuliya V.Shishkina Ekaterina V.Garankina Vladimir R.Belyaev Ilya G.Shorkunov Pavel V.Andreev Aleksey I.Bondar Viktoria I.Potapova Tatiana A.Verlova Faculty of Geography Department of Geomorphology and Palaeogeography and Laboratory for Soil Erosion and Fluvial ProcessesLomonosov Moscow State UniversityLeninskie Gory1Moscow 119991Russia institute of Geography Department of Soil Geography and EvolutionRussian Academy of SciencesStaromonetnyj Lane29Moscow 119017Russia institute of Earth sciences of Saint-Petersburg State University St.PetersburgUniversitetskaya nab.7-9 199034Russia

The article discusses postglacial landscape transformation in the Northern Hemisphere Middle Pleistocene glaciation area located in the center of the russian *** attempted to verify the regional paleogeographic model by reconstructing the Late Pleistocene incision-infill cycles at the Eastern Borisoglebsk Upland based on a comparison of inactive interfluves headwaters and actual fluvial network *** study was also aimed to determine the past extent of fluvial *** research of the actual and buried topography,Ethology and pedogenic properties of surface deposits was carrid out with remote sensing data interpretation,DGPS survey,and detailed description of geological cores *** study was followed by analysis of grain size,chemical and organic contents,microstructure,and numerical *** the available results,we propose a scenario of the fluvial network transformation at the Eastem Borisoglebsk Upland over the last 150 *** least four fluvial incision stages were determined while network extent has significantly changed through the Late *** can be generally associated with the regional base level decrease-Late Moscow,Late Valdai and Late Holocene and accompanying isolation of the Nero Lake terraces of 130 m,100-105 m and 95-98 *** stages were separated by landscape stability or aggradation periods those were asynchronous at the middle and upper parts of the fluvial *** main agent of initial valley infill appears to be local lacustrine sedimentation altered by alluvial and colluvial deposition towards the second half of *** landscape conditions variability emphasize the importance of comprehensive local correlations for regional retrospective models.

关键词： Interfluve headwaters Fluvial Incision-Infill Cycle Pleistocene

The development and application of a multiplex short tandem repeat(STR)system for identifying subspecies,individuals and sex in tigers

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Integrative Zoology 2015年第4期10卷 376-388页

作者： Zheng-Ting ZOU Olga V.UPHYRKINA Pavel FOMENKO Shu-Jin LUO College of Life sciences Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijingChina institute of Biology and soil sciences Far Eastern Branch Russian Academy of SciencesVladivostokRussia World Wide Fund for Nature–Russia Amur Branch VladivostokRussia Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics University of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA.

Poaching and trans-boundary trafficking of tigers and body parts are threatening the world’s last remaining wild *** of an efficient molecular genetic assay for tracing the origins of confiscated specimens will assist in law enforcement and wildlife forensics for this iconic flagship *** developed a multiplex genotyping system“tigrisPlex”to simultaneously assess 22 short tandem repeat(STR,or microsatellite)loci and a gender-identifying SRY gene,all amplified in 4 reactions using as little as 1 ng of template *** DNA samples used for between-run calibration,the system generates STR genotypes that are directly compatible with voucher tiger subspecies genetic profiles,hence making it possible to identify subspecies via bi-parentally inherited *** applied“tigrisPlex”to 12 confiscated specimens from Russia and identified 6 individuals(3 females and 3 males),each represented by duplicated samples and all designated as Amur tigers(Panthera tigris altaica)with high *** STR multiplex system can serve as an effective and versatile approach for genetic profiling of both wild and captive tigers as well as confiscated tiger products,fulfilling various conservation needs for identifying the origins of tiger samples.

关键词： Amur tiger genetic multiplex sexing short tandem repeat

Effects of long-term medieval agriculture on soil properties:A case study from the Kislovodsk basin,Northern Caucasus,Russia

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Journal of Mountain science 2018年第6期15卷 1171-1185页

作者： CHERNYSHEVA Elena KHOMUTOVA Tatiana FORNASIER Flavio KUZNETSOVA Tatiana BORISOV Alexandr institute of Physicochemical and Biological Problems in soil science Russian Academy of Sciences Institutskaya 14229o Pushchino Moscow region Russia 2 CREA - VE Consiglio per la ricerca in Agricoltura e rAnalisi della Economia Agraria Centro di Ricerea Viticoltura ed Enologia Via Trieste 23 34170 Gorizia Italy

The chemical properties and biological activities of soils were studied in the vicinity of the medieval settlement Podkumskoe-3 in the Kislovodsk basin(Northern Caucasus, Russia). Between the 5 th and 8 th centuries this area was ploughed regularly, but it was then abandoned up to the present day. It has been established that past human activity leads to soil undergoing significant transformations in terms of microbial communities and enzyme activity, and that such changes are maintained over long periods. Long-term manuring in the middle of the first millennium AD led to an increase in organic carbon content and the accumulation of nitrate nitrogen. soils of ancient abandoned fields are associated with increases in microbial biomass, number of saprotrophic bacteria, urease activity, and fungal mycelium biomass. The observed changes in the microbiological and biochemical properties of soil were conditioned by secondary anthropogenically induced succession after the abandonment of arable lands.

关键词： Anthropogenic soils Manuring Enzymeactivity Microbial biomass North Caucasus MiddleAges

An Abrupt Rainfall Decrease over the Asian Inland Plateau Region around 1999 and the Possible Underlying Mechanism

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2017年第4期34卷 456-468页

作者： Jinling PIAO Wen CHEN Ke WEI Yong LIU Hans-F.GRAF Joong-Bae AHN Alexander POGORELTSEV Center for Monsoon System Research Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Earth science University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Atmospheric sciences Pusan National UniversityPusan 609-735Korea russian State Hydrometeorological University St.Petersburg 195196Russia

A decadal change in summer rainfall in the Asian inland plateau（AIP） region is identified around 1999. This decadal change is characterized by an abrupt decrease in summer rainfall of about 15.7% of the climatological average amount,leading to prolonged drought in the Asian inland plateau region. Both the surface air temperature and potential evapotranspiration in the AIP show a significant increase, while the soil moisture exhibits a decrease, after the late 1990s. Furthermore,the normalized difference vegetation index shows an apparent decreasing trend during 1999–2007. Three different drought indices—the standardized precipitation index, the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index, and the self-calibrating Palmer drought severity index—present pronounced climate anomalies during 1999–2007, indicating dramatic drought exacerbation in the region after the late 1990s. This decadal change in the summer rainfall may be attributable to a wave-like teleconnection pattern from Western Europe to Asia. A set of model sensitivity experiments suggests that the summer warming sea surface temperature in the North Atlantic could induce this teleconnection pattern over Eurasia, resulting in recent drought in the AIP region.

关键词： Asian inland plateau summer rainfall drought teleconnection pattern North Atlantic

Toward Sustainable Revegetation in the Loess Plateau Using Coupled Water and Carbon Management

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Engineering 2022年第8期8卷 143-153页

作者： Fubo Zhao Yiping Wu Xiaowei Yin Georgii Alexandrov Linjing Qiu Department of Earth and Environmental science School of Human Settlements and Civil EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China A.M.Obukhov institute of Atmospheric Physics Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 119017Russia

The"Grain-for-Green"project on the Loess Plateau is the largest revegetation program in the ***,revegetation-induced land use changes can influence both water and carbon cycles,and the diverse consequences were not well ***,the reasonability and sustainability of revegetation measures are in *** study quantifies the impacts of revegetation-induced land use conversions on the water and carbon cycles in a typical watershed on the Loess Plateau and identifies suitable areas where revegetation of forest or grassland could benefit both soil and water conservation and carbon *** used a coupled hydro-biogeochemical model to simulate the changes of a few key components in terms of water and carbon by designing a variety of hypothetical land use conversion scenarios derived from revegetation *** to the baseline condition(land use in 2000),both sediment yield and water yield decreased substantially when replacing steep cropland with forest or *** cropland with slopes larger than 25°,15°,and 6°to forest(CTF)would enhance the carbon sequestration with a negligible negative effect on soil water content,while replacing cropland with grassland(CTG)would result in a decline in net primary production but with a substantial increase in soil water content(3.8%-14.9%).Compared to the baseline,the soil organic carbon would increase by 0.9%-3.2% in CTF and keep relatively stable in *** testing a variety of hypothetical revegetation scenarios,we identified potential priority areas for CTF and CTG,where revegetation may be appropriate and potentially beneficial to conserving soil and water and enhancing carbon *** study highlights the challenges in future water and carbon coupling management under revegetation policy,and our quantitative results and identification of potential areas for revegetation could provide information to policy makers for seeking optimal management on the Loess Plate

关键词： Carbon Land use change Loess Plateau Sediment SWAT-Day Cent Water resources

Distribution of algae and cyanobacteria of biological soil crusts along the elevation gradient in mountain plant communities at the Northern Urals(russian European Northeast)

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Journal of Mountain science 2022年第3期19卷 637-646页

作者： IV NOVAKOVSKAYA EN PATOVA YA DUBROVSKIY AB NOVAKOVSKIY EE KULYUGINA institute of Biology Komi Scientific CentreUral BranchRussian Academy of SciencesKommunisticheskaya st.28SyktyvkarKomi Republic167982Russia

This paper describes the biodiversity of cyanobacteria and microalgae of biological soil crusts(BSC)on bare substrates in different mountain vegetation types at the Northern *** total,we identified 99 algal species from six divisions in all sampled *** species diversity and structure of BSC algal communities show a relationship with environmental factors(altitude,soil p H and humidity,and illumination).Taxonomic diversity of algae decreases along the altitude gradient from mountain meadow to mountain *** and cyanobacteria species from six divisions were identified in meadow communities,five in mountain forests and four in mountain *** observed a positive correlation between species diversity of phototrophic microorganisms and altitude in the forest communities,but a negative correlation in the *** dominant complex of cyanobacterial and algal species in BSC was specific for each type of plant community and was reflective of the habitat *** species diversity and morphological organization of the BSC algae thalli can be used as a criterion for the ongoing assessment of climatic changes in high latitudes and mountain regions.

关键词： Biological soil crusts Cyanobacteria and microalgae Altitude gradient Northern Urals

soil erosion: An important indicator for the assessment of land degradation neutrality in Russia

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International soil and Water Conservation Research 2020年第4期8卷 418-429页

作者： Petr Tsvmbarovich German Kust Mikhail Kumani Valentin Golosov Olga Andreeva institute of Geography RAS Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia Lomonosov Moscow State University MoscowRussia Kursk State University KurskRussia

This review of soil erosion(SE)studies in Russia focuses on two main tasks:(i)ensuring the completeness and reliability of SE data in Russia,a large country(17.1 million km2)with a variety of natural and socio-economic causes of land degradation,(ii)assessing the possibility of including a SE indicator among the indicators of land degradation neutrality(LDN).A wide range of statistical,remote sensing,mathematical modeling *** results of scientific and field studies obtained at different levels were *** is asserted that in Russia the total area of eroded lands and those under erosion risk occupy more than 50%of all agricultural lands,whereas soil fertility of croplands decreased in Soviet time(from 1950s to 1980s)by 30-60%only due to water ***,recent scientific studies indicate a decrease in erosion rate and in the area of eroded land during the last 30-40 years as a result of abandonment of arable land and subsequent overgrown with natural *** climate change resulting in decrease of the depth of soil freezing,flow of spring runoff also adds to the decrease of soil *** SE indicator was suggested as an important complement to three global LDN *** national and subnational level,it can be interpreted through such indices as"Rate of soil loss"(ton ha-1 yr-1)and"Total soil loss"(1000 tons,in certain area during selected time period).At local level the set of indices can be wider and site-specific,including those obtained through remote sensing data by using the classifier of thematic applications of remote sensing technologies;the example was tested at the local site.

关键词： russian Federation soil erosion Land degradation neutrality

大麝鼩韩国种群与俄罗斯远东种群之间的遗传分化:基于线粒体Cyt b基因的分析(英文)

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兽类学报 2014年第4期34卷 381-386页

作者： KOH Hung Sun SHEREMETIEVA Irina JO Jae Eun SIN Dong Soen KIM Jin Seong AN Na Hyeon Department of Biology Chungbuk National UniversityCheongju 361-763Korea institute of Biology and soil science Russian Academy of SciencesVladivostok 690022Russia

为重新分析韩国大麝鼩种群与相邻的俄罗斯远东种群之间的遗传分化情况,我们获得9条来自韩国4个地点和俄罗斯3个地点的大麝鼩线粒体细胞色素b基因(Cyt b)全序列,并将其与来自Gen Bank的4条Cyt b全序列和4条Cyt b部分序列进行比较。结果... 详细信息

为重新分析韩国大麝鼩种群与相邻的俄罗斯远东种群之间的遗传分化情况,我们获得9条来自韩国4个地点和俄罗斯3个地点的大麝鼩线粒体细胞色素b基因(Cyt b)全序列,并将其与来自Gen Bank的4条Cyt b全序列和4条Cyt b部分序列进行比较。结果发现韩国的大麝鼩并非只有一种基因型,因此,在利用Cyt b部分序列进行种群遗传学分析时需格外注意。基于Cyt b全序列分析,发现韩国的大麝鼩与俄罗斯远东地区的大麝鼩之间存在1.08%的平均JC距离和7个位点的差异,推测韩国的大麝鼩与俄罗斯远东地区的大麝鼩在包括末次冰盛期在内的很长时期都没有进行过遗传交流。目前的测序结果不支持当前认为大麝鼩为单系群的亚种分类理论,支持韩国大麝鼩是***亚种的分类理论,但还需进一步对中国东北地区的样品进行测序分析后才能最终确认。

关键词：生物地理学 DNA系统分类学 Cyt b基因大麝鼩韩国俄罗斯远东地区

Some stromatic pyrenomycetous fungi from northern ***,Camillea and Hypoxylon(Xylariaceae)

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Fungal Diversity 2012年第4期55卷 65-76页

作者： L.N.Vasilyeva S.L.Stephenson K.D.Hyde A.H.Bahkali institute of Biology and soil science Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesVladivostok 690022Russia University of Arkansas FayettevilleAR 72701USA institute of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Lung UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand School of science Mae Fah Lung UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Botany and Microbiology Department College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11442Saudi Arabia

Fourteen species of stromatic pyrenomycetous fungi(family Xylariaceae)collected in northern Thailand are *** of these(Biscogniauxia lithocarpi,Camillea malaysiensis ***,Hypoxylon juventuterubrum,***,***,and ***)are described as taxa new to *** of these taxa are provided,and they are compared with similar taxa known from the Western Hemisphere.

关键词： Ascomycota SE Asia Taxonomy Xylariales