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decreased prevalence of celiac disease among Brazilian elderly

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第12期19卷 1930-1935页

作者： Lucas Malta Almeida Luiz Claudio Castro Rosa Harumi Uenishi Fernanda Coutinho de Almeida Patricia Maria Fritsch Lenora Gandolfi Riccardo Pratesi Yanna Karla de Medeiros nóbrega Graduate Program in Medical Sciences University of Brasilia School of Medicin doctoral fellow of coordenao de aperfeioamento de pessoal de nível superior Graduate Program in Health Sciences University of Brasilia School of Health Sciences Research Center for Celiac disease University of Brasilia School of Medicine department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Brasilia School of Health Sciences Research Center for Celiac Disease University of Brasilia School of Medicine

AIM: To evaluate the prevalence of celiac disease in a group of Brazilian individuals over 60 years of age and compare it with the previously known prevalence in a pediatric group living in the same geographical ***: The research protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Brasilia School of Medicine, Brasilia, Brazil. Blood samples from 946 individuals (295 male and 651 female) aged 60 years or older were collected between May 2010 and July 2011. The study subjects' mean and median ages were 68.1 and 67 years, respectively, ranging from 60 to 92 years. That age distribution closely corresponded to the age distribution of the Brazilian population according to the Brazilian 2010 census. The participants were consecutive and unselected outpatients undergoing blood tests at the University of Brasilia Hospital's Clinical Pathology Laboratory. All sera were tested for immunoglobulin A anti-transglutaminase antibodies (IgA-tTG) by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay, and those that were positive were further tested for immunoglobulin A antiendomysium antibodies (IgA-EMA). Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotyping was performed for all individuals who exhibited positive serologic results for IgA-tTG and/or ***: out of the 946 studied patients, only one previously diagnosed case of biopsy-proven celiac disease was detected. For the remaining subjects, nine serum samples tested positive for IgA-tTG antibodies; however, none of them tested positive for IgA-EMA antibodies. The HLA genotyping of those nine subjects revealed that one was carrying DQA1*0501 and two were carrying DQB1*0201 alleles. These data showed that, among those 946 elderly individuals, the prevalence of celiac disease (CD) was 0.1% (95%CI: 0.00-0.59). The prevalence of CD for the elderly group was compared with that observed for the group of 2034 children younger than 15 years (age range, 1-14 years; mean age, 8 years) who took part in our previous CD prevalence screen

关键词： Celiac disease Gluten-sensitive enteropathy Epidemiology Elderly Mortality

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Seasonal variation and host sex affect bat–bat fly interaction networks in the Amazonian savannahs

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 400-416页

作者： Paulo MEJIA Gustavo Lima URBIETA Bruna da Silva XAVIER IsaíJorge de CASTRo JoséJúlio de ToLEDo Gustavo GRACIoLLI Lucio AndréVIAnA DIAS William Douglas CARVALHo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Tropical Universidade Federal do Amapá(UNIFAP)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Instituto de BiologiaCentro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro(UFRJ)Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil Laboratório de Mamíferos Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá(IEPA)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal Laboratório de SistemáticaEcologia e Evolução(LSEE)Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul(UFMS)Campo GrandeMTBrazil Terrestrial Ecology Group(TEG-UAM) Departamento de EcologíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global(CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain

Bats are the second-most diverse group of mammals in the world,and bat flies are their main ***,significant knowledge gaps remain regarding these antagonistic interactions,especially since diverse factors such as seasonality and host sex can affect their network ***,we explore the influence of such factors by comparing species richness and composition of bat flies on host bats,as well as specialization and modularity of bat–bat fly interaction networks between seasons and adult host *** captured bats and collected their ectoparasitic flies at 10 sampling sites in the savannahs of AmapáState,northeastern region of the Brazilian *** female bats being more parasitized and recording greater bat fly species richness in the wet season,neither relationship was statistically *** pooled network could be divided into 15 compartments with 54 links,and all subnetworks comprised>12 *** total number of links ranged from 27 to 48(for the dry and wet seasons,respectively),and female and male subnetworks had 44 and 41 links,*** values were very low for the pooled network and for all *** results revealed higher bat fly species richness and abundance in the wet season,whereas specialization and modularity were higher in the dry ***,the subnetwork for female bats displayed higher specialization and modularity than the male ***,both seasonality and host sex contribute in different ways to bat–bat fly network *** studies should consider these factors when evaluating bat–bat fly interaction networks.

关键词： Amapá Amazon biome bat flies bats interaction networks

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Timing of breeding as a determinant of nest success of the vulnerable Chestnut Seedeater(Sporophila cinnamomea)in grasslands of southern South America

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Avian Research 2023年第1期14卷 126-135页

作者： Jonas Rafael Rodrigues Rosoni Carla Suertegaray Fontana Caio JoséCarlos Programa de Pós-Graduacão em Biologia Animal Departamento de ZoologiaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulUFRGSAvenida Bento Gonçalves950091501-970Porto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil Laboratório de ornitologia Museu de Ciências e TecnologiaPrograma de Pós-Graduacão em Ecologia e Evolucão da BiodiversidadePontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do SulPUCRSAvenida Ipiranga668190619-900Porto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil departamen to de Ecologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulUFRGSAvenida Bento Gonçalves950091501-970Porto AlegreRio Grandedo SulBrazil

The breeding traits of Sporophila seedeaters have been relatively well studied in recent years;nevertheless,a group of ten species in the genus,known as southern capuchinos,remain *** is the case with Chestnut Seedeater(Sporophila cinnamomea),a species vulnerable to extinction,which breeds in the grasslands of southeast South America and,after reproduction,migrates towards the Cerrado region in central ***,we investigated breeding ecology and calculated average clutch size,productivity,the sex ratio of nestlings,and estimated nest *** we tested(1)whether there is a relationship between the number of active nests and environmental variables,(2)whether the nestling sex ratio deviates from the 1:1 ratio,(3)whether clutch size varies between breeding seasons,and(4)whether the nest success is related to starting date,nest age,plant support,nest height from the ground,and clutch *** two breeding seasons(october-March 2018-2020),we monitored 98 *** generated survival models with five interacting covariates to assess the survival of the *** recorded the entire breeding period for Chestnut Seedeater,which was estimated to be 4.6 months,similar to other migratory *** size did not differ between breeding *** sex ratio of nestlings was not significantly different from the 1:1 *** success was 31%,and predation was the leading cause of unsuccessful nests(83%).The daily survival rate was 0.95±*** main predictor of nest survival was the covariate starting *** findings,added to other aspects of the species’natural history described here,may help illuminate the ecology and behavior of Chestnut Seedeater and other southern endangered capuchinos,and grassland-dependent species of South America.

关键词： Brood parasitism Clutch size neotropical grassl ands nest age nest predation nest survival

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An improved theoretical formulation for Sauter mean diameter of pressure-swirl atomizers using geometrical parameters of atomization

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Propulsion and Power Research 2022年第2期11卷 240-252页

作者： Julio R.Ronceros Rivas Amilcar Porto Pimenta Jusceline Sumara Lessa Gustavo A.Ronceros Rivas department of Mechatronics Engineering of Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas(UPC) Campus MonterricoAv.Prolongación Primavera 2390SurcoLimaLima 33Peru department of Propulsion and Energy of Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica(ITA) Comando Geral de Tecnologia AeroespacialPraça Marechal Eduardo Gomes 50Vila das AcaciasSão Josédos CamposSP 12228900Brazil Interdisciplinary Master and doctoral degrees in Energy and Sustainability(PPGIES)of Federal University of Latin American Integration(UnILA) Foz do IguaçuParaná85867900Brazil

This study discusses the development of a mathematical model that is capable ofpredicting the drop size mean diameter of the spray generated by a pressure swirl atomizer,considering the effects of the liquid’s viscosity and the geometrical parameters of this typeof injector, as well as the angle of incidence of the inlet channels (j and b) and atomizationparameters (k, 8), obtained from hyperbolic relations. Additionally, this model investigatesthe phenomena of rupture and stability that are observed in the conical liquid film, in whichthe importance of a new geometrical parameter of atomization, “8”, which immediately influences the drop size diameter of the spray, should be highlighted. The results that are obtainedusing this model are compared with analytical results of Couto, Wang and Lefebvre, Jasuja,Radcliffe and Lefebvre, experimental results and numerics (Hollow cone atomization model),using the Ansys Fluent software for the validation and consistency of the model proposed in Rivas (2015). This model yields good approximations as compared to that yielded using otheralternative mathematical models, demonstrating that the new atomization geometric parameter“8” is an “adjustment” factor that exhibits considerable significance while designing pressureswirl atomizers according to the required SMD. Furthermore, this model is easy to use, withreliable results, and has the advantage of saving computational time.

关键词： Atomization mathematical model Drop size mean diameter Pressure-swirl atomizer Atomization geometric parameter 8 Half spray angle Helix angle

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Sagittal crest morphology decoupled from relative bite performance in Pleistocene tapirs(Perissodactyla:Tapiridae)

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第2期18卷 254-277页

作者： Lisa VAn LInden Kim STooPS Larissa C.C.S.DUMBÁ Mario A.CoZZUoL Jamie A.MACLAREn Functional Morphology Lab Department of BiologyCampus Drie EikenUniversiteit AntwerpenAntwerpenBelgium departamento de Zoologia Instituto de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisMinas GeraisBrazil Evolution and Diversity Dynamics Lab Department of GeologyUniversitéde LiègeQuartier AgoraLiègeBelgium

Bite force is often associated with speciﬁc morphological features,such as sagittal *** presence of a pro-nounced sagittal crest in some tapirs(Perissodactyla:Tapiridae)was recently shown to be negatively correlated with hard-object feeding,in contrast with similar cranial structures in *** aim of this study was to investi-gate bite forces and sagittal crest heights across a wide range of modern and extinct tapirs and apply a comparative investigation to establish whether these features are correlated across a broad phylogenetic *** examined a sample of 71 specimens representing 15 tapir species(5 extant,10 extinct)using the dry-skull method,linear measurements of cranial features,phylogenetic reconstruction,and comparative *** were found to ex-hibit variation in bite force and sagittal crest height across their phylogeny and between different biogeographical realms,with high-crested morphologies occurring mostly in neotropical *** highest bite forces within tapirs appear to be driven by estimates for the masseter–pterygoid muscle complex,rather than predicted forces for the temporalis *** results demonstrate that relative sagittal crest height is poorly correlated with relative cranial bite force,suggesting high force application is not a driver for pronounced sagittal crests in this *** divergent biomechanical capabilities of different contemporaneous tapirids may have allowed multiple species to occupy overlapping territories and partition resources to avoid excess *** forces in tapirs peak in Pleistocene species,independent of body size,suggesting possible dietary shifts as a potential result of climatic changes during this epoch.

关键词： biogeography dry-skull method herbivory mastication niche partitioning Pleistocene

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Florivory by the occupants of phytotelmata in flower parts can decrease host plant fecundity

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Current Zoology 2022年第1期68卷 69-79页

作者： Caio C.C.MISSAGIA Maria Alice S.ALVES Graduate Program in Ecology and Evolution Universidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroPavilhao Haroldo Lisboa da CunhaSala 224Rua Sao Francisco Xavier524MaracanaRio de Janeiro 20550-013Brazil department of Ecology Universidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroPavilhao Haroldo Lisboa da CunhaSala 220Rua Sao Francisco Xavier524MaracanaRio de Janeiro 20550-013Brazil

Some types of plant accumulate liquid in their inflorescences creating *** environments protect the flowers against florivory,although they may be colonized by aquatic or semiaquatic florivorous insect larvae,whose effects on the fitness of the plants remain *** tested the hypothesis of floral antagonism by the occupants of phytotelmata,which predicts that florivory by the occupants of the phytotelmata represents a cost to the female fitness of the plant,reducing its *** manipulated experimentally the infestation by 3 florivores larvae species occupants of phytotelmata in inflorescences of Heliconia spathocircinata(Heliconiaceae)to test for negative direct trophic effects on the fecundity of the flowering and fruiting *** found that the foraging of the hoverfly(Syrphidae)and moth(Lepidoptera)larvae in the inflorescences contributed to a decline in the fecundity of the *** the lepidopteran impacted fecundity when foraging in both flowering and fruiting bracts,the syrphid only affected the fruiting bracts,which indicates that the nectar and floral tissue are the principal resource exploited by the *** contrast,soldier fly(Stratiomyidae)had a neutral effect on fecundity,while foraging in flowering or fruiting *** findings corroborate our hypothesis,that herbivory by the larval occupants represents cost to the host plant having *** negative influence of this foraging on plant fecundity will nevertheless depend on the consequences of the exploitation of resources,which vary considerably in ephemeral habitats such as the phytotalmanta of flower parts.

关键词： Atlantic forest Brazil florivory frugivory Heliconia water-held plants

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The Difference in Calcium Levels in Aspergillus nidulans Grown on Glucose or Pectin

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Advances in Microbiology 2012年第2期2卷 117-121页

作者： Janice Aparecida Rafael Suraia Said departamento de Ciencias Farmaceuticas Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas de Ribeirao PretoUniversidade de Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil

Understanding the growth regulatory mechanisms in filamentous fungi is very important for the production of medicines for antifungal therapies. It is well established that Ca2+ gradient is essential for hyphal growth and that one mechanism responsible for the Ca2+ cellular concentration starts with the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) by receptor-regulated forms of phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC). In the present study the levels of calcium in Aspergillus nidulans wild type (A26) and plcA-deficient mutant (AP27) growing in a carbon source readily assimilated, as glucose or pectin a non-readily assimilated carbon source was investigated. Intracellular calcium levels in A26 were higher in the presence of glucose than in pectin, but lower in AP27 independently of the carbon source and in AP27 the vesicular calcium distribution occurred mainly at the apex of the hyphae. delay in nuclear division was also observed if A26 and AP27 were grown in pectin presence when compared with growth in glucose. For the first time, it is demonstrated that the levels of intracellular Ca2+ were higher when A. nidulans was growing in glucose than in a non readily assimilated carbon source as pectin. Further, it also showed that the plcA gene, although not essential, may be responsible for high-molecular weight carbon source recongnation, for the intracellular Ca2+ levels maintenance and consequently by the nuclear division in A. nidulans.

关键词： Aspergillus nidulans Ca^(2+) Signaling Phospholipase C

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Diversity among Isolates of the Tangerine Pathotype of Alternaria alternata

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第2期9卷 196-215页

作者： Andréa Celina Ferreira demartelaere Luciana Cordeiro do nascimento Cristina o.Marinho Marciano Costa nunes Patrícia Clemente Abraao Rommel S.S.Gomes Monica Danielly de Mello oliveira Larissa Almeida Mirelly M.Porcino Caroline Vargas e Silva Wilza C.o.Souza Programa de Pós-Graduacao em Agronomia Departamento de Fitotecnia e Ciencias AmbientaisUniversidade Federal da ParaíbaAreiaBrazil

The tangerine pathotype of Alternaria alternata is the aetiological agent of Alternaria brown spot on tangerines. In the state of Paraíba, Brazil, its occurrence on “Dancy” tangerine trees is associated with genetic aspects as well as the influence of environmental conditions on reproduction and dissemination within and between populations. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the diversity of isolates of this pathogen using morphophysiological and molecular markers. For the analysis of mycelial growth and sporulation, 30 isolates from different locations were examined at 24-hour intervals until the seventh day, when the spores were quantified. The 30 isolates were characterised based on molecular markers (ISSR) and genetic similarity (Jaccard index). A factor arrangement was used: 30 isolates, four media (oDA, PDA, LEA and V8), three light regimes (continuous dark, alternating light and continuous light) and three temperatures (15°C, 25°C and 35°C), with 12 repetitions. Groups 1, 2 and 3 presented low genetic variability. Group 4 showed high genetic variability of the isolates obtained from the Massaranduba (state of Paraíba-Brazil) producing region and higher mycelial growth and sporulation of A. alternata. The continuous light regime and the temperature 25°C in PDA and V8 media were the ideal conditions for the mycelial growth and sporulation, respectively, of the isolates of A. alternata.

关键词： Citrus tangerine Alternaria Brown Spot Fungal Variability Environment Factors ISSR Markers

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Thermal and salinity effects on locomotor performance of Thoropa taophora tadpoles(Anura,Cycloramphidae)

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Integrative Zoology 2020年第1期15卷 40-54页

作者： Antonio C.GALLo Cinthia ABRASILEIRo Fábio Cury de BARRoS JoséEduardo de CARVALHo department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Federal University of São PauloDiademaSão PauloBrazil

It is well known that environmental temperature influences several biological functions of ectotherms,notably in *** high permeability of anuran skin,associated with the effect of elevated environmental temperature,potentiates the dehydration process and this combination may restrict locomotor ***pa taophora is an endemic species from the Atlantic Rainforest whose tadpoles are semiterrestrial and predominantly diurnal,and are found in rocky seashores where they are exposed to sea spray and high *** this study we investigated how temperature and salinity conditions affect the locomotor performance in Thoropa taophora *** also assessed how different osmotic concentrations affect the activity of the metabolic pathways that support muscle *** measured the sprint speed of tadpoles of various sizes at different temperatures and salinities in the *** also measured the activity of the enzymes pyruvate kinase(PK),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)and citrate synthase(CS)in different temperatures and osmotic concentrations,and calculated the thermal sensitivity and the activity constants for each *** results showed that,in general,sprint speed decreased with increasing temperature and ***,whereas the effect of increased salinity was similar in smaller and larger tadpoles,increased temperature had a higher negative impact on sprint speed of larger tadpoles,thus indicating low thermal sensitivity of small *** and LDH thermal sensitivities and LDH constant of activity decreased as the osmolality *** conclusion,the locomotor capacity of tadpoles was decreased by temperature and salinity,which may be related to a decrease in anaerobic metabolism both in terms of sensitivity and total energy turnover through enzymatic *** discuss the ecological consequences,including the potential impacts on predator escape behavior promoted by changes in metabolism and locomotor performance

关键词： amphibians energy metabolism enzyme activity sprint speed

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Urethane Modified Hydrophobic Compact Wood Pulp Paper for oil Spill Cleanup: A Preliminary Study

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2020年第10期8卷 1257-1268页

作者： Gustavo de Souza Ricardo K.Kramer Antonio J.F.Carvalho department of Materials Engineering Sao Carlos School of Engineering(EESC)University of São Paulo(USP)São PauloBrazil

oil spills and oil/water wastewater are among the great concerns regarding oil *** technologies face many limitations and in some cases are responsible for causing secondary pollution,therefore there is as seek for environmental friendly ***,from which celluloses are highlighted,are being employed for oil/water separation or oil absorbents ***,these membranes are obtained by freeze drying of CnF(cellulose nano-fibrils)suspensions followed by chemical modification for hydrophobization,which involves expensive process as chemical vapor deposition and expensive reactants as sylanes,turning these processes hardly ***,we produced a natural porous structure paper from eucalyptus pulp fibers modified by a dipping and heating process in a blocked diisocyanate *** the surface treatment,contact angle with water reached 144°and water absorption reduced seven times,keeping the good oil *** chemical modification process is simple to be performed and use a very low quantity of reactant estimated to be less than 0.1 wt%based on *** good mechanical properties of the material allows its use in non usual conditions which can be of great importance depending on the environmental conditions.

关键词： Cellulose oil removal hydrophobization water repellency blocked isocyanates

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