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Guinea pigs as an animal model for sciatic nerve injury

Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第3期12卷 452-457页

作者： Malik Abu Rafee Amarpal Prakash Kinjavdekar Hari Prasad Aithal Sajad Ahmad Wani Irfan Ahmad Bhat division of Surgery Indian Veterinary Research InstituteIzatnagarBareillyUPIndia division of veterinary Biotechnology Indian Veterinary Research InstituteIzatnagarBareillyUPIndia division of veterinary Physiology Indian Veterinary Research InstituteIzatnagarBareillyUPIndia

The overwhelming use of rat models in nerve regeneration studies is likely to induce skewness in treatment *** address the problem,this study was conducted in 8 adult guinea pigs of either sex to investigate the suitability of guinea pig as an alternative model for nerve regeneration studies.A crush injury was inflicted to the sciatic nerve of the left limb,which led to significant decrease in the pain perception and neurorecovery up to the 4th *** of foot print and shortening of toe spread were observed in the paw after nerve injury.A 3.49 ± 0.35 fold increase in expression of neuropilin 1（NRP1） gene and 2.09 ± 0.51 fold increase in neuropilin 2（NRP2） gene were recorded 1 week after nerve injury as compared to the normal *** of gastrocnemius muscle weight and volume of the experimental limb to control limb showed more than 50% decrease on the 30 th ***,vacuolated appearance of the nerve was observed with presence of degenerated myelin debris in digestion *** muscle also showed degenerative *** electron microscopy revealed loose and rough arrangement of connective tissue fibrils and presence of large spherical globules in crushed sciatic *** findings suggest that guinea pigs could be used as an alternative animal model for nerve regeneration studies and might be preferred over rats due to their cooperative nature while recording different parameters.

关键词： nerve regeneration Guinea pigs animal model sciatic nerve injury foot print length neuropilin histopathology neural regeneration

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Biochemical and histopathological changes in sheep fed different detoxified karanj(Pongamia glabra)seed cake as partial protein supplements

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Animal Nutrition 2017年第2期3卷 164-170页

作者： Nira M.Soren Anil K.Sharma Vadali R.B.Sastry division of Animal Nutrition ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute Animal Nutrition division ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology division of Pathology ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute

The study investigated the long-term effect of feeding processed solvent extracted karanj(Pongamia glabra) cake(SKC) on gross pathology and histopathological changes in some vital organs, and on the activities of serum enzymes in Jalauni lambs. Twenty-four male lambs were divided into 4 groups and allotted randomly to a soybean meal(SBM) based control(CON) and 3 treatment groups receiving concentrate mixtures, containing water washed(WW), 2.5% lime(LM) and 0.4% binder(BN) treated SKC replacing 50% nitrogen of SBM to meet the protein requirements. Blood was collected after 150 days from all the lambs and serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) were assayed. All lambs were sacrificed after 196 days, and vital organs screened for gross pathological lesions. The representative tissues of liver, intestine, parathyroid gland,testis, and epididymis were sampled, preserved in 10% formalin and processed to examine histopathological changes by staining with haematoxylin and eosin(HE). The serum enzyme activities of AST and ALT were similar in the treatments, but the activity of LDH was higher(P < 0.01) in processed SKC-fed groups than the control. The weight and size of the liver were decreased in BN group, while those of testes were decreased in both LM and BN groups. The histological sections of the testes and epididymis of lambs from LM group showed hypoplastic seminiferous tubules and empty ductules, respectively. The histological sections of the parathyroid gland in the same diet revealed smaller and non-secretory chief cells. The small intestine of lambs from BN group showed infiltration of mononuclear cells(MNC) in lamina propria with mild fibroplasia in intervillous areas. The histological section of liver from this group showed MNC infiltration in portal areas. The inclusion of water washed SKC in the concentrate mixture of lambs did not show gross pathological and histological alterations in th

关键词： Karanj cake Enzymatic profile Histopathology Lambs Liver Testis

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Rapid Recovery of Classical Swine Fever Virus Directly from Cloned cDNA

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第5期12卷 877-883页

作者： HUANG Jun-hua LI Yong-feng HE Fan LI Dan SUN Yuan HAN Wen QIU Hua-ji division of Swine Infectious Diseases State Key Laboratory of Veterinary BiotechnologyHarbin Veterinary Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

The reverse genetics for classical swine fever virus （CSFV） is currently based on the transfection of in vitro transcribed RNA from a viral genomic cDNA clone, which is inefficient and time-consuming. This study was aimed to develop an improved method for rapid recovery of CSFV directly from cloned cDNA. Full-length genomic cDNA from the CSFV Shimen strain, which was flanked by a T7 promoter, the hepatitis delta virus ribozyme and T7 terminator sequences, was cloned into the low- copy vector pOK12, producing pOKShimen-RzTФ. Direct transfection of pOKShimen-RzTqb into PK/T7 cells, a PK-15- derived cell line stably expressing bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase, allowed CSFV to be rescued rapidly and efficiently, i.e., at least 12 h faster and 31.6-fold greater viral titer when compared with the in vitro transcription-based rescue system. Furthermore, the progeny virus rescued from PK/T7 cells was indistinguishable, both in vitro and in vivo, from its parent virus and the virus rescued from classical reverse genetics. The reverse genetics based on intracellular transcription is efficient, convenient and cost-effective. The PK/T7 cell line can be used to rescue CSFV directly from cloned cDNA and it can also be used as an intracellular transcription and expression system for studying the structure and function of viral genes.

关键词： classical swine fever virus reverse genetics T7 RNA polymerase stable cell line

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Mycoplasma leachii causes polyarthritis in calves via the blood route but is not associated with pneumonia

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第11期17卷 2536-2545页

作者： CHANG Ji-tao WANG Guan-bo ZHANG Yue WANG Fang JIANG Zhi-gang YU Li division of Livestock Infectious Diseases/State Key Laboratory of veterinary Biotechnology Harbin Veterinary Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Mycoplasma leachiiwas initially isolated from arthritic calves in South Queensland, Australia, and its ability to cause clinical polyarthritis in calves was demonstrated by experimental infection. However, the source of M. leachii infection in calves and its means of spreading are not well known. In this study, one-month-old calves were inoculated with cultures of M. leachii or joint fluid （collected from M. leachii-infected calves） through the intraarticular, intravenous, intratracheal, intranasal or oral routes. Multidisciplinary procedures, including clinical assessment, etiology assessment, pathology and immunohistochemistry （IHC）, were used to evaluate the pathogenicity of M. leachfi in calves and to elucidate the transmission route of M. leachii infection in calves. The results showed that all calves inoculated intraarticularly with cultured GN407 or joint fluid and two-thirds of the calves inoculated intravenously with joint fluid developed severe polyarthritis, and the M. leachfi antigen was detected in the joints of all infected calves by IHC and PCR. In contrast, calves inoculated with cultured M. leachfi or joint fluid through the intratracheal, intranasal or oral routes did not show any M. leachfi infection in the clinical assessment, etiology assessment, or pathology and IHC results. These results indicated that polyarthritis caused by M. leachii in calves is transmitted via the blood route; however, this disease is not transmitted through the respiratory or digestive routes. In addition, the M. leachii antigen was not detected in the lungs of all the inoculated calves using IHC and PCR, indicating that M. leachfi is not associated with pneumonia, even in the calves inoculated through the respiratory duct. These findings are important information for the prevention and control of calf polyarthritis caused by M. leachfi.

关键词： Mycoplasma leachii calf polyarthritis transmission via blood

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Serrated neoplasia of the colorectum

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第28期13卷 3792-3798页

作者： Nathan T Harvey Andrew Ruszkiewicz division of Tissue Pathology Institute of Medical and Veterinary ScienceFrome RdAdelaideAustralia

Serrated polyps of the colorectum form a group of related lesions which include aberrant crypt foci (ACF), conventional hyperplastic polyps, mixed (admixed) polyps, serrated adenomas and sessile serrated adenomas. In recent years the molecular differences between these morphologically similar lesions have been highlighted, and their differing biological potential has been realised. In particular, the sessile serrated adenoma has become recognised as the precursor lesion to a group of sporadic colorectal carcinomas characterised by morphological and molecular features distinct from conventional adenomas. These recent findings have challenged the long held paradigm that all colorectal carcinomas arise via the traditional adenoma-carcinoma sequence. In addition, they present a major challenge for the early detection and management of colorectal cancer, which is no longer regarded as a homogeneous entity.

关键词： Serrated adenoma Serrated neoplasia Serrated adenocarcinoma Hyperplastic polyps Microsatellite instability

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Attenuation of Virulent Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Strain CH-1a and Genetic Variation of ORF5 Gene

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第12期11卷 2035-2042页

作者： CAI Xue-hui WU Guo-jun LIU Yong-gang LIU Guang-qing SHI Wen-da WANG Shu-jie MA Ping LI Cheng-jun HAN Wen-yu College of Animal Science and veterinary Medicine Jilin University State Key Laboratory of veterinary Biotechnology Harbin Veterinary Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences division of Avian Infectious Diseases Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

To develop a modified live vaccine （MLV） against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus （PRRSV）, virulent CH-Ia strain was attenuated by serial passages up to 130 passage （P130） in Marc-145 cells. The virulence and immune efficacy of the attenuated CH-1 a were evaluated in pigs. The results showed that animals inoculated with P130 did not develop any clinical sign of the disease, but produced rapid and effective humoral immune responses against PRRSV challenge, indicating that attenuated CH-1 a P 130 is the candidate as the effective vaccine against PRRSV. To define the potential mutations in the attenuated CH-la genome, we sequenced and analyzed the ORF5 gene of CH-la strain of different passages （P39, P55, P65, P70, P85, P100, P115, P120, P125, and P130） and found that three mutations （C5Y, H38Q and L146Q） which may be related with the attenuation of CH-la. In addition, we also found a unique restriction enzyme site （TspEI） in the ORF5 gene of attenuated CH-la, which can be used as a genetic marker to distinguish original and attenuated CH- 1 a.

关键词： attenuation porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus genetic variation ORF5 gene

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Transsphenoidal hypophysectomy and its effects on endocrinological status and serum chemistry parameters in dogs with Cushing's disease

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畜牧与兽医 2012年第S2期44卷 9-11页

作者： Yasushi Hara division of veterinary Surgery School of Veterinary MedicineNippon Veterinary and Life Science University

Cushing’s disease is a common endocrinopathy in dogs that is caused by an adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH)secreting corticotroph *** dogs with Cushing’s disease have been treated by mitotane or trilostane in small animal clinical medicine[1,2,15-17].In humans,however,the first choice f treatment for Cushing’s disease is transsphenoidal hypophysectomy(TSS)[3,4,6].In human clinical medicine,it has been suggested that excessive suppression of cortisol production using these drugs for the patients with Cushing’s disease might delete the negative feedback effect of cortisol to the hypotahalamus and corticotrophs,and result in promoting the growth of ACTH secreting corticotroph adenoma,

关键词： Cushing adenoma suppression delete recurrence promoting choice canine cholesterol routine

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Prevalence and risk factors associated with Japanese encephalitis virus infection in swine population of Assam,India

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2022年第11期15卷 503-510,I0001-I0009页

作者： Mir Hussain Himani Dhanze Deepa Mehta M.Suman Kumar Ravi Kumar Gandham Megha Gupta AG Barua K.P Suresh Balbir B Singh division of veterinary Public Health ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research InstituteIzatnagarBareillyIndia division of Animal Biotechnology ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research InstituteIzatnagarBareillyIndia Department of veterinary Public Health College of Veterinary ScienceAssam Agricultural UniversityGuwahatiAssamIndia ICAR-National Institute of veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics BengaluruIndia Centre for One Health Guru Angad Dev Veterinary&Animal Sciences UniversityPunjabIndia

Objective:To assess the prevalence of Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV)and associated risk factors in the swine population of ***:A total of 432 swine serum and blood samples were collected from Barpeta and Sonitpur districts of Assam and were screened for the presence of JEV *** related to risk factors was collected using a self-designed questionnaire from 120 swine-rearing ***-mixed models were used for prevalence *** and multivariate regression models were constructed to evaluate the association of demography,season and management practices with JEV positive ***:Overall,the JEV infection prevalence was 51.6%at farm and 47.1%at slaughter *** analysis of partial sequence of envelope gene of two positive field samples revealed that both isolates belonged to genotypeⅢ*** 1 shared a common clade with human isolates while isolate 2 belonged to the same clade as that of other JEV swine strain isolated from *** final multivariate model showed that two factors including monsoon season(Adjusted OR 5.6;95%CI 2.1-14.9;P<0.001)and water logging in the area near the pig shelter(Adjusted OR 16.9;95%CI 6.1-47.3;P<0.001)were associated with greater odds of swine being infected with ***:High prevalence of JEV in swine population of Assam state indicates a significant risk of virus transmission to humans while risk factor study underlines the urgent need for awareness campaigns in the Assam.

关键词： Japanese encephalitis virus Genotypes Prevalence Risk factors Swine

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Factors associated with mobile phone ownership and potential use for rabies vaccination campaigns in southern Malawi

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第3期9卷 136-137页

作者： Orla Marron Gareth Thomas Jordana LBurdon Bailey Dagmar Mayer Paul OGrossman Frederic Lohr Andy DGibson Luke Gamble Patrick Chikungwa Julius Chulu Ian GHandel Barend Mde C Bronsvoort Richard JMellanby Stella Mazeri 不详 The Royal(Dick)School of veterinary Studies Division of Veterinary Clinical StudiesThe University of EdinburghHospital for Small AnimalsEaster Bush Veterinary CentreRoslinMidlothianUK

Background:Rabies is a fatal but preventable viral disease,which causes an estimated 59000 human deaths globally every *** vast majority of human rabies cases are attributable to bites from infected domestic dogs and consequently control of rabies in the dog population through mass vaccination campaigns is considered the most effective method of eliminating the *** the WHO target of 70%vaccination coverage has proven challenging in low-resource settings such as Sub Saharan Africa,and lack of public awareness about rabies vaccination campaigns is a major barrier to their *** this study we surveyed communities in three districts in Southern Malawi to assess the extent of and socio-economic factors associated with mobile phone ownership and explore the attitudes of communities towards the use of short message service(SMS)to inform them of upcoming rabies vaccination ***:This study was carried out between 1 October–3 December 2018 during the post-vaccination assessment of the annual dog rabies campaign in Blantyre,Zomba and Chiradzulu districts,Malawi.1882 questionnaires were administered to households in 90 vaccination *** surveys gathered data on mobile phone ownership and use,and barriers to mobile phone access.A multivariable regression model was used to understand factors related to mobile phone ***:Most survey respondents owned or had use of a mobile phone,however there was evidence of an inequality of access,with higher education level,living in Blantyre district and being male positively associated with mobile phone *** principal barrier to mobile phone ownership was the cost of the phone *** feature phones were most common and few owned *** was commonly used and the main reason for not using SMS was *** to receiving SMS reminders about future rabies vaccination campaigns were ***:The study showed a majority of those surveyed have the use of

关键词： Rabies Mass vaccination mHealth Short message service

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Immunochemical characterization of antigens of Brucella canis and their use in seroprevalence study of canine brucellosis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第11期4卷 857-861页

作者： Sharma Barkha Sinha Dharmendra Kumar Singh Dhirendra Kumar Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Veterinary SciencePandit Deen Dayal Upadhaya Veterinary UniversityMathuraUttar PradeshPin-281001India division of Epidemiology Indian Veterinary Research InstituteIzatnagarBareillyUttar Pradesh243122India division of veterinary Public Health Indian Veterinary Research InstituteIzatnagarBareillyUttar Pradesh243122 India

Objective:To explore immunochemical characterization of antigens of Brucella canis(B. canis),and the use in seroprevalence study of canine ***:External hot phosphate buffer saline extract(HPBSE) and internal sonicated(SA) antigens were prepared from *** strain MEX 51 and imniunochemically *** antigens were used to test 527 serum samples of dogs by 2-mercaptoethanol-tubc agglutination test(2 ME-TAT), agar gel immunodiffusion test(AGID).dot-ELISA and indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(I-ELISA) to assess the seroprevalence of canine ***:The protein content of HPBSE and SA antigens was 0.387 mg/*** 0.195 mg/mL,respectively,whereas carbohydrate content was 0.174 mg/mL and 0.150 mg/mL,*** sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(12.5%) of HPBSE and SA,revealed 6 and 8 visible peptide bands ranging from 18-80 kDa and 12-45 kDa,*** blot analysis showed immunodominant bands of MW 12.28.39 and 45 kl)a for HPBSE and 20-24 kl)a for SA. The AGII) revealed HPBSE as more specific antigen than SA but both I-ELISA and dot-ELISA indicated SA antigen to be more specific and reliable than *** seroprevalence of canine brucellosis was 2.27%by 2ME-TAT.1.5%by AGID.3.03%by dot-ELISA and 16.12%by I-ELISA. Conclusions:On the basis of the results of present study,we concluded that HPBSE is suitable antigen for AGID,which is more specific:whereas SA antigen is suitable for I-ELISA,which is highly ***,initial screening of serum samples should be carried out by I-ELISA followed by confirmation with AGID.

关键词： Brucella canis SDS-PAGE Western blotting Agar gel immunodiffusion test Dot-ELISA I-ELISA

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