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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2012年第2期26卷 84-89页

作者： Paul Kamau Penina Aloo Obudho Ephantus Kabiru Kepha Ombacho Bernard Langat Obadiah Mucheru Laban Ireri Department of Zoological Sciences Kenyatta UniversityNairobiKenya ministry of Public health and Sanitation NairobiKenya Department of Pathology Kenyatta UniversityNairobiKenya Institute of tropical Medicine and Infectious diseases Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and TechnologyNairobiKenya division of vector borne and neglected tropical diseases EmbuKenya

Most intestinal parasites are cosmopolitan with the highest prevalence in the tropics and subtopics. Rural-to-urban migration rapidly increases the number of food eating places in towns and their environs. Some of these eating estabishments have poor sanitation and are overcrowded, facilitating disease transmission, especially through food-handling. Our investigations in Nairobi, therefore, were set to determine the presence of intestinal parasites in food-handlers with valid medical certificates. Direct and concentrated stool processing techniques were used. Chisquare test and ANOVA were used for data analysis. The parasites Ascaris lumbricoides, Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia were observed in certified food-handlers. Significant difference was found in parasite frequency by eating classes and gender （χ^2 = 9.49, P = 0.73）, （F = 1.495, P = 0.297）, but not in parasite occurrence between age brackets （χ^2 = 6.99, P = 0.039）. The six-month medical certificate validity period may contribute significantly to the presence of intestinal parasites in certified food-handlers.

关键词： parasites food-handlers medical certificate food establishments

China-UK-Tanzania Pilot Project on Malaria Control

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China CDC weekly 2020年第42期2卷 820-822页

作者： Xuejiao Ma Shenning Lu Duoquan Wang Zhengbin Zhou Jun Feng He Yan Shang Xia Wei Ding Ning Xiao Xiao-nong Zhou National Institute of Parasitic diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchWHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical DiseasesNational Center for International Research on Tropical DiseasesMinistry of Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyMinistry of HealthShanghaiChina

The China-UK-Tanzania Pilot Project on Malaria Control supported by the China-UK Global health Support Programme and funded by the UK Department for International Development(DFID)is the first pilot project of its kind for the Chinese government in *** encouraging results of this pilot project demonstrated that the malaria burden could be reduced by 81%(1)when China’s experience with malaria control was shared in Tanzania through interactions between health officials from China and Tanzania.

关键词： Malaria malaria Pilot

Molecular phylogeny of Anopheles hyrcanus group(Diptera:Culicidae)based on mtDNA COI

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Infectious diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 522-531页

作者： Yuan Fang Wen-Qi Shi Yi Zhang National Institute of Parasitic diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionWHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical DiseasesNational Center for International Research on Tropical DiseasesMinistry of Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyMinistry of HealthShanghai 200025China

Background:The Anopheles hyrcanus group,which includes at least 25 species,is widely distributed in the Oriental and Palearctic *** group members have been incriminated as vectors of malaria and other mosquito-borne *** is difficult to identify Hyrcanus Group members by morphological ***,molecular phylogeny has been proposed as an important complementary method to traditional morphological ***:Based on the GenBank database and our original study data,we used 466 mitochondrial DNA COI sequences belonging to 18 species to reconstruct the molecular phylogeny of the Hyrcanus Group across its worldwide geographic ***:The results are as follows.1)The average conspecific K2P divergence was 0.008(range 0.002-0.017),whereas sequence divergence between congroup species averaged 0.064(range 0.026-0.108).2)The topology of COI tree of the Hyrcanus Group was generally consistent with classical morphological taxonomy in terms of species classification,but disagreed in subgroup *** the COI tree,the group was divided into at least three main *** first cluster contained ***;the second was composed of the Nigerrimus Subgroup and ***;and the third cluster was comprised of the Lesteri Subgroup and other unassociated species.3)Phylogenetic analysis of COI indicated that ancient hybridizations probably occurred among the three closely related species,***,***,and ***.4)The results supported *** as a probable synonym of ***,and it was possible that *** and *** were the same species,as evident from their extremely low interspecific genetic divergence(0.020 and 0.007,respectively)and their phylogenetic ***:In summary,we reconstructed the molecular phylogeny and analysed genetic divergence of the Hyrcanus Group using mitochondrial COI *** results suggest that in the future of malaria surveillance,we should not only pay much attent

关键词： Mosquito DNA barcoding Genetic distance Malaria

Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis--China,2018

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China CDC weekly 2020年第3期2卷 34-38页

作者： Huihui Zhu Jilei Huang Changhai Zhou Tingjun Zhu Menbao Qian Mizhen Zhang Yingdan Chen Shizhu Li National Institute of Parasitic diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research/WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases/National Center for International Research on Tropical DiseasesMinistry of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyMinistry of HealthShanghaiChina

What is already known about this topic?Soil-transmitted helminthiasis(STH)is distributed widely in China and a large number of the population is ***,trends of STH infections are *** is added by this report?The most recent data indicates that the overall prevalence of STH was 1.29% in 2018 in China,which was based on the national sentinel surveillance and demonstrates a continuous decline *** are the implications for public health practice?Considering the current prevalence in China and various endemic statuses in different regions,precision control measures should be implemented for the control and elimination of STH in China.

关键词： What China. elimination

Distribution Patterns of the Snail Intermediate Host of Schistosoma japonicum-China,2015−2019

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China CDC weekly 2021年第5期3卷 81-84页

作者： Lijuan Zhang Shan Lv Chunli Cao Jing Xu Shizhu Li National Institute of Parasitic diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchWHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical DiseasesNational Center for International Research on Tropical DiseasesMinistry of Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyMinistry of HealthShanghaiChina

What is already known about this topic?The endemic status of schistosomiasis appeared to continuously decrease in China from 2015 to *** snail species Oncomelania hupensis is the only intermediate host involved in the transmission of Schistosoma japonicum,and this snail’s geographic distribution is strictly consistent with that of *** is added by this report?The snail’s habitats did not decrease significantly in China from 2015 to 2019,and some habitats have been newly detected or recurrent in some *** habitats among nine counties in Hunan and Jiangxi covered nearly half of the areas with *** are the implications for public health practice?Considering the situation of snail distribution,strategies and measures on snail control should focus on key *** addition,study of the origin and causes of the newly-detected snail habitats and recurrent areas with snails needs to be strengthened,and comprehensive measures should be taken to prevent the spread of snails.

关键词： Schistosoma schistosomiasis continuously

Assessment of the Transmission Risk of Schistosomiasis after Flooding-North Poyang Lake,Jiangxi Province,China,2020

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China CDC weekly 2021年第5期3卷 85-89页

作者： Shan Lv Fan Yang Zhiqiang Qin Chunli Cao Jing Xu Shizhu Li Xiao-nong Zhou National Institute of Parasitic diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchWHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical DiseasesNational Center for International Research on Tropical DiseasesMinistry of Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyMinistry of HealthShanghaiChina

What is already known about this topic?Over 90%of Oncomelania snails,the only intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum,are distributed in the middle and low reaches of Yangtze *** can extend the distribution of Oncomelania snails and hence accelerate the transmission of *** is added by this report?Although the dispersal of Oncomelania snails was negligible in north Poyang Lake after flooding in 2020,2 samples of cattle feces with Schistosoma egg and 2 infected snails samples were indeed *** four risk sites were distributed in Lushan *** feces were observed in the six out of seven field sites in Lushan *** are the implications for public health practice?The present national control strategy focusing on control of infection source should be reinforced in Lushan and other schistosomiasis endemic *** of infected snails and cattle feces with Schistosoma egg were not observed,which called for intensive surveillance in Lushan County.

关键词： hence Yangtze Jiangxi

Visceral Leishmaniasis--China,2015−2019

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China CDC weekly 2020年第33期2卷 625-628页

作者： Zhengbin Zhou Shan Lyu Yi Zhang Yuanyuan Li Shizhu Li Xiao-nong Zhou National Institute of Parasitic diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research/Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyMinistry of Health/WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases/National Center for International Research on Tropical DiseasesMinistry of Science and TechnologyShanghaiChina

What is already known about this topic?Visceral leishmaniasis(VL)is an important vectorborne disease in rural areas of western *** spreading of VL made its prevention and control become more *** is added by this report?The number of VL cases decreased from 2015(n=498)to 2019(n=166).However,the mountain-type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis(MT-ZVL)cases increased from 2015(n=82,16.5%)to 2019(n=122,73.5%).In addition,both number and proportion of imported cases increased from 2015(n=18,3.6%)to 2019(n=41,24.7%).The re-emergence of MT-ZVL was considerable;13 historically-endemic counties reported 48 indigenous *** and young children were the high risk population of VL(848,62.4%)followed by farmers(303,22.3%).What are the implications for public health practice?Both MT-ZVL and imported cases showed an increasing trend in ***,two actions are needed to control VL:1)to prevent re-emergence and spreading of MT-ZVL;and 2)to ensure timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment to avoid fatal VL cases,especially in non-endemic areas.

关键词： prevention diagnosis imported

Imported Malaria Cases--China,2012–2018

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China CDC weekly 2020年第17期2卷 277-284页

作者： Jun Feng Hong Tu Li Zhang Zhigui Xia Shuisen Zhou National Institute of Parasitic diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchKey Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyMinistry of HealthWHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical DiseasesNational Center for International Research on Tropical DiseasesShanghaiChina.

Introduction:In 2017,no indigenous malaria cases were reported in China,but imported malaria was a challenge for the elimination *** study analyzed the status and trends of imported malaria in China from 2012 to 2018 to provide evidence for further strategies and adjustments to current ***:Data on individuals were collected from the Parasitic diseases Information Reporting Management System(PDIRMS)from 2012 to *** species,case classification,temporal distribution,spatial distribution,and source of imported cases were analyzed to investigate imported malaria ***:In total,21,376 malaria cases were recorded in the PDIRMS from 2012 to *** them,20,938(98.0%)cases were imported malaria cases(IMCs).The number and proportion of IMCs increased from 2012(n=2,474,91.0%)to 2018(n=2,511,99.7%).IMCs consisted of 13,510(64.5%)***,4,803(22.9%)***,1,725(8.2%)***,376(1.8%)***,2(0.01%)***,348(1.7%)mixed infections,and 174(0.8%)clinically-diagnosed *** proportion of imported *** cases increased from 2012(n=1403,57.4%)to 2018(n=1655,66.0%),while imported *** cases showed a decreasing trend from 2012(n=901,43.7%)to 2018(n=352,14.0%).IMCs were mainly reported in Yunnan(n=2,922,14.0%),Guangxi(n=2,827,13.5%),and Jiangsu(2,067,9.9%).IMCs were reported throughout the entire year,and the highest number of IMCs was reported in June *** originated from 67 countries from 4 continents,and the largest proportion were from Myanmar(n=3,081,14.7%)and Ghana(n=2,704,12.9%).Conclusion and Implications for Public health Practice:The total number of IMCs increased in ***,two actions are needed to continue the elimination of malaria in China:prevent reestablishment caused by imported *** because Anopheles sinensis is still widely distributed;and ensure timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment to avoid fatal cases caused by imported ***.

关键词： Malaria diagnosis elimination

Imported malaria cases in former endemic and non-malaria endemic areas in China:are there differences in case profile and time to response?

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Infectious diseases of Poverty 2019年第4期8卷 99-100页

作者： Shao-Sen Zhang Jun Feng Li Zhang Xiang Ren Elizabeth Geoffroy Sylvie Manguin Roger Frutos Shui-Sen Zhou National Institute of Parasitic diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchKey Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyMinistry of HealthNational Center for International Research on Tropical DiseasesMinistry of Science and TechnologyWHO Collaborating Center for Tropical DiseasesShanghaiChina 不详

Background:China has achieved zero indigenous malaria case report in ***,along with the increasing of international cooperation development,there is an increasing number of imported malaria cases from Chinese nationals returning from malaria-affeaed *** studies have focused on malaria endemic areas in *** is thus limited information on non-endemic areas in China,especially on the performance of malaria surveillance and response in health ***:A comparative retrospective study was carried out based on routine malaria surveillance data collected from 2013 to *** imported malaria cases reported within the mainland of China were *** used in the comparative analysis between cases in former endemic and former non-endemic areas,included age,gender and occupation,destination of overseas travel,Plasmodium species and patient health *** aggregated data was used to compare seasonal and spatial *** distribution and spatial-temporal aggregation analyses were *** to diagnosis and report,method of diagnosis,and level of reporting/diagnosing health facilities were used to assess performance of health ***:A total of 16733 malaria cases,out of which 90 were fatal,were recorded in 31 *** majority of cases(96.2%)were reported from former malaria endemic areas while 3.8%were reported from former non-malaria endemic *** in the age class from 19 to 59 years and males made the highest proportion of cases in both *** were significant differences between occupational categories in the two areas(P c 0.001).In former endemic areas,the largest proportion of cases was among outdoor workers(80%).Two peaks(June,January)and three peaks(June,September and January)were found in former endemic and former non-endemic areas,*** between the onset of symptoms and diagnosis at clinics was significantly different between the two areas at d

关键词： Imported malaria Non-malaria endemic area Malaria endemic area Surveillance and response health facilities performance

Malaria Diagnosis and Verification--China,2017–2018

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China CDC weekly 2020年第17期2卷 285-288页

作者： Jianhai Yin Li Zhang Jun Feng Shuisen Zhou Zhigui Xia National Institute of Parasitic diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchWHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical DiseasesNational Center for International Research on Tropical DiseasesMinistry of Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyMinistry of HealthShanghaiChina.

What is already known about this topic?Prompt,accurate diagnosis is an essential part of malaria elimination *** malaria diagnosis capacity will be a potential risk for malaria *** is added by this report?health facilities at the county and prefectural levels were the most concentrated facilities for initial diagnosis of malaria(68.2%)and confirmation(76.4%).More than 65%of cases could not be diagnosed within 1 day of onset,and only 89.4%of laboratory-confirmed cases were *** are the implications for public health practice?Malaria health education should be strengthened to improve public awareness and health professionals’vigilance of malaria,thereby shortening the diagnostic *** addition,the capacity of malaria diagnosis,especially Plasmodium speciation,should be improved to ensure accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

关键词： diagnosis Malaria thereby