检索结果-南通市图书馆

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2013年第6期4卷 28-35页

作者： Dhavala Annapurna Ashutosh Srivastava Trilok Singh Rathore tree improvement and Genetics division Institute of Wood Science and Technology Bangalore India.

Embelia ribes Burm f., also known as Vidanga or Baibidanga, belonging to the family of Myrsinaceae, is an important but vulnerable medicinal woody climber. Recent survey and observations of E. ribes in different aspects like distribution, population structure, growth habit, climate, natural regeneration and seedling ecology in Karnataka have been thoroughly discussed. This is the first report on artificial regeneration through seeds of diverse origins in ex-situ and in situ conditions and field planting of them in its natural environment. Field planting of in vitro and nursery raised seedlings showed better field performance in terms of survival and growth in its natural growing areas only. Current studies and observations have shown that this species has low ecological gradient and is a “habitat specialist”. E. ribes being a threatened species with small populations coupled with low ecological gradient and virtually no natural regeneration, a modified approach of quasi in situ conservation where in in-situ raising of seedlings of diverse origin with an aim to enrich the diversity of existing population was attempted with considerable success.

关键词： Embelia ribes Ex-Situ In-Situ Ecological Gradient Habitat Specialist Quasi in Situ

Evaluation of the Efficacy of Essential Oil Extracts in the Control of Termites (Isoptera: Termitidae) in Cashew Orchards in Badikaha (Côte d’Ivoire)

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Advances in Entomology 2024年第2期12卷 93-104页

作者： Adama Coulibaly Magloire Yves Minhibo Charles Konan Kouakou Sylvain Bi Tra Djata Sanogo Lassina Fondio Mudde Barnabas National Agricultural Research Center (CNRA) Korhogo Regional Division Lataha Research Station Cashew Mango Papaya Program Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire Agricultural Production improvement Laboratory Jean Lorougnon Gu&#233d&#233 University Daloa C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire Ngetta Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute National Agricultural Research Organization (NARO) Lira Uganda

Cashew tree has gradually moved from a purely ecological aspect to a socio-economic one, due to the marketing of its nuts. But production per area, estimated at between 424 and 547 kg/ha, remains low, in contrast to India (2nd largest producer) and Vietnam (3rd largest producer), whose yields range from 1000 to 1500 and 2000 to 2500 kg/ha respectively. This low yield is due to a number of factors, among which insect pests are the most damaging. Among these insects, termites are considered to be one of the main pests of cashew trees. The general objective of this study is to contribute to termite management through the use of bioinsecticides, an alternative to the use of chemicals in cashew orchards. Five (5) biological products were tested: Limocide, Carapa oil, Neem oil, Kitana and Kaskara. Among them, two products proved effective, with a mortality rate of over 50%. These were Limocide, whose LC50 was obtained in 24 h at a dose of 3.6 g/ml and 3.1 g/ml , giving a mortality rate of 57.66% ± 4.04% and 51.33 ± 2.08 respectively , and Carapa, at a dose of 4.5 g/ml, with an estimated mortality rate of 52.33% ± 1.52%. Such results have demonstrated the potential application of Limocide and Carapa biopesticides to sustainably control termites in cashew orchards of Côte d’Ivoire.

关键词： Termite Pest Organic Products Cashew tree Côte d’Ivoire

Variability in seed traits and genetic divergence in a clonal seed orchard of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb.

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Forestry Research 2012年第1期23卷 109-114页

作者： Ombir singh Altaf Hussain Sofi Forest tree Seed Laboratory Silviculture DivisionForest Research InstituteDehradun-248006India

The variations in seed and pod traits, genetic superiority and genetic divergence were evaluated for a Clonal Seed Orchard （CSO） of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. at Bithmera, India consisting of 20 clones from different agro-climatic conditions of four northern states （Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Haryana and Rajasthan）. The seeds and pods of various clones in the orchard exhibited significant variability in size, weight and other characters. Significant positive correlations were observed between seed length and seed width （p〈0.05）, seed length and sccd thickness （p〈0.01）, seed length and seed weight （p〈0.01）, seed thickness and seed weight （p〈0.01）, seed length and germination value （p〈0.05）. The ge- netic parameters for seed and pod traits also showed a wide range of variations in the orchard. Heritability values were found to be over 50 percent for most of ~e seed and pod traits. Seed weight, seed length and seed thickness showed high heritability values coupled with maximum genetic gain for these characters. Ward＇s minimum variance dendrogram of clones of D. sissoo showed three distinct clusters; cluster I was the largest with 12 better clones whereas cluster 2 and 3 consisting of seven moderate clones and one poor clone, respectively. Mean cluster values showed sufficient variation among the clusters for seed weight, germina- tion value and seed length. The possible hybridization between best clones of cluster I to the disease resistant clone of cluster 2 （resistant against deadly Gandoderma lucidum root rot disease of D. sissoo） is also suggested for further breeding programmes of the species. The deploy- ment of clone 194 （better performed and disease resistant） is also rec- ommended in future plantation programmes of D. sissoo in northern India.

关键词： clones Dalbergia sissoo divergence seed traits variability

Variation in cone and seed characters in blue pine (Pinus wallichiana) across natural distribution in western Himalayas

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Forestry Research 2012年第2期23卷 235-239页

作者： Ombir Singh Manisha Thapliyal Forest tree Seed Laboratory Silviculture DivisionForest Research InstituteDehradun 248006India

We analyzed 17 seed sources （seed stands） ofPinus wallichiana for variations present in cone and seed characters, scattered over natural distribution in north-west Himalayan states （Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh） of India. The significant variations were observed in cone weight, cone length, cone width, seed length, seed width, seed weight, seed germination, radicle length, and plumule length among different seed sources of the species. Significant positive correlation between seed weight, cone weight and cone width showed that seed weight in the species depend more on the cone size. Seed germination was also positively correlated with seed weight, cone weight and radicle length in the study. The estimates of variability with regard to genetic parameters for seed weight, seed germination, cone length, cone width, cone weight showed wide range of variation in the study. Seed weight showed high heritability values coupled with maximum genetic gain. Traits with such values indicate presence of good amount of heritable additive components and are under strong genetic control. The findings of the study revealed that seed sources expressed both phenotypic and genotypic differences in the seed and cone traits which might be due to the differences in genetic make up of various seed sources and environmental factors i,e. genotypic and environmental interaction, The study suggests that the seed weight should be given the top priority for the further improvement of this species.

关键词： seed sources seed traits heritability genetic gain improve-ment.

Revealing Genetic Relationship and Prospecting of Novel Donors Among Upland Rice Genotypes Using qDTY-Linked SSR Markers

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Rice science 2018年第6期25卷 308-319页

作者： Mitadru MUKHERJEE Barada PADHY Bharathkumar SRINIVASAN Pradosh MAHADANI Sk Yasin BAKSH Ravindra DONDE Onkar Nath SINGH Lambodar BEHERA Padmini SWAIN Sushanta Kumar DASH Crop improvement division ICAR-National Rice Research Institute Departement of Botany Kandaswamy Kandar’s College Crop Physiology and Biochemistry division National Rice Research Institute

A total of 17 simple sequence repeat(SSR) markers linked to QTLs(qDTYs) governing grain yield under reproductive stage(RS) drought stress were used to assess the genetic relationship and prospecting new donors for q DTYs among 32 popular upland rice genotypes. These SSR markers generated a total of 36 alleles with an average allele count of 2.1 per locus. Polymorphic information content value of the markers ranged from 0.376 to 0.662 with an average value of 0.484. The expected heterozyogosity ranged from 0.381 to 0.632. STRUCTURE analysis divided the 32 genotypes into three sub-populations. Subsequent phenotyping revealed that all the tolerant genotypes were grouped into one sub-population, whereas the moderately tolerant and susceptible genotypes were grouped into separate sub-populations. Phylogenetic tree constructed by the unweighted neighbour-joining method also divided the genotypes into three clusters. The grouping pattern of genotypes into the clusters was similar to that into the STRUCTURE analysis, on the basis of drought tolerance level. The average value of genetic dissimilarity coefficient among the genotypes was observed to be 0.486. Furthermore, by combining genotyping data with phenotyping data, 16 new donors for 6 qDTYs were identified.

关键词： drought screening genetic relationship population structure qDTY donor upland rice grain yield

Screening Azadirachta indica tree for enhancing azadirachtin and oil contents in dry areas of Gujarat,India

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Forestry Research 2011年第2期22卷 217-224页

作者： U.K.Tomar G.Singh N.Kaushik Forest Genetics and tree Breeding division Arid Forest Research Institute Forest Ecology division Arid Forest Research Institute Bioresources and Biotechnology division TERIHabitat Place

Azadirachta indica seed samples were collected from four different agro-ecological regions（AERs） viz.,AER-2,AER-4,AER-5A and AER-5B of Gujarat state,India during 2000 to 2002 with an aim to assess variability in azadirachtin,oil and fatty acids content of the seeds and assess correlation of these parameters with morphological ***,oil and fatty acids content indicated significant（p0.01） variations between years and AERs in *** azadirachtin ranged from 142 to 9 527 μg·g-1 seed kernel with an average of 2 426 μg·g-1 for the ***-5B recorded highest azadirachtin and oil *** acid composition was found to be affected by environmental factors particularly varying degree of annual rainfall and temperature during fruit ripening *** trees growing in AER-5B performed better in term of azadirachtin,oil and stearic acid *** girth at breast height showed no significant relation with these biochemicals.

关键词： agro-ecological zones fatty acids girth-class neem seed variability

Population genetic structure and diversity of high value vulnerable medicinal plant Acorus calamus in India using RAPD and chloroplast microsatellite markers

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Forestry Research 2011年第3期22卷 367-377页

作者： H. S. Ginwal Neha Mittal Arvind Tomar V. K. Varshney division of Genetics and tree Propagation Forest Research Institute Dehradun Uttarakhand 248195 India Chemistry of Forest Products division Forest Research Institute Dehradun Uttarakhand 248195 (India)

Acorus calamus is a highly valued medicinal plant with global distribution used in several drugs of health care systems. We evaluated the genetic diversity and population structure of 50 populations of A. calamus from different geographical regions in India through RAPD and chloroplast microsatellite markers. From the total screened 82 RAPD primers and 18 cpSSR primers, 10 RAPD and nine cpSSRs were found polymorphic. The selected 10 RAPD primers produced a total of 96 reproducible bands, out of which 65 were polymorphic （67.70%）. Whereas, the selected nine cpSSR markers produced 26 alleles and all of them were polymorphic. The mean genetic diversity （H T ） among populations using RAPD （H T = 0.263） and cpSSR （H T = 0.530） markers was higher in comparison to the mean genetic diversity within populations. Mean coefficient of gene differentiation （G ST ） between the populations was also high for both RAPD （G ST = 0.830） and cpSSR markers （G ST = 0.735）, whereas the estimated gene flow was very low for RAPD （Nm = 0.102） and for cpSSR （Nm = 0.179）. AMOVA analysis revealed that more genetic variation resided among the populations than within populations. Significant differences （p 0.001） were observed between the populations and individuals within the populations. Cluster analysis of RAPD and cpSSR data using UPGMA algorithm based on Nei’s genetic similarity matrix placed the 50 populations into two main clusters. The implication of the results of this study in devising strategy for conservation of A. calamus is discussed.

关键词： Acorus calamus cpSSR RAPD population structure genetic diversity

Standardization of DNA Extraction Method from Mature Dried Leaves and ISSR-PCR Conditions for Melia dubia Cav. —A Fast Growing Multipurpose tree Species

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第3期7卷 437-445页

作者： Swati Rawat Geeta Joshi D. Annapurna A. N. Arunkumar Nataraja N. Karaba tree improvement and Genetics division Institute of Wood Science and Technology Bengaluru India Department of Crop Physiology University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK Bengaluru India

Melia dubia Cav. of family Meliaceae is a fast growing, high value tree species native to India. Isolating DNA from matured dried leaves of M. dubia was difficult due to accumulation of secondary metabolites, majorly polyphenolics, which resulted in dark brown to black colour of the pellet. In this study, a modified STE-(Sucrose, Tris-HCl and Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic Acid) CTAB (hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide) method was standardized for removal of polyphenolics. The protocol developed yielded 200 - 1000 ng/μl of quality DNA without any impurities as evident by A260/280 ratio ranging from 1.75 - 2.0. It was also suitable for extracting quality DNA from other members of Meliaceae like Azadirachta indica and Melia azedarach. In downstream applications, the extracted DNA was used for PCR amplification by using ISSR and SSR markers. ISSR PCR conditions were optimized in a reaction volume of 25 μl, consisting of 30 ng of template DNA, 1.5 mM MgCl2, 200 μM of each of dNTPs and 2 U of Taq polymerase. The best amplification was observed and the same was applicable for SSR markers.

关键词： DNA Extraction Downstream Applications ISSR Mature Dried Leaves Melia dubia SSR

Genetic Diversity Estimates of Santalum albumL. through Microsatellite Markers: Implications on Conservation

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2019年第3期10卷 462-485页

作者： Tanzeem Fatima Ashutosh Srivastava Vageeshbabu S. Hanur P. V. Somashekar M. Srinivasa Rao Genetics and tree improvement division Institute of Wood Science and Technology Bangalore India division of Biotechnology Indian Institute of Horticultural Research Bangalore India Woodworking division Institute of Wood Science and Technology Bangalore India

Sandalwood (Santalum album L.) is the second most expensive wood in the world. There are approximately 16 species of sandalwood (S. album, S. spicatum, S. austrocaledonicum, S. yasi, S. lanceolatum, S. ellipticum, S. macgregorii, S. insulare) occurring naturally throughout Australia, India, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea and the islands of the South Pacific. In India, S. album is found all over the country, with over 90% of the area in Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh and Telangana state. It is highly economic tropical tree species because of its scented heartwood and heartwood oil. Several causes have been attributed to the depletion of sandalwood population mainly amongst which theft is causing negative effect on the quality of species by constant removal of superior clones. The aim of this study was to determine the genetic diversity of S. album. For this, 177 genotypes of S. album from 14 populations of three states (Karnataka, Telangana state and Kerala) in southern India were selected. The genetic diversity and genetic structure were characterized through 25 SSR markers developed by cross amplification of different species of Sandalwood. Under this study, following genetic diversity parameters were estimated at individual level and population level;Number of alleles (Na) 9.107, Effective number of alleles (Ne) 7.56, Observed heterozygosity (Ho) 0.187, Expected heterozygosity (He) 0.861, Shannon information index (I) 2.03, F statistics 0.89, Polymorphic information content (PIC) 0.87 and Gene flow (Nm) 4.98. The estimates of gene flow among the populations of Kodada Telangana (Nm = 15.109);IWST Karnataka (Nm = 13.62) than across other geographical populations (Nm = 9.40). Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that 3% of the total variation was due to differences among populations and 97% due to differences within the populations. The genetic differentiation among populations (FST) 0.012 at p < 0.001 was significant. Structure clustering at K

关键词： Sandalwood Genetic Diversity Alleles Microsatellite Markers PCA

Carbon sequestration in a bamboo plantation:a case study in a Mediterranean area

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第3期35卷 231-238页

作者： Tommaso Chiti Emanuele Blasi Maria Vincenza Chiriaco Department for Innovation in Biological Agro-Food and Forest Systems(DIBAF)University of TusciaVia San C.De Lellis snc01100 ViterboItaly Foundation Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change(CMCC) Division on Climate Change Impacts on AgricultureForests and Ecosystem Services(IAFES)Via Garbini5101100 ViterboItaly

In the Mediterranean region,despite bamboo being an alien species that can seriously alter plant and ani-mal biocoenosis,the area occupied by bamboo plantations continues to increase,especially for the purpose to seques-ter carbon(C).However,the C dynamics in the soil-plant system when bamboo is grown outside its native area are poorly *** we investigated the C mitigation potential of the fast-growing Moso bamboo(Phyllostachys edulis)introduced in Italy for climate-change *** analyzed aboveground(AGB)and belowground(as root/shoot ratio)biomass,litter and soil organic C(SOC)at O-15-and 15-30-cm depths in a 4-year-old bamboo plantation in comparison with the former annual cropland on which the bamboo was *** have an idea of the maximum C stored at an ecosystem level,a natural forest adjacent the two sites was also *** the plantation,C accumulation as AGB was stimulated,with 14.8±3.1 Mg C ha^(-1) stored in 3 years;because thinning was done to remove culms from the first year,the mean sequestration rate was 4.9 Mg C ha^(-1) a^(-1).The sequestration rates were high but comparable to other fast-growing tree species in Italy(e.g.,Pinus nigra).SOC was significantly higher in the bamboo plantation than in the cropland only at the 0-15 cm depth,but SOC stock did not *** 4 years were not enough time for a clear increase in SOC,or the high nutrient uptake by bamboos might have depleted the soil nutrients,thus inhibiting the soil organic matter formation by *** comparison,the natural forest had significantly higher C levels in all the *** C dynamics at an ecosystem level,the bamboo plantation on the former annual cropland led to substantial C removal from the atmosphere(about 12 Mg C ha^(-1) a^(-1)).However,despite the promising C sequestration rates by bamboo,its introduction should be carefully considered due to potential ecological problems caused by this species in overexploited environments such as the Med

关键词： Carbon sequestration Climate change mitigation Mediterranean area Moso bamboo Soil organic carbon