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Estimation of genetic parameters on growth characteristics of a 35-year-old Pinus koraiensis progeny trial in South Korea

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第5期32卷 2227-2236页

作者： Kyungmi Lee In Sik Kim Seok Woo Lee division of Forest tree improvement Department of Forest BioresourcesNational Institute of Forest ScienceSuwonRepublic of Korea

The effects of genetic and environmental factors on Pinus koraiensis growth were studied based on a35 year-old progeny trial composed of open-pollinated offspring of twenty-one plus ***,DBH and volume of the offspring was analyzed using restricted maximum likelihood/best linear unbiased prediction in mixed model *** site and family effects on the three traits were *** distinct growth of offspring by site with disparate climates corroborated the importance of planting species in suitable *** differences by family was significant,emphasizing the importance of identifying families with either superior or inferior *** parental ranking was assigned in the sites,inferring the breeding value of each plus *** estimates of individual heritability(h_(i)^(2))of height,DBH and volume growth were 0.169-0.645,0.108-0.331 and 0.129-0.343 respectively,with higher h_(i)^(2) of the height than DBH on each *** of variance of genetic effect was higher with DBH in some cases,indicating the scope for selection is larger for this trait despite the lower heritability compared to *** the variation between families in terms of the performance stability across sites,consideration of the genotype by environment interaction is required in selecting materials to be used in reforestation with Korean pine.A few families with either superior or inferior performance retained their parental ranking for at least a *** families with increased growth on a particular site were identified,indicating their high breeding value and low *** in the genetic performance of the families by site requires delineation of the breeding region of the species.

关键词： Pinus koraiensis Genetic parameters Genotype by environment interaction tree improvement Progeny trial

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Integrated assessment of adventitious rhizogenesis in Eucalyptus : root quality index and rooting dynamics

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第6期31卷 2145-2161页

作者： Romeet Saha Harish Singh Ginwal Girish Chandra Santan Barthwal division of Genetics and tree improvement Forest Research InstituteDehra DunUttarakhand 248195India Statistics division ICFREForest Research InstituteDehra DunUttarakhand 248006India

Clonal propagation of eucalypts has considerable importance due to the increasing demands for short rotation tree *** quality is important as it governs the soil exploitation capacity of the plant and the anchorage of trees which are susceptible to wind *** study assesses the quality of adventitious rooting by coppice cuttings of commercially important Eucalyptus clones using multiple attribute ranking of the diff erences in parameters of root *** eff ects of diff erent concentrations of indole-3-butyric acid(IBA)on root development were *** were treated with 500,1000,4000,6000 mg L−1 IBA and tannic acid for 10 s,2 h and 24 *** length of root systems,number of roots,shoot to root ratios,number of root segments,extent of forking,rooting percentage,average root diameters,and number of root tips were *** relational analysis was used to create a comparability sequence to rank *** the concentration of auxin(IBA)and increasing the length of exposure produced better quality roots in Eucalyptus camaldulensis and interspecifi c hybrids(reciprocal hybrids of *** and ***),while the opposite was observed with *** clones.A root quality index was proposed,based on the Dickson quality index for the assessment of root system characteristics and considered total mass,shoot:root ratios,total length of root systems,and average root *** has the advantage of implementation convenience.A positive correlation was obtained between grey relational analysis grades and root quality *** dynamics were studied by evaluating the total length of the root system at seven-day intervals and plotting daily current and medium increments using regression *** curves showed the variation in growth rates among the diff erent clones,and their intersection gave the optimal time of permanence(time at which further growth is restricted)which varied *** highest daily cu

关键词： IBA Eucalyptus Rooting dynamics Root quality Grey-relational analysis

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Does litterfall from native trees support rainfed agriculture? Analysis of Ficus trees in agroforestry systems of southern dry agroclimatic zone of Karnataka, southern India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第2期24卷 333-338页

作者： B. Dhanya Syam Viswanath Seema Purushothaman tree improvement and Propagation division Institute of Wood Science and Technology College of Agriculture University of Agricultural Sciences Centre for Environment and Development Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment

trees of the genus Ficus, integral components of indigenous rainfed agro-ecosystems of the southern dry agro-climatic zone of Karnataka, southern India, have traditionally been associated with the ecological service of soil quality enhancement in addition to various direct use benefits. We assessed the soil enrichment service of Ficus benghalensis L. a common Ficus species in these agroforestry systems, by quantifying nutrient return via litter fall. Litterfall estimation and chemical analysis of litter showed that F. benghalensis trees produce 3,512 kg ha-1 of litter annually which, on decomposition, can satisfy up to 76.70 % of N, 20.24% of P and 67.76% of K requirements of dryland crops annually per hectare. This can lead to an avoided cost of compost of US $ 36.46 ha-1·a-1 in dryland farming systems. The slow rate of decay of Ficus litter, as revealed in litter decomposition studies indicates its potential as ideal mulch for dryland soils. We discuss the complementarity between Ficus litterfall and cropping patterns in Mandya, and its implications for rainfed agricultural systems.

关键词： soil enrichment litter traps litter bags litter decomposition complementarity

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Effects of deforestation on microbial diversity in a Siberian larch(Larix sibirica) stand in Mongolia

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第5期30卷 1885-1893页

作者： Jun Won Kang Yeong Dae Park division of Forest tree improvement National Institute of Forest ScienceSuwonGyeonggi 16631Republic of Korea Department of Forest Resources Daegu UniversityGyeongbuk 38453Republic of Korea

For evaluating microbial community changes in a Siberian larch stand disturbed by forest fire or clearcutting,357 clones were randomly selected and sequenced using a culture-independent approach and 16S rRNA sequencing to characterize the bacterial composition and diversity from the different disturbed Siberian larch ***,the burned larch stand had an increase in the relative amounts of b-proteobacteria and Firmicutes and a decrease in Acidobacteria,while Gemmatimonadetes increased Verrucomicrobia decreased in the harvested larch *** diversity and richness were higher in the undisturbed larch stand than the disturbed(burned or clear-cut)larch stands,and the influence of clear-cutting was more negative than that of the forest *** study indicates that evaluating the microbial diversity of undisturbed,burned,and clear-cutting Siberian larch stands provides information about the impact of forest disturbances on soil microbial communities,which may be helpful for understanding and evaluating soil health and devising reafforestation strategies for larch.

关键词： Forest fire Forest health Harvest Microbial diversity Reafforestation Siberian Larch(Larix sibirica) Soil microbiome

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Estimating wood quality attributes from dense airborne LiDAR point clouds

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第2期11卷 226-235页

作者： Nicolas Cattaneo Stefano Puliti Carolin Fischer Rasmus Astrup Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research(NIBIO) Division of Forest and Forest ResourcesHøgskoleveien 81433ÅsNorway

Mapping individual tree quality parameters from high-density LiDAR point clouds is an important step towards improved forest *** present a novel machine learning-based workflow that uses individual tree point clouds from drone laser scanning to predict wood quality indicators in standing *** object reconstruction methods,our approach is based on simple metrics computed on vertical slices that summarize information on point distances,angles,and geometric attributes of the space between and around the *** models use these slice metrics as predictors and achieve high accuracy for predicting the diameter of the largest branch per log (DLBs) and stem diameter at different heights (DS) from survey-grade drone laser *** show that our models are also robust and accurate when tested on suboptimal versions of the data generated by reductions in the number of points or emulations of suboptimal single-tree segmentation *** approach provides a simple,clear,and scalable solution that can be adapted to different situations both for research and more operational mapping.

关键词： UAV laser scanning Wood quality Machine learning Point cloud metrics

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Flexible bronchoscopy for foreign body aspiration in children:A single-centre experience

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第2期13卷 127-134页

作者： Aleh Sautin Kirjl Marakhouski Aleh Pataleta Kirill Sanfirau Diagnostic division Republican Scientific and Practical Centre of Paediatric SurgeryMinsk 220013Belarus

BACKGROUND The technological evolution of bronchoscopy has led to the widespread adoption of flexible techniques and their use for both diagnostic and therapeutic ***,there is an active debate regarding the comparative efficacy and safety of rigid vs flexible bronchoscopy in the treatment of foreign body *** To evaluate our experience with tracheobronchial foreign body extraction using flexible bronchoscopy and provide a literature *** This was a single-centre retrospective ***-four patients were enrolled between January 2017 and January *** records of patients aged below 18 years who were admitted to authors’affiliated institution with a suspected diagnosis of foreign body aspiration were collected from hospital’s database to Microsoft Excel *** were analysed using MedCalc Statistical *** Patient ages varied from 9 months to 11 *** median age was 23.5 months,95%confidence interval(CI)*** observed age clustering in children with foreign body aspiration at our institution with three age subgroups:(1)0-25 months;(2)40-60 months;and(3)120-140 *** expectancy of an organic tracheobronchial foreign body was significantly higher in 0-25 months subgroup than that in older ones when subgroups 40-60 and 120-140 months were combined together(odds ratio=10.0,95%CI:1.44-29.26,P=0.0197).Successful foreign body extraction was performed in all *** to a rigid bronchoscope was not required in any of the *** major complications(massive bleeding,tracheobronchial tree perforation,or asphyxia)were *** Flexible bronchoscopy is an effective and safe method for tracheobronchial foreign body extraction in children.

关键词： Foreign body aspiration Tracheobronchial foreign body Paediatric bronchoscopy Flexible bronchoscopy Rigid bronchoscopy

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Morphological parameters and genetic diversity of progenies from seed production areas and unimproved stands of teak(Tectona grandis L.f.)in India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第4期24卷 653-658页

作者： N.Lyngdoh Geeta Joshi G.Ravikanth R.Vasudeva R.Uma Shaanker tree improvement and Propagation division Institute of Wood Sciences and Technology 18th Cross MalleswaramBangalore School of Ecology and Conservation University of Agricultural Sciences Banga- lore 560065India Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment Royal Enclave SrirampuraJakkur PostBangalore- 560064India Department of Forest Biology and tree improvement College of Forestry Sirsi581401KarnatakaIndia Department of Crop Physiology University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore 560065India

We compared morphological and genetic attributes of prog- eny obtained from three seed production areas （SPAs） and three corre- sponding unimproved stands （UIS） of teak （Tectona grandis L.f） at three broad teak growing regions in the state of Karnataka, India. In general, seed morphological parameters such as seed weight, seed size and seed emptiness were significantly superior in SPAs compared to UISs. Seed germination percentage was also higher in seeds from SPAs. Seedling performance measured at two monthly intervals for six months was ob- served to be superior in SPAs at two of the three regions compared. Although the genetic diversity of progeny of SPAs was lower than UIS at all regions, the values were moderately high. Germination percent was positively correlated with fruit weight and kernel weight per seed, while diversity indices were negatively correlated with fruit weight, fruit di- ameter and kernel weight per seed. SPAs proved important as a source of moderately improved planting material with no severe threat to the ge- netic diversity of future plantations.

关键词： ISSR tree improvement Shannon index teak plantations percent polymorphism

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Species diversity, regeneration and dominance as influenced by canopy gaps and their characteristics in tropical evergreen forests of Western Ghats, India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第4期27卷 799-810页

作者： Guddappa Mahalingappa Devagiri Anil Kumar Khaple Siddagangaiah Mohan Puttanaik Venkateshamurthy Sanjay Tomar Arkalgud Nagaraja Arunkumar Geeta Joshi Department of Natural Resource Management College of Forestry University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences Department of Horticulture College of AgricultureUniversity of Agricultural Sciences ICRAF-South Asia NASC Pusa Campus division of tree improvement Institute of Wood Science and Technology

Canopy gaps play a significant role in maintaining structure and composition of tropical forests. This study was carried out in tropical evergreen forests of central Western Ghats in India to understand the influence of canopy gap size and the relationship of gap regime attributes to diversity measures and regeneration. The average gap size in the study area was found to be 396 m2 and around half of gaps were 4–8 years old. Gaps created by natural single tree fall were smaller in size but significantly higher in number. Diversity and regeneration of woody species were compared with canopy gaps and intact vegetation. Species richness and diversity was higher in gaps than in intact vegetation. Macaranga peltata, a shade intolerant species dominated gaps while intact vegetation was dominated by shade tolerant Kingiodendron *** size significantly influenced species diversity and regeneration. Gap area and age were significantly and negatively correlated with diversity measures but positively correlated with regeneration. Among all the attributes of gaps, regeneration was significantly positively correlated with light intensity. Gaps maintained species diversity and favored regeneration of woody species. In addition to gap size and age, other gap ecological attributes also affected species diversity and regeneration.

关键词： canopy forests regeneration dominance tropical woody vegetation intact Species dominated

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Variability in cone,seed and seedling characteristics of Pinus kesiya Royle ***

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第2期26卷 331-337页

作者： Ombir Singh Satyam Bordoloi N.Mahanta Forest tree Seed Laboratory Silviculture DivisionForest Research Institute Biotechnology and Genetics division Rain Forest Research Institute

Investigations were made to determine the nature and extent of variations present for 10 morphological characters of cone,seed and seedlings of 17 plus trees（PTs）of Pinus kesiya growing in eastern Himalayas（Meghalaya state） of *** significant variations has been observed in cone weight,cone length,cone diameter,seed length,seed diameter,seed weight,number of seeds per cone,seed germination,seedling height and seedling collar diameter among different PTs of the *** positive correlation（p ／ 0.01） between seed weight,cone length and cone diameter showed that seed weight in *** depend more on the cone *** germination is found positively correlated（p ／ 0.01） with seed weight,seed diameter,cone size and number of seeds per cone in the *** geographical factors,latitude and altitude are found positively correlated（p ／ 0.05） with cone weight and seed diameter,*** genetic parameters for seed,cone and seedlings of PTs of *** also showed a wide range of variability in terms of variance,coefficient of variability,broad sense heritability,genetic advance and genetic *** weight,seeds per cone and seedling diameter showed high heritability values（[75） coupled with maximum genetic *** with such values indicate the presence of good amount of heritable additive components and are under strong genetic *** findings of the study revealed that PTs expressed both phenotypic and genotypic differences in the seed,cone and seedling characters,which may be attributed to the differences in genetic makeup of various PTs and environmental factors *** and environmental *** presence of high variability in *** PTs for different characters provide further opportunities to improve the population in subsequent generations so as to establish this species as an important timber tree to be grown on less fertile and degraded soils in its distributional ranges.

关键词： Plus trees Seed traits Heritability Genetic gain improvement

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<i>In Vitro</i>Plant Regeneration of <i>Dendrocalamus stocksii</i>(Munro) M. Kumar, Remesh &Unnikrisnan, through Somatic Embryogenesis

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第12期9卷 2429-2445页

作者： P. V. Somashekar T. S. Rathore Tanzeem Fatima Genetics and tree improvement division Institute of Wood Science and Technology Bangalore India

Dendrocalamus stocksii is fast cultivating economically important forest crop species. National Mission of Bamboo Application (NMBA) of India has been identified in 15 industrially important bamboo species. Traditionally it was propagated through by offset cuttings and rhizome splitting which was not meeting the demand, culm cuttings needed mass material to propagate and rooting percentage mixed. Plant regeneration through somatic embryogenesis was achieved in callus cultures derived from the callus initiated through type of explants viz. leaf, leaf sheath, shoot tip, nodal shoot segments, and inter node segments from aseptic cultures. Explants were cultured on Murashige & Skoog basal media supplemented with 2,4 Dichloro diphenyle ethane 0.44 μM/L with additives (Ascorbic acid 8.8 μM/L, citric acid 4.8 μM/L Cysteine 3.02 μM/L and Glutamine 14.6 μM/L) with 3% sucrose and Agar agar 0.6%. Cultures were incubated in the dark at 25°C ± 1°C. Out of five types of explants nodal shoot induced callus > 80% followed by leaf sheath (60%) and no callus was induced in leaf. Various nutrient media viz. Murashige and Skoog (MS), Woody Plant Media (WP), Gamborg media (B5) and Heller’s (HE) media fortified with 2,4 D (0.2 - 1.10 μM/L) and Kinetin 0.10 μM/L were tested for high frequency callus induction. Among four nutrient media tested MS media fortified with 2,4 D (0.55 - 1.1 μM/L) 100% callus induction. Calli multiplication was carried out with various concentrations of PGR’s with 10% coconut milk. Out of these MS media 2,4 D 0.55 μM /L and 10% coconut milk concentration were found best for high frequency (80%) calli multiplication. Various combinations of α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) with N6-benzyiaminopurine (BAP) and kinetin were tested for embryo germination, out of which MS media supplemented with NAA 0.55 μM /L and BAP 0.22 μM /L were showed high frequency (80%) germination. Germinated plantlets carefully transferred to polybags containing potting mixture of sand

关键词： Dendrocalamus stocksii Somatic Embryogenesis 2 4 D BAP Kinetin NAA

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