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Impact of exercise on markers of B cell-related immunity:A systematic review

Journal of Sport and Health science 2024年第3期13卷 339-352,I0002页

作者： David Walzik Sergen Belen Karen Wilisch Marie Kupjetz Silvana Kirschke Tobias Esser Niklas Joisten Alexander Schenk Sebastian Proschinger Philipp Zimmer division of Performance and Health(Sports Medicine) Institute for Sport and Sport ScienceTU Dortmund UniversityDortmund 44227Germany

Background:B cells represent a crucial component of adaptive immunity that ensures long-term protection from infection by generating pathogen-specific immunoglobulins.Exercise alters B cell counts and immunoglobulin levels,but evidence-based conclusions on potential benefits for adaptive immunity are lacking.This systematic review assessed current literatures on the impact of acute exercise and exercise training on B cells,immunoglobulins,and markers of secretory immunity in human biofluids.Methods:According to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)guidelines,MEDLINE,Web of science,and Embase were searched on March 8,2023.Non-randomized controlled trials and crossover trials investigating the impact of acute exercise or exercise training on B cell counts and proportions,immunoglobulin levels,salivary flow rate,or secretory immunoglobulin A secretion rate were included.Quality and reporting of exercise training studies were assessed using the Tool for the Assessment of Study Quality and reporting in Exercise.Study characteristics,outcome measures,and statistically significant changes were summarized tabularly.Results:Of the 67 eligible studies,22 applied acute exercise and 45 applied exercise training.All included outcomes revealed significant alterations over time in acute exercise and exercise training context,but only a few investigations showed significant differences compared to control conditions.Secretory and plasma immunoglobulin A levels were most consistently increased in response to exercise training.Conclusion:B cell-related outcomes are altered by acute exercise and exercise training,but evidence-based conclusions cannot be drawn with high confidence due to the large heterogeneity in populations and exercise modalities.Well-designed trials with large sample sizes are needed to clarify how exercise shapes B cell-related immunity.

关键词： Antibody B-lymphocyte Exercise Humoral immunity Immune system

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Chronic effects of stretching on range of motion with consideration of potential moderating variables:A systematic review with meta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and Health science 2024年第2期13卷 186-194页

作者： Andreas Konrad Shahab Alizadeh Abdolhamid Daneshjoo Saman Hadjizadeh Anvar Andrew Graham Ali Zahiri Reza Goudini Chris Edwards Carina Scharf David George Behm Institute of Human movement science Sport and HealthGraz UniversityGraz A-8010Austria School of Human Kinetics and Recreation Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John’sNL A1C 5S7Canada Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises Faculty of Sport SciencesShahid Bahonar University of KermanKerman 76169-13439Iran

Background:It is well known that stretch training can induce prolonged increases in joint range of motion(ROM).However,to date more information is needed regarding which training variables might have greater influence on improvements in flexibility.Thus,the purpose of this metaanalysis was to investigate the effects of stretch training on ROM in healthy participants by considering potential moderating variables,such as stretching technique,intensity,duration,frequency,and muscles stretched,as well as sex-specific,age-specific,and/or trained state-specific adaptations to stretch training.Methods:We searched through PubMed,Scopus,Web of science,and SportDiscus to find eligible studies and,finally,assessed the results from 77 studies and 186 effect sizes by applying a random-effect meta-analysis.Moreover,by applying a mixed-effect model,we performed the respective subgroup analyses.To find potential relationships between stretch duration or age and effect sizes,we performed a meta-regression.Results:We found a significant overall effect,indicating that stretch training can increase ROM with a moderate effect compared to the controls(effect size=-1.002;Z=-12.074;95%confidence interval:-1.165 to-0.840;p<0.001;I^(2)=74.97).Subgroup analysis showed a significant difference between the stretching techniques(p=0.01)indicating that proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and static stretching produced greater ROM than did ballistic/dynamic stretching.Moreover,there was a significant effect between the sexes(p=0.04),indicating that females showed higher gains in ROM compared to males.However,further moderating analysis showed no significant relation or difference.Conclusion:When the goal is to maximize ROM in the long term,proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation or static stretching,rather than ballistic/dynamic stretching,should be applied.Something to consider in future research as well as sports practice is that neither volume,intensity,nor frequency of stretching were found to play a significant role in ROM yields.

关键词： Flexibility Long-term stretching Stretch training

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A multiple flame-retardant,early fire-warning,and highly sensitive thread-shaped all-fabric-based piezoresistive sensor

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science China(Technological sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 1151-1159页

作者： LI WeiBiao ZHANG Shuai MA ShuQi WANG JiaCheng WANG Huan YANG QiRong SONG YongTao ZHU Jie North China Institute of Aerospace Engineering Langfang 065000China Langfang Fire and Rescue division of Hebei Province Langfang 065000China School of Information science and Engineering Xinjiang College of Science and TechnologyKorla 841000China

In the artificial intelligence age,multifunctional and intelligent fireproof fabric-based electronics are urgently needed.Herein,a novel thread-shaped all-fabric-based piezoresistive sensor(denoted as TAFPS)with properties such as flame retardancy,firewarning,and piezoresistivity is proposed,which is composed of an inner nickel-plated fabric electrode,a multifunctional double helix fabric,and an external flame-retardant encapsulation fabric.Owing to the multiple flame-retardant properties of glass fiber tubular fabric,aminated carbon nanotubes(ACNTs),and ammonium polyphosphate,the char residue of the TAFPS reaches40.3 wt%at 800℃.In addition,the heat-sensitive effect of ACNTs during combustion causes a rapid decrease in the TAFPS resistance,triggering the fire alarm system within 2 s.Additionally,benefiting from the force-sensitive behavior of the double helix layer and tightly wrapped pattern of the external heat-shrinkable tubular fabric,TAFPS demonstrated a high sensitivity of4.40 kPa^(-1)(0–5.81 k Pa)and good stability for 10000 s.Considering its excellent flame resistance,high sensitivity,and agreeable stability,the developed TAFPS can be integrated into fire suits to monitor the exercise training process and the external fire environment.This work offers a novel approach for fabricating all-fabric-based piezoresistive sensors in the future for fire prevention and fire alarms,with promising applications in fire protection,the Internet of Things,and smart apparel.

关键词： all-fabric piezoresistive sensor multiple flame retardancy agile fire-warning high sensitivity

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Suppressive effects of exercise-conditioned serum on cancer cells:A narrative review of the influence of exercise mode,volume,and intensity

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Journal of Sport and Health science 2024年第4期13卷 484-498,F0003页

作者： Francesco Bettariga Dennis R.Taaffe Daniel A.Galvao Chris Bishop Jin-Soo Kim Robert U.Newton Exercise Medicine Research Institute Edith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWA 6027Australia School of Medical and Health sciences Edith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWA 6027Australia London Sport Institute School of Science and TechnologyMiddlesex UniversityLondonNW44BTUK School of Human movement and Nutrition sciences University of QueenslandSt.LuciaQLD 4072Australia

Cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide,and the incidence is increasing,highlighting the need for effective strategies to treat this disease.Exercise has emerged as fundamental therapeutic medicine in the management of cancer,associated with a lower risk of recur-rence and increased survival.Several avenues of research demonstrate reduction in growth,proliferation,and increased apoptosis of cancer cells,including breast,prostate,colorectal,and lung cancer,when cultured by serum collected after exercise in vitro(i.e.,the cultivation of cancer cell lines in an experimental setting,which simpliﬁes the biological system and provides mechanistic insight into cell responses).The underlying mechanisms of exercise-induced cancer suppressive effects may be attributed to the alteration in circulating factors,such as skeletal muscle-induced cytokines(i.e.,myokines)and hormones.However,exercise-induced tumor suppressive effects and detailed information about training interventions are not well investigated,constraining more precise application of exercise medicine within clinical oncology.To date,it remains unclear what role different training modes(i.e.,resistance and aerobic training)as well as volume and intensity have on exercise-condi-tioned serum and its effects on cancer cells.Nevertheless,the available evidence is that a single bout of aerobic training at moderate to vigorous intensity has cancer suppressive effects,while for chronic training interventions,exercise volume appears to be an inﬂuential candidate driving cancer inhibitory effects regardless of training mode.Insights for future research investigating training modes,volume and intensity are provided to further our understanding of the effects of exercise-conditioned serum on cancer cells.

关键词： Cancer cells High intensity interval training Moderate intensity continuous training Resistance training Myokines

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Older Adult Compendium of Physical Activities:Energy costs of human activities in adults aged 60 and older

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Journal of Sport and Health science 2024年第1期13卷 13-17,F0003页

作者： Erik A.Willis Stephen D.Herrmann Mary Hastert Chelsea L.Kracht Tiago V.Barreira John M.Schuna Jr. Zhenghua Cai Minghui Quan Scott A.Conger Wendy J.Brown Barbara E.Ainsworth Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research The University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA division of Physical Activity and Weight Management Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Clinical science division Pennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLA 70808USA Exercise science Department Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY 13244USA School of Exercise&Sport science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Department of Kinesiology Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA School of Human movement and Nutrition sciences The University of QueenslandSt.LuciaQLD 4072Australia Faculty of Health sciences and Medicine Bond UniversityGold CoastQLD 4229Australia College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA

Purpose:To describe the development of a Compendium for estimating the energy costs of activities in adults>60 years(OA Compendium).Methods:Physical activities(PAs)and their metabolic equivalent of task(MET)values were obtained from a systematic search of studies published in 4 sport and exercise databases(PubMed,Embase,SPORTDiscus(EBSCOhost),and Scopus)and a review of articles included in the 2011 Adult Compendium that measured PA in older adults.MET values were computed as the oxygen cost(VO_(2),mL/kg/min)during PA divided by 2.7 m L/kg/min(MET_(60+))to account for the lower resting metabolic rate in older adults.Results:We identified 68 articles and extracted energy expenditure data on 427 PAs.From these,we derived 99 unique Specific Activity codes with corresponding MET_(60+)values for older adults.We developed a website to present the OA Compendium MET_(60+)values:https://pacompendium.com.Conclusion:The OA Compendium uses data collected from adults>60 years for more accurate estimation of the energy cost of PAs in older adults.It is an accessible resource that will allow researchers,educators,and practitioners to find MET_(60+)values for older adults for use in PA research and practice.

关键词： Energy expenditure Exercise MET Older adults

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Analysis of the effect of the 2021 Semeru eruption on water vapor content and atmospheric particles using GNSS and remote sensing

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第1期15卷 33-41页

作者： Mokhamad Nur Cahyadi Arizal Bawasir Syachrul Arief Amien Widodo Meifal Rusli Deni Kusumawardani Yessi Rahmawati Ana Martina Putra Maulida Hilda Lestiana Department of Geomatics Engineering Institut Teknologi Sepuluh NopemberSurabaya 60111Indonesia Research Center of Marine and Earth science-Technology Directorate of Research and Community ServiceInstitut Teknologi Sepuluh NopemberSurabaya 60111Indonesia Geospatial Education and training division Geospatial Information Agency(BIG)Cibinong 16911Indonesia Department of Geophysics Engineering Institut Teknologi Sepuluh NopemberSurabaya 60111Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Andalas UniversityPadang City 25175Indonesia Department of Economics Airlangga UniversitySurabaya 60286Indonesia Research Center for Geological Resources National Research and Innovation AgencyJakarta 10340Indonesia

Mount Semeru,an active volcano in East Java,Indonesia,erupted on December 4,2021,following extreme rainfall that caused an avalanche of hot pyroclastic flows and lava.The tropospheric conditions and dominant particle components in the atmosphere can be monitored using Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)technology and remote sensing satellites.GNSS signal propagation delay in Precise Point Positioning(PPP)processing can be used to determine Zenith Tropospheric Delay(ZTD)and Precipitable Water Vapor(PWV)variables so that atmospheric conditions can be generated.In addition,by using remote sensing satellite data,it is possible to obtain rainfall data with high temporal resolution as well as the dominant particle and gas content values during eruptions.During the eruption period,the high value of PWV was dominated by the high intensity of precipitation during the rainy season.High rainfall before the eruption caused activity inside the mountain to increase,which occurred in avalanche type eruption.Apart from that,the atmosphere around Semeru was also dominated by SO_(2)content,which spreaded for tens of kilometers.SO_(2)content began to be detected significantly by remote sensing sensors on December 7,2021.In this study,deformation and atmospheric monitoring were also carried out using low-cost GNSS at the Semeru Monitoring Station on September 9-15,2022.The results of the ZTD and ZWD values show the dominance of the wet component,which is directly proportional to rainfall activity in this period.

关键词： Semeru GNSS Water vapor Rainfall SO_(2)

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Defect Detection Model Using Time Series Data Augmentation and Transformation

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 1713-1730页

作者： Gyu-Il Kim Hyun Yoo Han-Jin Cho Kyungyong Chung Department of Computer science Kyonggi UniversitySuwon-si16227Korea Contents Convergence Software Research Institue Kyonggi UniversitySuwon-si16227Korea Department of Energy IT Engineering Far East UniversityEumsung-gun27601Korea division of AI Computer science and Engineering Kyonggi UniversitySuwon-si16227Korea

Time-series data provide important information in many fields,and their processing and analysis have been the focus of much research.However,detecting anomalies is very difficult due to data imbalance,temporal dependence,and noise.Therefore,methodologies for data augmentation and conversion of time series data into images for analysis have been studied.This paper proposes a fault detection model that uses time series data augmentation and transformation to address the problems of data imbalance,temporal dependence,and robustness to noise.The method of data augmentation is set as the addition of noise.It involves adding Gaussian noise,with the noise level set to 0.002,to maximize the generalization performance of the model.In addition,we use the Markov Transition Field(MTF)method to effectively visualize the dynamic transitions of the data while converting the time series data into images.It enables the identification of patterns in time series data and assists in capturing the sequential dependencies of the data.For anomaly detection,the PatchCore model is applied to show excellent performance,and the detected anomaly areas are represented as heat maps.It allows for the detection of anomalies,and by applying an anomaly map to the original image,it is possible to capture the areas where anomalies occur.The performance evaluation shows that both F1-score and Accuracy are high when time series data is converted to images.Additionally,when processed as images rather than as time series data,there was a significant reduction in both the size of the data and the training time.The proposed method can provide an important springboard for research in the field of anomaly detection using time series data.Besides,it helps solve problems such as analyzing complex patterns in data lightweight.

关键词： Defect detection time series deep learning data augmentation data transformation

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Unified deep learning model for predicting fundus fluorescein angiography image from fundus structure image

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health sciences 2024年第3期17卷 105-113页

作者： Yiwei Chen Yi He Hong Ye Lina Xing Xin Zhang Guohua Shi Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou 215163P.R.China School of Biomedical Engineering(Suzhou) Division of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026P.R.China Center for Excellence in Brain science and Intelligence Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031P.R.China

The prediction of fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA)images from fundus structural images is a cutting-edge research topic in ophthalmological image processing.Prediction comprises estimating FFA from fundus camera imaging,single-phase FFA from scanning laser ophthalmoscopy(SLO),and three-phase FFA also from SLO.Although many deep learning models are available,a single model can only perform one or two of these prediction tasks.To accomplish three prediction tasks using a unified method,we propose a unified deep learning model for predicting FFA images from fundus structure images using a supervised generative adversarial network.The three prediction tasks are processed as follows:data preparation,network training under FFA supervision,and FFA image prediction from fundus structure images on a test set.By comparing the FFA images predicted by our model,pix2pix,and CycleGAN,we demonstrate the remarkable progress achieved by our proposal.The high performance of our model is validated in terms of the peak signal-to-noise ratio,structural similarity index,and mean squared error.

关键词： Fundus fluorescein angiography image fundus structure image image translation unified deep learning model generative adversarial networks

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Computed tomography-based radiomics to predict early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma post-hepatectomy in patients background on cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第15期30卷 2128-2142页

作者： Gui-Xiang Qian Zi-Ling Xu Yong-Hai Li Jian-Lin Lu Xiang-Yi Bu Ming-Tong Wei Wei-Dong Jia Department of Hepatic Surgery Anhui Provincial HospitalThe First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Science and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230001Anhui ProvinceChina Department of Hepatic Surgery Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical UniversityAnhui Medical UniversityHefei 230001Anhui ProvinceChina Department of Anorectal Surgery the First People’s Hospital of HefeiHefei 230001Anhui ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The prognosis for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in the presence of cirrhosis is unfavourable,primarily attributable to the high incidence of recurrence.AIM To develop a machine learning model for predicting early recurrence(ER)of posthepatectomy HCC in patients with cirrhosis and to stratify patients’overall survival(OS)based on the predicted risk of recurrence.METHODS In this retrospective study,214 HCC patients with cirrhosis who underwent curative hepatectomy were examined.Radiomics feature selection was conducted using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and recursive feature elimination methods.Clinical-radiologic features were selected through univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.Five machine learning methods were used for model comparison,aiming to identify the optimal model.The model’s performance was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curve[area under the curve(AUC)],calibration,and decision curve analysis.Additionally,the Kaplan-Meier(K-M)curve was used to evaluate the stratification effect of the model on patient OS.RESULTS Within this study,the most effective predictive performance for ER of post-hepatectomy HCC in the background of cirrhosis was demonstrated by a model that integrated radiomics features and clinical-radiologic features.In the training cohort,this model attained an AUC of 0.844,while in the validation cohort,it achieved a value of 0.790.The K-M curves illustrated that the combined model not only facilitated risk stratification but also exhibited significant discriminatory ability concerning patients’OS.CONCLUSION The combined model,integrating both radiomics and clinical-radiologic characteristics,exhibited excellent performance in HCC with cirrhosis.The K-M curves assessing OS revealed statistically significant differences.

关键词： Machine learning Radiomics Hepatocellular carcinoma Cirrhosis Early recurrence Overall survival Computed tomography Prognosis Risk factor Delta-radiomics

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Distributions of Visual Receptive Fields from Retinotopic to Craniotopic Coordinates in the Lateral Intraparietal Area and Frontal Eye Fields of the Macaque

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第2期40卷 171-181页

作者： Lin Yang Min Jin Cong Zhang Ning Qian Mingsha Zhang Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Division of PsychologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Institute of Neuroscience Key Laboratory of Primate NeurobiologyCAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China Department of Neuroscience and Zuckerman Institute Columbia UniversityNew York 10027USA

Even though retinal images of objects change their locations following each eye movement,we perceive a stable and continuous world.One possible mechanism by which the brain achieves such visual stability is to construct a craniotopic coordinate by integrating retinal and extraretinal information.There have been several proposals on how this may be done,including eye-position modulation(gain fields)of retinotopic receptive fields(RFs)and craniotopic RFs.In the present study,we investigated coordinate systems used by RFs in the lateral intraparietal(LIP)cortex and frontal eye fields(FEF)and compared the two areas.We mapped the two-dimensional RFs of neurons in detail under two eye fixations and analyzed how the RF of a given neuron changes with eye position to determine its coordinate representation.The same recording and analysis procedures were applied to the two brain areas.We found that,in both areas,RFs were distributed from retinotopic to craniotopic representations.There was no significant difference between the distributions in the LIP and FEF.Only a small fraction of neurons was fully craniotopic,whereas most neurons were between the retinotopic and craniotopic representations.The distributions were strongly biased toward the retinotopic side but with significant craniotopic shifts.These results suggest that there is only weak evidence for craniotopic RFs in the LIP and FEF,and that transformation from retinotopic to craniotopic coordinates in these areas must rely on other factors such as gain fields.

关键词： Reference frames Eye-centered Headcentered Visual stability

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