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Positive health:An integrated quantitative approach in patients with chronic gastrointestinal and hepato-pancreatico-biliary disorders

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第28期30卷 3418-3427页

作者： Anja H W M Lemlijn-Slenter Karolina AP Wijnands Gijs van der Hamsvoort Luuk P van Iperen Nico Wolter Angelique E de Rijk Ad AM Masclee Department of social medicine Faculty of HealthMedicine and Life sciencesCare and Public Health Research Institute Maastricht UniversityMaastricht 6200 MDLimburgNetherlands division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineSchool of Nutrition and Translational Research in MetabolismMaastricht 6200 MDLimburgNetherlands social Medical Affairs Employee Insurance Agency(UWV)Heerlen 6400 ACLimburgNetherlands Department of Research Academic Knowledge Center Work and Health South-East Netherlands(AKAG-ZON)Heerlen 6400 ACLimburgNetherlands

BACKGROUND The concept of positive health(PH)supports an integrated approach for patients by taking into account six dimensions of *** approach is especially relevant for patients with chronic *** gastrointestinal and hepatopancreatico-biliary(GI-HPB)disorders are among the top-6 of the most prevalent chronically affected organ *** impact of chronic GI-HPB disorders on individuals may be disproportionally high because:(1)The affected organ system frequently contributes to a malnourished state;and(2)persons with chronic GIHPB disorders are often younger than persons with chronic diseases in other organ *** To describe and quantify the dimensions of PH in patients with chronic GI-HPB *** Prospective,observational questionnaire study performed between 2019 and 2021 in 235 patients with a chronic GIHPB disorder attending the Outpatient Department of the Maastricht University Medical *** questionnaires and data from patient files were used to quantify the six dimensions of *** consistency was tested with McDonald’s ***-order Pearson correlations and t-tests were used to assess associations and differences.A P value<0.05 was considered *** The GI-HPB patients scored significantly worse in all dimensions of PH compared to control data or norm scores from the general *** quality of life,participation and daily functioning,GI-HPB patients scored in the same range as patients with chronic disorders in other organ systems,but depressive symptoms(in 35%)and malnutrition(in 45%)were more frequent in patients with chronic GI-HPB *** scores between the six dimensions were only very weak to weak,forcing us to quantify each domain *** All six dimensions of PH are impaired in the GI-HPB *** and depressive symptoms are more prevalent compared to patients with chronic disorders in other organ systems.

关键词： Positive health Chronic gut disorders Gastrointestinal disorders Hepato-pancreatico-biliary disorders Integrated care

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US Imperialism and its Legacies in East Asia:Thucydides Trap orThrasymachus Paradox?

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and social Sciences 2024年第3期17卷 417-436页

作者： Mario Maritan International Relations and Global Affairs Social Science DivisionMahidol University International CollegeMahidol UniversitySalayaThailand

The US presence in East Asia is not simply a result of the victory over Japan in WW2,but a legacy of the US takeover of the Spanish overseas empire in ***,the threat of war between China and the US has little to do with Allison's Thucydides trap,which is based on a misreading of Thucydides'work:It originates from what in China is seen as a US imperial presence that mirrors Western inter-ference in Chinese affairs during the so-called“century of humiliation.”China is an authoritarian state with regional hegemonic ambitions,yet the West has been endorsing other authoritarian states,even absolute monarchies,that fit its geopoliti-cal *** the purported US support of“freedom”and“democ-racy,”the US in East Asia has been carrying out a foreign policy that,as an exten-sion of misinterpretations of the Monroe Doctrine,is a legacy of *** legacy is too often overlooked,while overseas interests are justified on the basis of secu-rity *** is relevant,but to compare the American and Athenian empires and their demise,not to drag China into US geopolitical discourse,when focus should have long been on ***-colonial theory shows how interstate relations,in particular in the East Asian context,are not defined by Thucydides trap,but Thrasymachus paradox.

关键词： US-Chinese relations Thucydides trap East Asia Cross-strait relations Imperialism

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The Global Significance of Contemporary Chinese Outlook on Human Rights

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The Journal of Human Rights 2024年第1期23卷 76-80页

作者：李林 CHEN Feng the Academic division Chinese Academy of Social Sciences 不详

Since the 18^(th)National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC),General Secretary Xi Jinping has prioritized the advancement of human rights as a significant aspect of governing the country and has delivered a series of important speeches,instructions,and discussions centered on respecting and protecting human rights,thereby shaping the contemporary Chinese outlook on human rights.

关键词： Outlook thereby discussions

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Hard Paternalism and Confucian Familism

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and social Sciences 2024年第3期17卷 455-478页

作者： Andrew Tsz Wan Hung division of social Sciences Humanities and DesignCollege of Professional and Continuing EducationThe Hong Kong Polytechnic University9 Hoi Ting RoadYau Ma TeiKowloonHong KongChina

In this paper,I criticize Joel Feinberg's argument of soft paternalism,which stands against hard paternalism,as being *** assessing one's voluntariness is very difficult and controversial,paternalistic measures would be preferable to be implemented by hard paternalism rather than soft paternalism.I then examine four usual criticisms of hard paternalism from the perspective of utilitarianism and the principle of autonomy.I argue that these criticisms are unsound and unfounded,and I defend hard paternalism from the perspective of Confucian familism.I argue that as one's life and identity are inseparable from one's family,“self-regarding”actions,traditionally understood,do not only affect the self,but also one's family ***,paternalistic measures to protect individuals from self-harming are also aimed to protect their family members which are indeed compatible with Mill's harm principle.

关键词： Paternalism Feinberg John S.Mill-Confucian familism Autonomy:Voluntariness

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Prognostic role of selection criteria for liver transplantation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma:Review and bibliometric

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iLIVER 2024年第1期3卷 52-61页

作者： Pamela Scarlett Espinoza Loyola Diana Laura Muratalla Bautista Karen Adela Hernández Bautista Elizabeth Gil White JoséAntonio González Moreno Daniel Angel Torres del Real Víctor Manuel Páez Zayas Carla Escorza-Molina Fernando Mondragón Rodríguez Omar Vásquez Gómez Luis Jorge Fernández López Paul Santiago Mogrovejo Vázquez Isidoro Aczel Sánchez-Cedillo Víctor Jose Visag Castillo social Service Internship Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMexico City 04510Mexico social Service Internship Universidad AnahuacMexico City 04510Mexico Department of Surgery division of Transplantation Surgery Hospital General de MéxicoMexico City 06720Mexico Departament of Gastroenterology Division of HepatologyHospital General de MéxicoMexico City 06720Mexico Departmanet of Anesthesiology Hospital General de MéxicoMexico City 06720Mexico

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the most common cancers in the world and is one of the leading indications for liver transplantation,liver transplantation is the gold standard treatment for end stage liver *** is based up on radiological characteristics and rarely biopsy *** treatment must be individualized to each patient to improve recurrences and *** this article,we focus on the different selection criteria for liver *** study aimed to investigate the distribution laws and research frontiers of international literature,so as to present holistic bibliometric evaluation of the studies on 5-year survival and disease-free recurrence in 5 years,according to hepatocarcinoma criteria for liver *** paper aims to review and analyze 5-year survival and disease-free recurrence based on hepatocarcinoma criteria for liver *** systematically examines and summarizes distribution characteristics and research frontiers through bibliometric analysis.A bibliographic search was implemented in PubMed/Medline,Clinical Key,Science Direct and Index Medicus with MESH terms,from the year 1996–*** selected for transplantation using the Metroticket 2.0(MT2)criteria had the highest overall survival along with patients selected for transplantation using the Milan Criteria had the best 5-year disease-free *** Metroticket 2.0 criteria(MT2)and Milan Criteria(MC)have shown the most favorable post-transplant outcomes for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).However,MC demonstrated the best 5-year disease-free recurrence rate,underscoring the significance of taking into account tumor morphology and biology when determining the eligibility of HCC patients for liver *** distribution characteristics and research frontiers by bibliometrics concerning prognostic role of selection criteria for liver transplantation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma the collaboration

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Liver transplantation Survival Criteria Recurrence Bibliometrics

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Implementation of an international medical student pen-pal club:survey outcomes of perceptions in cultural competency and global health

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Global Health Journal 2024年第1期8卷 11-15页

作者： Max J.Goodman Jennifer Livschitz Ji Won Kim Megan L.Schultz Medical College of Wisconsin MilwaukeeWI 53226USA Department of Pediatrics Division of Emergency MedicineMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI53226USA

Background:Pen-pal clubs(PPC)are used worldwide for students to learn about different cultures and other skillsets without the need for *** medical students are interested in global health opportunities abroad but costs,scheduling,and other barriers allow few to participate in such *** is important that medical students have nuanced global medical perspectives and can contribute to the global medical ***:The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that an international medical student PPC improves medical students'perspectives of cultural competency and global health ***:In 2021,a novel medical student PPC was established that began between an American and Japanese medical *** a shareholders meeting,it was decided that the number of medical schools involved globally be expanded through previous institutional affiliations and online *** total,the club connected 50 American medical students and 52 medical students from 17 high-and middle-income *** primary form of communication was online;pen-pals were encouraged to communicate monthly using provided topics,although frequency and way of communication was their *** February 2022,American PPC members were emailed a qualitative survey to assess the PPC's ***:The survey was completed by 42%of American PPC members,95%of which were 22-26 *** were preclinical medical students,60%whom were female and the majority either white(47%)or Asian(43%).Overall,the PPC positively influenced American medical students'perception of global medicine,medical education,and their cultural competency after joining the PPC compared to prior(P=0.004).Conclusion:PPCs encourage medical students to think from a global perspective and foster open-mindedness within varying social and cultural *** a global communication platform for students during medical school education may be an additional way to train aspiring global l

关键词： Pen-pals Medical student Global health Cultural competency

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Overcoming geographical and socioeconomic limitations in colorectal cancer screening

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第5期16卷 1683-1689页

作者： Sofia Rozani Panagis M Lykoudis School of medicine National and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 11527Greece division of Surgery and Interventional Science University College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUnited Kingdom

Despite colorectal cancer’s(CRC)high global incidence,residents of low-and middle-income countries,as well as low-income minorities in advanced economies have low screening *** studies demonstrate that in these groups higher incidence of CRC is observed,yet screening rates remain low for consistent *** income,low educational background,and lack of awareness in combination with inadequate social security of certain population groups impede access and compliance rates to CRC *** the other hand,despite the global availability of multiple screening approaches(colonoscopy,sigmoidoscopy,faecal occult blood test,faecal immunochemical test,computed tomography-colonography,etc.)with proven diagnostic validity,many low-income countries still lack established screening *** absence of screening guidelines in these countries along with the heterogeneity of guidelines in the rest of the world,demonstrate the need for global measures to tackle this issue *** essential step forward is to develop a global approach that will link specific elements of screening with the incidence and available resources in each country,to ensure the achievement of at least a minimum screening program in low-income *** cheaper,cost-effective techniques,which can be carried out by less specialized healthcare providers,might not be equivalent to endoscopy for CRC screening but seems more realistic for areas with fewer *** has been highlighted as the most pivotal element for the effective implementation of any screening program concerning ***,multiple studies have demonstrated that outreach strategies and community-based educational programs are associated with encouraging outcomes,yet a centrally coordinated expansion of these programs could provide more consistent ***,patient navigator programs,wherever implemented,have increased CRC screening and improved ***,global coordin

关键词： Colorectal cancer Screening Low-and middle-income countries Socioeconomic disparities Cancer

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Impact of social Determinants of Health on Self-Perceived Resilience: An Exploratory Study of Two Cohorts of Adults with Congenital Heart Disease

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Congenital Heart Disease 2024年第1期19卷 33-48页

作者： Albert Osom Krysta S.Barton Katie Sexton Lyndia Brumback Joyce P.Yi-Frazier Abby R.Rosenberg Ruth Engelberg Jill M.Steiner Department of Biostatistics University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA Biostatistics Epidemiology and Analytics for Research(BEAR)Core Seattle Children’s Research InstituteSeattleWA98101USA College of medicine University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA Center for Clinical and Translational Research Seattle Children’s Research InstituteSeattleWA98101USA Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care Dana-Farber Cancer InstituteDepartment of MedicineBoston Children’s HospitalBostonMA02215USA Department of Pediatrics Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02215USA division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineDepartment of Medicine&Cambia Palliative Care Center of ExcellenceUniversity of WashingtonHarborview Medical CenterSeattleWA98104USA division of Cardiology Department of Medicine&Cambia Palliative Care Center of ExcellenceUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA

social determinants of health(SDOH)affect quality of *** investigated SDOH impacts on self-perceived resilience among people with adult congenital heart disease(ACHD).Secondary analysis of data from two com-plementary studies:a survey study conducted May 2021–June 2022 and a qualitative study conducted June 2020–August *** was assessed through CD-RISC10 score(range 0–40,higher scores reﬂect greater self-perceived resilience)and interview *** and SDOH(education,employment,living situa-tion,monetary stability,ﬁnancial dependency,area deprivation index)data were collected by healthcare record review and *** used linear regression with robust standard errors to analyze survey data and performed a thematic analysis of interview *** participants(N=127)mean age was 42±14 years;51%were female,87%*** was moderate(75%)or complex(25%);41%functional class C or ***(mean 30±7)varied by monetary stability:compared to people with difﬁculty paying bills,resilience was 15.0 points higher(95%CI:6.9–23.1,p<0.001)for people reporting having enough money and 14.2 points higher(95%CI:5.9–22.4,p=0.001)for those reporting just enough *** participants’(N=25)mean age was 32 years(range 22–44);52%were female,72%*** was moderate(56%)or complex(44%);76%functional class C or *** discussed factors affecting resilience aligned with each of the major SDOH,prominently,economic stability and healthcare access and *** stability may be important for supporting self-perceived resi-lience in *** knowledge can inform the development of resilience interventions for this population.

关键词： social determinants of health adult congenital heart disease resilience ﬁnancial stability

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Multi-scale habitat influences sprainting and group size of a freshwater-obligate smooth-coated otter(Lutrogale perspicillata) in Tungabhadra Otter Conservation Reserve, India

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 159-175页

作者： Ankit Moun P.Ramesh Kumar M.Malathi Priya T.Ramesh Riddhika Kalle Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History Deputy Conservator of Forests Bellary Territorial Forest Division Deputy Conservator of Forests Working Plan and Survey and Research WingBellary Territorial Forest Division Centre for Functional Biodiversity University of Kwa Zulu-Natal

Background The impact of changing land-use patterns and associated anthropogenic threats on scale-dependent habitat use of semi-aquatic mustelids in scent-marking and social behaviour can provide important insights into the habitat ecology of smooth-coated otters(Lutrogale perspicillata).Methods We sampled 180 stream segments(100–400 m) as spatial replicates of 60 1-km2 sites to record indirect evidence(i.e. spraints and mass latrine sites) and group sizes of smooth-coated otters along the Tungabhadra Otter Conservation Reserve(TOCR) during the dry season. To quantify habitat, we recorded stream characteristics, riparian vegetation, and anthropogenic disturbances at the local scale, and hydro-environmental characteristics and land uses at the landscape scale. Using Markovian-chain detection and occupancy models, we assessed the multi-scale habitat use of otters in their selection of suitable areas for scent-marking based on repeated presence-absence data on spraint/latrine locations along the TOCR. We further used linear regression techniques to explore relationships between the number of individuals in smooth-coated otter group and hydro-environmental characteristics, spraint/latrine encounter rate, anthropogenic pressure, land cover, topography, and *** At the local scale, the probability of spraint deposition and group size decreased with anthropogenic disturbance while the probability of spraint detections decreased with grass cover. At the landscape scale, the probability of otter site use for spraint deposition and group sizes increased in southeast flowing streams. Spraint deposition increased with the proportion of sugarcane fields, whereas in contrast, group size decreased with proportion of sugarcane *** Our findings highlight the first empirical evidence on multi-scale habitat use of a southern Indian population of smooth-coated otters in an inland freshwater ecosystem surrounded by the scrub jungle–agriculture matrix. We sug

关键词： Presence-absence modelling Inland river Freshwater ecosystem Semi-aquatic mammal Smooth-coated otter

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New Industrialization: Characteristics, System Development and Implementation Pathway

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China Economist 2024年第1期19卷 2-13页

作者：无 Research Group of the Institute of Industrial Economics Chinese Academy of Social Sciences(CASS)BeijingChina

New industrialization in China, different from its past economic development pattern or patterns in developed nations, is the country’s theoretical innovation based on the positive and negative experiences of industrialization at home and worldwide. New industrialization has various novel characteristics, including new sources of efficiency, new factors of production, new organizational forms, and new constraints. In addition, it has certain particularities arising from modernization with Chinese characteristics. This article summarizes the characteristics of new industrialization from the perspectives of people-centered approach, quality-first concept, independent innovation, green low-carbon economics, digital-real integration, and open circulation. There are four systems for promoting new industrialization: A self-sustained scientific and technological system, a high-end advanced manufacturing system, a green low-carbon circular system, and a division of labor system with domestic and international circulation. The Chinese new industrialization proposes the pathway and policy measures considering the new global situation and the requirements of new goals of strengthening organization and leadership, reducing factor cost, accelerating independent technological innovation, smoothing domestic and international circulation, and optimizing competition environment.

关键词： New industrialization Chinese modernization system building policy measures

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