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Analysis of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)extraction from contaminated firefighting materials:Effects of cleaning agent,temperature,and chain-length dependencies

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Emerging Contaminants 2024年第3期10卷 268-279页

作者： Sixten Dahlbom Fanny Bjarnemark Bjorn Nguyen Sarunas Petronis Tove Mallin RISE research Institute of Sweden Division Safety and TransportFire and Safety DepartmentBox 85750115BoråsSweden RISE research Institute of Sweden Division Materials and ProductionChemistry and Applied Mechanics DepartmentBox 85750115BoråsSweden RISE research Institute of Sweden Division Materials and ProductionMethodologyTextiles and Medical Technology DepartmentBox 85750115BoråsSweden

This investigation delves into the extraction dynamics of 22 per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances from PFAS contaminated firefighting *** distinct test sets were executed:one contrasting a commercial product with water following an elaborate decontamination procedure,and the other assessing seven washing agents on materials from firefighting installations,with one agent examined at 22℃and 50℃.A general tendency for improved desorption at the higher temperature was ***,a discernible influence of the cleaning agent's pH on the extraction of specific PFAS species was observed,elucidating the role of chemical environment in the extraction *** rebound was studied for a period of up to 157 days,this unveiled a gradual escalation in PFAS22 levels,indicative of a protracted desorption ***,PFAS with abbreviated carbon chains(C4-C6)exhibit superior desorption efficiency compared to their elongated congeners,suggesting a chain-lengthdependent decontamination potential.A comparative scrutiny between a commercially available cleaning product,featuring multiple washing and flushing steps,and a water-only treatment regimen underscores the potential efficacy of the *** exhaustive investigation furnishes nuanced insights into PFAS extraction complexities,offering a foundation for informed decontamination strategies.

关键词： PFAS Decontamination Firefighting foam Firefighting materials Cleaning

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Thermal stability improvement and microstructure optimization of high cobalt content Nd-Fe-B magnets via terbium grain boundary diffusion

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第8期42卷 1531-1538,I0004页

作者： Jiyuan Xu Ruiyang Meng Jing Liu Jiateng Zhang Rui Han Yikun Fang Shengzhi Dong Wei Li division of Functional Materials research Central Iron and Steel Research InstituteBeijing100081China

The substitution of Fe by Co in the 2:14:1 phase is an effective method to increase the Curie temperature and enhance the thermal stability of the Nd-Fe-B ***,the accumulation of Co ele ment at the grain boundaries(GBs) changes the GBs from nonmagnetic to ferromagnetic and causes the thinlayer GBs to become rare,In this paper,the method of diffusing Tb element was chosen to improve the microstructure and temperature stability of high-Co *** original sintered Nd_(28.5)Dy_(3)-CO_(x)e_(bal)M_(0.6)B_(i)(x=0,6 wt%,12 wt%;M = Cu,Al,Zr) magnets with different Co contents were diffused with Tb by grain boundary diffusion(GBD).After GBD,high-Co magnets exhibit more continuously distributed thin-layer GBs,and their thermal stability is significantly *** high-Co magnets(x=6 wt%),the absolute value of the temperature coefficient of coercivity decreases from 0.603%/K to0.508%/K in the temperature range of 293-413 K,that of remanence decreases from 0.099%/K to 0.091%/K,and the coercivity increases from 18.44 to 25.04 *** electron microscopy(TEM)characterization reveals that there are both the 1:2 phase and the amorphous phase in the high-Co magnet before and after GBD,EDS elemental analysis shows that Tb element is more likely to preferentially replace the rare earth elements in the 2:14:1 main phase than in the 1:2 phase and the amorphous *** concentration of Tb at the edge of the main phase is much higher than that in the 1:2phase and amorphous phase,which is beneficial to the improvement of the *** preferential replacement of Tb elements at the edge of the 2:14:1 phase and thin-layer GBs with a more continuous distribution are synergistically responsible for improving the thermal stability of high-Co *** study indicates that GBD is an effective method to improve the microstructure and thermal stability of high-Co magnets.

关键词： Nd-Fe-B magnets Coercivity Grain boundary diffusion Thermal stability Micro structure Rare earths

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Recent research in mechanical properties of geopolymer-based ultrahigh-performance concrete:A review

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 67-88页

作者： G.Murali division of research&Innovation Uttaranchal UniversityDehradun 248007India

Due to the growing need for sustainable and ultra-high-strength construction materials,scientists have created an innovative ultra-high-performance concrete called Geopolymer based ultra-highperformance concrete(GUHPC).Besides,in the last few decades,there have been a lot of explosions and ballistic attacks around the world,which have killed many civilians and fighters in border *** this context,this article reviews the fresh state and mechanical properties of ***,the ingredients of GUHPC and fresh properties such as setting time and flowability are briefly ***,the review of compressive strength,flexure strength,tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of fibrous ***,the blast and projectile impact resistance performance was ***,the microstructural characteristics were reviewed using the scanning electron microscope and X-ray Powder *** review outcome reveals that the mechanical properties were increased when 30%silica fume was added to a higher dose of steel fibre to improve the microstructure of *** is hypothesized that the brittleness of GUHPC was mitigated by adding 1.5%steel fibre reinforcement,which played a role in the decrease of contact explosion cratering and *** the need for cement in GUHPC was a key factor in the review,indicating a promising potential for lowering carbon ***,GUHPC research is still in its early stages,so more study is required before its full potential can be utilized.

关键词： Mechanical properties Blast Projectile impact Fibre Geopolymer Silica fume Alkaline activators

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A Novel Prescribed-Performance Path-Following Problem for Non-Holonomic Vehicles

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第6期11卷 1476-1484页

作者： Zirui Chen Jingchuan Tang Zongyu Zuo Seventh research division Beihang University(BUAA)Beijing 100191China IEEE

The issue of achieving prescribed-performance path following in robotics is addressed in this paper,where the aim is to ensure that a desired path within a specified region is accu-rately converged to by the controlled *** this context,a novel form of the prescribed performance guiding vector field is introduced,accompanied by a prescribed-time sliding mode con-trol ***,the interdependence among the pre-scribed parameters is *** validate the effectiveness of the proposed method,numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the efficacy of the approach.

关键词： Guiding vector field non-holonomic vehicle path following prescribed performance sliding mode control

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REMnO3（RE=Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd） perovskite as efficient catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第11期42卷 2078-2087页

作者： Rakesh Ranjan Mahalik Siba Soren Ipsha Hota A.K.Debnath K.P.Muthe Purnendu Parhi Department of Chemistry Ravenshaw University Technical Physics division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre

Rare earth metal based perovskite emerges as important catalytic material for energy production and *** ABO3type materials are now the focus of research in the field of oxygen reduction and evolution ***,in this work we evaluated the oxygen reduction properties of the synthesized one-dimensional REMnO3（RE=Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu and Gd）.The one-dimensional REMnO3prepared by the hydrothermal synthesis route results in pure phase perovskite on *** perovskite was characte rized with X-ray diffraction,Fourier transform-infrared（FT-IR）,field emission-scanning electron microscopy（FE-SEM）,transmission electron microscopy（TEM） and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）.The oxygen reduction reaction activities were investigated with the help of electrochemical workstation that consists of three-electrode system immersed in 0.1 mol/L KOH electrolyte solution saturated with *** Koutechy-Levich plot obtained from rotating ring disk electrode shows all the prepared catalysts follow 4e-processes during oxygen *** effect of "A" site cation variation in REMnO3 on oxygen reduction reaction is ***3showed better onset potential for oxygen reduction reaction among the prepared rare earth ***3having high RE:Mn ratio（A-site rich co mpositions） promotes oxygen reduction reaction（ORR） *** the perovs kites showed good oxygen reduction property with high stability and methanol tolerance.

关键词： Electrocatalytic activity Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) Perovskite Rare earths REMnO3 SmMnO3

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High-performance anisotropic SmCo-based magnet with novel microstructure

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第8期42卷 1539-1545,I0005页

作者： Yingchang Li Zicao Xing Nengjun Yu Zesong Ren Minxiang Pan Qiong Wu Hongliang Ge Minggang Zhu Wei Li College of Materials and Chemistry China jiliang UniversityHangzhou 310018China division of Functional Materials research Central Iron and Steel Research InstituteBeijing 100081China

A novel micro structure of magnetically anisotropic Sm Co-based magnet with high-performance is *** magnet consists of SmCo_(7)-H(TbCu_(7)-hexagonal type),Sm_(2)Co_(17)-H(Th_(2)Ni_(17)-hexagonal type)and SmCo_(3)-R(SmCo_(3)-rhombohedral type)*** maximum magnetic energy product of the magnet is 231.69 kj/m^(3),and the intrinsic coercivity is 1005.47 kA/*** outstanding intrinsic coercivity temperature coefficient(β)of-0.125%/K between 298 and 773 K is obtained,which is very close to theβof commercial high-temperature Sm_(2)Co_(17)-based sintered *** initial magnetization curve indicates that the coercivity mechanism is controlled by a domain wall pinning *** SmCo_(3)-R lamellar phase may be a potential pinning center or self-pinning *** microstructure of the magnet is different from that of any previous SmCo-based *** findings provide a new idea for preparing high-performance SmCo-based permanent magnets.

关键词： Rare earths Permanent magnet Composite magnet Melt-spinning Microstructure

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Diagnostic and prognostic performances of GALAD score in staging and 1-year mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma: A prospective study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第17期30卷 2343-2353页

作者： Oraphan Jitpraphawan Witchakorn Ruamtawee Mala Treewatchareekorn Supatsri Sethasine division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineNavamindradhiraj UniversityDusit 10300BangkokThailand Clinical research Center Research Facilitation DivisionNavamindradhiraj UniversityDusit 10300BangkokThailand division of Clinical Chemistry and Immunology Navamindradhiraj UniversityDusit 10300BangkokThailand

BACKGROUND The GALAD score has improved early hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)detection *** role of the GALAD score in staging and predicting tumor characteristics or clinical outcome of HCC remains of particular *** To determine the diagnostic/prognostic performances of the GALAD score at various phases of initial diagnosis,tumor features,and 1-year mortality of HCC and compare the performance of the GALAD score with those of other serum *** This prospective,diagnostic/prognostic study was conducted among patients with newly diagnosed HCC at the liver center of Vajira *** patients had HCC staging allocation using the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer(BCLC)***,HCC etiology,and HCC features were *** and the GALAD score were obtained at *** performance of the GALAD score and biomarkers were prospectively *** Exactly 115 individuals were diagnosed with *** GALAD score increased with disease *** BCLC-0/A and BCLC-B/C/D,the GALAD score predicted HCC staging with an area under the curve(AUC)of 0.868(95%CI:0.80–0.93).For identifying the curative HCC,the AUC of GALAD score was significantly higher than that of Alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)(0.753)and Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive fraction of AFP-L3(0.706),and as good as that of Protein induced by vitamin K absence-II(PIVKA-II)(0.897).For detecting aggressive features,the GALAD score gave an AUC of 0.839(95%CI:0.75–0.92)and significantly outperformed compared to that of AFP(0.761)and AFP-L3(0.697),with a trend of superiority to that of PIVKA-II(0.772).The performance to predict 1-year mortality of GALAD score(AUC:0.711,95%CI:0.60–0.82)was better than that of AFP(0.541)and as good as that of PIVKA-II(0.736).The optimal cutoff value of GALAD score was≥6.83,with a specificity of 72.63%for exhibiting substantial reduction in the 1-year *** The GALAD model can diagnose HCC at the curative stage,includin

关键词： Alpha-fetoprotein Barcelona clinic liver cancer GALAD score Hepatocellular carcinoma Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive fraction of alpha-fetoprotein Protein induced by vitamin K absence-II

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Advances in DNA methylation and its role in cytoplasmic male sterility in higher plants

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第1期23卷 1-19页

作者： Atiqur Rahman Hasan Sofiur Rahman Shakil Uddin Naima Sultana Shirin Akhter Ujjal Kumar Nath Shamsun Nahar Begum Mazadul Islam Afroz Naznin Nurul Amin Sharif Ahmed Akbar Hossain Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh 2202Bangladesh Plant Breeding division Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear AgricultureMymensingh 2202Bangladesh Tuber Crop research Centre Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute(BARI)Joydebpur 1701Bangladesh Horticulture research Centre Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute(BARI)Joydebpur 1701Bangladesh Biotechnology division Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute(BARI)Joydebpur 1701Bangladesh International Rice research Institute Bangladesh OfficeDhaka 1213Bangladesh division of Soil Science Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research InstituteDinajpur 5200Bangladesh

The impact of epigenetic modifications like DNA methylation on plant phenotypes has expanded the possibilities for crop *** methylation plays a part in the regulation of both the chromatin structure and gene expression,and the enzyme involved,DNA methyltransferase,executes the methylation process within the plant *** regulating crucial biological pathways,epigenetic changes actively contribute to the creation of the ***,epigenome editing may assist in overcoming some of the drawbacks of genome editing,which can have minor off-target consequences and merely facilitate the loss of a gene’s *** drawbacks include gene knockout,which can have such off-target *** review provides examples of several molecular characteristics of DNA methylation,as well as some plant physiological processes that are impacted by these epigenetic changes in the *** also discuss how DNA alterations might be used to improve crops and meet the demands of sustainable and environmentally-friendly farming.

关键词： DNA methylation epigenetics CMS male sterility chromatin architecture gene expression higher plants

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Advancements in nanotechnology for the delivery of phytochemicals

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第4期22卷 385-398页

作者： Divya Chauhan Pavan K.Yadav Nazneen Sultana Arun Agarwal Saurabh Verma Manish K.Chourasia Jiaur R.Gayen division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Central Drug Research InstituteCouncil of Scientific and Industrial ResearchLucknow 226031Uttar PradeshIndia Academy of Scientific and Innovative research Ghaziabad 201002Uttar PradeshIndia

Phytosomes(phytophospholipid complex) are dosage forms that have recently been introduced to increase the stability and therapeutic effect of herbal medicine. Currently, bioactive herbs and the phytochemicals they contain are considered to be the best remedies for chronic diseases. One promising approach to increase the efficacy of plant-based therapies is to improve the stability and bioavailability of their bio-active ingredients. Phytosomes employ phospholipids as their active ingredients, and use their amphiphilic properties to solubilize and protect herbal extracts. The unique properties of phospholipids in drug delivery and their use in herbal medicines to improve bioavailability results in significantly enhanced health benefits. The introduction of phytosome nanotechnology can alter and revolutionize the current state of drug delivery. The goal of this review is to explain the application of phytosomes, their future prospects in drug delivery, and their advantages over conventional formulations.

关键词： Phytochemical Bioavailability Drug delivery system Phytosome Plant extracts

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Effect of Al_(2)O_(3)on the Mechanical Properties of(B_(4)C+Al_(2)O_(3))/Al Neutron Absorbing Materials

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第8期37卷 1411-1420页

作者： J.X.Cai B.M.Shi N.Li Y.Liu Z.G.Zhang Y.N.Zan Q.Z.Wang B.L.Xiao Z.Y.Ma Shi‑Changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and safety Assessment Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Nuclear Equipment division Beijing Institute of Nuclear EngineeringChina Nuclear Power Engineering Co.Ltd.Beijing 100840China Department of Materials Science School of Mechanical EngineeringShenyang UniversityShenyang 110044China

B_(4)C/Al composites are widely utilized as neutron absorbing materials for the storage and transportation of spent nuclear *** order to improve the high-temperature mechanical properties of B_(4)C/Al composites,in-situ nano-Al_(2)O_(3)was introduced utilizing oxide on Al powder *** this study,the Al_(2)O_(3)content was adjusted by utilizing spheroid Al powder with varying diameters,thereby investigating the impact of Al_(2)O_(3)content on the tensile properties of(B_(4)C+Al_(2)O_(3))/Al *** was found that the pinning effect of Al_(2)O_(3)on the grain boundaries could hinder the recovery of dislocations and lead to dislocation accumulation at high *** the result,with the increase in Al_(2)O_(3)content and the decrease in grain size,the high-temperature strength of the composites increased *** finest Al powder used in this investigation had a diameter of 1.4μm,whereas the resultant composite exhibited a maximum strength of 251 MPa at room temperature and 133 MPa at 350℃,surpassing that of traditional B_(4)C/Al composites.

关键词： Al matrix composites Neutron absorbing materials (B_(4)C+Al_(2)O_(3))/Al composites High-temperature strength

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