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Sleep as a window to understand and regulate Alzheimer's disease:emerging roles of thalamic reticular nucleus

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1711-1712页

作者： Haoqi Sun Shiqian Shen Robert J.Thomas M.Brandon Westover Can Zhang Department of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Center for Translational Pain Research Department of AnesthesiaCritical Care and Pain MedicineMassachusetis General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA division of pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineDepartment of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Genetics and Aging Research Unit McCance Center for Brain HealthMass General Institute for Neurodegenerative DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Introduction:Alzheimer 's disease(AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder and the primary cause of dementia. Considerable evidence supports the “amyloid hypothesis,” stating that the pathogenesis of AD is primarily caused by the deposition of amyloid-β(Aβ), which drives tau phosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration in the brain. The amyloid hypothesis is strengthened by the significant and moderate benefit of lecanemab, a humanized antibody through an anti-amyloid mechanism,showing slowed clinical decline(van Dyck et al.,2023). The recent positive results of anti-amyloid trials have brought back focus on the amyloid hypothesis through biochemical, genetic, and pharmacological approaches(Zhang, 2023).

关键词： Alzheimer inflammation hypothesis

Combined BRAF G469A mutation and echinoderm microtubule associated protein like-4-anaplastic lymphoma kinase rearrangement with resistance:A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2025年第2期16卷 165-172页

作者： Xuan Guo Yan Liu Yu-Ting Wang Kan Liu Hui Ding Department of pulmonary and critical care medicine Yixing People’s Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityYixing 214200Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Through deeper understanding of targetable driver mutations in non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC)over the past years,some patients with driver mutations have benefited from the targeted molecular *** the anaplastic lymphoma kinase and BRAF mutations are not frequent subtypes in NSCLC,the availability of several targeted-drugs has been confirmed through a series of clinical *** little is clear about the proper strategy in rare BRAF G469A mutation,not to mention co-exhibition of anaplastic lymphoma kinase and BRAF G469A mutations,which is extremely rare in *** SUMMARY We present a patient to stage IVA lung adenocarcinoma with coexisting echinoderm microtubule associated protein like-4 rearrangement and BRAF G469A *** received several targeted drugs with unintended resistance and suffered from unbearable adverse *** Due to the rarity of co-mutations,the case not only enriches the limited literature on NSCLC harbouring BRAF G469A and echinoderm microtubule associated protein like-4 mutations,but also suggests the efficacy and safety of specific multiple-drug therapy in such patients.

关键词： Non-small-cell lung cancer Driver mutation Rearrangement Resistance Case report

Metabolomic profiling and prognostication in COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome

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重症医学（英文） 2025年第1期5卷 108-110页

作者： Furfaro David Che Xiaoyu Gou Wenhao Cummings Matthew J. Mishra Nischay Brodie Daniel Briese Thomas Fiehn Oliver Lipkin W. Ian O’Donnell Max R. division of pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center MA USA Center for Infection and Immunity Columbia University Irving Medical Center and the Mailman School of Public Health NY USA division of pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Columbia University Irving Medical Center NY USA division of pulmonary and critical care medicine The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine MD USA West Coast Metabolomics Center University of California Davis CA USA

To the Editor,Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)-related acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)is biologically and clinically heterogeneous with a broad spectrum of organ dysfunction and illness severity.[1] In COVID-19-related ARDS(C-ARDS),two phenotypes have been identified with latent class analysis(LCA)that are associated with divergent clinical outcomes and response to corticosteroids,and correspond to previously identified hypoinflammatory and hyperinflammatory phenotypes,[2,3]Despite insights gained from this work,understanding the biological processes that determine mortality risk in C-ARDS remains ***,we report that metabolomic profiling of plasma at the onset of C-ARDS provides insights into pathogenesis and may predict clinical outcomes.

关键词： distress acute Metab

Obesity paradox in patients with community-acquired pneumonia:Have you fully considered the confounding factors?

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第9期13卷 53-55页

作者： Jin-Ke Sun Hui Tian Department of pulmonary and critical care medicine Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan 250000Shandong ProvinceChina Department of critical care medicine Liaocheng People’s HospitalLiaocheng 252000Shandong ProvinceChina

There exists a notion that there is an obesity paradox in the prognosis of community-acquired *** other words,obese individuals with communityacquired pneumonia have a better *** study by Wang et al supports this claim,but we believe that the obesity paradox should not be proposed hastily as it is influenced by numerous subjective and objective confounding factors.

关键词： Community-acquired pneumonia Mortality Body mass index Overweight Obesity paradox

Overexpression of Parkin promotes the protective effect of mitochondrial autophagy on the lung of rats with exertional heatstroke

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重症医学（英文） 2025年第1期5卷 89-99页

作者： Meng Ran Sun Zhengzhong Chi Ruxue Gu Yan Zhang Yuxiang Wang Jiaxing Graduate School of Hebei North University Zhangjiakou Hebei China Department of critical care medicine The Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China

Background::The roles of the Pink1/Parkin pathway and mitophagy in lung injury during heat stroke remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of Pink1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy in acute lung injury (ALI) in rats with exertional heat stroke (EHS).Methods::Sixty Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into control (CON), control + Parkin overexpression (CON + Parkin), EHS, and EHS + Parkin overexpression (EHS + Parkin) groups. Parkin was overexpressed by injecting an adeno-associated virus carrying the Parkin gene into the tail vein, and a rat model of EHS was established. Pathological changes in the lung tissue were analyzed using microcomputed tomography (micro-CT), and the lung coefficient and pulmonary capillary permeability were measured. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to determine the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1 β, and tumor necrosis factor- α, and reactive oxygen species. The morphology of mitochondria in type Ⅱ epithelial cells of lung tissue was observed using transmission electron microscopy;and the apoptosis of lung tissue, the level of mitophagy, and the co-localization of Pink1 and Parkin were determined using immunofluorescence. The expression of Pink1, Parkin, mitofusin-2 (MFN2), phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), PTEN-L, p62, and the autophagy marker microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) in rat lung tissue was measured by Western blotting, and the ratio of LC3II/LC3I was calculated. Results::Compared with the EHS group, the survival rate of rats in the EHS + Parkin group was significantly higher. Their lung coefficient and pulmonary vascular permeability decreased and the pathological changes were significantly alleviated ( P pulmonary type II epithelial cells was alleviated. The apoptosis of lung tissue wa

关键词： Exertional heat stroke Acute lung injury Mitophagy Pink1 Parkin

Progress in the Regulation of Lipid Metabolism by the Orphan Nuclear Receptor Nur77

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Journal of Biosciences and medicines 2025年第1期13卷 163-172页

作者： Hongjie He Xiaohong Cen Yejin Liang Jinmei Zhong Junhua Deng Yujie Jiang Graduate School Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities Baise China Department of pulmonary and critical care medicine Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities Baise China

Neuron-derived clone 77 (Nur77) is a member of the NR4A subfamily that plays critical roles in apoptosis, survival, proliferation, autophagy, angiogenesis, inflammatory responses, DNA repair, glycolipid metabolism and energy consumption. The deregulation of Nur77 signalling often relates to various serious diseases, including cancer and non-cancer diseases. A systematic review is necessary for the better understanding of Nur77 in clinical treatment. In this article, we comprehensively conclude the lipid regulation function and expression of Nur77, and its role in COPD. Finally, we prospect that development of drugs and clinical biochemical investigations targeting of Nur77 has considerable potential within healthcare.

关键词： Orphan Nuclear Receptor Nur77 NR4A1 Lipid Metabolism COPD

Acute portal vein thrombosis in an isolated, blunt, minor liver injury near the porta hepatis

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2025年第1期28卷 76-78页

作者： Onchuda Wongweerakit Osaree Akaraborworn Burapat Sangthong Komet Thongkhao division of Trauma and critical care Department of SurgeryFaculty of MedicinePrince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiSongkhlaThailand

Portal vein thrombosis(PVT)secondary to blunt abdominal trauma associated with liver injury is extremely rare in healthy individuals as well as in minor liver injury,and it carries a high rate of morbidity and ***,acute asymptomatic PVT is difficult to *** present a young trauma patient with isolated minor liver injury associated with acute PVT.A 27-year-old man presented to the emergency department after a motor vehicle *** primary survey findings were *** secondary survey showed a large contusion(7×7 cm2)at the epigastrium with marked tenderness and localized *** CT angiography of the whole abdomen revealed liver injury grade 3 in hepatic segments 2/3 and 4b(according to the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma classification)extending near the porta hepatis with patent hepatic and portal veins and without other solid organ *** follow-up CT of the whole abdomen on post-injury day 7 showed a 1.8-cm thrombus in the left portal vein with patent right portal and hepatic veins,and a decreased size of the hepatic lacerations.A liver function test was repeated on post-injury day 4,and it revealed improved *** patient received intravenous anticoagulant therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin according to weight-based dosing for *** CT of the whole abdomen performed 2 weeks after anticoagulant therapy showed small residual thrombosis in the left portal *** patient received intravenous anticoagulant therapy for a total of 3 *** the follow-up visits at 1 month,2 months,6 months,and 1 year after the injury,the patients did not have any detectable abnormal *** post-blunt minor liver injury is an extremely rare *** the thrombosis is left untreated,serious morbidity and mortality can ***,its diagnosis in asymptomatic patients is still *** imaging is necessary for highly suspected PVT,especially in liver injury with laceratio

关键词： Acute portal vein thrombosis Acute mesenteric thrombosis Blunt abdominal trauma Blunt hepatic injury Minor liver injury

Novel flangeless video laryngoscope for limited mouth opening

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World Journal of critical care medicine 2025年第1期14卷 118-121页

作者： Mohd Mustahsin Harshita Singh division of critical care medicine Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical CareEra UniversityLucknow 226003Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Anaesthesiology Era UniversityLucknow 226003Uttar PradeshIndia

Airway management plays a crucial role in providing adequate oxygenation and ventilation to patients during various medical procedures and *** patients have a limited mouth opening due to factors such as trauma,inflammation,or anatomical abnormalities airway management becomes challenging.A commonly utilized method to overcome this challenge is the use of video laryngoscopy(VL),which employs a specialized device equipped with a camera and a light source to allow a clear view of the larynx and vocal *** overcomes the limitations of direct laryngoscopy in patients with limited mouth opening,enabling better visualization and successful *** types of VL blades are *** devised a novel flangeless video laryngoscope for use in patients with a limited mouth opening and then tested it on a manikin.

关键词： Video laryngoscope Difficult intubation Intubation Airway management Laryngoscopy

Differences in diversity and composition of mucosa-associated colonic microbiota in colorectal cancer and non-colorectal cancer in Indonesia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第7期31卷 10-25页

作者： Nikko Darnindro Murdani Abdullah Ninik Sukartini Cleopas M Rumende Amanda Pitarini Saskia A Nursyirwan Achmad Fauzi Dadang Makmun Erni J Nelwan Hamzah Shatri Ikhwan Rinaldi Caroline Tanadi division of Gastroenterology Pancreatobiliary and Digestive EndoscopyDepartment of Internal MedicineFaculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia-Cipto Mangunkusumo National General HospitalJakarta 10430Indonesia division of Gastrohepatology Department of Internal MedicineFatmawati General HospitalJakarta 12430Indonesia Human Cancer Research Center IMERI Faculty of MedicineUniversitas IndonesiaJakarta 10430Indonesia Department of Clinical Pathology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia-Cipto Mangunkusumo National General HospitalJakarta 10430Indonesia division of Respirology and critical care Department of Internal MedicineFaculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia-Cipto Mangunkusumo National General HospitalJakarta 10430Indonesia division of Tropical medicine and Infectious disease Department of Internal MedicineFaculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia-Cipto Mangunkusumo National General HospitalJakarta 10430Indonesia division of Psychosomatic and Palliative medicine Department of Internal MedicineFaculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia-Cipto Mangunkusumo National General HospitalJakarta 10430Indonesia division of Haematology and Medical Oncology Department of Internal MedicineFaculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia-Cipto Mangunkusumo National General HospitalJakarta 10430Indonesia School of medicine and Health Sciences Atma Jaya Catholic University of IndonesiaJakarta 14440Indonesia

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is the third most common malignancy and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths *** studies have shown an association between gut microbiota and colorectal *** microbiota is unique and can be influenced by geographic factors and *** study aimed to determine the diversity and composition of colonic mucosal microbiota in patients with and without colorectal *** To determine the diversity and composition of colonic mucosal microbiota in patients with and without colorectal cancer in *** This case-control study included 59 subjects(35 colorectal cancer patients and 24 non-colorectal cancer patients indicated for colonoscopy at *** Mangunkusumo Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Center and Fatmawati *** examination was performed using 16S rRNA *** analysis was performed using the wf-metagenomics pipeline from EPI2Me-Labs(Oxford Nanopore Technologies platform).RESULTS Patients with colorectal cancer had a higher median index value on the Shannon index(3.28 vs 2.82,P>0.05)and a lower value on the Simpson index(0.050 vs 0.060,P>0.05).Significant differences in beta diversity were observed at the genus(P=0.002)and species levels(P=0.001).Firmicutes,Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,and Fusobacteria were the dominant *** genera Bacteroides,Campylobacter,Peptostreptococcus,and Parvimonas were found more frequently in colorectal cancer,while Faecalibacterium,Haemophilus,and Phocaeicola were more frequently found in non-colorectal *** relative abundance of Fusobacterium nucleatum,Bacteroides fragilis,Enterococcus faecalis,Campylobacter hominis,and Enterococcus faecalis species was significantly elevated in patients with colorectal ***,Faecalibacterium prausnitzii,Faecalibacterium duncaniae,and Prevotella copri were more commonly found in non-colorectal *** Patients with colorectal cancer exhibit distinct differences in the

关键词： Gastrointestinal microbiome Biodiversity Intestinal mucosa Colorectal cancer Human