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AIDS-associated plasmablastic lymphoma presenting as a poorly differentiated esophageal tumor: A diagnostic dilemma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第27期14卷 4395-4399页

作者： Deepthi Mani Donald G Guinee Jr David M Aboulafia division of Hematogy and Oncology Virginia Mason Medical Center division of pathology Virginia Mason Medical Center

Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare form of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma characterized by weak/absent expression of conventional B-cell markers and strong expression of plasma cell markers. It is strongly associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Epstein Barr virus infection, and shows an unusual tropism to the oral cavity. Herein we describe a patient with AIDS who presented with weight loss and dysphagia owing to a large gastroesophageal mass. His radiographic and endoscopic findings and long history of cigarette consumption suggested carcinoma. Biopsy demonstrated a poorly differentiated tumor stained negatively to routine lymphoid markers including CD20. However, gene rearrangement studies confirmed a B-cell process and a more detailed immunohistochemical analysis revealed the cells stained positively for CD138 (plasma cell antigen). These findings were diagnostic of PBL. Our report reviews the wide differential diagnosis of PBL and underscores the importance of a broad array of viral and molecular studies needed to establish this diagnosis.

关键词： Plasmablastic lymphoma Human immunodeficiency virus/Acquired Immure Deficiency Syndrome Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma Gastroesophageal neoplasm

Activity of Azoxystrobin and SHAM to Four Phytopathogens

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2009年第7期8卷 835-842页

作者： JIN Li-hua CHEN Yu CHEN Chang-jun WANG Jian-xin ZHOU Ming-guo College of plant pathology Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 P.R.China

The study was conducted to make clear the activity of azoxystrobin to 4 plant pathogens and the synergistic effects of salicylhydroxamic acid （SHAM）, which acted on the alternative oxidase. It was also conducted to be aware of the mechanism of azoxystrobin in inhibition on mycelial respiration and the influence of SHAM. The activity test of azoxystrobin and SHAM was carried out with a mycelial linear growth test and spore germination test. Other related biological properties were also observed. Inhibition of azoxystrobin and SHAM on 4 pathogens was determined by using SP-II oxygraph system. Azoxystrobin inhibited mycelial growth in Colletotrichum capsici, Botrytis cinerea, Rhizoctonia solani, and Magnaporthe grisea, respectively; it also inhibited conidia germination, and conidia production in C. capsici, B. cinerea M. grisea, and sclerotia formation in R. solani. Moreover, it created stayed pigment biosynthesis in C. capsici and M. grisea somehow. Salicylhydroxamic acid enhanced inhibition by azoxystrobin. An oxygen consuming test of the mycelia showed that azoxystrobin inhibited all the 4 fungi＇s respiration in the early stages. With the concentration rising up, the effectiveness increased. However, as time went on, the respiration of the mycelia treated with fungicides recovered and SHAM could not inhibit the oxygen consuming. This reaction between the mycelia and the fungicides appeared not to initiate alternative respiration but rather the other mechanism created a lack of efficacy.

关键词： azoxstrobin salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM) plant pathogens spore germination mycelial growth oxygenconsumption rate

Identification and initial characterization of the 3＇ end of gene transcripts encoding putative members of the pheromone receptor subfamily in Lepidoptera

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Insect Science 2012年第1期19卷 64-74页

作者： Stephen F. Garczynski Kevin W. Wanner Thomas R. Unruh USDA-ARS Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory Wapato Washington Department of plant Sciences and plant pathology Montana State University Bozeman Montana USA

Semiochemicals, including pheromones and kairomones, used in pest man- agement programs reduce the need for chemical insecticides, and understanding their interactions with their membrane receptors may help make them more effective in the field. Identification of odorant receptors in the Lepidoptera has mainly been achieved us- ing bioinformatics to search DNA sequences generated by genome or expressed sequence tag （EST） sequencing projects. This study reports a rapid method to identify members of the pheromone receptor subfamily in Lepidoptera. Degenerate oligonucleotide primers were designed against a conserved amino acid sequence in the carboxyl terminus of known lepidopteran pheromone receptors, and the primers were used in a 3＇ rapid amplifica- tion of complementary DNA （cDNA） ends procedure. Polymerase chain reaction products generated from seven different lepidopteran species were TA cloned and sequenced. The cDNA sequences of 25 transcripts were determined to encode potential members of the pheromone receptor subfamily. These cDNAs ranged from 238 to 642 bp and encoded 49-54 amino acids of the carboxyl terminus. Analysis of the 3＇ untranslated region reveals that most of the transcripts contain multiple polyadenylation signal sequences, and in the case ofManduca sexta, an alternate polyadenylation signal appears to be used in transcript processing. The 3＇ untranslated region was also useful in determining unique receptors en- coded by transcripts having highly similar nucleotide and amino acid sequences. Overall, this technique provides a complementary method of pheromone receptor identification in EST sequencing projects, or can be used as a stand-alone method in conjunction with 5＇ rapid amplification of cDNA ends procedures.

关键词： degenerate primer PCR odorant receptor pheromone receptor polyadeny- lation signals 3' untranslated region

Ileo-ileal intussusception caused by lymphangioma of the small bowel treated by single-incision laparoscopic-assisted ileal resection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第1期23卷 167-172页

作者： Atsushi Kohga Akihiro Kawabe Yuto Hasegawa Kiyoshige Yajima Takuya Okumura Kimihiro Yamashita Jun Isogaki Kenji Suzuki Akira Komiyama division of Surgery Fujinomiya City General Hospital division of pathology Fujinomiya City General Hospital

Intraabdominal lymphangiomas are uncommon;additionally,those affecting the gastrointestinal tract are rare and account for less than 1%of *** caused by a cystic lymphangioma of the small bowel is extremely *** patient was a20-year-old woman who visited our emergency room with a complaint of abdominal pain.A computed tomography image revealed ileo-ileal intussusception with a leading hypovascular mass measuring 1 cm in a ***-incision laparoscopic-assisted ileal resection was *** surgical specimen consisted of a soft polycystic ***,a pedunculated polyp with a convolutional pattern was ***,the inner surfaces of the cysts were covered with a single layer of endothelial *** immunohistochemical examination,the endothelial cells were partially positive for D2-40 and *** muscle cells were also found around the *** lesion was diagnosed as a cystic *** of cases of small bowel lymphangiomas have previously been *** these,cases with intussusception were very *** is the first case of small bowel intussusception due to lymphangioma treated by singleincision laparoscopic-assisted surgery.

关键词： Intussusception Single-incision laparoscopic-assisted surgery Lymphangioma

Fg12 ribonuclease secretion contributes to Fusarium graminearum virulence and induces plant cell death

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2021年第2期63卷 365-377页

作者： Bo Yang Yuyin Wang Mengjun Tian Kaixin Dai Wenyue Zheng Zehan Liu Sen Yang Xinyu Liu Dongya Shi Haifeng Zhang Yan Wang Wenwu Ye Yuanchao Wang Department of plant pathology Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China The Key Laboratory of plant Immunity Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Filamentous fungal pathogens secrete effectors that modulate host immunity and facilitate infection. Fusarium graminearum is an important plant pathogen responsible for various devastating diseases. However, little is known about the function of effector proteins secreted by F. graminearum. Herein, we identified several effector candidates in the F. graminearum secretome. Among them, the secreted ribonuclease Fg12 was highly upregulated during the early stages of F. graminearum infection in soybean;its deletion compromised the virulence of F. graminearum. Transient expression of Fg12 in Nicotiana benthamiana induced cell death in a light-dependent manner. Fg12 possessed ribonuclease(RNase) activity, degrading total RNA. The enzymatic activity of Fg12 was required for its cell death-promoting effects. Importantly, the ability of Fg12 to induce cell death was independent of BAK1/SOBIR1, and treatment of soybean with recombinant Fg12 protein induced resistance to various pathogens, including F. graminearum and Phytophthora sojae. Overall, our results provide evidence that RNase effectors not only contribute to pathogen virulence but also induce plant cell death.

关键词： cell death effector fungal ribonuclease Fusarium graminearum virulence

Engineering industrial fatty acids in oilseeds

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Frontiers in Biology 2013年第3期8卷 323-332页

作者： Anna R. SNAPP Chaofu LU Department of plant Sciences and plant pathology Montana State University Bozeman MT 59717-3150 USA

More than 300 types of modified fatty acids （mFA） are produced in triacylglycerols （TAG） by various plant species, with many of these unusual structures rendering unique physical and chemical properties that are desirable for a variety of bio-based industrial uses. Attempts to produce these mFA in crop species have thus far failed to reach the desired levels of production and highlighted the need to better understand how fatty acids are synthesized and accumulated in seed oils. In this review we discuss how some of the progress made in recent years, such as the improved TAG synthesis model to include acyl editing and new enzymes such as PDCT, may be utilized to achieve the goal of effectively modifying plant oils for industrial uses. Co-expressing several key enzymes may circumvent the bottlenecks for the accumulation of mFA in TAG through efficient removal of mFA from phosphatidylchofine. Other approaches include the prevention of feedback inhibition of fatty acid synthesis and improving primary enzyme activity in host transgenic plants. In addition, genomic approaches are providing unprecedented power to discover more factors that may facilitate engineering mFA in oilseeds. Based on the results of the last 20 years, creating a high mFA accumulating plant will not be done by simply inserting one or two genes; it is necessary to stack genes encoding enzymes with favorable kinetic activity or specificity along with additional complementary transgenes in optimized plant backgrounds to produce industrial fatty acids at desirable levels. Finally, we discuss the potential of Camelina as an industrial oilseed platform.

关键词： Camelina metabolic engineering modified fatty acids oilseeds triacylglycerol biosynthesis

Stk2,a Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase from Setosphaeria turcica,Specifically Complements the Functions of the Fus3 and Kss1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in Filamentation,Invasive Growth,and Mating Behavior

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第12期12卷 2209-2216页

作者： GU Shou-qin YANG Yang LI Po ZHANG Chang-zhi FAN Yu ZHANG Xiao-yu TIAN Lan HAO Zhi-min CAO Zhi-yan GONG Xiao-dong FAN Yong-shan HAN Jian-min DONG Jin-gao Mycotoxin and Molecular plant pathology Laboratory Agricultural University of Hebei Institute of plant Protection Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Tangshan Normal University

Setosphaeria turcica,an essential phytopathogenic fungus,is the primary cause of serious yield losses in corn; however,its pathogenic mechanism is poorly *** cloned STK2,a newly discovered mitogen-activated protein kinase gene with a deduced amino acid sequence that is 96% identical to MAK2 from Phaeosphaeria nodorum,56% identical to KSS1 and 57% identical to FUS3 from Saccharomyces *** deduce Stk2 function in *** and to identify the genetic relationship between STK2 and KSS1/FUS3 from ***,a restructured vector containing the open reading frame of STK2 was transformed into a fus3/kss1 double deletion mutant of *** results show that the STK2 complementary strain clearly formed pseudohyphae and ascospores,and the strain grew on the surface of the medium after rinsing with sterile water and the characteristics of the complementary strain was the same as the wild-type ***,STK2 complemented the function of KSS1 in filamentation and invasive growth,as well as the mating behavior of FUS3 in ***,however,its exact functions in *** will be studied in the future research.

关键词： Setosphaeria turcica MAPK filamentation invasive growth mating behavior

The Phytophthora effector Avh241 interacts with host NDR1-like proteins to manipulate plant immunity

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2021年第7期63卷 1382-1396页

作者： Bo Yang Sen Yang Baodian Guo Yuyin Wang Wenyue Zheng Mengjun Tian Kaixin Dai Zehan Liu Haonan Wang Zhenchuan Ma Yan Wang Wenwu Ye Suomeng Dong Yuanchao Wang Department of plant pathology Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China The Key Laboratory of plant Immunity Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

plant pathogens rely on effector proteins to suppress host innate immune responses and facilitate *** the Phytophthora sojae RxLR effector Avh241 promotes Phytophthora infection,the molecular basis of Avh241 virulence remains poorly *** we identified non-race specific disease resistance 1(NDR1)-like proteins,the critical components in plant effector-triggered immunity(ETI)responses,as host targets of ***241 interacts with NDR1 in the plasma membrane and suppresses NDR1-participated ETI *** of GmNDR1s increases the susceptibility of soybean to *** infection,and overexpression of GmNDR1s reduces infection,which supports its positive role in plant immunity against ***,we demonstrate that GmNDR1 interacts with itself,and Avh241 probably disrupts the self-association of *** data highlight an effective counter-defense mechanism by which a Phytophthora effector suppresses plant immune responses,likely by disturbing the function of NDR1 during infection.

关键词： NDR1 protein Phytophthora pathogens plant immunity RXLR effector virulence target

Lipid-Modulated Trafficking in plants

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Molecular plant 2020年第3期13卷 351-353页

作者： Pradeep Kachroo Aardra Kachroo Department of plant pathology University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40546USA

plants may not have a complex circulatory immune system like that of animals,but they do have a fairly sophisticated transport system that enables cell-to-cell communication as well as transport of water and *** type of communication is key to the plant’s ability to regulate the spread of pathogenic microbes,mount responses to stress at distant sites,and regulate systemic signaling *** cell-to-cell transport route is the symplastic route,which requires the plasmodesmata(PD),channels that traverse through cell walls and establish symplastic connections between adjacent *** are formed during cytokinesis and can be simple or branched,and are delineated by a membrane that is continuous with the plasma membranes(PMs)of adjacent *** contains a cylindrical inner component in the center of the pore,which is derived from the endoplasmic reticulum and is called the *** space between the desmotubule and the PM acts as a cytoplasmic conduit that channels molecules across cells.

关键词： system cylindrical walls