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Sporophytic control of anther development and male fertility by glucose-6-phosphate/phosphate translocator 1(OsGPT1) in rice

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2021年第8期48卷 695-705页

作者： Aili Qu Yan Xu Xinxing Yu Qi Si Xuwen Xu Changhao Liu Liuyi Yang Yueping Zheng Mengmeng Zhang Shuqun Zhang Juan Xu State Key Laboratory of plant Physiology and Biochemistry College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310058China Department of plant pathology College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210095China division of Biochemistry University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211USA

Coordination between the sporophytic tissue and the gametic pollen within anthers is tightly controlled to achieve the optimal pollen fitness. Glucose-6-phosphate/phosphate translocator(GPT) transports glucose-6-phosphate, a key precursor of starch and/or fatty acid biosynthesis, into plastids. Here, we report the functional characterization of Os GPT1 in the rice anther development and pollen fertility. Pollen grains from homozygous osgpt1 mutant plants fail to accumulate starch granules, resulting in pollen sterility. Genetic analyses reveal a sporophytic effect for this mutation. Os GPT1 is highly expressed in the tapetal layer of rice anther. Degeneration of the tapetum, an important process to provide cellular contents to support pollen development, is impeded in osgpt1 plants. In addition, defective intine and exine are observed in the pollen from osgpt1 plants. Expression levels of multiple genes that are important to tapetum degeneration or pollen wall formation are significantly decreased in osgpt1 anthers. Previously, we reported that At GPT1 plays a gametic function in the accumulation of lipid bodies in Arabidopsis pollen. This report highlights a sporophytic role of Os GPT1 in the tapetum degeneration and pollen development. The divergent functions of Os GPT1 and At GPT1 in pollen development might be a result of their independent evolution after monocots and dicots diverged.

关键词： Glucose-6-phosphate/phosphate translocator Male fertility Starch accumulation Sporophytic control Pollen development Tapetum degeneration Intine and exine formation Rice

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Bioefficacy of bacteria and yeast bioagents on disease suppression and quality retention of stored Kinnow mandarin fruits

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Food Bioscience 2023年第3期53卷 3168-3178页

作者： Chander Bhan Ram Asrey Dinesh Singh Nirmal Kumar Meena Vinod B.R. Menaka M. division of Food Science&Postharvest Technology ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew DelhiIndia division of plant pathology ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew DelhiIndia

Kinnow mandarin is a high value citrus crop in the fruit ***,the fruits are vulnerable to a variety of phytopathogens and suffer huge quantitative and qualitative *** filamentous fungi like Penicillium digitatum,Penicillium italicum,and Geotrichum candidum are mainly responsible for postharvest *** to synthetic fungicides,the bacteria and yeast-based biocontrol approaches are the most efficient means for controlling postharvest *** antagonistic potential of five biocontrol agents such as Debaryomyces hansenii,Lactobacillus plantarum,Metschnikowia pulcherima,Pichia guilliermondi and Rhodotorula minuta *** was assessed under both in vitro and in vivo conditions against the mycelial growth of postharvest pathogens using dual culture *** results revealed that *** *** was the most promising antagonist with 71.98%,76.18%and 67.46%mean mycelial growth inhibition of ***,*** and *** respectively,over untreated potato dextrose agar(PDA)plates after 192 h of incubation under in ***,under in vivo,the fruits treated with *** *** did not impair the quality and sensory attributes during ambient ***,*** *** proved an eco-friendly and safer substitute to synthetic fungicides for postharvest disease management of Kinnow mandarin fruits.

关键词： Biocontrol Citrus Eco-friendly Postharvest disease Penicillium Sensory quality

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Role of copper in central nervous system physiology and pathology

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1058-1068页

作者： Martina Locatelli Cinthia Farina Institute of Experimental Neurology Division of NeuroscienceIstituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico(IRCCS)San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly Vita-Salute San Raffaele University MilanItaly

Copper is a transition metal and an essential element for the organism,as alterations in its homeostasis leading to metal accumulation or deficiency have pathological effects in several organs,including the central nervous *** copper dysregulations have been evidenced in two genetic disorders characterized by mutations in the copper-ATPases ATP7A and ATP7B,Menkes disease and Wilson’s disease,respectively,and also in multifactorial neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and multiple *** review summarizes current knowledge about the role of copper in central nervous system physiology and pathology,reports about unbalances in copper levels and/or distribution under disease,describes relevant animal models for human disorders where copper metabolism genes are dysregulated,and discusses relevant therapeutic approaches modulating copper ***,alterations in copper metabolism may contribute to the etiology of central nervous system disorders and represent relevant therapeutic targets to restore tissue homeostasis.

关键词： astrocytes central nervous system copper cuprizone multiple sclerosis myelin neurodegenerative disorders

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Identification and Molecular Tagging of Leaf Rust Resistance Gene (Lr24) in Wheat

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2011年第12期10卷 1898-1905页

作者： ZHANG Na YANG Wen-xiang LIU Da-qun Department of plant pathology/Biological Control Center of plant Diseases and plant Pests of Hebei Province Agricultural University ofHebei Baoding 071001 P.R.China

This research was aimed to develop AFLP markers co-segregated with gene Lr24 and validate the using for marker assisted selection （MAS）. An F2 population developed from the cross between the resistant line TcLr24 and the susceptible line Thatcher was tested for resistance to the Puccinia triticina races BGQQ and SHRT using for genetic analysis and molecular marker. A total of 224 AFLP primer combinations were used to test the resistant and susceptible parents, as well as the resistant bulk and the susceptible bulk. Four AFLP markers, P-AGA/M-CTT289 bp, P-AGC/M-CAC1ss bp, P-AGC/M- CAC162 bp, and P-ACG/M-CGC239 bp, were co-segregated with Lr24. The AFLP fragment from the primer combination P- ACG/M-CGC was cloned, sequenced and converted into a STS marker named as ASTS212. Thatcher backgrounded NILs and 115 varieties were examined by using this STS marker and the marker SCS13026oz developed by Gupta. 5R615, 5R616, IR13, and 1R17 were identified and validated to contain gene Lr24. The marker is dominant and may be useful in identification the resistance gene Lr24 in wheat and wheat breeding programs.

关键词： wheat leaf rust Lr24 gene AFLP STS MAS

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plant innate immunity in rice:a defense against pathogen infection

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National Science Review 2016年第3期3卷 295-308页

作者： Wende Liu Guo-Liang Wang State Key Laboratory for Biology of plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Department of plant pathology Ohio State University

A large number of pathogenic microorganisms cause rice diseases that lead to enormous yield losses worldwide. Such losses are important because rice is a staple food for more than half of the world’s population. Over the past two decades, the extensive study of the molecular interactions between rice and the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae and between rice and the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae has made rice a model for investigating plant–microbe interactions of *** progress has been recently achieved in understanding the molecular basis of rice pathogen-associated molecular pattern-immunity and effector-triggered immunity. Here, we briefly summarize these recent advances, emphasizing the diverse functions of the structurally conserved fungal effectors, the regulatory mechanisms of the immune receptor complexes, and the novel strategies for breeding disease resistance. We also discuss future research challenges.

关键词： plant immunity pathogen effectors rice diseases Magnaporthe oryzae Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae

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Cadmium in soybeans and the relevance to human exposure

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第11期27卷 157-162页

作者： Ashley M.Newbigging Xiaowen Yan X.Chris Le division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of Alberta

Introduction Cadmium is considered a human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer（IARC,1993）and the US National Toxicology Program（NTP,1997）.Cadmium contamination of food crops is a persistent issue for both the agricultural industry as well as *** is an issue for agriculture because cadmium can be present in soils naturally or as a result of industrial processes and can contaminate foods that are consumed by ***

关键词： Cadmium Metals Food safety Dietary exposure Agricultural products Uptake of cadmium from soil

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Genetic Analysis and Molecular Mapping of an All-Stage Stripe Rust Resistance Gene in Triticum aestivum-Haynaldia villosa Translocation Line V3

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第12期12卷 2197-2208页

作者： HOU Lu MA Dong-fang HU Mao-lin HE Miao-miao LU Yan JING Jin-xue State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F University Qinghai Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science Department of plant pathology China Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Plant PathologyMinistry of Agriculture

Triticum aestivum-Hayaldia villosa translocation line V3 has shown effective all-stage resistance to the seven dominant pathotypes of Puccinia striiforms *** prevalent in *** elucidate the genetic basis of the resistance,the segregating populations were developed from the cross between V3 and susceptible genotype Mingxian 169,seedlings of the parents and F 2 progeny were tested with six prevalent pathotypes,including CYR29,CYR31,CYR32-6,CYR33,Sun11-4,and Sun11-11,F 1 plants and F 3 lines were also inoculated with Sun11-11 to confirm the result *** genetic studied results showed that the resistance of V3 against CYR29 was conferred by two dominant genes,independently,one dominant gene and one recessive gene conferring independently or a single dominant gene to confer resistance to CYR31,two complementary dominant genes conferring resistance to both CYR32-6 and Sun11-4,two independently dominant genes or three dominant genes（two of the genes show cumulative effect） conferring resistance to CYR33,a single dominant gene for resistance to *** gene analog polymorphism（RGAP） and simple-sequence repeat（SSR） techniques were used to identify molecular markers linked to the single dominant gene（temporarily designated as YrV3） for resistance to Sun11-11.A linkage map of 2 RGAP and 7 SSR markers was constructed for the dominant gene using data from 221 F 2 plants and their derived F 2：3 lines tested with Sun11-11 in the *** of the complete set of nulli-tetrasomic lines of Chinese Spring with a RGAP marker RG1 mapped the gene on the chromosome 1B,and then the linked 7 SSR markers located this gene on the long arm of chromosome *** linkage map spanned a genetic distance of 25.0 cM,the SSR markers Xgwm124 and Xcfa2147 closely linked to YrV3 with genetic distances of 3.0 and 3.8 cM,*** on the linkage map,it concluded that the resistance gene YrV3 was located on chromosome arm *** chromosomal location,

关键词： Haynaldia villosa translocation line stripe rust RGAP-SSR molecular mapping

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Conservation of an important montane bamboo Thamnocalamus falconeri, *** Munro through axillary bud proliferation

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第1期26卷 179-185页

作者： Meena Bakshi Chandrakant Tiwari Sajad Razvi plant Physiology Discipline Botany DivisionForest ResearchInstitute

Thamnocalamus falconeri, Hook.f. ex Munro.,an important bamboo species belonging to the family Poaceae, locally known as Ringal, occurs in the hills of Uttarakhand, India. This species has been traditionally exploited by local communities to support their *** needs of the hill villages impose unsustainable pressure on natural stands of Ringal in the Uttarakhand hills and forests have been degraded. The long history of excessive cutting of Ringal from natural forests and the lack of replanting threaten villager livelihoods. Replanting is required to conserve the species. We propose a protocol for generation of planting material through axillary bud proliferation for multiplication and conservation of this species. We collected offsets/rhizomes from a natural stand of T. falconeri in the Chopta Mandal areas（Chamoli district, India）. These were planted at sites of varied elevation and fresh single nodal segments were collected from them as explants. Different sterilization treatments were assessed to combat contamination. Among these, treatment of 0.1 %Hg Cl2 followed by 5 % Na OCl, proved best. Among two cytokinin treatments, viz. BAP and Kinetin, singly or in combination, BAP alone（5 mg L-1） proved superior and resulted in 100 % bud break. BAP-supplemented MS media yielded maximum vigorous shoot formation（90 %）and maximum number of shoots（8.9）. Subculturing of shoots on the same medium with similar BAP treatment（5 mg L-1BAP） enabled continuous production of healthy shoots at similar frequency. Maximum rooting（100 %）was recorded on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 5 mg L-1IBA. Micropropagated plants were hardened and acclimatized in soil mixture（2：1：1） and then transplanted to field sites（Magra, Uttarakhand, 1,834 m）.Eight to ten months after field transplantation we recorded100 % survival of transplanted material. This micropropagation protocol could be used successfully for raising a stock of genetically homogenous plant material in bulk

关键词： Thamnocalamus falconeri Micropropagation MS medium Axillary bud proliferation Hormones

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How plants grow up

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2019年第3期61卷 257-277页

作者： Sarah M McKim division of plant Sciences University of Dundee at The James Hutton Institute

A plant's lateral structures, such as leaves,branches and flowers, literally hinge on the shoot axis,making its integrity and growth fundamental to plant *** all plants, subapical proliferation within the shoot tip displaces cells downward to extrude the cylindrical *** the transition to flowering, many plants show extensive axial elongation associated with increased subapical proliferation and expansion. However, the cereal grasses also elongate their stems, called culms, due to activity within detached intercalary meristems which displaces cells upward, elevating the grain-bearing inflorescence. Variation in culm length within species is especially relevant to cereal crops, as demonstrated by the high-yielding semi-dwarfed cereals of the Green Revolution. Although previously understudied, recent renewed interest the regulation of subapical and intercalary growth suggests that control of cell division planes,boundary formation and temporal dynamics of differentiation, are likely critical mechanisms coordinating axial growth and development in plants.

关键词： plants grow up^FA lateral structures

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Primary metabolism:It’s more than what's for dinner

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Molecular plant 2021年第8期14卷 1219-1220页

作者： Jeffrey C.Anderson Scott C.Peck Department of Botany and plant pathology Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA division of Biochemistry Christopher S Bond.Life Sciences CenterInterdisciplinary Plant GroupUniversity of Missouri-ColumbiaColumbiaMO 65211USA

At the risk of oversimplifying,plant–pathogen interactions are a battle for nutrients in the form of primary metabolic *** have *** want ***,amino acids,and organic acids are continuously being exported from source cells to supply both other plant cells and potentially beneficial microorganisms(Kim et al.,2021).Logically,plants attempt to restrict access to pathogens by withholding these nutrients upon infection;and successful pathogens have evolved strategies to restore nutrient availability(Kim et al.,2021).

关键词： simplify restrict continuously

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