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Three-dimensional fracture of UO2 ceramic pellets by phase field modeling

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 169-180页

作者： Wei Xiong Xuan Ye Hongzhang Cheng Xiaoming Liu Institute of nuclear and New Energy technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Reactor Engineering and Safety of Ministry of Education Tsinghua University State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Fracture is the primary failure type for the UO2ceramic pellets,which are operated under irradiation and thermal processes,and physically confined by the *** this work,by combining closely coupled physical processes of heat conduction,heat transfer,and mechanical deformation with the cohesive phase field framework,we proposed a high-precision modeling of quasistatic cracking of three-dimensional （3D） UO2ceramic fuel pellets under high temperature and *** simulation results agree well with the experimental results,indicating that the proposed method has the potential to capture 3D crack modes in the interested time ***,we studied the relation of the 3D fracture patterns of fuel pellets with the peak power *** was found that the power level plays a critical role in determining the competition between radial and circumferential cracks,as well as transverse penetrating cracks.

关键词： phase field method nuclear fuel pellet coupled thermo-mechanical model thermal fracture

A cellulose-based lithium-ion battery separator with regulated ionic transport and high thermal stability for extreme environments

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Nano Research 2025年第1期18卷 315-322页

作者： Kun-Peng Yang Song Xie Zi-Meng Han Hao-Cheng Liu Chong-Han Yin Wen-Bin Sun Zhang-Chi Ling Huai-Bin Yang De-Han Li Qing-Fang Guan Shu-Hong Yu Department of Chemistry New Cornerstone Science LaboratoryInstitute of Biomimetic Materials&ChemistryAnhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic MaterialsDivision of Nanomaterials&ChemistryHefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Innovative Materials Department of Materials Science and EngineeringDepartment of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Separators play a critical role in lithium-ion ***,the restrictions of thermal stability and inferior electrical performance in commercial polyolefin separators significantly limit their applications under harsh ***,we report a cellulose-assisted self-assembly strategy to construct a cellulose-based separator massively and *** an ultrahigh ionic conductivity in electrolytes of 3.7 mS·cm^(-1) and the ability to regulate ion transport,the obtained separator is a promising alternative for high-performance lithium-ion *** addition,integrated with high thermal stability,the cellulose-based separator endows batteries with high safety at high temperatures,greatly expanding the application scenarios of energy storage devices in extreme environments.

关键词： lithium-ion batteries bio-inspired materials battery separators cellulose nanofiber ultrahigh ionic conductivity high safety

Physics and applications with laser-induced relativistic shock waves

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High Power Laser Science and engineering 2016年第3期4卷 46-59页

作者： S.Eliezer J.M.Martinez-Val Z.Henis N.Nissim S.V.Pinhasi A.Ravid M.Werdiger E.Raicher Institute of nuclear fusion Polytechnic University of Madrid Applied Physics division Soreq NRC 42 Beery

The laser-induced relativistic shock waves are described. The shock waves can be created directly by a high irradiance laser or indirectly by a laser acceleration of a foil that collides with a second static foil. A special case of interest is the creation of laser-induced fusion where the created alpha particles create a detonation wave. A novel application is suggested with the shock wave or the detonation wave to ignite a pre-compressed target. In particular, the deuterium–tritium fusion is considered. It is suggested that the collision of two laser accelerated foils might serve as a novel relativistic accelerator for bulk material collisions.

关键词： fast ignition laser piston model relativistic shock waves ultra-intense lasers

Electric field modulation technique for high-voltage AlGaN/GaN Schottky barrier diodes

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Chinese Physics B 2013年第10期22卷 406-411页

作者：汤岑谢刚张丽郭清汪涛盛况 College of Electrical engineering Zhejiang University division of Energy High Technology Research and Development Centerthe Ministry of Science and Technology

A novel structure of AIGaN/GaN Schottky barrier diode （SBD） featuring electric field optimization techniques of anode-connected-field-plate （AFP） and magnesium-doped p-type buried layer under the two-dimensional electron gas （2DEG） channel is proposed. In comparison with conventional A1GaN/GaN SBDs, the magnesium-doped p-type buried layer in the proposed structure can provide holes that can help to deplete the surface 2DEG. As a result, surface field strength around the electrode edges is significantly suppressed and the electric field along the channel is distributed more evenly. Through 2D numerical analysis, the AFP parameters （field plate length, LAFP, and field plate height, TAFP） and p-type buried layer parameters （p-type layer concentration, Np, and p-type layer thickness, Tp） are optimized to achieve a three-equal-peak surface channel field distribution under exact charge balance conditions. A novel structure with a total drift region length of 10.5 μm and a magnesium-doped p-type concentration of 1 × 10^17 cm 3 achieves a high breakdown voltage （VB） of 1.8 kV, showing 5 times improvement compared with the conventional SBD with the same device dimension.

关键词： gallium nitride high voltage SBD field plate magnesium buried layer

Adsorption characteristics of thorium on silica-based anion exchange resins

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nuclear Science and Techniques 2015年第6期26卷 55-62页

作者：陈彦良赵龙韦悦周何林锋唐方东 nuclear Chemical engineering Laboratory School of Nuclear Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University division of Chemistry and Ionizing Radiation Measurement technology Shanghai Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology

To isolate and separate thorium from nitric acid solutions, three silica-based anion exchange resins were synthesized. Batch experiments were carried out to investigate adsorption behavior of thorium in nitric acid solutions. Adsorption at different concentrations of nitric acid and thorium, influence of contact time and coexisting metal ions, and effect of NO3– were investigated in detail. It was found that at high HNO3 concentrations,the resins exhibited higher adsorption capacity and better affinity towards thorium. The adsorption kinetics could be described by the pseudo-second order model equation, while the adsorption isotherms were well correlated by the Langmuir model. The maximum capacity towards thorium species on SiPyR-N4 was evaluated at 27–28 mg/g-resin. The thermodynamic parameters indicated the adsorption was an exothermic reaction. The presence of NO3– was found to promote the retention of the thorium species.

关键词：阴离子交换树脂二氧化硅基吸附特性硝酸钍硝酸溶液模型方程吸附动力学吸附等温线

development of ^(153)Sm-bleomycin as a possible therapeutic complex

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nuclear Science and Techniques 2010年第3期21卷 165-170页

作者： BAHRAMI-SAMANI Ali GHANNADI-MARAGHEH Mohammad JALILIAN Amir Reza YOUSEFNIA Hassan MORADKHANI Sedigheh BOLOURINOVIN Fatemeh Faculty of nuclear engineering and Physics Amir Kabir University Radiopharmaceutical Research and development Laboratories Nuclear Science and Technology Research InstituteTehranIran

Due to interesting therapeutic properties of ^(153)Sm and antineoplastic antibiotic,bleomycin(BLM), ^(153)Sm-bleomycin(^(153)Sm-BLM) was developed as a possible therapeutic compound using ^(153)SmCl_3 and *** ^(153)SmCl_3 was obtained by thermal neutron flux(5×10^(13)n·cm^(-2)·s^(-1))of an enriched ^(152)Sm_2O_3 sample,dissolved in acidic *** optimized conditions(room temperature,45 min,0.1 mg bleomycin for 740-3700 MBq ^(153)SmCl_3) a radiochemical purity over 98%was obtained shown by HPLC(Specific activity = 55 TBq/mM).The ^(153)SmCl_3 and ^(153)Sm-BLM were administered into wild-type rats up to 96 h followed by *** SPECT imaging of labeled compound in wild-type rats was performed and significant image pattern was observed for a radiolabeled bleomycin *** ^(153)Sm-BLM is a potential therapeutic compound and our experiments on this compound have shown satisfactory quality,and stability suitable for future therapeutic studies.

关键词：博莱霉素治疗性高效液相色谱法钐抗肿瘤抗生素放射化学纯度管理局 SPECT

Bifunctional mixed rare earth solid catalyst for biodiesel production from acid palm oil

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第2期41卷 240-249页

作者： Bheechanat Duangdee Dussadee Rattanaphra Sasikarn Nuchdang Anusith Thanapimmetha Maythee Saisriyoot Penjit Srinophakun Department of Chemical engineering Faculty of EngineeringKasetsart UniversityBangkok10900Thailand Center of Excellence on Petrochemical and Materials technology Chulalongkorn UniversityBangkok10330Thailand nuclear technology Research and development Center Thailand Institute of Nuclear TechnologyNakornNayok26120Thailand

Solid mixed rare earth catalysts(MREEs)were synthesized by co-precipitation of raw mixed rare earth hydroxide cake obtained from monazite ore processing at different pH values(6,7 and 12).The wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy(WDXRF)results show that MREEs catalyst coprecipitated at pH 12 contain high contents of active Ce,Nd,La and Y for facilitating both esterification and transesterification *** synthesized MREE by co-precipitated at pH 12 and calcined at300℃possess high amounts of Lewis basic and acidic sites,allowing it to act as bifunctional *** catalyst shows high catalytic activity for the accelerating of the initial reaction rate and converting triglycerides/free fatty acid(FFA)into fatty acid methyl ester(FAME)in both esterification and transesterification *** the reaction conditions of 3 wt%catalyst,20:1 methanol/oil molar ratio,200℃reaction temperature,3.9 MPa reaction pressure and 600 r/min stirring rate,FAME conversion reaches 99.57%in 180 min of reaction time.

关键词： Mixed rare earth Bifunctional catalyst Biodiesel Simultaneous esterification and transesterification

DPM simulation in an underground entry: Comparison between particle and species models

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International Journal of Mining Science and technology 2016年第3期26卷 487-494页

作者： Thiruvengadam Magesh Zheng Yi Tien Jerry C. Department of Mining & nuclear engineering Missouri University of Science & Technology division of Mining and Resources engineering Department of Civil Engineering Monash University

The diesel particulate matter(DPM) emission from diesel powered equipment in underground mines can cause health hazards including cancer to the miners. The understanding of the DPM propagation pattern under realistic mining condition is required for selecting proper DPM control strategies and to improve working practices in underground mines. In this paper, three dimensional simulations of DPM emission from the exhaust tail pipe of a load-haul-dump(LHD) vehicle and its subsequent distribution inside an isolated zone in the typical underground mine are carried out using two different solution models available in Ansys Fluent. The incoming fresh air into the isolated zone is treated as a continuous phase and DPM is treated either as a continuous phase(gas) or as a secondary discrete phase(particle). Species transport model is used when DPM is treated as gas and discrete phase model is used when DPM is assumed to behave like a particle. The distributions of DPM concentration inside the isolated zone obtained from each method are presented and compared. From the comparison results, an accurate and economical solution technique for DPM evaluation can be selected.

关键词： CFD Dead-end DPM Discrete phase model Species transport model

Fabrication of plain carbon steel/high chromium white cast iron bimetal by a liquid–solid composite casting process

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2015年第9期22卷 950-955页

作者： V.Javaheri H.Rastegari M.Naseri division of Research and development Isfahan Casting Industries Co.(ICI) Department of engineering Birjand University of Technology

High-chromium white cast iron （HCWCI） is one of the most widely used engineering materials in the mining and cement industries. However, in some components, such as the pulverizer plates of ash mills, the poor machinability of HCWCI creates difficulties. The bimetal casting technique is a suitable method for improving the machinability of HCWCI by joining an easily machined layer of plain carbon steel （PCS） to its hard part. In this study, the possibility of PCS/HCWCI bimetal casting was investigated using sand casting. The investigation was conducted by optical and electron microscopy and non-destructive, impact toughness, and tensile tests. The hardness and chemical composition profiles on both sides of the interface were plotted in this study. The results indicated that a conventional and low-cost casting technique could be a reliable method for producing PCSYdCWCI bimetal. The interfacial microstructure comprised two distinct lay- ers： a very fine, partially spheroidized pearlite layer and a coarse full pearlite layer. Moreover, characterization of the microstructure revealed that the interface was free of defects.

关键词： bimetals carbon steel cast iron casting interfaces microstructure mechanical properties