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Integrated application of some compatible biocontrol agents along with mustard oil seed cake and furadan on Meloidogyne incognita infecting tomato plants

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2006年第11期7卷 873-875页

作者： GOSWAMI Bijoy Kumar PANDEY Rajesh Kumar RATHOUR Kabindra Singh BHATTACHARYA Chaitali SINGH Lokendra division of nematology Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Delhi-110012 India division of nematology Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Delhi-110012 India Division of Plant Pathology Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Delhi-110012 India Department of Botany Meerut College CCS University Meerut-250004 (UP) India

Experiments were carried out to study the effect of two fungal bioagents along with mustard oil cake and furadan against root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita infecting tomato under greenhouse condition. Bioagents viz., Paecilomyces lilacinus and Trichoderma viride alone or in combination with mustard cake and furadan promoted plant growth, reduced number of galls/plant, egg masses/root system and eggs/egg mass. The fungal bioagents along with mustard cake and nematicide showed least nematodes reproduction factor as compared to untreated infested soil.

关键词： Management Bioagents Vegetables Oilseed cake Nematicides

BIOMANAGEMENT OF PIGEON PEA CYST NEMATODE, HETERODERA CAJANI BY A PARASITIC FUNGUS, PAECILOMYCES LILACINUS

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BIOMANAGEMENT OF PIGEON PEA CYST NEMATODE, HETERODERA CAJANI...

Diversity of Endophytic Fungi in Banana Cultivars of Assam India

The ⅩⅤth International Plant Protection Congress

作者： S.C.DHAWAN division of nematology Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Delhi-110012 India

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Journal of Botanical Research 2023年第2期5卷 49-58页

作者： Jibanjyoti Panda P.Vetrivelkalai B.Bhagawati Nibha Gupta Plant Pathology and Microbiology division Regional Plant Resource CentreBhubaneswar751015India Department of nematology Tamil Nadu Agricultural UniversityCoimbatore641003India Department of nematology Assam Agricultural UniversityJorhat785013India

Endophytic fungal isolates(139 no.)were obtained from 143(62 roots,18 fruits and 54 leaves)samples of 15 different varieties of banana collected from 10 sites in Assam,India during *** isolation frequency from surface-sterilized tissue ranged from 10%-80%(as per site)and 6%-70%(as per variety of banana).All isolates were segregated into 40 different types on the basis of macromorphological and micro morphological *** different fungal taxa were isolated belonging to 14 genera including Absidia,Arthrinium,Aspergillus,Bipolaris,Cladosporium,Curvularia,Dendrophion,Fusarium,Humicola,Mortierella,Mucor,Penicillium,Paecilomyces,Verticillium and one mycelium *** them,Cladosporium cladosporioidies and Paecilomyces *** occurred in most of the sites surveyed whereas Cladospoirum cladosporioides and Aspergillus sp.8,Fusarium graminseram were most frequently isolated from different ***,all sites differed in their fungal *** samples from Narigoan and Jorhat have been found with maximum fungal species followed by marigoan samples so as to Banana varieties Amrit Sagar endowed 27 *** fungi followed by Jehaji and Honda which were associated with a maximum 14 fungal *** frequency and relative abundance of Cladosporium cladosporiodes(80%,4.6),Paecilomyces farinosus(80%,4.6)followed by Penicillium ruburm,Aspergillus sp.8&9(70%,4.02)were recorded as maximum comparatively in different ***,Aspergillus sp.8,Mortieralla *** Pacilomyces farinosus are isolated frequently from different banana varieties(73.33%,4.93).

关键词： Banana Fungi Endophytes Assam Phyllosphere Rhizosphere

Improvement of Bio-Efficacy to Reduce Bacterial Wilt Complex Disease in Tomatoes through Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Pseudomonas fluorescens under Field Conditions

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2021年第3期11卷 109-120页

作者： Dinesh Singh Dhananajay Kumar Yadav Harender Kumar Sharma Garima Chaudhary division of Plant Pathology ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi 110012India division of nematology ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi 110012India

Bacterial wilt complex disease of tomato(Solanum lycopersicum L.)was incited jointly by bacterial wilt pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum and Meloidogyne incognita ***-efficacy of bacterial antagonists *** DSBA-11 and *** DTPF-3 was studied against the wilt disease complex in tomato at National Phytotran facility Indian Agricultural Research Institute(IARI),New Delhi,at 26±2°*** wilt disease incidence(26.00%)with the highest bio-control efficacy(64.15%),less juvenile population(19.33 J2/g of soil)of *** was recorded in the combined application of DTPF-3+DSBA-11 after 30 d of inoculation under glasshouse *** a field study,minimum bacterial wilt disease incidences 19.0%and 20.4%were recorded in the bleaching powder treatment followed by mixed application of DSBA-11+DTPF-3,19.6%and 21.2%wilt incidence in 2014 and 2015 ***,a reduction of root-knot gall index was recorded a maximum of 59.76%and 69.62%in DSBA-11+DTPF-3 treated plants followed by 54.88%and 60.13%over control in DTPF-3 treatment in 2014 and 2015 *** yield of tomato fruit was increased over control by 17.48%and 16.97%in 2014 and 2015 respectively under field conditions.A combination of *** DTPF-3+*** DSBA-11 suppressed bacterial wilt and root-knot diseases and also increased the yield of the tomato fruit significantly(p<0.05)under field conditions.

关键词： Bacillus amyloliquefaciens bacterial wilt complex Meloidogyne incognita Ralstonia solanacearum Pseudomonas fluorescens tomato

Molecular Characterization of Indian Species of Steinernema （Nematoda： Steinernematidae） Based on Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Profile of Internal Transcribed Spacer Region of Ribosomal DNA

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2011年第3X期1卷 368-374页

作者： S. Kumar A. Yadav S. Ganguly division of nematology Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Delhi 110012 India Department of Biotechnology Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra Haryana136119 India

Restriction fragment length polymorphism （RFLP） profiles of the amplified products of Internal Transcribed Spacer （ITS） region of rDNA using four restriction enzymes （Alul, Rsal, HinfI and HhaI） revealed distinctness of six Indian isolates of Steinernema one each from Maharashtra （IARI-EPN-mh）, Himachal Pradesh （IARI-EPN-hp）, Dehradun （IARI-EPN-dhdl）, Jharkhand （IARI-EPN-jhl） and two from Madhya Pradesh （IARI-EPN-bpll ＆ IARI-EPN-gwll）, when compared with the only native species Steinernema thermophilum. One of the restriction enzyme, Rsal could differentiate all the six species/strains from one another. The three restriction enzymes yielded patterns which were of diagnostic value but Rsal appeared to be the best diagnostic marker for differentiating these isolates. A tree constructed based upon the band sharing amongst the isolates, produced trichotomy which placed strains from Madhya Pradesh and Jharkhand in one group showing 94% homology, one strain from Bhopal （M.P） formed separate clade along with S. thermophilum with 72% similarity. These isolates, from Maharashtra, Himachal Pradesh and Dehradun, showed only 51% similarity with the S. thermophilum by forming separate clade.

关键词： Entomopathogenic nematode ITS region RFLP ribosomal DNA Steinernema thermophilum molecularcharacterization.

Cold adaptation does not alter ATP homeostasis during cold exposure in Drosophila melanogaster

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第4期13卷 471-481页

作者： Caroline M.WILLIAMS James R.ROCCA Arthur S.EDISON David B.ALLISON Theodore J.MORGAN Daniel A.HAHN Department of Integrative Biology University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA Departments of Entomology and nematology University of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA Biochemistry University of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy Facility McKnight Brain InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA Departments of Genetics and Biochemistry Complex Carbohydrate Research CenterUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthIndiana University BloomingtonBloomingtonIndianaUSA division of Biology Kansas State UniversityManhattanKansasUSA

In insects and other ectotherms,cold temperatures cause a coma resulting from loss of neuromuscular function,during which ionic and metabolic homeostasis are progressively *** adaptation improves homeostasis during cold exposure,but the ultimate targets of selection are still an open *** acclimation and adaptation remodels mitochondrial metabolism in insects,suggesting that aerobic energy production during cold exposure could be a target of ***,we test the hypothesis that cold adaptation improves the ability to maintain rates of aerobic energy production during cold exposure by using^(31)P NMR on live *** lines of Drosophila melanogaster artificially selected for fast and slow recovery from a cold coma,we show that cold exposure does not lower ATP levels and that cold adaptation does not alter aerobic ATP production during cold ***-hardy and cold-susceptible lines both experienced a brief transition to anaerobic metabolism during cooling,but this was rapidly reversed during cold exposure,suggesting that oxidative phosphorylation was sufficient to meet energy demands below the critical thermal minimum,even in cold-susceptible *** thus reject the hypothesis that performance under mild low temperatures is set by aerobic ATP supply limitations in ***,excluding oxygen and capacity limitation as a weak link in energy *** work suggests that the modulations to mitochondrial metabolism resulting from cold acclimation or adaptation may arise from selection on a biosynthetic product(s)of those pathways rather than selection on ATP supply during cold exposure.

关键词： chill coma energetics insect oxygen limitation thermal tolerance

Biochemical Characterization of Detoxifying Enzymes in Dimethoate-Resistant Strains of Melon Aphid, <i>Aphis gossypii</i>(Hemiptera: Aphididae)

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Advances in Entomology 2016年第3期4卷 167-182页

作者： Dayanandam Lokeshwari Nallur Kothandaraman Krishna Kumar Hanumanthappa Manjunatha Seshadri Shivashankar division of Entomology and nematology Indian Institute of Horticultural Research Hessaraghatta Lake Post Bengaluru India division of Horticultural Science Indian Council of Agriculture Research Krishi Anusandhan Bhawan-II New Delhi India Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Kuvempu University Jnanasahyadri Shankaraghatta Shimoga India division of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Indian Institute of Horticultural Research Hessaraghatta Lake Post Bengaluru India

The melon aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a highly polyphagous sap sucking pest on wide varieties of crops including cotton and vegetables. It is a notorious vector of many plant viruses that are persistently and non-persistently transmitted. In nature, aphids are regulated by their natural enemies. However, chemical control remains a major management tool even though resistance to insecticides has been documented worldwide. A better understanding of mechanisms by which insecticide resistance occurs and its early detection is desirable to develop effective management strategies. The present investigation was conducted to study the development of resistance to an organophosphate (OP) compound-dimethoate, identify biochemical mechanism(s) involved in resistance and study cross-resistance to imidacloprid in laboratory selected A. gossypii strains in comparison to susceptible strains. Bioassay studies revealed that the LC50 values increased dramatically with dimethoate selection in resistant strains and the resistance ratio (RR) was 270-, 243- and 210-fold greater than that of the susceptible strains by 30th generation. Further, biochemical assays revealed enhanced activities of carboxylesterases (CarE), glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) and cytochrome P450-mediated p-Nitroanisole O-demethylase (PNOD) in resistant strains supporting their role in dimethoate detoxification. This study thus revealed that enhanced activity of detoxifying enzymes viz., CarE, GSTs and PNODs is one of the mechanisms underlying dimethoate resistance in A. gossypii collected from South India. Interestingly, the possibility of negatively correlated cross-resistance to imidacloprid was identified in three OP- resistant strains exhibiting 2.97-, 2.56- and 3.76-fold sensitivity to imidacloprid (a novel neonicotinoid). This indicated that the latter was less affected by the resistance mechanism(s) present.

关键词： Aphis gossypii Carboxylesterases Dimethoate Glutathione S-Transferases LC50 Melon Aphid p-Nitroanisole O-Demethylase Resistance

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