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Prostate health index can stratify patients with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 lesions on magnetic resonance imaging to reduce prostate biopsies

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第1期26卷 20-24页

作者： John Shung-Lai Leung Wai-Kit Ma Brian Sze-Ho Ho Stacia Tsun-Tsun Chun Rong Na Yongle Zhan Chi-Yuen Ng Chi-Ho Ip Ada Tsui-Lin Ng Yiu-Chung Lam division of Urology Department of SurgeryQueen Mary HospitalUniversity of Hong KongHong KongChina division of Urology Department of SurgeryPrincess Margaret HospitalHongKongChina

We aim to evaluate prostate health index as an additional risk-stratification tool in patients with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 lesions on multiparametric magnetic resonance *** with biochemical or clinical suspicion of having prostate cancer who underwent multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging in two tertiary centers(Queen Mary Hospital and Princess Margaret Hospital,Hong Kong,China)between January 2017 and June 2022 were ***-magnetic resonance imaging fusion biopsies were performed after prostate health index *** who only had Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 lesions were further stratified into four prostate health index risk groups and the cancer detection rates were *** of the 747 patients,47.3%had Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 lesions *** detection rate of clinically significant prostate cancer in this group was 15.0%.The cancer detection rates of clinically significant prostate cancer had statistically significant differences:5.3%in prostate health index<25.0,7.4%in prostate health index 25.0-34.9,17.9%in prostate health index 35.0-54.9,and 52.6%in prostate health index≥55.0(P<0.01).Among the patients,26.9%could have avoided a biopsy with a prostate health index<25.0,at the expense of a 5.3%risk of missing clinically significant prostate *** health index could be used as an additional risk stratification tool for patients with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 *** could be avoided in patients with low prostate health index,with a small risk of missing clinically significant prostate cancer.

关键词： biopsy fusion biopsy magnetic resonance imaging prostate cancer prostate health index

Thermal stability improvement and microstructure optimization of high cobalt content Nd-Fe-B magnets via terbium grain boundary diffusion

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第8期42卷 1531-1538,I0004页

作者： Jiyuan Xu Ruiyang Meng Jing Liu Jiateng Zhang Rui Han Yikun Fang Shengzhi Dong Wei Li division of Functional Materials Research Central Iron and Steel Research InstituteBeijing100081China

The substitution of Fe by Co in the 2:14:1 phase is an effective method to increase the Curie temperature and enhance the thermal stability of the Nd-Fe-B ***,the accumulation of Co ele ment at the grain boundaries(GBs) changes the GBs from nonmagnetic to ferromagnetic and causes the thinlayer GBs to become rare,In this paper,the method of diffusing Tb element was chosen to improve the microstructure and temperature stability of high-Co *** original sintered Nd_(28.5)Dy_(3)-CO_(x)e_(bal)M_(0.6)B_(i)(x=0,6 wt%,12 wt%;M = Cu,Al,Zr) magnets with different Co contents were diffused with Tb by grain boundary diffusion(GBD).After GBD,high-Co magnets exhibit more continuously distributed thin-layer GBs,and their thermal stability is significantly *** high-Co magnets(x=6 wt%),the absolute value of the temperature coefficient of coercivity decreases from 0.603%/K to0.508%/K in the temperature range of 293-413 K,that of remanence decreases from 0.099%/K to 0.091%/K,and the coercivity increases from 18.44 to 25.04 *** electron microscopy(TEM)characterization reveals that there are both the 1:2 phase and the amorphous phase in the high-Co magnet before and after GBD,EDS elemental analysis shows that Tb element is more likely to preferentially replace the rare earth elements in the 2:14:1 main phase than in the 1:2 phase and the amorphous *** concentration of Tb at the edge of the main phase is much higher than that in the 1:2phase and amorphous phase,which is beneficial to the improvement of the *** preferential replacement of Tb elements at the edge of the 2:14:1 phase and thin-layer GBs with a more continuous distribution are synergistically responsible for improving the thermal stability of high-Co *** study indicates that GBD is an effective method to improve the microstructure and thermal stability of high-Co magnets.

关键词： Nd-Fe-B magnets Coercivity Grain boundary diffusion Thermal stability Micro structure Rare earths

Diagnostic and prognostic performances of GALAD score in staging and 1-year mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma: A prospective study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第17期30卷 2343-2353页

作者： Oraphan Jitpraphawan Witchakorn Ruamtawee Mala Treewatchareekorn Supatsri Sethasine division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineNavamindradhiraj UniversityDusit 10300BangkokThailand Clinical Research Center Research Facilitation DivisionNavamindradhiraj UniversityDusit 10300BangkokThailand division of Clinical Chemistry and Immunology Navamindradhiraj UniversityDusit 10300BangkokThailand

BACKGROUND The GALAD score has improved early hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)detection *** role of the GALAD score in staging and predicting tumor characteristics or clinical outcome of HCC remains of particular *** To determine the diagnostic/prognostic performances of the GALAD score at various phases of initial diagnosis,tumor features,and 1-year mortality of HCC and compare the performance of the GALAD score with those of other serum *** This prospective,diagnostic/prognostic study was conducted among patients with newly diagnosed HCC at the liver center of Vajira *** patients had HCC staging allocation using the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer(BCLC)***,HCC etiology,and HCC features were *** and the GALAD score were obtained at *** performance of the GALAD score and biomarkers were prospectively *** Exactly 115 individuals were diagnosed with *** GALAD score increased with disease *** BCLC-0/A and BCLC-B/C/D,the GALAD score predicted HCC staging with an area under the curve(AUC)of 0.868(95%CI:0.80–0.93).For identifying the curative HCC,the AUC of GALAD score was significantly higher than that of Alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)(0.753)and Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive fraction of AFP-L3(0.706),and as good as that of Protein induced by vitamin K absence-II(PIVKA-II)(0.897).For detecting aggressive features,the GALAD score gave an AUC of 0.839(95%CI:0.75–0.92)and significantly outperformed compared to that of AFP(0.761)and AFP-L3(0.697),with a trend of superiority to that of PIVKA-II(0.772).The performance to predict 1-year mortality of GALAD score(AUC:0.711,95%CI:0.60–0.82)was better than that of AFP(0.541)and as good as that of PIVKA-II(0.736).The optimal cutoff value of GALAD score was≥6.83,with a specificity of 72.63%for exhibiting substantial reduction in the 1-year *** The GALAD model can diagnose HCC at the curative stage,includin

关键词： Alpha-fetoprotein Barcelona clinic liver cancer GALAD score Hepatocellular carcinoma Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive fraction of alpha-fetoprotein Protein induced by vitamin K absence-II

Solid-state impedance spectroscopy studies of dielectric properties and relaxation processes in Na_(2)O–V_(2)O_(5)–Nb_(2)O_(5)–P_(2)O_(5) glass

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第1期31卷 186-196页

作者： Sara Marijan Luka Pavic division of Materials Chemistry Ruđer Boskovic InstituteBijenicka 54HR-10000 ZagrebCroatia

Solid-state impedance spectroscopy(SS-IS)was used to investigate the influence of structural modifications resulting from the addition of Nb2O5 on the dielectric properties and relaxation processes in the quaternary mixed glass former(MGF)system 35Na_(2)O–10V_(2)O_(5)–(55-x)P_(2)O_(5)–xNb_(2)O_(5)(x=0–40,mol%).The dielectric parameters,including the dielectric strength and dielectric loss,are determined from the frequency and temperature-dependent complex permittivity data,revealing a significant dependence on the Nb2O5 *** transition from a predominantly phosphate glass network(x<10,region I)to a mixed niobate–phosphate glass net-work(10≤x≤20,region II)leads to an increase in the dielectric parameters,which correlates with the observed trend in the direct-cur-rent(DC)*** the predominantly niobate network(x≥25,region III),the highly polarizable nature of Nb5+ions leads to a fur-ther increase in the dielectric permittivity and dielectric *** is particularly evident in Nb-40 glass-ceramic,which contains Na_(13)Nb_(35)O_(94) crystalline phase with a tungsten bronze structure and exhibits the highest dielectric permittivity of 61.81 and the lowest loss factor of 0.032 at 303 K and 10 *** relaxation studies,analyzed through modulus formalism and complex impedance data,show that DC conductivity and relaxation processes are governed by the same mechanism,attributed to ionic *** contrast to glasses with a single peak in frequency dependence of imaginary part of electrical modulus,M″(ω),Nb-40 glass-ceramic exhibits two distinct contributions with similar relaxation *** high-frequency peak indicates bulk ionic conductivity,while the additional low-fre-quency peak is associated with the grain boundary effect,confirmed by the electrical equivalent circuit(EEC)*** scaling characteristics of permittivity and conductivity spectra,along with the electrical modulus,validate time-temperature superposition and demonstrate a

关键词： phosphate glasses glass-ceramics impedance spectroscopy dielectric properties relaxation processes permittivity scaling conductivity scaling modulus formalism

Resident immune responses to spinal cord injury:role of astrocytes and microglia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1678-1685页

作者： Sydney Brockie Cindy Zhou Michael G.Fehlings division of Genetics and Development Krembil Research InstituteUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada Institute of Medical Science University of TorontoTorontoONCanada division of Neurosurgery and Spine Program Department of SurgeryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Spinal cord injury can be traumatic or non-traumatic in origin,with the latter rising in incidence and prevalence with the aging demographics of our *** r,as the global population ages,individuals with co-existent degenerative spinal pathology comprise a growing number of traumatic spinal cord injury cases,especially involving the cervical spinal *** makes recovery and treatment approaches particula rly challenging as age and comorbidities may limit regenerative *** these reasons,it is critical to better understand the complex milieu of spinal cord injury lesion pathobiology and the ensuing inflammatory *** review discusses microglia-specific purinergic and cytokine signaling pathways,as well as microglial modulation of synaptic stability and plasticity after ***,we evaluate the role of astrocytes in neurotransmission and calcium signaling,as well as their border-forming response to neural *** the inflammatory and reparative roles of these cells have eluded our complete understanding and remain key therapeutic targets due to their extensive structural and functional roles in the nervous *** advances have shed light on the roles of glia in neurotransmission and reparative injury responses that will change how interventions are *** key processes and existing knowledge gaps will allow future research to effectively target these cells and harness their regenerative potential.

关键词： astrocytes glial signaling microglia spinal cord injury synaptic transmission

Strategy and technique for surgical treatment of Ebstein’s anomaly

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第10期137卷 1218-1224页

作者： Qingyu Wu Xiaoya Zhang Mingkui Zhang Hongyin Li Dongya Zhang Lianyi Wang Qingfeng Wu Cardiac Center Division of Cardiac SurgeryThe First Hospital of Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100016China

Background:Ebstein’s anomaly(EA)is a rare and complex congenital heart anomaly,and the effect of surgical treatment is not *** study aims to introduce our experience in management strategies,surgical techniques,and operative indications for patients with Ebstein’s ***:A retrospective study of 258 operations was performed in 253 patients by the same cardiac surgeon in The First Hospital of Tsinghua University between March 2004 and January 2020.32 patients had previously received cardiac surgery in other *** clinical data including diagnosis,operative indications,techniques,pathological changes,and survival rates were collected and ***:Anatomical correction was performed in 203(78.7%)operations,1½ventricle repair in 38(14.7%)operations,tricuspid valve repair only in four operations(1.6%),tricuspid valve replacement in ten(3.9%),total cavopulmonary connection(TCPC)in two(0.8%),and Glenn operation in one operation(0.4%).Reoperation was performed in five patients(2.0%)during *** them,tricuspid valve replacement was performed in one patient,1½ventricle repair in two patients,and tricuspid valve annulus reinforcement in two *** patients died with an early mortality rate of 2.0%.Complete atrioventricular conduction block was complicated in one patient(0.4%).A total of 244 patients was followed up(four in the 253 patients lost)with a duration of 3.0-168.0(87.6±38.4)*** function of 244 patients improved significantly with mean New York Heart Association(NYHA)functional class recovery from 3.5 to *** mean grade of tricuspid valve regurgitation improved from 3.6 to *** late deaths(1.2%)*** survival rates at five and ten years after surgery were 98.6%and 98.2%,*** was performed in five patients(2.0%)during the follow-up ***:Based on our management strategies and operative principles and techniques,anatomical correction of EA is capable of achiev

关键词： Ebstein’s anomaly Anatomical repair Surgical treatment Long-term result

An analytical approach for the fractional-order Hepatitis B model using new operator

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2024年第1期17卷 177-198页

作者： Surath Ghosh division of Mathematics School of Advanced Sciences Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennaiIndia

In this work,the main goal is to implement Homotopy perturbation transform method(HPTM)involving Katugampola fractional *** an example,a fractional order Hepatitis model is considered to analyze the *** first,the integer order model is converted to fractional order model in Caputo ***,the new operator Katugampola fractional derivative is used to present the *** new such kind of operator is illustrated in Caputo *** is described to get the solution of the proposed model using the new kind of ***,there are some analyses about the new kind of operator to prove the efficiency of the operator.

关键词： Caputo derivative Katugampola fractional derivative homotopy perturbation transform method Hepatitis B model

Red cell distribution width/platelet ratio estimates the 3-year risk of decompensation in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease-induced cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第7期30卷 685-704页

作者： Marcello Dallio Mario Romeo Paolo Vaia Salvatore Auletta Simone Mammone Marina Cipullo Luigi Sapio Angela Ragone Marco Niosi Silvio Naviglio Alessandro Federico Department of Precision Medicine Hepatogastroenterology DivisionUniversity of Campania Luigi VanvitelliNaples 80138Italy Department of Precision Medicine Clinical Biochemistry DivisionUniversity of Campania Luigi VanvitelliNaples 80138Italy

BACKGROUND For compensated advanced chronic liver disease(cACLD)patients,the first decompensation represents a dramatically worsening prognostic *** on the first decompensation event(DE),the transition to decompensated advanced chronic liver disease(dACLD)can occur through two modalities referred to as acute decompensation(AD)and non-AD(NAD),*** Significant Portal Hypertension(CSPH)is considered the strongest predictor of decompensation in these ***,due to its invasiveness and costs,CSPH is almost never evaluated in clinical ***,recognizing noninvasively predicting tools still have more appeal across healthcare *** red cell distribution width to platelet ratio(RPR)has been reported to be an indicator of hepatic fibrosis in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease(MASLD).However,its predictive role for the decompensation has never been *** In this observational study,we investigated the clinical usage of RPR in predicting DEs in MASLD-related cACLD *** Fourty controls and 150 MASLD-cACLD patients were consecutively enrolled and followed up(FUP)semiannually for 3 *** baseline,biochemical,clinical,and Liver Stiffness Measurement(LSM),Child-Pugh(CP),Model for End-Stage Liver Disease(MELD),aspartate aminotransferase/platelet count ratio index(APRI),Fibrosis-4(FIB-4),Albumin-Bilirubin(ALBI),ALBI-FIB-4,and RPR were *** FUP,DEs(timing and modaities)were *** was assessed at the baseline and on DE occurrence according to the available Clinical Practice *** Of 150 MASLD-related cACLD patients,43(28.6%)progressed to dACLD at a median time of 28.9 months(29 NAD and 14 AD).Baseline RPR values were significantly higher in cACLD in comparison to controls,as well as MELD,CP,APRI,FIB-4,ALBI,ALBI-FIB-4,and LSM in dACLD-progressing compared to cACLD individuals[all P<0.0001,except for FIB-4(P:0.007)and ALBI(P:0.011)].Receiving operator curve a

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Red blood cell distribution width Red blood cell distribution width to platelet ratio Translational Medicine Prognostic biomarker

Impact of vaccination on the dynamics of COVID-19:A mathematical study using fractional derivatives

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2024年第2期17卷 201-232页

作者： Shraddha Ramdas Bandekar Mini Ghosh C.Rajivganthi division of Mathematics School of Advanced Sciences Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennaiIndia

Arrival of a new disease marks a yearlong destruction of human lives and economy in general,and if the disease turns out to be a pandemic the loss is ***-19 is one such pandemic that has claimed millions of lives till *** is a suffering throughout the world due to various factors associated with the pandemic,be it loss of livelihoods because of sudden shutdown of companies and lockdown,or loss of lives due to lack of medical aid and inadequate vaccination *** this study,we develop a six-compartmental epidemiological model incorporating *** motivation behind the study is to analyze the significance of higher vaccination efficacy and higher rate of population getting vaccinated in controlling the rise in infectives and thereby the untimely demise of various *** work begins with an ordinary differential equation model followed by stability analysis of the same,after which a fractional-order derivative model of the same is formulated and the existence of uniformly stable solution for the system is *** addition to this,we present the stability of the equilibria in general for the fractional model *** sensitivity analysis of the basic reproduction number along with its correlation with various parameters is *** addition to this,sensitivity of certain state variables in the fractional model with respect to *** orders as well with respect to different infection rate is exhibited in this *** related to lockdown and usage of face shields are incorporated in the entire study,and importance of these is highlighted in the study as *** major takeaway from the study is that mere vaccination will not sufice in eradication of the *** vaccine efficacy plays a major role along with other intervention included in the *** numerical simulations are carried out in MATLAB software using ode45 and fdel2.

关键词： Caputo fractional derivative basic reproduction number stability analysis sensitivityanalysis vaccination