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Overexpression of wild-type HRAS drives non-alcoholic steatohepatitis to hepatocellular carcinoma in mice

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Zoological Research 2024年第3期45卷 551-566页

作者： Chen Ling Su-Su Liu Yu-Ya Wang Gui-Tao Huo Yan-Wei Yang Nan Xu Hong Wang Yong Wu Yu-Fa Miao Rui Fu Yu-Wei Zhao Chang-Fa Fan College of Life Sciences Northwest UniversityProvincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi ProvinceXi’anShaanxi 710069China division of Animal Model Research Institute for Laboratory Animal ResourcesNational Institutes for Food and Drug Control(NIFDC)Beijing 102629China National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs National Institutes for Food and Drug Control(NIFDC)Beijing 100176China division of HIV/AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Virus Vaccines Institute for Biological Products ControlNational Institutes for Food and Drug Control(NIFDC)Beijing 102629China division of Laboratory Animal monitoring Institute for Laboratory Animal ResourcesNational Institutes for Food and Drug Control(NIFDC)Beijing 102629China

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),a prevalent solid carcinoma of significant concern,is an aggressive and often fatal disease with increasing global incidence rates and poor therapeutic outcomes.The etiology and pathological progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)-related HCC is multifactorial and multistage.However,no single animal model can accurately mimic the full NASH-related HCC pathological progression,posing considerable challenges to transition and mechanistic studies.Herein,a novel conditional inducible wild-type human HRAS overexpressed mouse model(HRAS-HCC)was established,demonstrating 100%morbidity and mortality within approximately one month under normal dietary and lifestyle conditions.Advanced symptoms of HCC such as ascites,thrombus,internal hemorrhage,jaundice,and lung metastasis were successfully replicated in mice.In-depth pathological features of NASH-related HCC were demonstrated by pathological staining,biochemical analyses,and typical marker gene detections.Combined murine anti-PD-1 and sorafenib treatment effectively prolonged mouse survival,further confirming the accuracy and reliability of the model.Based on protein-protein interaction(PPI)network and RNA sequencing analyses,we speculated that overexpression of HRAS may initiate the THBS1-COL4A3 axis to induce NASH with severe fibrosis,with subsequent progression to HCC.Collectively,our study successfully duplicated natural sequential progression in a single murine model over a very short period,providing an accurate and reliable preclinical tool for therapeutic evaluations targeting the NASH to HCC continuum.

关键词： HRAS THBS1 HCC driver factor NASH Fibrosis Cirrhosis HCC Treatment evaluation

A global perspective on microbial risk factors in effluents of wastewater treatment plants

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 227-235页

作者： Kejing Chen Jinsong Liang Yuhan Wang Yechen Tao Yun Lu Aijie Wang School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Shenzhen Guohuan Environmental Protection Technology Development Co. LTD.Shenzhen 518055China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution control State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk ControlSchool of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Effective monitoring and management of microbial risk factors in wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)effluents require a comprehensive investigation of these risks.A global survey on microbial risk factors in WWTP effluents could reveal important insights into their risk features.This study aims to explore the abundance and types of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs),virulence factor genes(VFGs),the vector of ARG/VFG,and dominant pathogens in global WWTP effluents.We collected 113 metagenomes of WWTP effluents from the Sequence Read Archive of the National Center for Biotechnology Information and characterized the microbial risk factors.Our results showed that multidrug resistance was the dominant ARG type,while offensive virulence factors were the most abundant type of VFGs.The most dominant types of ARGs in the vector of plasmid and phage were both aminoglycoside resistance,which is concerning as aminoglycosides are often a last resort for treating multi-resistant infections.Acinetobacter baumannii was the most dominant pathogen,rather than Escherichia coli,and a weak negative correlation between Escherichia coli and two other dominant pathogens(Acinetobacter baumannii and Bacteroides uniformis)suggests that using Escherichia coli as a biological indicator for all pathogens in WWTP effluents may not be appropriate.The Getah virus was the most dominant virus found in global WWTP effluents.Our study presents a comprehensive global-scale investigation of microbial risk factors in WWTP effluents,providing valuable insights into the potential risks associated with WWTP effluents and contributing to the monitoring and control of these risks.

关键词： Wastewater treatment plant Microbial risk factor Effluent Pathogen Antibiotic resistance gene Virulence factor gene

Variation characteristics of acid rain in Zhuzhou,Central China over the period 2011-2020

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 496-505页

作者： Jiahao Ren Liquan Zhu Xi Zhang Yuqian Luo Xuecai Zhong Bowen Li Yuwen Wang Kai Zhang State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Zhuzhou Environment monitoring Center Zhuzhou 412000China Faculty of Environmental Engineering The University of Kitakyushu1–1 HibikinoWakamatsuKitakyushuFukuoka 808-0135Japan College of Natural Resources and Environment South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China

Zhuzhou was one of the most polluted cities in China with the serious acid rain.Due to the implementation of air pollution control measures from 2016 to 2018,the acid rain pollution in this city has reduced.In order to understand the recent situation,a comprehensive study on the acid rain was carried out from January 2011 to December 2020.The pH values during the study period varied from 3.3 to 7.5,with a volume-weighted mean value of 4.7.The predominant acidic components of the precipitation were SO_(4)^(2-)and NO_(3)^(-),accounting for 89.3% of the total anions.The ratio of non-sea-salt SO_(4)^(2-)to NO_(3)^(-)showed a decreasing trend,revealing that the pollution type of acid rain changed from sulfuric acid type to sulfuric acid and nitric acid compound type.The correlation analysis(p<0.05)showed that SO_(4)^(2-)was positively correlated with NH_(4)^(+),Ca^(2+),and Mg^(2+);hence,it predominated in precipitation as(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4),NH_(4)HSO_(4),CaSO_(4),and MgSO_(4).Significant positive correlation of Ca^(2+)with Mg^(2+)shows that they may originated mainly from crust.Significant positive correlation between SO_(4)^(2-)and F^(-)and Cl^(-)indicate that their source may be related to the non-ferrous metal smelting industry in Zhuzhou.Further correlation analysis shows that emissions from the non-ferrous metal smelting industry in the area have a large significant on SO_(4)^(2-)and F^(-)in precipitation,while Cl^(-)may still be emitted from other anthropogenic sources.

关键词： Acid rain pH Chemical composition Neutralization factor Correlation analysis

Spatial-Temporal Analysis of Drinking Water Type of Endemic Fluorosis—China,2009–2022

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China CDC weekly 2024年第2期6卷 25-29页

作者： Lijun Zhao Zhe Li Mang Li Hongna Sun Wei Wei Lin Gao Qiaoshi Zhao Yang Liu Xiaohong Ji Cheng Li Jian Wang Yanhui Gao Junrui Pei Center for Endemic Disease control Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionHarbin Medical UniversityHarbin CityHeilongjiang ProvinceChina Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province(23618504)Ministry of Health of PRHarbin Medical UniversityHarbin CityHeilongjiang ProvinceChina

What is already known about this topic?Endemic fluorosis,caused by high fluoride levels in drinking water,has been a significant health issue in rural areas of China for many decades.What is added by this report?There has been a notable decline in the detection rate of dental fluorosis in children aged 8–12 years in drinking water fluorosis areas across the country from 2009 to 2022.While 14 provincial-level administrative divisions are classified as low-probability clusters,Tianjin remains classified as a high-probability cluster.What are the implications for public health practice?The current policy for preventing and controlling endemic fluorosis in China needs adjustment.Rather than focusing solely on regions with high incidence,there should be a shift towards monitoring and early warning of fluoride exposure.Additionally,local containment measures should be intensified.

关键词： intensified Spatial fluoride

Increased Prevalence of Thyroid Nodules Across Nearly 10 Years in Shanghai,China

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Current Medical Science 2023年第1期43卷 191-197页

作者： Meng-ying QU Wei TANG Xue-ying CUI Yu-xiang JIN Zheng-yuan WANG Chang-yi GUO Xiao-dong JIA Yong-quan SHI Jia-jie ZANG division of health risk factor monitoring and control Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and PreventionShanghai200336China Department of Endocrinology Changzheng HospitalShanghai200003China Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai201203China

Objective This study aimed to determine whether the prevalence of thyroid nodules(TNs)increased due to modern lifestyles or other factors,despite the advances in screening and diagnostic tools.Methods This study included 3474 pairs of participants,who were matched by gender and age(±3 years)from two cross-sectional sampling surveys:(1)the program on the iodine nutritional status and related health status of residents in Shanghai in 2009;(2)the thyroid disease screening program for adults in Shanghai between 2017 and 2018.The prevalence of TNs and thyroid diseases in 2009 and 2017–2018 were compared,and the potential risk factors of TNs were detected.Results The prevalence of TNs in 2009 was 28.9%:22.5%in males and 34.5%in females.In 2017,this increased to 43.8%:37.9%in males and 49.1%in females.The prevalence of TNs significantly increased from 2009 to 2017(odds ratio,1.486;95%confidence interval,1.238–1.786).In addition,female gender,thyroid disease history,and age were the main risk factors for TNs after adjusting for confounders in the logistic regression across the time period.Conclusion The prevalence of TNs significantly increased across nearly 10 years in Shanghai.

关键词： thyroid nodules prevalence period difference detection technology thyroid disease

Spatial-temporal differentiation and influencing factors of rural settlements in mountainous areas: an example of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Southwestern China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 218-235页

作者： WANG Yumeng DENG Qingchun YANG Haiqing LIU Hui YANG Feng ZHAO Yakai School of Geographical Sciences China West Normal UniversityNanchong 637009China Sichuan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of monitoring and control for Soil Erosion in Dry Valleys China West Normal UniversityNanchong 637009China Liangshan Soil Erosion and Ecological Restoration in Dry Valleys Observation and Research Station Xide 616753China

Rural settlement is the basic spatial unit for compact communities in rural area. Scientific exploration of spatial-temporal differentiation and its influencing factors is the premise of spatial layout rationalization. Based on land use data of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture(hereinafter referred to as Liangshan Prefecture) in Sichuan Province, China from 1980 to 2020, compactness index, fractal dimension, imbalance index, location entropy and the optimal parameters-based geographical detector(OPGD) model are used to analyze the spatial-temporal evolution of the morphological characteristics of rural settlements, and to explore the influence of natural geographical factors, socioeconomic factors, and policy factors on the spatial differentiation of rural settlements. The results show that:(1) From 1980 to 2020, the rural settlements area in Liangshan Prefecture increased by 15.96 km^(2). In space, the rural settlements are generally distributed in a local aggregation, dense in the middle and sparse around the periphery. In 2015, the spatial density and expansion index of rural settlements reached the peak.(2) From 1980 to 2020, the compactness index decreased from 0.7636 to 0.7496, the fractal dimension increased from 1.0283 to 1.0314, and the fragmentation index decreased from 0.1183 to 0.1047. The spatial morphological structure of rural settlements tended to be loose, the shape contour tended to be complex, the degree of fragmentation decreased, and the spatial distribution was significantly imbalanced.(3) The results of OPGD detection in 2015 show that the influence of each factor is slope(0.2371) > traffic accessibility(0.2098) > population(0.1403) > regional GDP(0.1325) > elevation(0.0987) > poverty alleviation(0). The results of OPGD detection in 2020 show that the influence of each factor is slope(0.2339) > traffic accessibility(0.2198) > population(0.1432) > regional GDP(0.1219) > poverty alleviation(0.0992) > elevation(0.093). Natural geographical factors(slope and elevation) are the basic factors af

关键词： Rural settlements Location entropy Geographical detector Spatiotemporal differentiation Influencing factors

Understanding Surface Water-Groundwater Conversion Relationship and Associated Hydrogeochemistry Evolution in the Upper Reaches of Luan River Basin, North China

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第3期35卷 1010-1023页

作者： Le Zhao Chunli Su Wenbo Liu Xianjun Xie School of Environmental Studies China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source Apportionment and control of Aquatic Pollution Ministry of Ecology and EnvironmentWuhan 430078China China Geological Environmental monitoring Institute Beijing 100081China

Luan River is the main water source in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,northern China,where the groundwater system is vulnerable and pollution issue is serious.It is significant for regional groundwater resources protection to identify the hydrogeochemistry evolution and affecting factors along flow direction occurred in the upper reaches,especially the surface water-groundwater(SWGW)conversion relationship.In this study,recharge,conversion and geochemistry evolution of SW and GW were elucidated based on physical-hydrochemical indicators and stable isotopes in 36 GW samples and 20 SW samples,which were collected in July 2019 and July 2020.The factor analysis was further utilized to determine the main factors responsible for regional hydrogeochemical evolution.Results indicate that GW recharged SW in plateau area,and SW and GW recharged each other in typical Alpine valley area.The hydrochemical types are HCO3-Ca·Mg and HCO3-Ca,and the hydrochemical evolution is dominated by weathering of silicate and carbonate minerals.The cation exchange adsorption has minor impact on groundwater hydrochemistry.The rise of SO42-and NO3-contents in groundwater is related to industrial and agricultural activities.The main controlling factors of SW hydrochemical components included recharge from groundwater,industrial and mining activities,explaining 90.04%of data variance.However,water-rock interaction,agricultural and domestic sewage are responsible for GW quality,accounting for 83.38%.

关键词： groundwater water sources conversion relationship hydrogeochemical characteristics evolutional processes water-rock interaction factor analysis Luan River Basin.

Pre-combustion mercury removal with co-production of hydrogen via coal electrolysis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 382-389页

作者： Xiang Lyu Runming Tao Tianyu Zhang Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department Ohio University165 Stocker CenterAthensOH45701USA Electrification and Energy Infrastructures division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37831USA Beijing Key Lab for Source control Technology of Water Pollution College of Environmental Science and EngineeringBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source control&Eco-remediation College of Environmental Science and EngineeringBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

Pre-combustion mercury removal via coal electrolysis was performed and investigated on a bench-scale coal electrolytic cell(CEC)systemically,and factorial design was used to determine the effect of different operating conditions(coal particle size,operating temperature,operating cell voltage,and flow rate of slurry)on the percentage of mercury removal,percentage of ash removal,and dry heating value change.The results showed that the operating cell voltage,as well as the interaction between operating cell voltage and coal particle size,are significant factors in the percentage of mercury removal.There is no significant factor in the percentage of ash removal and the dry heating value change,but the coal could be purified while keeping the dry heating value almost constant after electrolysis.A co-product of hydrogen could be produced during coal electrolysis with 50%lower energy consumption compared with water electrolysis.Meanwhile,a mechanism for mercury removal in coal was proposed.The facts indicate that coal electrolysis is a promising method for precombustion mercury removal.

关键词： Pre-combustion mercury removal Coal electrolysis Ash removal Dry heating value Hydrogen production

Association Between Urinary Sodium and Potassium Excretion and Blood Pressure Among Non-Hypertensive Adults--China,2018−2019

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China CDC weekly 2022年第24期4卷 522-526页

作者： Xiaohui Guo Mei Zhang Chun Li Xiao Zhang Zhenping Zhao Zhengjing Huang Xiaoqing Deng Limin Wang division of NCD and risk factor Surveillance National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and PreventionChina CDCBeijingChina Tianjin Nankai District Center for Disease control and Prevention TianjinChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?High sodium and low potassium in 24 h urinary excretion were associated with elevated blood pressure.What is added by this report?With increasing body mass index levels,decreasing unit urinary sodium excretion was more effective in reducing systolic and diastolic blood pressure,and increasing unit urinary potassium excretion was more effective in reducing diastolic blood pressure.What are the implications for public health practice?Reducing sodium and increasing potassium intake was more effective in reducing blood pressure in overweight and obese non-hypertensive adults compared to underweight and normal weight adults.

关键词： potassium Blood What