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Impacts of emission reduction and meteorological conditions on air quality improvement from 2016 to 2020 in the Northeast Plain,China

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2025年第5期151卷 484-496页

作者： Xueling Yang Qiyuan Wang Lang Liu Jie Tian Hailing Xie Luyao Wang Yue Cao Steven Sai Hang Ho Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary GeologyInstitute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China Xi’an Institute for Innovative Earth environment research Xi’an 710061China National Observation and research Station of Regional Ecological environment Change and Comprehensive Management in the Guanzhong Plain Xi’an 710061China College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China division of Atmospheric Sciences Desert Research InstituteRenoNV 89512USA

The Northeast Plain in China ranks among the top five regions that have been significantly impacted by haze *** effectively control pollution,it is crucial to accurately assess the effects of emission reduction *** this study,we analyzed surveillance data and found substantial decreases(ranging from 19.0%to 50.1%)in average annual mass concentrations of key pollutants(such as CO,SO_(2),NO_(2),and PM_(2.5))in the Northeast Plain from 2016 to *** precisely determine the contributions of meteorological conditions and emission reductions to the improvement of air quality in the Northeast Plain,we conducted three scenario *** comparing source emissions in December 2016 and 2020 using the WRF-Chem model(except for SO_(2)),we observed significant reductions of 21.3%,8.8%,and 9.8%in mass concentrations of PM_(2.5),NO_(2),and CO,respectively,from 2016 to *** highlights the essential role that meteorological conditions play in determining air quality in the Northeast ***,further reducing source emissions by 30%in December 2016 resulted in subsequent reductions of 25.3%,29.0%,4.5%,and 30.3%in mass concentrations of PM_(2.5),SO_(2),NO_(2),and CO,respectively,under the same meteorological ***,source emission reduction was effective for PM_(2.5),SO_(2),and CO,but not for NO_(2).The improvement in air quality in the Northeast Plain from 2016 to 2020 can be attributed to the combined effects of improved meteorological conditions and reduced pollution sources.

关键词： Air quality Emission reduction Meteorological conditions The Northeast Plain WRF-Chem

Effect of preprocessing on performances of machine learning-based mineral composition analysis on gas hydrate sediments, Ulleung Basin, East Sea

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Petroleum Science 2025年第1期22卷 151-162页

作者： Hongkeun Jin Ju Young Park Sun Young Park Byeong-Kook Son Baehyun Min Kyungbook Lee Department of Geoenvironmental Sciences Kongju National University Tunnel & Underground Facility division ESCO Consultant & Engineers Company Yellow Sea Institute of Geoenvironmental Sciences Petroleum and Marine research division Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources Department of Climate and Energy Systems Engineering Ewha Womans University Center for Climate/environment Change Prediction research Ewha Womans University

Gas hydrate(GH) is an unconventional resource estimated at 1000-120,000 trillion *** on GH is ongoing to determine its geological and flow characteristics for commercial production. After two large-scale drilling expeditions to study the GH-bearing zone in the Ulleung Basin, the mineral composition of 488 sediment samples was analyzed using X-ray diffraction(XRD). Because the analysis is costly and dependent on experts, a machine learning model was developed to predict the mineral composition using XRD intensity profiles as input data. However, the model's performance was limited because of improper preprocessing of the intensity profile. Because preprocessing was applied to each feature, the intensity trend was not preserved even though this factor is the most important when analyzing mineral composition. In this study, the profile was preprocessed for each sample using minmax scaling because relative intensity is critical for mineral analysis. For 49 test data among the 488data, the convolutional neural network(CNN) model improved the average absolute error and coefficient of determination by 41% and 46%, respectively, than those of CNN model with feature-based preprocessing. This study confirms that combining preprocessing for each sample with CNN is the most efficient approach for analyzing XRD data. The developed model can be used for the compositional analysis of sediment samples from the Ulleung Basin and the Korea Plateau. In addition, the overall procedure can be applied to any XRD data of sediments worldwide.

关键词： Sample-based preprocessing X-ray diffraction (XRD) Machine learning Mineral composition Gas hydrate (GH) Ulleung basin

Characterization and source apportionment of volatile organic compounds in Hong Kong:A 5-year study for three different archetypical sites

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2025年第5期151卷 424-440页

作者： Yuchen Mai Vincent Cheung Peter K.K.Louie Kenneth Leung Jimmy C.H.Fung Alexis K.H.Lau Donald R.B.lake Dasa Gu division of environment and Sustainability The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong 999077China environmental Protection Department Hong Kong 999077China environment and Ecology Bureau Hong Kong 999077China Department of Chemistry University of CaliforniaIrvine 92617USA

Initial success has been achieved in Hong Kong in controlling primary air pollutants,but ambient ozone levels kept increasing during the past three *** organic compounds(VOCs)are important for mitigating ozone pollution as its major *** study analyzed VOC characteristics of roadside,suburban,and rural sites in Hong Kong to investigate their compositions,concentrations,and source *** showthat the TVOC concentrations were 23.05±13.24,12.68±15.36,and 5.16±5.48 ppbv for roadside,suburban,and rural sites between May 2015 to June 2019,*** using Positive Matrix Factorization(PMF)model,six sources were identified at the roadside site over five years:Liquefied petroleum gas(LPG)usage(33%–46%),gasoline evaporation(8%–31%),aged air mass(11%–28%),gasoline exhaust(5%–16%),diesel exhaust(2%–16%)and fuel filling(75–9%).Similarly,six sources were distinguished at the suburban site,including LPG usage(30%–33%),solvent usage(20%–26%),diesel exhaust(14%–26%),gasoline evaporation(8%–16%),aged air mass(4%–11%),and biogenic emissions(2%–5%).At the rural site,four sources were identified,including aged airmass(33%–51%),solvent usage(25%–30%),vehicular emissions(11%–28%),and biogenic emissions(6%–12%).The analysis further revealed that fuel filling and LPG usage were the primary contributors to OFP and OH reactivity at the roadside site,while solvent usage and biogenic emissions accounted for almost half of OFP and OH reactivity at the suburban and rural sites,*** findings highlight the importance of identifying and characterizing VOC sources at different sites to help policymakers develop targeted measures for pollution mitigation in specific areas.

关键词： Volatile organic compounds Positive matrix factorization Source apportionment Ozone formation

Vertical variations in planar lamination of marine shale: Elucidating hydrodynamic changes during the Ordovician-Silurian transition on the Upper Yangtze Block

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2025年第01期14卷 221-244页

作者： Zhen-Sheng Shi Tian-Qi Zhou Hui-Bo Song Yong-Bin Niu Sha-Sha Sun Department of Unconventional Oil and Gas Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and DevelopmentPetroChina College of Resources and environment Henan Polytechnic University

The hydrodynamics and their evolution on the Upper Yangtze Block during the Ordovician-Silurian transition period remain unclear. The present study is an assessment of how regional and global events may have influenced the hydrodynamic evolution based on a planar lamination investigation of the shales from the Upper Yangtze Block. Analyses of large thin sections and argon-ion polished thin sections using field emission-scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM) showed that there are four types of planar lamination, namely, silty graded planar lamination(SGPL), silt-clay graded planar lamination(SCGPL), silt-clay interlaminated planar lamination(SCIPL), and paper-like planar lamination(PPL). SGPL is formed by turbidity current with a flow speed less than 15 cm/s. SCGPL is formed by turbidity currents with a flow speed less than 15 cm/s for normal grading type and 15-25 cm/s for alternating grading type. SCIPL has a continuum of sparsely spaced type, closely spaced type, and alternating type, which is formed by bottom current with an increasing flow speed from 15 to 25 cm/s to above 25 cm/s. PPL can be divided into normal grading and composite grading types. The former is formed by vertical settling, while the latter is formed by bottom current with a flow speed of 5-15 cm/s. Vertically, types of planar lamination varied from SGPL to PPL and then SCIPL manifesting the waxing and waning of flow speed with a positive excursion at graptolite biozone Metabolograptus extraordinarius(WF4) and a negative excursion at graptolite biozone Persculptograptus persculptus(LM1). The sudden decrease in flow speed across Linxiang and graptolite biozone Paraorthograptus pacificus(WF3) and the subsequent progressive increase from graptolite biozone Akidograptus ascensus(LM2)to graptolite biozone Demirastrites triangulatus(LM6) and to graptolite biozone Stimulograptus sedgwickii(LM8) during deposition of the Ordovician-Silurian transition succession on the Upper Yangtze Block were linked to th

关键词： Planar lamination Wufeng Formation Longmaxi Formation Ocean circulation Black shale

Higher abundance of DLD protein in buffalobull spermatozoa causes elevated ROSproduction leading to early sperm capacitationand reduction in fertilizing ability

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2025年第1期16卷 107-120页

作者： Seema Karanwal Ankit Pal Fanny Josan Aditya Patel Jatinder Singh Chera Sonam Yadav Vikrant Gaur Preeti Verma Shiva Badrhan Vitika Chauhan Mukesh Bhakat Tirtha Kumar Datta Rakesh Kumar Animal Genomics Laboratory Animal Biotechnology DivisionICAR-National Dairy Research InstituteKarnalHaryanaIndia NBGC Laboratory National Bureau of Animal Genetics ResourcesKarnalHaryanaIndia Artificial Breeding research Centre LPM DivisionICAR-National Dairy Research InstituteKarnalHaryanaIndia ICAR-Central Institute of research On Goat MakhdoomMathuraUttar PradeshIndia ICAR-Central Institute for research On Buffaloes HisarHaryanaIndia

Backgroud Before fertilization,spermatozoa undergo a crucial maturation step called capacitation,which is a unique event regulates the sperm’s ability for successful *** capacitation process takes place as the spermatozoa pass through the female reproductive tract(FRT).Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase(DLD)protein is a post-pyruvate metabolic enzyme,exhibiting reactive oxygen species(ROS)production which causes ***,other vital functions of DLD in buffalo spermatozoa are hyperactivation and acrosome *** produces the optimum amount of ROS required to induce capacitation process in *** on physiological or patho-physiological conditions,DLD can either enhance or attenuate the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS).Aim of this study was to investigate whether changes in the production of ROS in sperm cells can impact their ability to fertilize by triggering the capacitation and acrosome *** In this study,abundance of DLD protein was quantified between high(n=5)and low fertile bull(n=5)*** was found that compared to high-fertile(HF)bulls,low-fertile(LF)bulls exhibited significantly(P<0.05)higher DLD ***,we optimised the MICA concentration to inhibit DLD function,spermatozoa were treated with MICA in time(0,1,2,3,4,and 5 h)and concentrations(1,2.5,5,and 10 mmol/L)dependent *** DLD inhibition was found to be at 4 h in 10 mmol/L MICA concentration,which was used for further exper-imentation in HF and *** on DLD inhibition it was seen that LF bull spermatozoa exhibited significantly(P<0.05)higher ROS production and acrosome reaction in comparison to the HF bull *** kinematic parameters of the spermatozoa such as percent total motility,velocity parameters(VCL,VSL,and VAP)and other parameters(BCF,STR,and LIN)were also decreased in MICA treated spermatozoa in comparison to the control(capacitated)*** The present study provides an initial

关键词： Acrosome reaction Capacitation High fertile bull Low fertile bull Protein Reactive oxygen species Spermatozoa

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Modification of polypropylene separator with multifunctional layers to achieve highly stable sodium metal anode

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 223-232页

作者： Aadil Nabi Chishti Sikandar Iqbal Muhammad Ali Moazzam Ali Samia Aman Hamid Hussain Muhammad Yousaf Yinzhu Jiang Future Science research Institute ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Zhejiang University School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University School of Chemistry Zhejiang University

Separator modification is an effective approach to suppress dendrite growth to realize high-energy sodium metal batteries（SMBs） in practical applications,however,its success is mainly subject to surface ***,a separator with multifunctional layers composed of N-doped mesoporous hollow carbon spheres（HCS） as the inner layer and sodium fluoride（NaF） as the outer layer on commercial polypropylene separator（PP） is proposed（PP@HCS-NaF） to achieve stable cycling in *** the molecular level,the inner HCS layer with a high content of pyrrolic-N induces the uniform Na+flux as a potential Na+redistributor for homogenous deposition,whereas its hollow mesoporous structure offers nanoporous buffers and ion channels to regulate Na+ion distribution and uniform *** outer layer（NaF） constructs the NaF-enriched robust solid electrolyte interphase layer,significantly lowering the Na+ions diffusion *** from these merits,higher electrochemical performances are achieved with multifunctional double-layered PP@HCS-NaF separators compared with single-layered separators（***@HCS or PP@NaF） in *** Na‖Cu half-cell with PP@HCS-NaF offers stable cycling（280 cycles）with a high CE（99.6%）,and Na‖Na symmetric cells demonstrate extended lifespans for over 6000 h at 1 mA cm-2with a progressively stable overpotential of 9 ***,in Na‖NVP full-cells,the PP@HCS-NaF separator grants a stable capacity of ～81 mA h g-1after 3500 cycles at 1 C and an impressive rate capability performance(～70 mA h g-1at 15 C).

关键词： Enhanced cyclic stability Multifunctional layers NaF-enriched SEI layer Separator modification Sodium metal batteries

Optimization of an Artificial Intelligence Database and Camera Installation for Recognition of Risky Passenger Behavior in Railway Vehicles

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 1277-1293页

作者： Min-kyeong Kim Yeong Geol Lee Won-Hee Park Su-hwan Yun Tae-Soon Kwon Duckhee Lee Railroad Test&Certification division Korea Railroad Research Institute(KRRI)Cheoldo BangmulgwanroUiwang-si16105Republic of Korea Railroad Safety division Korea Railroad Research Institute(KRRI)Cheoldo BangmulgwanroUiwang-si16105Republic of Korea

Urban railways are vital means of public transportation in *** than 30%of metropolitan residents use the railways,and this proportion is expected to *** enhance safety,the government has mandated the installation of closed-circuit televisions in all carriages by ***,cameras still monitored *** address this limitation,we developed a dataset of risk factors and a smart detection system that enables an immediate response to any abnormal behavior and intensive monitoring *** created an innovative learning dataset that takes into account seven unique risk factors specific to Korean railway *** data collection was conducted across the Shinbundang Line of the Incheon Transportation Corporation,and the Ui-Shinseol *** observed several behavioral characteristics and assigned unique annotations to *** also considered carriage *** performance was evaluated by camera placement and *** the camera installation plan was *** dataset will find immediate applications in domestic railway *** artificial intelligence algorithms will be verified shortly.

关键词： AI railway vehicle risk factor smart detection AI training data

Joint Retrieval of PM_(2.5) Concentration and Aerosol Optical Depth over China Using Multi-Task Learning on FY-4A AGRI

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2025年第1期42卷 94-110页

作者： Bo LI Disong FU Ling YANG Xuehua FAN Dazhi YANG Hongrong SHI Xiang’ao XIA Electronic Engineering College Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225China Tianjin Meteorological Radar research Trial Center Tianjin Meteorological BureauTianjin 300074China Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and global environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China research Centre on Meteorological Observation Engineering Technology China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Atmospheric environment and Extreme Meteorology Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Aerosol optical depth(AOD)and fine particulate matter with a diameter of less than or equal to 2.5μm(PM_(2.5))play crucial roles in air quality,human health,and climate ***,the complex correlation of AOD–PM_(2.5)and the limitations of existing algorithms pose a significant challenge in realizing the accurate joint retrieval of these two parameters at the same *** this point,a multi-task learning(MTL)model,which enables the joint retrieval of PM_(2.5)concentration and AOD,is proposed and applied on the top-of-the-atmosphere reflectance data gathered by the Fengyun-4A Advanced Geosynchronous Radiation Imager(FY-4A AGRI),and compared to that of two single-task learning models—namely,Random Forest(RF)and Deep Neural Network(DNN).Specifically,MTL achieves a coefficient of determination(R^(2))of 0.88 and a root-mean-square error(RMSE)of 0.10 in AOD *** comparison to RF,the R^(2)increases by 0.04,the RMSE decreases by 0.02,and the percentage of retrieval results falling within the expected error range(Within-EE)rises by 5.55%.The R^(2)and RMSE of PM_(2.5)retrieval by MTL are 0.84 and 13.76μg m~(-3)*** with RF,the R^(2)increases by 0.06,the RMSE decreases by 4.55μg m~(-3),and the Within-EE increases by 7.28%.Additionally,compared to DNN,MTL shows an increase of 0.01 in R^(2)and a decrease of 0.02 in RMSE in AOD retrieval,with a corresponding increase of 2.89%in *** PM_(2.5)retrieval,MTL exhibits an increase of 0.05 in R^(2),a decrease of 1.76μg m~(-3)in RMSE,and an increase of 6.83%in *** evaluation suggests that MTL is able to provide simultaneously improved AOD and PM_(2.5)retrievals,demonstrating a significant advantage in efficiently capturing the spatial distribution of PM_(2.5)concentration and AOD.

关键词： AOD PM_(2.5) FY-4A multi-task learning joint retrieval

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Characteristics of catalytic destruction of dichloromethane and ethyl acetate mixture over HxPO4-RuOx/CeO2 catalyst

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2025年第2期148卷 336-349页

作者： Jiawen Chen Qingjie Meng Feng Bi Jingkun Chen Xiaole Weng Zhongbiao Wu Key Laboratory of environment Remediation and Ecological Health Ministry of EducationCollege of Environmental and Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China School of Civil&environmental Engineering and Geography Science Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China ZJU-Hangzhou global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Hangzhou 311200China Zhejiang Provincial Engineering research Centre of Industrial Boiler&Furnace Flue Gas Pollution Control Hangzhou 310058China

Catalytic destruction is an ascendant technology for the abatement of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)originating fromsolvent-based industrial *** varied composition tends to influence each VOC’s catalytic behavior in the reaction *** investigated the catalytic destruction of multi-component VOCs including dichloromethane(DCM)and ethyl acetate(EA),as representatives from pharmaceutical waste gases,over co-supported HxPO_(4)-RuOx/CeO_(2) catalyst.A mutual inhibitory effect relating to concentrations because of competitive adsorption was verified in the binary VOCs oxidation and EA posed a more negative effect on DCM oxidation owing to EA’s superior adsorption *** adsorption of EA on acidic sites(HxPO_(4)/CeO_(2))promoted DCM activation on basic sites(O^(2−))and the dominating EA oxidation blocked DCM’s access to oxidation centers(RuOx/CeO_(2)),resulting in boosted monochloromethane yield and increased chlorine deposition for DCM *** impaired redox ability of Ru species owing to chlorine deposition in turn jeopardized deep oxidation of EA and its by-products,leading to increased gaseous by-products such as acetic acid originating fromEA ***,DCM at low concentration slightly promoted EA conversion at low temperatures with or without water,consistent with the enhanced EA adsorption in co-adsorption *** was mainly due to that DCM impeded the shielding effect of hydrolysate deposition from rapid EA hydrolysis depending on the decreased ***,water benefited EA hydrolysis but decreased CO_(2) selectivity while the generated water derived from EA was likely to affect DCM *** work may provide theoretical guidance for the promotion of applied catalysts toward industrial applications.

关键词： Catalytic destruction Multi-component VOCs Mixture effect Interaction mechanism