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The role of gut microbiota associated metabolites in digestive disorders

Engineered Regeneration 2024年第2期5卷 228-246页

作者： Na Li Cheng Zhao Pingnan Zhang Songting Wu Xiaotan Dou Saifei Xu Xiaoqi Zhang Chunyan Peng Ying Xie Shuling Huang Lin Zhou Yonghua Shen Lei Wang Jinglin Wang Chenggong Yu Department of gastroenterology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjing210008China division of hepatobiliary and Transplantation Surgery Department of Gernal SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjing210008China

The gut has been a focal point in the research of digestive system *** internal microbiota generates metabolites that function as signaling molecules and substrates,interacting with the intestinal wall and influ-encing host physiology and ***,the gut microbiota and metabolites owe highly diverse types and quantities,posing challenges for quantitative analysis,and monitoring frequent interactions between diges-tive tract metabolites and the intestinal wall remains a ***,research targeting gut microbiota metabolites has elucidated their relevance to digestive *** modulating metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids,bile acids,and lipopolysaccharides,it is possible to intervene in the progression of diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver ***,research on gut microbiota is advancing,and more work is required to explore the interactions between host,microbes and underlying *** this review,we have revisited the generation of gut microbiota-related metabolites,their impact on diseases,and modes of interaction,emphasizing the significant role of metabolites in digestive system *** is believed that the linkage between gut microbiota and diseases in current research can be established through metabolites,providing a framework and foundation for research in the field of metabolomics and fundamental mechanisms.

关键词： Gut microbial metabolites Digestive disorders Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)

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Do we really need a standardized approach to spontaneously ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma?

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hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第1期13卷 191-193页

作者： Tomoki Sempokuya Linda L.Wong division of gastroenterology and hepatology Department of MedicineJohn A.Burns School of MedicineUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHIUSA Department of Surgery John A.Burns School of MedicineUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHIUSA

hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in Asian and African countries due to a high prevalence of chronic hepatitis B infections(1,2).The vast majority of current studies focus on the treatment of HCC itself rather than complications from HCC.A potentially life-threatening complication of HCC is spontaneous rupture,and its prevalence has been reportedly to be 5-15%of all HCC cases(1).This is the third leading cause of HCC-related death after tumor progression and liver failure,and there is a high mortality associated with rupture(3,4).

关键词： hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) spontaneous rupture liver resection trans-arterial embolization(TAE)

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Dynamic ultrasonography for optimizing treatment position in superior mesenteric artery syndrome:Two case reports and review of literature

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第5期30卷 499-508页

作者： Nobuaki Hasegawa Akihiko Oka Muyiwa Awoniyi Yuri Yoshida Hiroshi Tobita Norihisa Ishimura Shunji Ishihara Department of Internal Medicine II Shimane University Faculty of MedicineIzumo 693-8501ShimaneJapan Department of gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDigestive Disease and Surgery InstituteHepatology SectionCleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Clinical Laboratory division Shimane University HospitalIzumo 693-8501ShimaneJapan division of hepatology Shimane University HospitalIzumo 693-8501Japan

BACKGROUND Superior mesenteric artery(SMA)syndrome is a rare cause of duodenal obstruction by extrinsic compression between the SMA and the aorta(SMA-Ao).Although the left lateral recumbent position is considered effective in the treatment of SMA syndrome,individual variations in the optimal patient position have been *** this report,we present two elderly cases of SMA syndrome that exhibited rapid recovery due to ultrasonographic dynamic evaluation of the optimal position for each *** SUMMARY Case 1:A 90-year-old man with nausea and *** diagnosis of SMA syndrome by computed tomography(CT),ultrasonography(US)revealed the SMA-Ao distance in the supine position(4 mm),which slightly improved in the lateral position(5.7–7.0 mm)without the passage of duodenal ***,in the sitting position,the SMA-Ao distance was increased to 15 mm accompanied by improved content ***,US indicated enhanced passage upon abdominal massage on the right *** day 2,the patient could eat comfortably with the optimal position and *** 2:An 87-year-old woman with *** the diagnosis of SMA syndrome and aspiration pneumonia by CT,dynamic US confirmed the optimal position(SMA-Ao distance was improved to 7 mm in forward-bent position,whereas it remained at 5 mm in the supine position).By day 7 when her pneumonia recovered,she could eat with the optimal *** The optimal position for SMA syndrome varies among *** US appears to be a valuable tool in improving patient outcomes.

关键词： Superior mesenteric artery syndrome Wilkie’s syndrome Cast syndrome Aorto-mesenteric compass syndrome Ultrasonography Case report

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Benefits of endoscopic gallbladder stenting following percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第9期16卷 2902-2909页

作者： Fumitaka Niiya Naoki Tamai Masataka Yamawaki Jun Noda Tetsushi Azami Yuichi Takano Fumiya Nishimoto Masatsugu Nagahama division of gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineShowa University Fujigaoka HospitalYokohama 227-8501KanagawaJapan

BACKGROUND Endoscopic transpapillary gallbladder drainage is challenging because of the complexity of the procedure and high incidence of adverse events(AEs).To overcome these problems,endoscopic gallbladder stenting(EGBS)after percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage(PTGBD)can be effective,as it mitigates inflammation and *** To examine the benefits of EGBS after PTGBD to assess its efficacy and impact on *** We retrospectively analyzed data from 35 patients who underwent EGBS after PTGBD at a single center between January 2016 and December *** primary outcomes were technical success and AEs,and the rate of recurrent cholecystitis was *** addition,the reasons for the failure of the procedure were *** Among the 35 patients,the technical success rate was 77.1%and the final contrast of the cystic duct was successful in 97.1%of *** incidence of early AEs was relatively low(11.4%),with no instances of cystic duct *** rate of recurrent cholecystitis was 3.7%,and no other biliary events were *** EGBS after PTGBD may be significantly beneficial,with a substantial success rate and minimal AEs in both short-and long-term follow-ups.

关键词： Endoscopy Gallbladder Stents Drainage Adverse events Cholecystitis Follow-up Cystic duct

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Exploiting open source omics data to advance pancreas research

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Journal of Pancreatology 2024年第1期7卷 21-27页

作者： Gayathri Swaminathan Toshie Saito Sohail Z.Husain division of gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of PediatricsStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCA

The"omics"revolution has transformed the biomedical research landscape by equipping scientists with the ability to interrogate complex biological phenomenon and disease processes at an unprecedented *** volume of"big"data generated by the different omics studies such as genomics,transcriptomics,proteomics,and metabolomics has led to the concurrent development of computational tools to enable in silico analysis and aid data *** the intensive resources and high costs required to generate and analyze big data,there has been centralized,collaborative efforts to make the data and analysis tools freely available as"Open Source,"to benefit the wider research *** research studies have contributed to this"big data rush"and have additionally benefitted from utilizing the open source data as evidenced by the increasing number of new research findings and publications that stem from such *** this review,we briefly introduce the evolution of open source omics data,data types,the"FAIR"guiding principles for data management and reuse,and centralized platforms that enable free and fair data accessibility,availability,and provide tools for omics data *** illustrate,through the case study of our own experience in mining pancreatitis omics data,the power of repurposing open source data to answer translationally relevant questions in pancreas research.

关键词： Gene expression Omics Open source data Pancreatitis

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Heterogeneity in the risk of incident liver cirrhosis driven by PNPLA3 genotype and diabetes among different populations

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hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第1期13卷 115-118页

作者： Bo Kyung Koo Dong Hyeon Lee Jeong Hwan Park Won Kim division of Endocrinology Department of Internal MedicineBoramae Medical CenterSeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea division of gastroenterology and hepatology Department of Internal MedicineBoramae Medical CenterSeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Pathology Boramae Medical CenterSeoulRepublic of Korea

Advanced fibrosis determines the prognosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD);therefore,accurate risk-prediction for advanced fibrosis is fundamental in the management of NAFLD(1).Targeted screening for advanced fibrosis in high-risk populations,such as those with type 2 diabetes,obesity with metabolic complications,a family history of cirrhosis,or significant alcohol use is recommended for implementing early intervention to prevent future adverse hepatic outcomes of NAFLD(2,3).Non-invasive tests including fibrosis-4 index(FIB-4)and liver stiffness measurement(LSM)are recommended to identify individuals at a higher risk of liver-related events(1,2).In addition to clinical classifications,such as FIB-4;genetic information provides further stratification for liver-related outcomes(4).

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) cirrhosis PNPLA3-rs738409

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Stage at diagnosis of colorectal cancer through diagnostic route:Who should be screened?

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第10期30卷 1368-1376页

作者： Nobukazu Agatsuma Takahiro Utsumi Yoshitaka Nishikawa Takahiro Horimatsu Takeshi Seta Yukitaka Yamashita Yukari Tanaka Takahiro Inoue Yuki Nakanishi Takahiro Shimizu Mikako Ohno Akane Fukushima Takeo Nakayama Hiroshi Seno Department of gastroenterology and hepatology Kyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyoto 606-8507Japan Department of gastroenterology and hepatology Japanese Red Cross Wakayama Medical CenterWakayama 640-8558Japan Department of Health Informatics Kyoto University School of Public HealthKyoto 606-8501Japan Institute for Advancement of Clinical and Translational Science(iACT) Kyoto University HospitalKyoto 606-8507Japan Medical Support Section Medical Affairs DivisionKyoto University HospitalKyoto 606-8507Japan

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a global health concern,with advanced-stage diagnoses contributing to poor *** efficacy of CRC screening has been well-established;nevertheless,a significant proportion of patients remain unscreened,with>70%of cases diagnosed outside *** identifying specific subgroups for whom CRC screening should be particularly recommended is crucial owing to limited resources,the association between the diagnostic routes and identification of these subgroups has been less *** the Japanese cancer registry,the diagnostic routes for groups discovered outside of screening are primarily categorized into those with comorbidities found during hospital visits and those with CRC-related *** To clarify the stage at CRC diagnosis based on diagnostic *** We conducted a retrospective observational study using a cancer registry of patients with CRC between January 2016 and December 2019 at two *** diagnostic routes were primarily classified into three groups:Cancer screening,follow-up,and *** early-stage was defined as Stages 0 or *** and univariate logistic regressions were exploited to determine the odds of early-stage diagnosis in the symptomatic and cancer screening groups,referencing the follow-up *** adjusted covariates were age,sex,and tumor *** Of the 2083 patients,715(34.4%),1064(51.1%),and 304(14.6%)belonged to the follow-up,symptomatic,and cancer screening groups,*** the 2083 patients,CRCs diagnosed at an early stage were 57.3%(410 of 715),23.9%(254 of 1064),and 59.5%(181 of 304)in the follow-up,symptomatic,and cancer screening groups,*** symptomatic group exhibited a lower likelihood of early-stage diagnosis than the follow-up group[P<0.001,adjusted odds ratio(aOR),0.23;95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.19-0.29].The likelihood of diagnosis at an early stage was similar between the follow-up and cancer screening gro

关键词： Colorectal neoplasms Cancer registry Diagnostic route Cancer screening Stage at diagnosis

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Genetic risk stratification of inflammatory bowel disease-associated venous thromboembolism:An Asian perspective

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1250-1252页

作者： James Guoxian Huang division of gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of PaediatricsKhoo Teck Puat-National University Children’s Medical InstituteNational University Health SystemSingapore 119228Singapore Department of Paediatrics Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 119228Singapore

The utilisation of polygenic scoring models may enhance the clinician’s ability to risk stratify an inflammatory bowel disease patient’s individual risk for venous thromboembolism(VTE)and guide the appropriate usage... 详细信息

关键词： Thromboembolism Inflammatory bowel disease Genetic screening Venous thromboembolism Thromboprophylaxis

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Routine utilization of machine perfusion in liver transplantation:Ready for prime time?

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第11期30卷 1488-1493页

作者： Alessandro Parente Keyue Sun Philipp Dutkowski AM James Shapiro Andrea Schlegel Department of Surgery Division of TransplantationUniversity of Alberta HospitalEdmonton T6G 2B7Canada Immunity and Inflammation Lerner Research InstituteClevelandOH 44195United States Swiss hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center Department of Visceral and Transplantation SurgeryUniversity Hospital ZurichZurich 8091Switzerland Immunity and Inflammation Digestive Disease and Surgery InstituteClevelandOH 44195United States

The last decade has been notable for increasing high-quality research and dramatic improvement in outcomes with dynamic liver *** evidence from numerous randomized controlled trials has been pooled by meta-analyses,providing the highest available evidence on the protective effect of machine perfusion(MP)over static cold storage in liver transplantation(LT).Based on a protective effect with less complications and improved graft survival,the field has seen a paradigm shift in organ *** editorial focuses on the role of MP in LT and how it could become the new“gold standard”.Strong collaborative efforts are needed to explore its effects on long-term outcomes.

关键词： Liver transplantation Machine perfusion Viability assessment Hypothermic oxygenated perfusion Normothermic machine perfusion

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Prevalence and risk factors for impaired renal function among Asian patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 241-248页

作者： Chao Sun George Boon-Bee Goh Wan-Cheng Chow Wah-Kheong Chan Grace Lai-Hung Wong Wai-Kay Seto Yi-Hsiang Huang Han-Chieh Lin I-Cheng Lee Hye Won Lee Seung Up Kim Vincent Wai-Sun Wong Jian-Gao Fan Center for Fatty Liver Disease Department of GastroenterologyXinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai Key Lab of Pediatric Gastroenterology and NutritionShanghai 200092China Department of gastroenterology&hepatology Singapore General HospitalSingaporeSingapore gastroenterology and hepatology Unit Department of MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Medicine and Therapeutics and State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Institute of Clinical Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of MedicineTaipeiTaiwanChina division of gastroenterology and hepatology Taipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwanChina Faculty of Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of MedicineTaipeiTaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea

Background:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is associated with impaired renal function,and both diseases often occur alongside other metabolic ***,the prevalence and risk factors for impaired renal function in patients with NAFLD remain *** objective of this study was to identify the prevalence and risk factors for renal impairment in NAFLD ***:All adults aged 18-70 years with ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD and transient elastography examination from eight Asian centers were enrolled in this prospective *** fibrosis and cirrhosis were assessed by FibroScan-aspartate aminotransferase(FAST),Agile 3+and Agile 4 *** renal function and chronic kidney disease(CKD)were defined by an estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)with value oflogy Collaboration(CKD-EPI)***:Among 529 included NAFLD patients,the prevalence rates of impaired renal function and CKD were 37.4%and 4.9%,*** multivariate analysis,a moderate-high risk of advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis according to Agile 3+and Agile 4 scores were independent risk factors for CKD(P<0.05).Furthermore,increased fasting plasma glucose(FPG)and blood pressure were significantly associated with impaired renal function after controlling for the other components of metabolic syndrome(P<0.05).Compared with patients with normoglycemia,those with prediabetes[FPG≥5.6 mmol/L or hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)≥5.7%]were more likely to have impaired renal function(P<0.05).Conclusions:Agile 3+and Agile 4 are reliable for identifying NAFLD patients with high risk of *** glycemic control in the prediabetic stage might have a potential renoprotective role in these patients.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Impaired renal function Agile 3+ Agile 4 Metabolic syndrome

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