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Historical variations in autochthonous and allochthonous sediment supplies to the largest freshwater lake in Central India

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2022年第5期37卷 563-575页

作者： Nafees Ahmad Satinder Pal Singh Aasif Mohmad Lone Abul Qasim Ravi Bhushan Gyana Ranjan Tripathy Chinmay Shah Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Geosciences division Physical Research Laboratory Department of Earth and Climate Science Indian Institute of Science Education and Research

Lacustrine sediment preserves high-resolution biogeochemical records of past variations in watershed processes controlling lake sedimentation. The current study explores historical variations in autochthonous and allochthonous sediment supplies to a large tropical freshwater lake system(Upper Lake, Bhopal) protected under the international Ramsar Convention of 2002 against anthropogenic pressures. For this purpose, multi-proxy biogeochemical data are presented for organic matter(total organic carbon, total nitrogen, phosphorous, and loss on ignition [LOI] at550°C), carbonate(LOI at 950°C), lithic sediment(aluminum, titanium, iron, calcium, magnesium,sodium, potassium, manganese, zirconium, niobium, hafnium, tantalum, thorium, uranium, and rare earth elements), and anthropogenic inputs(lead) measured in a 38 cm long sediment core retrieved from the lake. In addition to the lacustrine sediment core, the samples of catchment bedrock, surface soils, major stream sediment, and eolian dust collected from the lake periphery also are analyzed. The systematic biogeochemical excursions in the upper core section(top ～8 cm) indicate increased anthropogenic inputs, watershed denudation by agricultural activities, artificially reduced fluvial sediment supply, relatively increased dust inputs and lake eutrophication in the last few decades. The current study underscores the roles of anthropogenic land-use and wetland conservation practices in the rapid alteration of autochthonous and allochthonous sediment supplies to open aquatic ecosystems. Further, rising lake eutrophication levels despite a managed reduction in allochthonous sediment supplies seem challenging to control due to dissolved nutrient supply from urban sewage discharge and runoff from agricultural land in the watershed.

关键词： Upper Lake Sediment Geochemistry Sediment provenance Eutrophication Anthropogenic inputs

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Constructed Ponds and Small Stream Habitats: Hypothesized Interactions and Methods to Minimize Impacts

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2013年第7期5卷 723-731页

作者： Jonathan D. Ebel Winsor H. Lowe division of Biological Sciences University of Montana Missoula USA

Extensive research has been conducted on how large impoundments and reservoirs affect hydrologic, geomorphologic and ecological processes in downstream ecosystems. Surprisingly, few studies have addressed the effects of smaller impoundments and constructed ponds. Pond construction has been considered an important tool for managers seeking to reduce sediment, nutrient and pollutant loads, and increase habitat heterogeneity in streams in an effort to conserve or enhance aquatic species diversity. However, we lack information on the interaction between ponds and stream habitats, which may compromise the efficacy of conservation efforts. The objective of this review is to outline possible physical and biological changes to stream ecosystems resulting from pond construction. Greater understanding of how ponds influence watershed processes at various spatial scales is crucial to evaluating the effects of constructed ponds on stream ecosystems.

关键词： Headwater Streams Discharge Nutrient Retention Spatial Scale Lotic Lentic

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NOAA/AVHRR sea surface temperature accuracy in the East/Japan Sea

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2015年第10期8卷 784-804页

作者： Kyung-Ae Park Eun-Young Lee Xiaofeng Li Sung-Rae Chung Eun-Ha Sohn Sungwook Hong Department of Earth Science Education/Research Institute of Oceanography Seoul National UniversitySeoulSouth Korea Department of Science Education Seoul National UniversitySeoulSouth Korea GST at National Environmental Satellite Dataand Information ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationCollege ParkMDUSA Satellite Planning division National Meteorological Satellite CenterKorea Meteorological AdministrationJincheonSouth Korea Satellite Analysis division National Meteorological Satellite CenterKorea Meteorological AdministrationJincheonSouth Korea

Sea surface temperature(SST)retrieved from Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer(AVHRR)onboard National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA)polar orbiting environmental satellites were validated in the East/Japan Sea(EJS)using surface drifter measurements as ground truths from 2005 to ***,the root-mean-square(rms)errors of multichannel SSTs(MCSSTs)and non-linear SSTs(NLSSTs)using global SST coefficients were approximately 0.85℃ and 0.80℃,*** analysis of the SST errors(satellite-drifter)revealed a dependence on the amount of atmospheric *** addition,satellite-derived SSTs tended to be related to wind speeds,particularly during the *** SST errors also demonstrated diurnal variations with relatively higher rms from 0.80℃ to 1.00℃ during the night than the day,with a small rms of about 0.50℃.Bias also exhibited reasonable diurnal differences,showing small biases during the *** a satellite zenith angle has been considered in the global SST coefficients,its effect on the SST errors still remained in case of the *** the diverse use of SST data,the continuous validation and understanding of the characteristic errors of satellite SSTs should be conducted based on extensive in-situ temperature measurements in the global ocean as well as local seas.

关键词： sea surface temperature East/Japan Sea AVHRR SST error validation

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Phylogeography of Potentilla fruticosa,an alpine shrub on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2010年第1期3卷 9-15页

作者： Cui Li Ayako Shimono Haihua Shen Yanhong Tang Environmental Biology division National Institute for Environmental StudiesOnogawa 16-2Tsukuba 305-8506Japan Faculty of Environment and Economics Shanxi University of Finance and EconomicsTaiyuan 030006ShanxiChina

Aims Our objectives were(i)to elucidate the phylogeography of chloroplast DNA(cpDNA)in Potentilla fruticosa in relation to Quaternary climate change and postglacial colonization,(ii)to infer historical population range expansion using mismatch distribution analyses and(iii)to locate the refugia of this alpine species on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau during glacial-interglacial *** Potentilla fruticosa is a widespread species distributed on the Qinghai-Tibetan *** sampled leaves of *** from 10 locations along a route of;1300 km from the northeastern plateau(Haibei,Qinghai)to the southern plateau(Dangxiong,Tibet).We examined the cpDNA of 15 haplotypes for 87 individuals from the 10 populations based on the sequence data from;1000 base pairs of the trnS-trnG and *** relationship of haplotypes was analyzed using the Phylip software package and the program *** diversity of populations indices was obtained using the program *** Findings With the limited samples,we found that(i)higher nucleotide diversity often occurs in high-altitude populations,(ii)the ancestral haplotypes distribute in the populations with higher nucleotide diversity than recent haplotypes,(iii)the expansion time of population in the high altitudes was estimated to be approximately at 52-25 ka BP(1000 years Before Present,where"Present"is AD 1950)and that in the low altitudes to be;5.1-2.5 ka BPand(iv)the source location of *** is at the high altitudes,which might provide refugia for the species during the interglacial warm *** species expanded from the high-elevated locations on the Tanggula Mountains during the Holocene.

关键词： alpine plants climatic changes cpDNA Qinghai Tibet

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东南极Lambert冰盆-Amery冰架区域雪面相对高程变化的精确监测

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中国科学（D辑） 2004年第7期34卷 675-685页

作者：效存德秦大河卞林根周秀骥 I.Allison 阎明北京大学物理学院大气科学系中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冰芯与寒区环境重点实验室兰州730000 中国气象科学研究院北京100081 Australian Antarctic division and Antarctic Climate and ecosystems CRC 中国极地研究中心上海200129

采用自动气象站对东南极冰盖Lambert冰盆-Amery冰架雪面相对高程(SSH)变化进行了连续监测，通过Argos卫星传输的逐时数据精确分析了冰盖LGB69地点和Amery冰架G3地点SSH的年内变化过程,2002年2月至2003年1月一个整年资料得出，LGB69全年... 详细信息

采用自动气象站对东南极冰盖Lambert冰盆-Amery冰架雪面相对高程(SSH)变化进行了连续监测，通过Argos卫星传输的逐时数据精确分析了冰盖LGB69地点和Amery冰架G3地点SSH的年内变化过程,2002年2月至2003年1月一个整年资料得出，LGB69全年积累量为0．68m，与花杆网阵所得结果接近.10月至次年4月南极夏季为主要积累期，占全年SSH变化量的101．6％；5～9月南极冬季期间雪面高度几无变化，雪层密实化作用使之略有下降，为全年SSH变化量的～1．6％．LGB69和G3雪面上升主要由雪面突升事件导致，而且在LGB69较G3更频发．G3点每年有2～3次雪面突升事件，均发生在夏季，1999～2002年共发生8次明显突升事件．2002年LGB69点4次突升事件均伴随空气湿度增加和太阳总辐射下降，说明因降水过程导致．下降风对LGB69点SSH变化有正向作用，主要积累期风速的增大伴随着积雪增加，大于7m／s的吹雪临界风速引起表面高程的显著增加．因大风天气有时伴随降水过程，目前尚难于精确计算吹雪再堆积在全年物质积累中的百分比，但估计其贡献率在35％以上．

关键词：南极冰盖 Lambert冰盆 Amery冰架积累率下降风雪面相对高程雪面突升事件

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Compliant lightweight non-invasive standalone“Marine Skin”tagging system

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npj Flexible Electronics 2018年第1期2卷 97-105页

作者： Joanna M.Nassar Sherjeel M.Khan Seneca J.Velling Andrea Diaz-Gaxiola Sohail F.Shaikh Nathan R.Geraldi Galo A.Torres Sevilla Carlos M.Duarte Muhammad M.Hussain mmh Labs Computer Electrical Mathematical Science and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia Material&Nanoscience Program Faculty of ScienceUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooON N2L-3G1Canada Red Sea Research Center(RSRC) Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering(BESE)DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia

Current marine research primarily depends on weighty and invasive sensory equipment and telemetric network to understand the marine environment,including the diverse fauna it contains,as a function of animal behavior and size,as well as equipment *** match animal morphology and activity within the surrounding marine environment,here we show a physically flexible and stretchable skin-like and waterproof autonomous multifunctional system,integrating Bluetooth,memory chip,and high performance physical *** sensory tag is mounted on a swimming crab(Portunus pelagicus)and is capable of continuous logging of depth,temperature,and salinity within the harsh ocean *** fully packaged,ultra-lightweight(ecosystems.

关键词： Marine system Skin

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Remote sensing of environmental change over China:A review

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2012年第22期57卷 2793-2801页

作者： GONG Peng Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling Center for Earth System ScienceTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China division of Ecosystem Science University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720-3114USA

China is a large country by area. In situ monitoring of the environment cannot meet the demand of the society. For large areas, remote sensing is the only viable technology for environmental monitoring of the entire area. Although satellite observation capabilities as well as remotely sensed data acquired on board of satellites from both within and outside China are widely available, research is rare that targets the entire territory of China for environmental monitoring. In this paper, the process of environmental change has been categorized into changes in driving forces, environmental change, materials transport and transformation, concentration and abundance change, exposure and infection change of human and ecosystems, and impacts. The potential in monitoring changes in these various aspects is assessed. The progress of environmental change monitoring over the entire territory of China is reviewed. It is suggested that at the methodological level, remote sensing should not only be applied to observation and experiments as well as understanding the change mechanism, but also be coupled with environmental simulation and forecasting so as to support environmental policy making. At the application level, remote sensing should be used beyond its traditional application fields to include species diversity, biological invasion, public health, air and water quality monitoring. Finally, at the technical level, systematic research should be devoted to the improvement of operational and automatic use of remotely sensed data.

关键词：环境变化遥感技术中国境内现场监测环境监测观测能力遥感卫星生态系统

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Species Account of Anura ns from the Western Slope of Mt. Kita nglad, Mindanao Island, Philippines

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Asian Herpetological Research 2021年第1期12卷 76-87页

作者： Elsa May Delima BARON Mark Oliver D.MARIN Benjo A.LOGRAMONTE Alma B.MOHAGAN Biology Natural Sciencesand Math Division.Arts and Sciences DepartmentSan Pedro CollegeDavao City 8000MindanaoPhilippines Biology Department College of Arts and SciencesCentral Mindanao UniversityMusuanBukidnon 8714MindanaoPhilipines

The Mt. Kitanglad Range is one of the country’s important key biodiversity sites;however, information about anuran diversity in this protected area remains depauperate. Herein we provided accounts of anuran species from high-elevation forests, in three sites of the western slope of Mt. Kitanglad range. The combined belt-transect sampling and microha bitat searches accounted for 13 species representing five families. The most represented family was Rhacophoridae with five representative species of the genus Philautus. Twelve out of the 13 species documented in the current survey are endemic. Four previously unaccounted species(Pelophr yne brevipes, Pulchrana grandocula, Sanguirana mearnsi, and Philautus surrufus) were added and brought the total anurans known from Mt. Kitanglad to 26 species. Most of the species were also recorded in forested sites, suggestive of their lesser affinity to non-forested ecosystems. The additional species detected during our survey may also imply that full understanding of anuran diversity of Mt. Kitanglad remains far from complete.

关键词： key biodiversity area Mindanao faunal region Philippine endemic anurans upper elevation forests wildlife inventory in Mindanao

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Functional composition of tall-statured trees underpins aboveground biomass in tropical forests

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第2期34卷 333-344页

作者： Suwash Kunwar Li-Qiu Wang Maryam Kazempour Larsary Rajeev Chaudhary Puspa Raj Joshi Arshad Ali Department of Forest Resources Management College of ForestryNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037JiangsuPeople’s Republic of China Forest Ecology Research Group College of Life SciencesHebei UniversityBaoding 071002HebeiPeople’s Republic of China division Forest Offi ce DadeldhuraMinistry of ForestDhangadhiSudurpashchim ProvinceNepal Department of Forestry Faculty of Natural ResourcesUniversity of Guilan43619-96196 SomehsaraIran division Forest Offi ce PahalmanpurMinistry of ForestDhangadhiSudurpashchim ProvinceNepal Institute of Forestry Tribhuvan UniversityHetauda CampusHetauda 44107Nepal

The influences of trait diversity(i.e.,the niche complementarity effect)and functional composition(i.e.,the mass ratio effect)on aboveground biomass(AGB)is a highly debated topic in forest ***,further studies are needed to explore these mechanisms in unstudied forest ecosystems to enhance our understanding,and to provide guidelines for specific forest ***,we hypothesized that functional composition would drive AGB better than trait diversity and stem size inequality in the(sub-)tropical forests of *** data from 101 forest plots,we tested 25 structural equation models(SEMs)to link elevation,stem DBH inequality,trait diversity(i.e.,trait richness,evenness,dispersion and divergence),functional composition[i.e.,community-weighted of maximum height mean(CWM of Hmax),specific leaf area(CWM of SLA),leaf dry matter content(CWM of LDMC),and wood density(CWM of WD)]and *** best-fitted SEMs indicated that CWM of Hmax promoted AGB while overruling the impacts of trait diversity indices on ***,low trait diversity indices were linked with higher AGB while overruling the effects of CWM of SLA,LDMC and WD on *** addition,AGB decreased with increasing elevation,whereas stem size inequality did not influence *** results suggest that divergent species’functional strategies could shape AGB along an altitudinal gradient in tropical *** argue that forest management practices should include plant functional traits in the management plan for the co-benefits of biodiversity conservation and carbon sequestration that underpins human wellbeing.

关键词： Functional traits Mass ratio Niche complementarity Niche overlap Topography

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Characterization of CO_(2) flux in three Kobresia meadows differing in dominant species

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2009年第4期2卷 187-196页

作者： Pengcheng Zhang Mitsuru Hirota Haihua Shen Akinori Yamamoto Shigeru Mariko Yanhong Tang Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science University of TsukubaTsukubaIbaraki 305-8572Japan Environmental Biology division National Institute for Environmental StudiesOnogawa 16-2TsukubaIbaraki 305-8506Japan

Aims Kobresia meadows,the dominant species of which differ in different habitats,cover a large area of alpine grassland on the QinghaiTibetan Plateau and act as potential CO_(2) *** meadows with different dominant species may differ in carbon sink *** aimed to test the hypothesis and to clarify the differences in CO_(2) sink strength among three major Kobresia meadows on the plateau and the mechanisms underlying these *** We measured the net ecosystem exchange flux(NEE),ecosystem respiration flux(ER),aboveground biomass(AGB)and environmental variables in three Kobresia meadows,dominated by ***,***,or ***,respectively,in Haibei,*** and ER were measured by a closed-chamber *** variables,including photosynthetic photon flux density(PPFD),air and soil temperature and air and soil moisture,were monitored during the above flux *** findings The measured peak AGB increased with soil water content and was 365,402 and 434 g dry weight m2 for ***,*** and *** meadow,*** the maximum ecosystem photosynthetic rate in relation to PPFD measured during the growing season,we estimated gross ecosystem photosynthetic potential(GEPmax)as 22.2,29.9 and 37.8 lmol CO_(2) m2 s1 for ***,*** and *** meadow,*** estimated the respective gross primary production(GPP)values as 799,1063 and 1158 g C m^(-2) year^(-1) and ER as 722,914 and 1011 g C m^(-2) year^(-1).Average net ecosystem production(NEP)was estimated to be 76.9,149.4 and 147.6 g C m^(-2) year^(-1) in ***,*** and *** meadows,*** results indicate that(i)the three meadows were CO_(2) sinks during the study period and(ii)Kobresia meadows dominated by different species can differ considerably in carbon sink strength even under the same climatic conditions,which suggests the importance of characterizing spatial heterogeneity of carbon dynamics in t

关键词： alpine meadow CO_(2)flux ecosystem photosynthesis ecosystem respiration soil moisture

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