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Heterologous expression in transgenic mosquitoes

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第3期3卷 244-250页

作者： Santhosh PK Yuhua Deng Weidong Gu Xiaoguang Chen Department of Parasitology School of Public Health and Tropical MedicineSouthern Medical University division of Infectious diseases Department of MedicineUniversity of Alabama

Arthropod-borne diseases such as malaria and dengue virus afflict billions of people worldwide imposing major economic and social *** of such pathogens is mainly performed by vector management and treatment of affected individuals with *** failure of these conventional approaches due to emergence of insecticide-resistant insects and drug-resistant parasites demonstrate the need of novel and efficacious control strategies to combat these *** modification(GM) of mosquito vectors to impair their ability to be infected and transmit pathogens has emerged as a new strategy to reduce transmission of many vector-borne diseases and deliver public health *** advances in developing transgenic mosquitoes unable to transmit pathogens have gained support,some of them attempt to manipulate the naturally occurring endogenous refractory mechanisms,while others initiate the identification of an exogenous foreign gene which disrupt the pathogen development in insect vectors. Heterologous expression of transgenes under a native or heterologous promoter is important for the screening and effecting of the transgenic *** effect of the transgene on mosquito fitness is a crucial parameter influencing the success of this transgenic *** review examines these two aspects and describes the basic research work that has been accomplished towards understanding the complex relation between the parasite and its vector and focuses on recent advances and perspectives towards construction of transgenic mosquitoes refractory to vector-borne disease transmission.

关键词： Anopheles Fitness load Malaria Transgene Transposable element Vector

Paediatric gastrointestinal endoscopy in the Asian-Pacific region:Recent advances in diagnostic and therapeutic techniques

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第18期29卷 2717-2732页

作者： James Guoxian Huang Pornthep Tanpowpong division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of PaediatricsKhoo Teck Puat-National University Children’s Medical InstituteNational University Health SystemSingapore 119228Singapore Department of Paediatrics Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore 119228Singapore Department of Paediatrics Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkok 10400Thailand

There has been a rapid expansion in the knowledge of paediatric gastroenterology over the recent decade,with a fast-growing repertoire of diagnostic techniques and management strategies for a wide spectrum of childhood gastrointestinal(GI)*** GI endoscopy is a core competency every paediatric gastroenterologist should possess,and represents one of the most common procedures performed in children for both diagnostic and therapeutic *** there remains a dearth of literature on the utility and outcomes of paediatric GI endoscopy in the Asia-Pacific *** on the diagnostic value of paediatric GI endoscopy would be an important aspect of discussion,with the emergence of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)and eosinophilic GI disease as increasingly common endoscopic ***-based trends in paediatric GI endoscopy do point towards more IBD and gastroesophageal reflux disease-related complications being diagnosed,with a declining incidence of GI ***,the real-world diagnostic value of endoscopy in Asia must be contextualised to the region-specific prevalence of paediatric GI *** pylori infection,particularly that of multidrug-resistant strains,remains a highly prevalent problem in specific *** functional GI disorders still account for the majority of childhood GI complaints in most centres,hence the diagnostic yield of endoscopy should be critically evaluated in the absence of alarm *** therapeutic endoscopy is also occasionally required for children with ingested foreign bodies,intestinal polyposis or oesophageal strictures requiring *** haemostasis is a potentially life-saving skill in cases of massive GI bleeding typically from varices or peptic *** endoscopic techniques such as capsule endoscopy and balloon-assisted enteroscopy have found traction,particularly in East Asian centres,as invaluable diagnostic and therapeutic tools in the management of IBD,obscu

关键词： Endoscopy Paediatric Asia Children Gastroscopy Colonoscopy

Clinical analysis of Wernicke encephalopathy after liver transplantation

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic diseases International 2023年第4期22卷 352-357页

作者： Li-Min Ding Li-Shan Deng Jun-Jie Qian Gang Liu Lin Zhou Shu-Sen Zheng division of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery the First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China NHFPC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation Hangzhou 310003China Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesHangzhou 310003China Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary DiseasesHangzhou 310003China Culture and Sports Center for the Disabled of Jiangxi Province Nanchang 330000China Department of Transplantation Jiangxi Provincial People’s HospitalNanchang 330000China Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis Treatment of Infectious diseases Hangzhou 310003China

Background:Wernicke encephalopathy(WE)is an acute neurological disease resulting from vitamin B1 deficiency,and there are only very few case reports of WE after liver *** present study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics,etiology,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)features,treatment and prognosis of patients with WE after liver ***:Twenty-three patients with WE after liver transplantation from the First Affiliated Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine and Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital between January 2011 and December 2021 were retrospectively ***:Among the 23 patients diagnosed with WE after liver transplantation,6(26%)had a classic triad of impaired consciousness,oculomotor palsy and ataxia,and 17(74%)had two *** misdiagno-sis rate was 65%.After treatment with high-dose vitamin B1,19(83%)patients showed improvement,whereas 4(17%)showed no improvement,including 3 with residual short-term memory impairments and 1 with residual spatial and temporal disorientation and ***:The misdiagnosis rate is high in the early stage of WE,and the prognosis is closely asso-ciated with whether WE is diagnosed early and treated ***-dose glucose or glucocorticoids can trigger WE and cannot be administered before vitamin B1 *** B1 is suggested to be used as a prophylactic treatment for patients with WE after liver transplantation.

关键词： Liver transplantation Wernicke encephalopathy Vitamin B1 Clinical presentations Imaging features Diagnosis Treatment Prognosis

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工程化干细胞的前沿生物医学策略（英文）

Science Bulletin 2024年第2期 248-279页

作者：王经琳张筱萱陈涵旭任昊桢周敏赵远锦 Department of Vascular Surgery Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated Hospital of Medical School Nanjing University division of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Transplantation Surgery Department of General Surgery Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Southeast University Shenzhen Research Institute Southeast University

Stem cell therapy holds immense potential as a viable treatment for a widespread range of intractable disorders. As the safety of stem cell transplantation having been demonstrated in numerous clinical trials,various kinds of stem cells are currently utilized in medical applications. Despite the achievements, the therapeutic benefits of stem cells for diseases are limited, and the data of clinical researches are *** optimize tthe effectiveness of stem cells, engineering approaches have been developed to enhance their inherent abilities and impart them with new functionalities, paving the way for the next generation of stem cell therapies. This review offers a detailed analysis of engineered stem cells, including their clinical applications and potential for future development. We begin by briefly introducing the recent advances in the production of stem cells(induced pluripotent stem cells(i PSCs), embryonic stem cells(ESCs), mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) and hematopoietic stem cells(HSCs)). Furthermore, we present the latest developments of engineered strategies in stem cells, including engineered methods in molecular biology and biomaterial fields, and their application in biomedical research. Finally, we summarize the current obstacles and suggest future prospects for engineered stem cells in clinical translations and biomedical applications.

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Simvastatin attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice

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Chinese Medical Journal 2008年第18期121卷 1821-1829页

作者： OU Xue-mei FENG Yu-lin WEN Fu-qiang HUANG Xiang-yang XIAO Jun WANG Ke WANG Tao division of Pulmonary diseases State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China Department of Respiratory Medicine West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 China

Background Bleomycin-induced fibrosis is extensively used to model aspects of the pathogenesis of interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. This study aimed to determine the benefic effects and mechanisms of simvastatin on bleomycininduced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Methods Bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis mice were administered with simvastatin in different doses for 28 days. We measured inflammatory response, fibrogenic cytokines and profibrogenic markers in both bleomycin-stimulated and control lungs, and correlated these parameters with pulmonary fibrosis. Results Simvastatin attenuated the histopathological change of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis and prevented the increase of lung hydroxyproline content and collagen （Ⅰ and Ⅲ） mRNA expression induced by bleomycin. Moreover, simvastatin down-regulated the increased expression of transforming growth factor-β1 （TGF-β1） and connective tissue growth factor （CTGF） induced by bleomycin at both gene and protein levels. Simultaneously, the accumulation of neutrophils and lymphocytes and the increased production of tumor necrosis factor-a （TNF-α） in bronchial alveolar lavage fluid were inhibited by simvastatin in early inflammatory phase after bleomycin infusion. The higher dose of simvastatin was associated with a more significant reduction in these inflammatory and fibrotic parameters. Furthermore, the inactivation of p38, RhoA and Smad2/3 signaling pathways was observed during simvastatin administration. Conclusions Simvastatin attenuated bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, as indicated by decreases in Ashcroft score and lung collagen accumulation. The inhibitory effect of simvastatin on the progression of pulmonary fibrosis may be demonstrated by reducing inflammatory response and production of TGF-β1 and CTGR These findings indicate that simvastatin may be used in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.

关键词： pulmonary fibrosis simvastatin transforming growth factor-β1 connective tissue growth factor

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生物治疗时代下免疫抑制药物在克罗恩病患者围手术期的应用

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Gastroenterology Report 2017年第3期5卷 165-177,I0001页

作者： Amy L.Lightner Bo Shen division of Colon and Rectal Surgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaMNUSA Center for Inflammatory Bowel diseases Digestive Disease and Surgery Institutethe Cleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOHUSA

克罗恩病(CD)是胃肠道透壁性炎症性疾病,可导致炎症、狭窄和/或瘘。一旦患者疾病顽固药物治疗症状无缓解,或出现机械性肠梗阻、瘘或穿孔时,则需行外科手术治疗。遗憾的是,绝大多数情况下手术并不是根治性的,因此,应当重视对肠道的保留... 详细信息

克罗恩病(CD)是胃肠道透壁性炎症性疾病,可导致炎症、狭窄和/或瘘。一旦患者疾病顽固药物治疗症状无缓解,或出现机械性肠梗阻、瘘或穿孔时,则需行外科手术治疗。遗憾的是,绝大多数情况下手术并不是根治性的,因此,应当重视对肠道的保留和围手术期药物治疗。由于许多CD治疗药物都是免疫抑制性的,从而导致了人们对术后感染性并发症及吻合口愈合的担心。但对药物治疗的这担忧应该与其预防和治疗残留或复发疾病所带来的获益相权衡。我们对相关文献进行了综述,并对生物治疗时代下免疫抑制药物在克罗恩病患者术前、围手术期及术后的应用进行了一些推荐。制定围手术期药物治疗的标准化路径将有助于今后进一步针对提高外科疗效和预防疾病复发进行研究。

关键词：克罗恩病生物治疗围手术期药物治疗

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a pandemic disease with multisystem burden

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and nutrition 2018年第5期7卷 389-391页

作者： Somaya Albhaisi Danny Issa Naim Alkhouri The division of Internal Medicine Hepatology and NutritionVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVAUSA The division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVAUSA The Texas Liver Institute University of Texas(UT)Health San AntonioSan AntonioTXUSA

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a leading cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality in the United States and globally(1,2).A large body of literature currently exists to suggest at the clinical burden ... 详细信息

关键词： NAFLD mortality liver

Evidence-based endoscopic management of Barrett’s esophagus

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Gastroenterology Report 2015年第1期3卷 54-62页

作者： Patrick Yachimski Chin Hur division of Gastroenterology Hepatology&nutrition Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTNUSA division of Gastroenterology&Institute for Technology Assessment Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Barrett’s esophagus(BE)develops as a consequence of chronic esophageal acid exposure,and is the major risk factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma(EAC).The practices of endoscopic screening for—and surveillance of—BE,while widespread,have failed to reduce the incidence of *** majority of EACs are diagnosed in patients without a known history of BE,and current diagnostic tools are lacking in their ability to stratify patients with BE into those at low risk and those at high risk for progression to ***,advances in endoscopic imaging and mucosal therapeutics have provided unprecedented opportunities for intervention for BE,and have vastly altered the approach to management of BE-associated mucosal neoplasia.

关键词： Barrett’s esophagus esophageal adenocarcinoma endoscopic surveillance endoscopic eradication therapy

Effects of L-arginine supplementation on glycemic profile: Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2020年第4期18卷 284-291页

作者： Esmaeil Yousefi Rad Behzad Nazarian Somayeh Saboori Ebrahim Falahi Azita Hekmatdoost nutritional Health Research Center Lorestan University of Medical SciencesKhorramabad ***Iran Student Research Committee Lorestan University of Medical SciencesKhorramabad ***Iran Department of Clinical nutrition and Dietetics Faculty of Nutrition and Food TechnologyNational Nutrition and Food TechnologyResearch InstituteShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionBritish Columbia’s Children’s Hospital and Child and Family Research Institutethe University of British ColumbiaBritish Columbia ***Canada

Background:The effects of l-arginine supplementation on indices of glycemic control and the role of many factors influencing this intervention have been controversial in clinical ***:This meta-analysis was performed to assess the effects of l-arginine supplementation on indices of glycemic control,including fasting blood glucose(FBG),hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c),serum insulin and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)levels in randomized controlled trials(RCTs).Search strategy:This study conducted a systematic review of RCTs published in PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science,Cochrane Library and Embase,up to 5 May,*** criteria:Studies were included in this meta-analysis if they were RCTs with parallel design and reported sufficient data on participants before and after intervention,and outcomes of glycemic profile parameters in both the arginine supplementation and control *** extraction and analysis:The screening of titles and abstracts was performed independently by two *** articles were considered if they met the study’s inclusion *** quality of included studies was assessed by using the Cochrane Collaboration modified *** 710 articles retrieved in the initial search,only 10 trials were suitable for pooling the effects of arginine supplementation on serum glucose,insulin,HOMA-IR and HbA1c levels,with effect sizes of nine,eight,five and five,***:Pooled random-effect analysis revealed that l-arginine supplementation could significantly decrease FBG level(weighted mean difference[WMD]:3.35 mg/dL;95%confidence interval[CI]=[−6.55,−0.16];P=0.04)and serum insulin level(WMD:−2.19μIU/mL;95%CI=[−3.70,−0.67];P=0.005).However,the effects of l-arginine supplementation on HOMA-IR and HbA1c were not *** of subgroup analysis showed that supplementation with l-arginine could significantly decrease serum insulin levels when the dosage of l-arginine is>6.5 g/d(WMD:−3.49μIU/mL;95%CI=

关键词： l-arginine Fasting blood glucose Insulin resistance Hemoglobin A1c Glycemic profile Meta-analysis

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