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Biomimetic chitin hydrogel via chemical transformation

Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 771-777页

作者： Rui-Rui Liu Qian-Qian Shi Yu-Feng Meng Yong Zhou Li-Bo Mao Shu-Hong Yu division of Nanomaterials&Chemistry Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleDepartment of ChemistryInstitute of Biomimetic Materials&ChemistryAnhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic MaterialsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China College&Hospital of Stomatology Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui ProvinceAnhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032China Department of Dental Implantology College&Hospital of StomatologyAnhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032China

Chitin hydrogel has been recognized as a promising material for various biomedical applications because of its biocompatibility and ***,the fabrication of strong chitin hydrogel remains a big challenge because of the insolubility of chitin in many solvents and the reduced chain length of chitin regenerated from *** herein introduce the fabrication of chitin hydrogel with biomimetic structure through the chemical transformation of chitosan,which is a water-soluble deacetylated derivative of *** reacetylation of the amino group in chitosan endows the obtained chitin hydrogel with outstanding resistance to swelling,degradation,extreme temperature and pH conditions,and organic *** chitin hydrogel has excellent mechanical properties while retaining a high water content(more than 95 wt.%).It also shows excellent antifouling performance that it resists the adhesion of proteins,bacteria,blood,and ***,as the initial chitosan solution can be feasibly frozen and templated by ice crystals,the chitin hydrogel structure can be either nacre-like or wood-like depending on the freezing method of the precursory chitosan *** to these anisotropic structures,such chitin hydrogel can exhibit anisotropic mechanics and mass transfer *** current work provides a rational strategy to fabricate chitin hydrogels and paves the way for its practical applications as a superior biomedical material.

关键词： chitin hydrogel biomimetic structure chemical stability mechanical strength antifouling

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Prognostic role of intestinal ultrasound in Crohn’s disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第23期29卷 3595-3605页

作者： Cristina Manzotti Francesco Colombo Tommaso Zurleni Piergiorgio Danelli Giovanni Maconi Gastroenterology Unit Department of Biomedical and Clinical SciencesUniversity of MilanL.Sacco University HospitalMilano 20157Italy division of General Surgery Department of Biomedical and Clinical SciencesUniversity of MilanL.Sacco University HospitalMilano 20157Italy

The majority of patients affected by Crohn’s disease(CD)develop a chronic condition with persistent inflammation and relapses that may cause progressive and irreversible damage to the bowel,resulting in stricturing or penetrating complications in around 50%of patients during the natural history of the *** is frequently needed to treat complicated disease when pharmacological therapy failes,with a high risk of repeated operations in *** ultrasound(IUS),a non-invasive,cost-effective,radiation free and reproducible method for the diagnosis and follow-up of CD,in expert hands,allow a precise assessment of all the disease manifestations:Bowel characteristics,retrodilation,wrapping fat,fistulas and ***,IUS is able to assess bowel wall thickness,bowel wall stratification(echo-pattern),vascularization and elasticity,as well as mesenteric hypertrophy,lymph-nodes and mesenteric blood *** role in the disease evaluation and behaviour description is well assessed in literature,but less is known about the potential space of IUS as predictor of prognostic factors suggesting response to a medical treatment or postoperative *** availability of a low cost exam as IUS,able to recognize which patients are more likely to respond to a specific therapy and which patients are at high risk of surgery or complications,could be a very useful instrument in the hands of IBD *** aim of this review is to present current evidence about the prognostic role that IUS can show in predicting response to treatment,disease progression,risk of surgery and risk of post-surgical recurrence in CD.

关键词： Intestinal ultrasound Crohn’s disease Postoperative recurrence Bowel wall thickness Remission Intestinal surgery

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Predictors and Complications of Prematurity in Two Health Facilities in Fako division, Southwest Region, Cameroon

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期14卷 630-644页

作者： Naiza Monono Verla Sissi Kamo Helen Nguepong Vianney Nana Njamen Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Regional Hospital Limbe Southwest Region Cameroon Department of Paediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Garoua Garoua Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Background: Prematurity is the leading cause of neonatal mortality. Most preterm births can be associated to an identifiable risk factor. In Cameroon, especially in the Southwest Region, there is limited data regarding prematurity associated risk factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors and complications of prematurity in two health facilities in the Fako division, the BRH and RHL. Methods: A hospital based retrospective case control study was done from the 1st of January 2021 to 28th of February 2022. We assessed the gestational ages at which preterm birth occurred and their short-term outcome using a structured pretested questionnaire to collect data from files. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26. Results: The minimum sample size was 137 preterms. 45.5% of cases were born between 34 and increased the risk of having a preterm birth meanwhile being married (AOR: 0.410;95% CI: 0.217 - 0.773;p = 0.006) decreased the risk. Hospital complications were neonatal infection 103 (51.5%), respiratory distress 79 (39.5%) and neonatal jaundice 61 (30.50%). Among the cases, 97 (48.50%) stayed in the hospital for 2 to 4 weeks and 177 (88.5%) were discharged alive. Conclusions: Modifiable factors that increased the risk of prematurity were advanced maternal age, secondary level of education, rural residence, and prenatal alcohol consumption. Being married decreased the risk. The most common hospital complications in both the cases and controls were neonatal infection, respiratory distress syndrome and neonatal jaundice.

关键词： Prematurity Gestational Age Risk Factors Complications Outcome

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Improving hydroxyapatite coating ability on biodegradable metal through laser-induced hydrothermal coating in liquid precursor:Application in orthopedic implants

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第7期25卷 796-806页

作者： Jaeho Park Seung-Hoon Um Youngmin Seo Jaehong Lee Yu-Chan Kim Myoung-Ryul Ok Suk-Won Hwang Jeong-Yun Sun Hyung-Seop Han Hojeong Jeon Biomaterials Research Center Biomedical Research DivisionKorea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Seoul02792South Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National University(SNU)Seoul08826South Korea division of biomedical Science and Technology KIST SchoolKorea University of Science and TechnologySeoul02792South Korea KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology Korea UniversitySeoul02841South Korea

During the past decade,there has been extensive research toward the possibility of exploring magnesium and its alloys as biocompatible and biodegradable materials for implantable *** practical medical application,however,has been limited to specific areas owing to rapid corrosion in the initial stage and the consequent *** coatings can significantly reduce the initial corrosion of Mg alloys,and several studies have been carried out to improve the adhesion strength of the coating to the surfaces of the *** composition of hydroxyapatite(HAp)is very similar to that of bone tissue;it is one of the most commonly used coating materials for bone-related implants owing to favorable osseointegration *** this study,HAp was coated on Mg using nanosecond laser coating,combining the advantages of chemical and physical *** heat generated in the liquid precursor by the laser improved the adhesion of the coating through the precipitation and growth of HAp at the localized nanosecond laser focal area and increased the corrosion resistance and cell adhesion of *** physical,crystallographic,and chemical bondings were analyzed to explore the mechanism through which the surface adhesion between Mg and the HAp coating layer *** applicability of the coating to Mg screws used for clinical devices and improvement in its corrosion property were *** liquid environment-based laser surface coating technique offers a simple and quick process that does not require any chemical ligands,and therefore,overcomes a potential obstacle in its clinical use.

关键词： Biodegradable metal HAp coating Nanosecond laser Photothermal synthesis Soret effect(thermophoresis)

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Modeling gut neuro-epithelial connections in a novel microfluidic device

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第6期9卷 235-246页

作者： Jose M.de Hoyos-Vega Xi Yu Alan M.Gonzalez-Suarez Sisi Chen Arnaldo Mercado-Perez Eugene Krueger Jeric Hernandez Yaroslav Fedyshyn Brooke R.Druliner David R.Linden Arthur Beyder Alexander Revzin Department of Physiology and biomedical Engineering Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Enteric Neuroscience Program(ENSP) Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA

The intestinal lumen is filled with diverse chemical and physical *** epithelial cells sense these stimuli and signal to enteric neurons which coordinate a range of physiologic processes required for normal digestive tract ***,the neuro-epithelial connections remain poorly resolved,in part because the tools for orchestrating interactions between these cellular compartments are *** describe the development of a two-compartment microfluidic device for co-culturing enteric neurons with intestinal epithelial *** device contains epithelial and neuronal compartments connected by *** epithelial compartment was designed for cell seeding via injection and confinement of intestinal epithelial cells derived from human intestinal *** demonstrated that organoids planarized effectively and retained epithelial phenotype for over a *** the second chamber we dissociated and cultured intestinal myenteric neurons including intrinsic primary afferent neurons(IPANs)from transgenic mice that expressed the fluorescent protein *** extended projections into microgrooves,surrounded and frequently made contacts with epithelial *** density and directionality of neuronal projections were enhanced by the presence of epithelial cells in the adjacent *** microfluidic device represents a platform that may,in the future,be used to dissect structure and function of neuro-epithelial connections in the gut and other organs(skin,lung,bladder,and others)in health and disease.

关键词： fluid bladder organs

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Psychiatric comorbidities in epilepsy:population co-occurrence,genetic correlations and causal effects

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General Psychiatry 2024年第1期37卷 103-111页

作者： Viktor H Ahlqvist Christina Dardani Paul Madley-Dowd Harriet Forbes Jessica Rast Caichen Zhong Renee M Gardner Christina Dalman Kristen Lyal cRAIG Newschaffer Torbjorn Tomson Michael Lundberg Daniel Berglind Neil M Davies Brian K Lee Cecilia Magnusson Dheeraj Rai Department of Global Public Health Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK Centre for Academic Mental Health Population Health SciencesBristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK A.J.Drexel Autism Institute Drexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA College of Health and Human Development Pennsylvania State UniversityState CollegePAUSA Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Centre for Epidemiology and Community Medicine Region StockholmStockholmSweden K.G Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology Department of Public Health and NursingNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway division of Psychiatry University Collge LondonLondonUK Department of Statistical Sciences University Cllge LondonLondonK NIHR biomedical Research Centre University of BristoBristolUK Avon and Wiltshire Partnership NHS Mental Health TrustBristolUK

Background Psychiatric comorbidities are common in patients with *** for the co-occurrence of psychiatric conditions and epilepsy remain poorly *** We aimed to triangulate the relationship between epilepsy and psychiatric conditions to determine the extent and possible origins of these *** Using nationwide Swedish health registries,we quantified the lifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with *** then used summarydata from genome-wide association studies to investigate whether the identified observational associations could be attributed to a shared underlying genetic aetiology using cross-trait linkage disequilibrium score ***,we assessed the potential bidirectional relationships using two-sample Mendelian *** In a cohort of 7628495 individuals,we found that almost half of the 94435 individuals diagnosed with epilepsy were also diagnosed with a psychiatric condition in their lifetime(adjusted lifetime prevalence,44.09%;95%confidence interval(Cl)43.78%to 44.39%).We found evidence for a genetic correlation between epilepsy and some neurodevelopmental and psychiatric *** example,we observed a genetic correlation between epilepsy and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(r,=0.18,95%Cl 0.09 to 0.27,p<0.001)—a correlation that was more pronounced in focal epilepsy(r=0.23,95%CI 0.09 to 0.36,p<0.001).Findings from Mendelian randomisation using common genetic variants did not support bidirectional effects between epilepsy and neurodevelopmental or psychiatric *** Psychiatric comorbidities are common in patients with *** correlations may partially explain some comorbidities;however,there is little evidence of a bidirectional relationship between the genetic liability of epilepsy and psychiatric *** findings highlight the need to understand the role of environmental factors or rare genetic variations in the origins of psy

关键词： epilepsy Psychiat lifetime

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Culture-expanded mesenchymal stromal cell therapy: does it work in knee osteoarthritis? A pathway to clinical success

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第6期20卷 626-650页

作者： Grffn Copp Kevin P.Robb Sowmya Viswanathan Osteoarthritis Research Program Division of Orthopedic SurgerySchroeder Arthritis InstituteUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada Krembil Research Institute University Health NetworkTorontoONCanada institute of biomedical Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Department of Medicine Division of HematologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Osteoarthritis(OA)is a degenerative multifactorial disease with concomitant structural,inflammatory,and metabolic changes that fluctuate in a temporal and patient-specific *** complexity has contributed to refractory responses to various *** have shown promise as multimodal therapeutics in mitigating OA symptoms and disease ***,we evaluated 15 randomized controlled clinical trials(RCTs)and 11 nonrandomized RCTs using culture-expanded MSCs in the treatment of knee OA,and we found net positive effects of MSCs on mitigating pain and symptoms(improving function in 12/15 RCTs relative to baseline and in 11/15 RCTs relative to control groups at study endpoints)and on cartilage protection and/or repair(18/21 clinical studies).We examined MsC dose,tissue of origin,and autologous *** origins as well as patient clinical phenotype,endotype,age,sex and level of OA severity as key parameters in parsing MSC clinical *** relatively small sample size of 610 patients limited the drawing of definitive ***,we noted trends toward moderate to higher doses of MsCs in select OA patient clinical phenotypes mitigating pain and leading to structural improvements or cartilage *** from preclinical studies is supportive of MsC anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects,but additional investigations on immunomodulatory,chondroprotective and other clinical mechanisms of action are *** hypothesize that MsC basal immunomodulatory"fitness"correlates with OA treatment efficacy,but this hypothesis needs to be validated in future *** conclude with a roadmap articulating the need to match an OA patient subset defined by molecular endotype and clinical phenotype with basally immunomodulatory"ft"or engineered-to-be-fit-for-OA MsCs in well-designed,data-intensive clinical trials to advance the field.

关键词： MSC Osteoarthritis Cell therapy mesenchymal stromal cell RCT

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Using magnetic nanoparticles to manipulate biological objects

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Chinese Physics B 2013年第9期22卷 29-39页

作者：刘毅高宇徐臣杰 division of BioEngineering School of Chemical and Biomedical EngineeringNanyang Technological University

The use of magnetic nanoparticles （MNPs） for the manipulation of biological objects, including proteins, genes, cellular organelles, bacteria, cells, and organs, are reviewed. MNPs are popular candidates for controlling and probing biological objects with a magnetic force. In the past decade, progress in the synthesis and surface engineering of MNPs has further enhanced this popularity.

关键词： magnetic nanoparticles manipulation biological objects

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A novel saliva-based miRNA profile to diagnose and predict oral cancer

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第1期16卷 97-109页

作者： Jaikrishna Balakittnen Chameera Ekanayake Weeramange Daniel F.Wallace Pascal H.G.Duijf Alexandre S.Cristino Gunter Hartel Roberto A.Barrero Touraj Taheri Liz Kenny Sarju Vasani Martin Batstone Omar Breik Chamindie Punyadeera Saliva&Liquid Biopsy Translational Laboratory Griffith Institute for Drug DiscoveryGriffith UniversityNathanQLDAustralia Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Faculty of Allied Health SciencesUniversity of JaffnaJaffnaSri Lanka Menzies Health Institute Griffith UniversityGold CoastQLDAustralia School of biomedical Sciences Faculty of HealthQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia Centre for Cancer Biology Clinical and Health SciencesUniversity of South Australia&SA PathologyAdelaideSAAustralia Institute of Clinical Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway Department of Medical Genetics Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery Griffith UniversityNathanQLDAustralia QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Statistics UnitBrisbaneQLDAustralia School of Public Health The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia School of Nursing Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia eResearch Research InfrastructureAcademic DivisionQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia Department of Anatomical Pathology Royal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalHerstonQLDAustralia Faculty of Medicine The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital Cancer Care ServicesHerstonQLDAustralia Department of Otolaryngology Royal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalHerstonQLDAustralia Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Royal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalHerstonQLDAustralia

Oral cancer (OC) is the most common form of head and neck cancer. Despite the high incidence and unfavourable patient outcomes, currently, there are no biomarkers for the early detection of OC. This study aims to discover, develop, and validate a novel saliva-based microRNA signature for early diagnosis and prediction of OC risk in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD).The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) miRNA sequencing data and small RNA sequencing data of saliva samples were used to discover differentially expressed miRNAs. Identified miRNAs were validated in saliva samples of OC (n=50), OPMD (n=52), and controls(n=60) using quantitative real-time PCR. Eight differentially expressed miRNAs (miR-7-5p, miR-10b-5p, miR-182-5p, miR-215-5p,miR-431-5p, miR-486-3p, miR-3614-5p, and miR-4707-3p) were identified in the discovery phase and were validated. The efficiency of our eight-miRNA signature to discriminate OC and controls was:area under curve (AUC):0.954, sensitivity:86%, specificity:90%,positive predictive value (PPV):87.8%and negative predictive value (NPV):88.5%whereas between OC and OPMD was:AUC:0.911,sensitivity:90%, specificity:82.7%, PPV:74.2%and NPV:89.6%. We have developed a risk probability score to predict the presence or risk of OC in OPMD patients. We established a salivary miRNA signature that can aid in diagnosing and predicting OC,revolutionising the management of patients with OPMD. Together, our results shed new light on the management of OC by salivary miRNAs to the clinical utility of using miRNAs derived from saliva samples.

关键词： specificity salivary diagnosis

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Advancing prognostic precision in hepatocellular carcinoma:a paradigm shift towards machine learning

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2023年第5期12卷 810-812页

作者： Flavio Milana Simone Famularo Guido Torzilli Department of biomedical Sciences Humanitas UniversityMilanItaly division of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery Department of SurgeryIRCCS Humanitas Research HospitalMilanItaly

Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)stands as a significant contributor to cancer-related mortality,ranking as the fifth leading cause of cancer-related death(1).In 80%of cases,HCC arises from an underlying liver disease(2).Despite screening programs for at-risk patients,the prognosis for HCC remains even dismal because of late *** only curative options currently available are liver resection for selected cases,and liver ***,the high rate of recurrence after surgery makes the prognosis *** fact,following curative intent resection,the 5-year recurrence is approximately 60%(3),with 5-year survival after recurrence of 35%(4).

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) machine learning liver resection early recurrence

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