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Adaptive mechanisms underlying the bat biosonar behavior

Frontiers in Biology 2010年第2期5卷 128-155页

作者： Philip H.-S.JEN division of biological sciences and interdisciplinary neuroscience program University of Missouri-ColumbiaMOUSA 65211

For survival,bats of the suborder Microchiropetra emit intense ultrasonic pulses and analyze the weak returning echoes to extract the direction,distance,velocity,size,and shape of the *** these bats and other mammals share the common layout of the auditory pathway and sound coding mechanism,they have highly developed auditory systems to process biologically relevant pulses at the expense of a reduced visual *** this active biosonar behavior,they progressively shorten the pulse duration,decrease the amplitude and pulse-echo gap as they search,approach and finally intercept the ***,these changes in multiple pulse parameters throughout the entire course of hunting enable them to extract maximal information about localized prey from the returning *** hunt successfully,the auditory system of these bats must be less sensitive to intense emitted pulses but highly sensitive to weak returning *** also need to recognize and differentiate the echoes of their emitted pulses from echoes of pulses emitted by other *** studies have shown the following mechanical and neural adaptive mechanisms underlying the successful bat biosonar behavior:(1)Forward orienting and highly mobile pinnae for effective scanning,signal reception,sound pressure transformation and mobile auditory sensitivity;(2)Avoiding and detecting moving targets more successfully than stationary ones;(3)Coordinated activity of highly developed laryngeal and middle ear muscles during pulse emission and reception;(4)Mechanical and neural attenuation of intense emitted pulses to prepare for better reception of weak returning echoes;(5)Increasing pulse repetition rate to improve multiple-parametric selectivity to echoes;(6)Dynamic variation of duration selectivity and recovery cycle of auditory neurons with hunting phase for better echo analysis;(7)Maximal multiple-parametric selectivity to expected echoes returning within a time window after pulse emission;(8)Pu

关键词： adaptive mechanisms bat biosonar behavior

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Plant regeneration in the new era:from molecular mechanisms to biotechnology applications

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Science China(Life sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 1338-1367页

作者： Chunli Chen Yuxin Hu Momoko Ikeuchi Yuling Jiao Kalika Prasad Ying Hua Su Jun Xiao Lin Xu Weibing Yang Zhong Zhao Wenkun Zhou Yun Zhou Jian Gao Jia-Wei Wang National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation&Utilization of Horticultural Crops Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)China National Botanical GardenBeijing 100093China division of biological sciences Graduate School of Science and TechnologyNara Institute of Science and TechnologyNara 630-0192Japan State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research School of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life sciences Center for Quantitative BiologyAcademy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune 411008IndiaThiruvananthapuram 695551India State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an 271018China Sino-German Joint Research Center on Agricultural Biology Shandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an 271018China Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB)CASBeijing 100101China CAS-JIC Centre of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Science(CEPAMS) IGDBCASBeijing 100101China National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics CEMPSInstitute of Plant Physiology and Ecology(SIPPE)CASShanghai 200032China CEPAMS SIPPECASShanghai 200032China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical sciences at the Microscale CEMPSSchool of Life SciencesDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Department of Botany and Plant Pathology and Center for Plant Biology Purdue UniversityWest Lafayette 47907USA School of Life Science and Technology Shang

Plants or tissues can be regenerated through various *** animal regeneration,cell totipotency and pluripotency are the molecular basis of plant *** systematic studies on Arabidopsis thaliana gradually unravel the fundamental mechanisms and principles underlying plant ***,plant hormones,cell division,epigenetic remodeling,and transcription factors play crucial roles in reprogramming somatic cells and reestablishing meristematic *** research on basal non-vascular plants and monocot crops has revealed that plant regeneration differs among species,with various plant species using distinct mechanisms and displaying significant differences in regenerative *** multi-omics studies at the single-cell level,tracking plant regeneration processes in real-time,and deciphering the natural variation in regenerative capacity will ultimately help understand the essence of plant regeneration,improve crop regeneration efficiency,and contribute to future crop design.

关键词： apical meristem model species regeneration phytohormone plant cell reprogramming somatic embryogenesis

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Chronic sleep deprivation induces alterations in DNA and RNA modifications by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第8期35卷 413-417页

作者： Tian Feng Yun-Ling Gao Di Hu Ke-Yu Yuan Shu-Yi Gu Yao-Hua Gu Si-Yu Yu Jun Xiong Yu-Qi Feng Jie Wang Bi-Feng Yuan School of Public Health Research Center of Public HealthRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in biological Systems State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular PhysicsNational Center for Magnetic Resonance in WuhanWuhan Institute of Physics and MathematicsInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for OptoelectronicsWuhan 430071China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 101408China Institute of neuroscience and Brain Diseases Xiangyang Central HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and ScienceXiangyang 441000China Phase I Clinical Trial Laboratory Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China

Sleep deprivation(SD)is a widespread issue that disrupts the lives of millions of *** effects ini-tiate as changes within neurons,specifically at the DNA and RNA level,leading to disruptions in neuronal plasticity and the dysregulation of various cognitive functions,such as learning and *** acid epigenetic modifications that could regulate gene expression have been reported to play crucial roles in this ***,there is a lack of comprehensive research on the correlation of SD with nucleic acid epigenetic *** the current study,we aimed to systematically investigate the landscape of modifications in DNA as well as in small RNA molecules across multiple tissues,including the heart,liver,kidney,lung,hippocampus,and spleen,in response to chronic sleep deprivation(CSD).Using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)analysis,we characterized the dynamic changes in DNA and RNA modification profiles in different tissues of mice under CSD ***,we ob-served a significant decrease in the level of 5-methylcytosine(5mC)and a significant increase in the level of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine(5hmC)in the kidney in CSD *** RNA modifications,we observed an overall increased trend for most of these significantly changed modifications across six tis-sues in CSD *** study sheds light on the significance of DNA and RNA modifications as crucial epigenetic markers in the context of CSD-induced stress.

关键词： Sleep deprivation Epigenetics Mass spectrometry DNA modification RNA modification Small RNA

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Temporal and spatial differentiation in microhabitat use: Implications for reproductive isolation and ecological niche specification

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Integrative Zoology 2016年第5期11卷 375-387页

作者： Amaël BORZÉE Jun Young KIM Marina Andrade Martins DA CUNHA Donggeun Lee Eunchong SIN Sunmin OH Yoonjung YI Yikweon JANG Department of Life sciences and division of EcoScience Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulKorea interdisciplinary program of EcoCreative Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulKorea School of biological sciences Seoul National UniversityKorea

Niche differentiation enables ecologically similar species to coexist by lessening competition over food and/or shelters and may be critical for reproductive isolation between closely related species in close ***cause no extra traits need to evolve,spatial and temporal differentiation may readily take place to complement other isolating *** closely related treefrog species occur together in Korea:the endangered Hyla suweonensis and the widespread Hyla *** calls are differentiated,but it is unclear whether call difference is sufficient for reproductive *** tracked individuals of both species to study fine-scale differentiation in microhabitat use in the diel cycle of the breeding season using a harmonic direction *** male movement patterns of both species revealed spatial and temporal differentiation in microhabitat use for calling and resting during the breeding *** of both *** and *** occurred in all 5 microhabitats identified in this study:rice paddy,ground,buried,grass and *** treefrog species showed general similarities in calling from rice paddies and resting in grass and ***,*** moved into rice paddies and produced advertisement calls 3 h earlier than *** differences likely minimize contact between the species and provide an additional isolating *** addition,the activity of *** may be contributing to the decline of this species,as resting in grass would increase dangers from predatory birds and habitat disturbance.

关键词： harmonic direction finding hylid treefrog pre-mating isolation mechanisms spatial isolation temporal isolation

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在背景干扰条件下大棕蝠对静止及移动目标的探测(英文)

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动物学报 2004年第1期50卷 9-18页

作者： Philip H-S.JEN Carl G. GOLD division of biological sciences and interdisciplinary neuroscience program University of Missouri-ColumbiaDivision of Biological Sciences and Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program University of Missouri-Columbia Missouri 65211-6190Missouri 65211-6190

采用“双选”的心理物理学方法 ,研究了训练后的大棕蝠 (Eptesicusfuscus)在背景干扰的条件下探测半圆形目标的能力。半圆形目标系以静止、旋转、摆动或不同组合的旋转与摆动呈现于蝙蝠。在测试室 ,蝙蝠-目标间距从 3 0cm开始 ,依次递增... 详细信息

采用“双选”的心理物理学方法 ,研究了训练后的大棕蝠 (Eptesicusfuscus)在背景干扰的条件下探测半圆形目标的能力。半圆形目标系以静止、旋转、摆动或不同组合的旋转与摆动呈现于蝙蝠。在测试室 ,蝙蝠-目标间距从 3 0cm开始 ,依次递增 10cm直至 110cm为止。当蝙蝠 -目标间距小于 80cm时 ,目标回声的强度总是大于背景干扰声。由旋转目标反射的回声强度则依正弦波调制。结果发现 :蝙蝠对目标的正确探测率随蝙蝠 -目标间距的增加而降低 ;在每一特定间距。

关键词：大棕蝠静止目标目标探测移动目标

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SWEET as Sugar： New Sucrose Effluxers in Plants

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Molecular Plant 2012年第4期5卷 766-768页

作者： R. Frank Baker Kristen A. Leach David M. Braun division of biological sciences Interdisciplinary Plant Group Missouri Maize Center University of Missouri 110 Tucker Hall Columbia MO 65211

Photosynthesis leads to the fixation of carbon in leaves and to the accumulation of carbohydrates （e.g., sucrose, starch）. This assimilated carbon must be transported from the leaves （source tissues） to non-photosynthetic organs （sink tissues）, such as roots and seeds. Despite the essentiality of this process in plants, a complete understanding of the actors involved in sucrose export from leaves is lacking. SWEET proteins are a newly identified class of sugar transporters that facilitate dif- fusion of sugars across cell membranes down a concentration gradient. In this perspective, we highlight the recent publica- tion of Chen et al. （2012）, which reports that SWEET proteins transport sucrose across cell membranes, are expressed in a subset of phloem parenchyma cells,

关键词： Candy foliage sugar protein sweeteners plants Fueling actor Carbon Fixation Saccharose snow goose

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The barren stalk2 Gene Is Required for Axillary Meristem Development in Maize

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Molecular Plant 2019年第3期12卷 374-389页

作者： Hong Yao Andrea Skirpan Brian Wardell Michaela S.Matthes Norman B.Best Tyler McCubbin Amanda Durbak Taylor Smith Simon Malcomber Paula McSteen division of biological sciences Interdisciplinary Plant GroupBond Life Sciences CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO65211USA Department of Biology Penn State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA Department of biological sciences California State UniversityLongBeachCA90840USA division of biological sciences Interdisciplinary Plant GroupColumbiaMO65211USA Present address:National Science Foundation 2415 Eisenhower AvenueAlexandriaVA22314USA

The diversity of plant architecture is determined by axillary meristems (AMs). AMs are produced from small groups of stem cells in the axils of leaf primordia and generate vegetative branches and reproductive inflorescences . Previous studies identified genes critical for AM development that function in auxin biosynthesis, transport, and signaling. barren stalkl (ba1), a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, acts downstream of auxin to control AM formation. Here, we report the cloning and characterization of barren stalk2 (ba2), a mutant that fails to produce ears and has fewer branches and spikelets in the tassel, indicating that ba2 functions in reproductive AM development. Furthermore, the ba2 mutation suppresses tiller growth in the teosinte branchedl mutant, indicating that ba2 also plays an essential role in vegetative AM development. The ba2 gene encodes a protein that co-localizes and heterodimerizes with BA1 in the nucleus . Characterization of the genetic interaction between ba2 and ba1 demonstrates that ba1 shows a gene dosage effect in ba2 mutants, providing further evidence that BA1 and BA2 act together in the same pathway. Characterization of the molecular and genetic interaction between ba2 and additional genes required for the regulation of ba1 further supports this finding. The ba1 and ba2 genes are orthologs of rice genes, LAX PANICLE1 (LAX1) and LAX2, respectively, hence providing insights into pathways controlling AMs development in grasses.

关键词： maize axillary meristem inflorescenee auxin

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Effect of FM component on auditory physiological properties of neurons in the inferior colliculus of CF-FM bat,Hipposideros armiger

Effect of FM component on auditory physiological properties ...

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2008北京国际生理科学学术大会

作者： PHS Jen division of biological sciences and interdisciplinary neuroscience program University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211USA

＜正＞Hipposideros armiger,as a typical CF-FM bat,mainly distributes in South and South-east *** it has been listed as a low risk species by International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resource （IUCN） in *** studies of this bat have been done in recent years,however,to our knowledge none neurophysiological study in the auditory system has been reported up to ***:In this study,we used a pettersson D980 bat detector to record echolocation signal and extracellular recording to learn the inferior colliculus （IC） neurons’ auditory physiological properties and frequency-modulated（FM） component’s influence with constant -frequency（CF）,FM and CF-FM ***:Bats emitted pulses with 2-4 harmonics during free flight and the peak frequency was 66.5±0.3 *** male and one female bats,weighing 43.0-50.0（46.5±2.7） g were used in neurophysiological study and 169 IC neurons were *** recording depth,best frequency（BF）,and minimal threshold（MT） of this neurons were in the range of 432-4159（2513.1±823.8）μrn,8.0-84.0（46.2±20.5） kHz and 23-103（67.5±16.9） dB *** showed that:（1） The straight linear regression line clearly indicates the statistically significant correlation between the electrode depths and the BFs of recorded units（r=0.716,P＜0.001）;（2） Neurons with BFs around the second harmonic had very sharp tuning curves;（3） FM component had no significant influence on latency[11.8±3.9（CF sound） vs 11.5±3.7（CF-FM sound）,P＞0.05];（4） Some neurons （38/153,24.8%） changed their response types into a new type called double on responder with CF-FM sound;（5） FM component had three types of influence on response of IC neurons to CF component,inhibitory（46/115,40%）, excitation（33/115,28.7%） and no significant（36/115,30.3%）.Conclusions:These data indicate that the physiological properties of IC neurons had some relation with bat’s echolocation signal and FM component could influence encoding sound signal of IC *** three types o

关键词： CF-FM bats echolocation signal inferior colliculus auditory physiological property

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Towards a comprehensive understanding of p75 neurotrophin receptor functions and interactions in the brain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第4期17卷 701-704页

作者： Joel F.Ritala Seán BLyne Antti Sajanti Romuald Girard Janne Koskimäki division of Clinical neurosciences Department of NeurosurgeryTurku University Hospital and University of TurkuTurkuFinland Neurovascular Surgery program Section of NeurosurgeryThe University of Chicago Medicine and Biological SciencesChicagoILUSA Department of Psychiatry Central Hospital of Southern OstrobothniaSeinäjokiFinland neuroscience Center HiLIFEUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland

The role of neurotrophins in neuronal plasticity has recently become a strong focus in neuroregeneration research field to elucidate the biological mechanisms by which these molecules modulate synapses,modify the response to injury,and alter the adaptation ***,the prior studies highlight the role of p75 neurotrophin receptor(p75^(NTR))in various injuries and diseases such as central nervous system injuries,Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral *** comprehensive elucidation of the mechanisms,and therapies targeting these molecular signaling networks may allow for neuronal tissue regeneration following an *** to a diverse role of the p75^(NTR)in biology,the body of evidence comprising its biological role is diffusely spread out over numerous *** review condenses the main evidence of p75^(NTR)for clinical applications and presents new findings from published literature how data mining approach combined with bioinformatic analyses can be utilized to gain new hypotheses in a molecular and network level.

关键词： bioinformatics brain injury data mining neuron neurotrophins p75^(NTR) plasticity regeneration

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Adaptive Mechanisms Underlying the Bat Biosonar Behavior

Adaptive Mechanisms Underlying the Bat Biosonar Behavior

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“基因、进化与生理功能多样性”海内外学术研讨会暨中国生理学会第七届比较生理学学术会议

作者： Philip Jen division of biological sciences and interdisciplinary neurosciences program University of Missouri ColumbiaMissouri 65211USA

For survival,bats of the suborder Microchiropetra emit intense ultrasonic pulses and analyzing the weak returning echoes to extract the direction,distance,velocity,size, shape of *** bats and other mam- mals share the common layout of the auditory pathway and sound coding mechanism,echolocating bats have highly developed auditory system to process biologically relevant pulses at the expense of reduced visual *** this active biosonar behavior,they progressively shorten the pulse duration,decrease the amplitude and pulse-echo gap as they search,approach and finally intercept the ***, these changes in multiple pulse parameters throughout the entire course of hunting enable bats to extract maximal information about localized prey from the returning *** hunt successfully,the auditory system of the bat must be less sensitive to intense emitted pulses but highly sensitive to weak returning *** other words,bats need echo facilitation not echo suppression during ***, they need to recognize and differentiate the echoes of their emitted pulses from echoes of pulses emitted by other conspecific *** studies have shown the following mechanical and neural adaptive mechanisms underlying the successful bat biosonar behavior.

关键词： Bat Biosonar behavior Sensitivity

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