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Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第3期25卷 579-584页

作者： Kuruvilla Thomas C.M. Jijeesh K.K. Seethalakshmi SFM division Kerala Forest Research Institute Dept of Silviculture & agroforestry College of Forestry

Litter production, decomposition and nutrient release dynam-ics of Ochlandra setigera, a rare endemic bamboo species of Nilgiri biosphere were studied during 2011-2012 using the standard litter bag technique. Annual litter production was 1.981 t？ha-1 and was continuous throughout the year with monthly variations. Litterfall followed a tri-phasic pattern with two major peaks in November, 2011 and January, 2012 and a minor peak in July, 2011. The rate of decomposition in O. setigera was a good fit to the exponential decay model of Olson （1963）. Litter quality and climatic conditions of the study site （maximum tem-perature, monthly rainfall and relative humidity） influenced the rate of decomposition. Nutrient release from the decomposing litter mass was in rank order N=Mg＆gt;K=Ca＆gt;P. Nutrient release from litter was con-tinuous and it was in synchrony with growth of new culms. Study of litter dynamics is needed before introduction of a bamboo species into degraded or marginal lands or agroforestry systems.

关键词： Ochlandra setigera litter fall litter decomposition nutrientrelease decomposition rate

Delineating Key Determinants of Domestic Fuelwood Consumption of Rural Households in Western Himalaya-Policy Implications

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第1期11卷 195-204页

作者： MUSHTAQ Tahir SOOD Kamal Kishor PESHIN Rajinder division of agroforestry Sher-e-kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology division of Agricultural Extension Education Sher-e-kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology

A study was carried out in district Samba of Western Himalayan province of Jammu and Kashmir of *** data were collected in an interview schedule in personal interview with 180 household *** association between the level of fuelwood consumption(low versus high consumption) and different factors,each individually,was investigated using chi-square test of association at 0.001 level of *** was found that out of 25 socio-economic,biophysical and alternate fuel factors,15 factors(each individually) significantly influenced the domestic fuelwood *** regression models of alternate fuel use,social,economic and biophysical factors were developed to identify key variables influencing fuelwood consumption levels within each respective category.A composite model was also developed to identify key factors when all variables in all the pre-said categories were considered ***,in contrast to expectation the model with alternate fuel use did not provide a good *** biophysical model also did not provide a good *** economic and composite models were the same with equal level of accuracy of *** implies that economic aspects,rather than the availability of alternate fuels,dominate fuelwood consumption levels of rural *** to increase the exposure of the head of household to outside world needs to formulated to reduce the domestic fuelwood consumption *** nearer to state forests are to be educated about efficient use of fuelwood and be encouraged to intensify use of Liquified Petroleum *** wider implications of study are:the availability of alternate fuels is not a necessary condition to decrease household level domestic fuelwood *** factors needs to be considered in designing strategies to reduce fuelwood *** employment opportunities would increase the opportunity cost of fuelwood collection and this would reduce its use.

关键词： Social Economic Household Alternate fuel Regression

Root Structure,Distribution and Biomass in Five Multipurpose Tree Species of Western Himalayas

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第2期11卷 519-525页

作者： Kartar Singh VERMA Sandeep KOHLI Rajesh KAUSHAL Om Parkash CHATURVEDI Department of Silviculture and agroforestry Dr Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry Plant Science division Central Soil and Water Conservation Reserach & Training Institute

【Title】【Author】【Addresses】1The tree root distribution pattern and biomass of seventeen year old trees of Grewia optiva, Morus alba, Celtis australis, Bauhinia variegata and Robinia pseudoacacia were studied by excavation method. B. variegata roots penetrated to a maximum depth of 4.78 m, whereas, M. alba roots were found down to 1.48 m depth. Lateral spread was minimum in B. variegata （1.10 m）and maximum inR. pseudoacacia （7.33 m）. Maximum root biomass of 6.30 kg was found in R. pseudoacacia and minimum （2.43 kg） was found in M. alba. For four species viz.,G. optiva, M. alba, C. australis andR. pseudoacacia, 68%-87% root biomass occurred within top 0-30 cm soil depth, but forB. variegata this was only45%. The soil binding factor was maximum in G. optiva and minimum in B. variegata. Soil physico-chemical properties also showed wide variation. The study suggests thatB. variegata with a deep root system is the most suitable species for plantation under agroforestry systems. R. pseudoacacia and G. optiva with deep root systems, more lateral spread and high soil binding factor are suitable for plantation on degraded lands for soil conservation.

关键词： Root categories Root distribution Root biomass Soil binding factor Soil conservation Nutrients

Global achievements in sustainable land management

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2013年第1期1卷 1-10页

作者： Peter Motavalli Kelly Nelson Ranjith Udawatta Shibu Jose Sougata Bardhan Environmental and Atmos.Sciences University of MissouriColumbiaMOUSA division of Plant Sciences University of MissouriColumbiaMOUSA Center for agroforestry University of MissouriColumbiaMOUSA

Identification and development of sustainable land management is urgently required because of widespread resource degradation from poor land use *** addition,the world will need to increase food production to meet the nutritional needs of a growing global population without major environmental *** climate change and its impacts on the environment is an additional factor to consider in identifying and developing sustainable land use *** objectives of this paper are to:(1)provide a background to the need for sustainable land management,(2)identify some of its major components,and(3)discuss some examples of sustainable land management systems that are being practiced around the *** common components of this type of management are:(1)understanding the ecology of land management,(2)maintenance or enhancement of land productivity,(3)maintenance of soil quality,(4)increased diversity for higher stability and resilience,(5)provision of economic and ecosystem service benefits for communities,and(6)social *** examples of sustainable land management systems are discussed to illustrate the wide range of systems that have been developed around the world including agroforestry,conservation agriculture,and precision agricultural *** technology,allowing for geater environmental measurement and for improved access and sharing of information,provides opportunities to identify and develop more sustainable land management practices and systems for the future.

关键词： Soil degradation Ecosystem services Diversity Soil quality agroforestry Conservation agriculture Precision agriculture

Land use change detection in Solan Forest division,Himachal Pradesh,India

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Forest Ecosystems 2015年第4期2卷 327-338页

作者： Shipra Shah DP Sharma Department of Forestry College of AgricultureFisheries and ForestryFiji National University Department of Silviculture and agroforestry Dr.Y.S.Parmar University of Horiculture and Forestry

Background： Monitoring the changing pattern of vegetation across diverse landscapes through remote sensing is instrumental in understanding the interactions of human activities and the ecological environment. Land use pattern i the state of Himachal Pradesh in the Indian Western Himalayas has been undergoing rapid modifications due to changing cropping patterns, rising anthropogenic pressure on forests and government policies. We studied land use change in Solan Forest division of Himachal Pradesh to assess species wise area changes in the forests of the region. Methods： The supervised classification （Maximum likelihood） on two dates of IRS （LISS III） satellite data was performed to assess land use change over the period 1998-2010. Results： Seven land use categories were identified namely, chir pine （Pinus roxburghii） forest, broadleaved forest, bamboo （Dendrocolamus strictus） forest, ban oak （Quercus leucotrichophora） forest, khair （Acacia catechu） forest, culturable blank and cultivation. The area under chir pine, cultivation and khair forests increased by 191 ha （4.55 %）, 129 ha （13.81%） and 77 ha （23.40 %）, whereas the area under ban oak, broadleaved, culturable blank and bamboo decreased by 181 ha （16.58 %）, 152 ha （6.30 %）, 71 ha （2.72 %） and 7 ha （0.47 %）, respectively. Conclusions： The study revealed a decrease in the area under forest and culturable blank categories and a simultaneous increase in the area under cultivation primarily due to the large scale introduction of horticultural cash crops in the state. The composition of forests also exhibited some major changes, with an increase in the area of commercially important monoculture plantation species such as pine and khair, and a decline in the area of oak, broadleaved and bamboo which are facing a high anthropogenic pressure in meeting the livelihood demands of forest dependent communities. In time deforestation, forest degradation and ecological imbalances due to the changing forest species compositio

关键词： Land use Solan Forest division Supervised Classification Maximum likelihood

Growth and yield of Solanum khasianum in Pinus roxburghii forest based silvi-medicinal system in mid hills of Indian Himalaya

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Forest Ecosystems 2016年第4期3卷 320-328页

作者： Chandra Shekher Sanwal Raj Kumar Raheel Anwar Vijaysinha Kakade Sushma Kerketta S.D.Bhardwaj Indian Forest Service Uttarakhand Forest Department Haldwani Forest Division Haldwani 263139 Nainital Uttarakhand India ICAR-IISWC Research Center Vasad Anand 388306 Gujrat India Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana 141 004 India Department of Silviculture and agroforestry Dr. Y. S. Parrnar University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni Solan 173 032 Himachal Pradesh India

Background：In mid hills of Western Himalayas,Himachal Pradesh India,growth,yield and economics of Solanum khasianum as a potential medicinal herb under Pinus roxburghii（Chir pine） plantation has been studied for two consecutive years to assess the performance of Solanum khasianum in undercanopy of Pinus roxburghii for developing Solanum khasianum and Pinus roxburghii based innovative silvi-medicinal ***：Growth parameters such as plant height,number of branches per plant and leaf area index followed by yield were estimated after Solanum khasianum was grown on three topographical aspects as;Northern,North- western and Western at a spacing of 45 cm x 45 cm,followed by three tillage depths as;minimum（0 cm）,medium（up to 10 cm）and deep tillage（up to 15 cm）,in open and below canopy conditions *** study was conducted to explore the possibility of using Solanum khasianum based silvi-medicinal system to utilize the below canopy of Chir pine forest for enhancing the productivity of forests besides the conservation of the medicinal ***：The growth parameters such as plant height,number of branches per plant and leaf area index were nonsignificantly affected by topographical aspects and tillage practices,both below canopy and open conditions except fresh weight and dry weight of berries during harvesting *** maximum yield（0.61 t·ha^（-1）） was observed on Western aspect in open conditions as compared to below canopy of Chir *** highest gross returns were observed for the crop cultivated on Western aspect under deep tillage in open conditions than other aspect and tillage *** the positive net returns from the crops raised in below canopy of Chir pine indicates its possible economic viability under agroforestry system as the gross returns was higher than the cost of ***：Solanum khasianum when grown in below canopy of Pinus roxburghii,its growth and yield indicated positive net *** khasianum and P

关键词： Bio-economic evaluation Silvi-medicinal system Inter-specific competition Topographical aspect Tillage depth Leaf area index(LAI)

印度喜马拉亚东部3个经济竹种的分布、生长和生产力(英文)

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世界竹藤通讯 2004年第3期2卷 22-32页

作者： B.P.Bhatt L.B.Singha Kundan Singh M.S.Sachan agroforestry division ICAR Research Complex for N.E.H.RegionUmroi Road Umiam MeghalayaIndiaAgroforestry DivisionICAR Research Complex for N.E.H.RegionUmroi Road Umiam MeghalayaIndiaAgroforestry DivisionICAR Research Complex for N.E.H.RegionUmroi Road Umiam MeghalayaIndiaAgroforestry DivisionICAR Research Complex for N.E.H.RegionUmroi Road Umiam MeghalayaIndia

对印度喜马拉亚东部3个州的经济竹种的分布、生长和生产力进行了研究。在梅加拉亚那邦,发现了牡竹属、巴苦竹和梨竹属3个经济竹种。巴苦竹是在米佐拉姆的记载,方竹属和牡竹属是在锡金记载的笋用竹。所有竹种除野生外均在庭院中栽培。据... 详细信息

对印度喜马拉亚东部3个州的经济竹种的分布、生长和生产力进行了研究。在梅加拉亚那邦,发现了牡竹属、巴苦竹和梨竹属3个经济竹种。巴苦竹是在米佐拉姆的记载,方竹属和牡竹属是在锡金记载的笋用竹。所有竹种除野生外均在庭院中栽培。据观察,竹子的产量与海拔的变化密切相关,巴苦竹最大产量出现在低海拔的而非高海拔的林分中。牡竹在梅加拉亚邦每丛生长69株,每公顷1839株,大大高于庭院种植的低海拔株数(每丛16株,每公顷303株)。而在天然林中,在高海拔总株数为每丛29株,每公顷1186株,在低海拔中每丛22株,每公顷178株。

关键词：经济竹种生产力生长分布东部印度低海拔庭院种植牡竹属高海拔公顷苦竹笋用竹天然林产量株数竹子林分梅梨

Temporal Variations in Carbon Stock of Pinus roxburghii Sargent Forests of Himachal Pradesh,India

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第4期11卷 959-966页

作者： Shipra SHAH Dharam Prakash SHARMA Nazir A.PALA Priyanka TRIPATHI Munesh KUMAR Department of Silviculture & agroforestry College of Forestry Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry Nauni Solan 173230 India Departments of Forestry Faculty of Horticulture UBKV Pundibari Cooch Behar 736165 India Department of Forestry and Natural Resources H.N.B. Garhwal University Srinagar-Garhwal Uttarakhand 249161 India

The present study was conducted in Solan Forest division of Himachal Pradesh covering an area of about 57,158 ha. The aim was to estimate and assess the temporal change in carbon stock of the Chil Working Circle, in two forest ranges of the division, Solan and Dharampur, over the period of 1956-2011. The inventory data of the working plans of Solan Forest division from 1956-1957, 1984-1985 and 2002-2003 were used in the present study while field data for biomass estimation was collected for the year *** results showed a declining trend in carbon stock over 1956-1984 period, however, an increasing trend over 1984-2002 was observed, which showed a further increase for the period 2002-2011. These fluctuating trends in the forest carbon stock can be related to increasing anthropogenic pressure on forests and the subsequent introduction of a ban on green felling envisaging efficient forest management, both of which affect the forest carbon pool significantly.

关键词： Carbon stock Temporal change Climatechange Forest inventory

Genome-Wide Analysis for Yield-Related Agronomic and Biochemical Traits of Chinese and Bangladeshi Grass Pea Genotypes Using SSR Markers

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第8期93卷 1781-1804页

作者： Md.Mosiur Rahman Md.Ruhul Quddus Quanle Xu Muhammad Malek Hossain Rong Liu Mengwei Li Xin Yan Guan Li Yishan Ji Chenyu Wang Ashutosh Sarker Tao Yang Xuxiao Zong Md.Monoar Hossain Saleh Alfarraj Mohammad Javed Ansari Sagar Maitra Akbar Hossain Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS)Beijing100081China Pulses Research Center Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute(BARI)Gazipur1701Bangladesh Hybrid Rice division Bangladesh Rice Research Institute(BRRI)Gazipur1701Bangladesh Northwest Agriculture&Forestry University Yangling712199China International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas(ICARDA) New Delhi110012India Wheat Breeding division Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research InstituteDinajpur5200Bangladesh Zoology Department College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia Department of Botany Hindu College Moradabad(Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand UniversityBareilly)Moradabad244001India Department of Agronomy and agroforestry Centurion University of Technology and ManagementOdisha761211India Soil Science division Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research InstituteDinajpur5200Bangladesh

Grass pea(Lathyrus sativus L.)is an imperative food crop cultured in dryland agricultural *** is a vital source of dietary protein to millions of populaces living in low-income countries in South-East Asia and *** study highlights the improvement of genomic properties and their application in marker-trait relationships for 17 yield-related characters in 400 grass pea genotypes from China and *** characters were assessed via 56 polymorphic markers using general linear model(GLM)(P+G+Q)and mixed linear model(MLM)(P+G+Q+K)in the tassel software based on the linkage disequilibrium and population structure *** structure analysis showed two major groups and one admixed group in the *** significant loci pairs of linkage disequilibrium(LD)mean value(D′)was 0.479.A total of 99 and 61 marker-trait associations in GLM and MLM models allied to the 17 traits were accepted at a 5%level of *** these markers,21 markers were associated with more than one trait;12 marker-trait associations passed the Bonferroni correction *** models found six markers C41936,C39067,C34100,C47146,C47638,and C43047 significantly associated with days to maturity,flower color,plant height,and seed per pod were detected in the Hebei and Liaoyang location(p≤0.01),and the interpretation rate(R^(2)value)11.2%to 43.6%.Conferring to the consequences,the association analysis methodology may operative system for quantitative,qualitative,and biochemical traits related to gene position mapping and support breeders in improving novel approaches for advancing the grass pea quality.

关键词： Grass pea dryland agriculture genome-wide association yield contributing traits SSR markers

Quality Assessment of Different Industrial Effluents for Irrigation in Agriculture

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Journal of Earth Science and Engineering 2015年第2期5卷 134-145页

作者： M Rafiqul Islam G K M Mustafizur Rahman A J M Sirajul Karim M Giasuddin Miah M Abu Saleque Principal Scientific Officer Soil Science Division BRRI (Bangladesh Rice Research Institute) Gazipur 1701 Bangladesh Department of Soil Science BSMRA U (Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University) Gazipur 1706 Bangladesh Department of agroforestry and Environment BSMRA U Gazipur-1706 Bangladesh CASR (Coordinator for Advanced Studies and Research) BRRI Gazipur 1701 Bangladesh

A laboratory experiment was undertaken in Soil Science division of BRRI （Bangladesh Rice Research Institute） during 2010 to assess the quality of industrial effluents and city waste as a source of irrigation water for agriculture. The treatments of the studies were the effluents of five different industrial sources like polyvinyl, dyeing, pharmaceuticals, beverage, tannery, mixed waste water （contaminated with effluents from many industries）, CWW （city waste water） and underground water as control. The industrial effluents, MWW （mixed waste water）, CWW and control water were tested for electrical conductivity, pH, and soluble ions such as Na^＋, Ca^2＋, Mg^2＋, K^＋, HCO3-, CO3^2-, NH4^＋-N and H2PO4^-. Micronutrients （Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn） and heavy metals （As, Pb, Cd, Cr and Ni） were analyzed from the samples. Beverage industry effluent showed acidic reaction, while the other industrial effluents showed alkaline reaction （pH 7.25-9.07）. Pharmaceutical, dyeing and tannery effluents showed EC of 3.40, 4.30 and 9.49 dS m^-1, respectively, compared to 0.54 dSm^-1 of the control. All the effluents except polyvinyl and beverage effluents and CWW recorded higher carbonate and bicarbonate content than that of control. Industrial effluents and CWW were higher in micronutrient content as compared to control. Dyeing, pharmaceutical and tannery effluents contained 2.51, 3.94 and 4.29 mg L^-1 lead, 0.15, 0.14 and 0.38 mg L^-1 chromium and 0.25, 0.24 and 0.16 mg L^-1 nickel, respectively which might be concemed for health hazard through food chain.

关键词： Electrical conductivity heavy metal content sodium adsorption ration soluble sodium percent city waste water.