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Value of liver computed tomography with iodixanol 270, 80 kVp and iterative reconstruction

World Journal of radiology 2016年第7期8卷 693-699页

作者： Diomidis Botsikas Isabelle Barnaure Sylvain Terraz Christoph D Becker Anastasia Kalovidouri Xavier Montet Department of radiology Geneva University Hospital division of Neuroradiology Department of Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital

AIM: To evaluate the image quality of hepatic multidetector computed tomography(MDCT) with dynamic contrast enhancement. METHODS: It uses iodixanol 270 mg/m L(Visipaque 270) and 80 kVp acquisitions reconstructed with sinogram affirmed iterative reconstruction(SAFIRE?) in comparison with a standard MDCT protocol. Fiftythree consecutive patients with known or suspected hepatocellular carcinoma underwent 55 CT examinations, with two different four-phase CT protocols. The first group of 30 patients underwent a standard 120 kVp acquisition after injection of Iohexol 350 mg/m L(Accupaque 350~?) and reconstructed with filtered back projection. The second group of 25 patients underwent a dual-energy CT at 80-140 kVp with iodixanol 270. The 80 kVp component of the second group was reconstructed iteratively(SAFIRE?-Siemens). All hyperdense and hypodense hepatic lesions ≥ 5 mm were identified with both protocols. Aorta and portal vessels/liver parenchyma contrast to noise ratio(CNR) in arterial phase, hypervascular lesion/liver parenchyma CNR in arterial phase, hypodense lesion/liver parenchyma CNR in portal and late phase were calculated in both ***: Aorta/liver and focal lesions altogether/liver CNR were higher for the second protocol(P = 0.0078 and 0.0346). Hypervascular lesions/liver CNR was not statistically different(P = 0.86). Hypodense lesion/liver CNR in the portal phase was significantly higher for the second group(P = 0.0107). Hypodense lesion/liver CNR in the late phase was the same for both groups(P = 0.9926).CONCLUSION: MDCT imaging with 80 kVp with iterative reconstruction and iodixanol 270 yields equal or even better image quality.

关键词： Multiphasic dynamic liver computed tomography Low-kVp computed tomography Iso-osmolar iodine contrast agent Low iodine concentration contrast agent Iterative reconstruction

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Impact of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease on the risk of gallbladder polyps in lean and non-obese individuals:A cohort study

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第6期23卷 573-578页

作者： Nam Hee Kim Ji Hun Kang Hong Joo Kim division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineKangbuk Samsung HospitalSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulKorea Department of radiology Hanyang University Guri HospitalHanyang University College of MedicineGuriKorea

Background:The association between non-obese or lean nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and gallbladder polyps(GBPs)has not yet been *** aimed to determine whether NAFLD is an independent risk factor for the development of GBPs,even in non-obese and lean ***:We analyzed a cohort of 331208 asymptomatic adults who underwent abdominal ultrasonography(US).The risk of GBP development was evaluated according to the obesity and NAFLD ***:The overall prevalence of NAFLD and GBPs≥5 mm was 28.5%and 2.9%,*** prevalence of NAFLD among 160276 lean,77676 overweight and 93256 obese participants was 8.2%,31.2%,and 61.1%,*** with NAFLD had a significantly higher incidence of GBPs with a size of≥5 mm[adjusted odds ratio(OR)=1.18;95%confidence interval(CI):1.11–1.25].A higher body mass index and its categories were also significantly associated with an increased risk of GBPs≥5 ***,risk of GBPs≥5 mm was significantly increased even in NAFLD individuals who are not obese(lean:adjusted OR=1.36,95%CI:1.19-1.54;overweight:adjusted OR=1.14,95%CI:1.03–1.26,respectively).Conclusions:Non-obese/lean NAFLD is an independent risk factor for GBP development,suggesting that NAFLD may play an important role in the pathogenesis of GBPs regardless of the obesity ***,a more thorough evaluation for GBPs may be necessary when hepatic steatosis is detected on abdominal US,even in non-obese or lean individuals.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Non-obese Lean Gallbladder polyps

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Coil-assisted retrograde transvenous obliteration for gastric varices in a Chinese case

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Journal of Interventional Medicine 2021年第2期4卷 94-96页

作者： Pengxu Ding Chao Liu Xinwei Han Edward Wolfgang Lee Department of Intervention The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina division of Interventional radiology Department of RadiologyUCLA Medical CenterDavid Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCAUSA

Gastric varices are a major complication of portal hypertension in patients with liver cirrhosis and are associated with more massive bleeding events and higher mortality *** intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)and balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration(BRTO)have been well documented as effective therapies for portal hypertensive gastric variceal *** China,TIPS are well accepted but BRTO is not well recieved due to the increase risk of complications associated with traditional ***,modified-BRTO,known as coil-assisted and plug-assisted retrograde transvenous obliteration(CARTO and PARTO,respectively),is receiving increased attention due to devoid of BRTO’s *** CARTO case from China has been reported in literature thus ***,we present a Chinese case of CARTO to treat gastric varices bleeding.

关键词： Gastric varices Gastric variceal bleeding Coil assisted retrograde transvenous obliteration

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Image-Based Brachytherapy in Cervical Cancer: Review and Experiences in Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2013年第5期4卷 1-7页

作者： Ekkasit Tharavichitkul Somvilai Chakrabandhu Pitchayaponne Klunklin Wimrak Onchan Imjai Chitapanarux The division of Therapeutic radiology and Oncology Department of Radiology Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand The division of Therapeutic radiology and Oncology Department of Radiology Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand.

Cervical cancer is the one of the most common cancer in female patients inThailand. Radiotherapy has the role for the treatment of cervical cancer by postoperative, radical and palliative treatments. For radical radiotherapy, the combination of external beam radiation therapy and brachytherapy will be used to increase the tumor dose to curative goal. With the new development of medical images (Computed tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) or Ultrasonography (US)), the treatment with brachytherapy will be developed from point-based to volume-based concepts. Many studies reported the benefit of image-based brachytherapy over conventional brachytherapy and clinical benefit of using image-based brachytherapy in the treatment of cervical cancer.

关键词： Image-Based Brachytherapy Cervical Cancer Review

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Blood flow Interpretation in Femoral Pseudoaneurysm

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Journal of Thermal Science 2013年第3期22卷 229-233页

作者： Sang-Ho Suh Young Ho Choi Hyoung-Ho Kim Min-Gyu Jeon Deog-Hee Doh Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Soongsil University Department of radiology Seoul Nat'l University Boramae Hospital Graduate School Korea Maritime Univ. division of Mechanical and Energy Systems Engineering Korea Maritime University

A femoral artery pseudoaneurysm is one complication of vascular intervention, and the incidence is increasing. Early management is then needed to avoid potential dangers from it. It differs from a true aneurysm in that it doesn't include any component of the vascular wall, and is not studied as much as a true aneurysm. Here, a model of a femoral pseudoaneurysm was made and a Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) simulation was verified with PIV experiment. Afterwards, a CFD simulation with two different models was performed to look for any findings which may help in developing new treatment methods.

关键词： Femoral Artery, Pseudoaneurysm, Numerical and PIV experimental Interpretation

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abdominal and gastrointestinal manifestations in COVID-19 patients: Is imaging useful?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第26期27卷 4143-4159页

作者： Piero Boraschi Luigi Giugliano Giuseppe Mercogliano Francescamaria Donati Stefania Romano Emanuele Neri Department of Diagnostic Imaging Second Division of RadiologyAzienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana-University of PisaPisa 56124Italy Department of radiology University of Naples“Federico II”Naples 80131Italy Department of Diagnostic Imaging Santa Maria delle Grazie HospitalNaples 80078Italy Diagnostic and Interventional radiology Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical TechnologiesUniversity of PisaPisa 56126Italy

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)can be considered a systemic disease with a specific tropism for the vascular system,in which the alterations of the microcirculation have an important pathogenetic *** lungs are the main organ involved in COVID-19,and severe progressive respiratory failure is the leading cause of death in the affected patients;however,many other organs can be involved with variable clinical *** abdominal manifestations,the gastrointestinal tract and the hepatobiliary system are mainly affected,although the pancreas,urinary tract and spleen may also be *** most common gastrointestinal symptoms are loss of appetite,followed by nausea and vomiting,diarrhea and abdominal *** imaging findings include bowel wall thickening,sometimes associated with hyperemia and mesenteric thickening,fluid-filled segments of the large bowel and rarely intestinal pneumatosis and *** involvement manifests as an increase in the enzymatic levels of alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,serum bilirubin andγ-glutamyl transferase with clinical manifestations in most cases mild and *** most frequent radiological features are hepatic steatosis,biliary sludge and *** acute pancreatitis,kidney infarct and acute kidney injury from acute tubular necrosis have been described more rarely in ***,splenic involvement is characterized by splenomegaly and by the development of solitary or multifocal splenic infarcts with classic wedge shaped or even rounded morphology,with irregular or smooth *** summary,the abdominal radiological findings of COVID-19 are nonspecific and with poor pathological correlation reported in the *** and particularly computed tomography with multiphasic acquisition are the diagnostic methods mainly utilized in COVID-19 patients with abdominal clinical symptoms and *** radiological signs are not specific of abdom

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 abdominal findings Gastrointestinal findings Computed tomography Ultrasound

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Differentiating Cystic Liver Lesions:A Review of Imaging Modalities, Diagnosis and Management

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2018年第2期6卷 208-216页

作者： Marianna G.Mavilia Tina Pakala Marco Molina George Y.Wu Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology-HepatologyUniversity of Connecticut Health CenterFarmingtonCTUSA Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology-HepatologyNew York Presbyterian HospitalNew YorkNYUSA Department of radiology University of Connecticut Health CenterFarmingtonCTUSA

Hepatic cysts(HCs)are frequently discovered incidentally on abdominal *** prevalence of HCs has been reported as high as 15–18%in the United *** most cysts are benign,some are malignant or *** is impor-tant to diagnose cystic lesions in order to properly manage *** with conventional ultrasound,computed to-mography,magnetic resonance imaging,or contrast-enhanced ultrasound can be used to further characterize and diagnose *** is typically the first-line imaging modality,whereas more advanced imaging can help narrow down the specific ***-enhanced ultrasound is a newer mo-dality,recently approved in the United States,which offers non-invasive evaluation in *** first step in diagnosis is stratifying risk by differentiating simple and complex *** are several features that can help identify HCs,including septae,mural consistency,calcifications,and quality of cystic *** cysts are mainly congenital cysts,but also occur in polycystic liver *** cysts include mucinous neoplasms,echinococcal cysts,hemorrhagic cysts,cystic hep-atocellular carcinoma and other rare *** is indicated in symptomatic cysts or those suspicious for malig-nant or premalignant *** modalities include fenestration,aspiration sclerotherapy,or surgical resection.

关键词： Hepatic cyst Simple cyst Complex cyst Hepatic imaging Contrast-enhanced ultrasound Treatment

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Transpleural systemic artery to pulmonary vessel fistulas:Imaging characteristics and management of an uncommon entity

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Discussion of Clinical Cases 2020年第3期7卷 7-11页

作者： Thomas J An T.Gregory Walker Department of radiology Division of Interventional RadiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMAUSA

Systemic arterial to pulmonary vessel fistulas may develop in the setting of pleural inflammation and/or *** arteries are the most commonly involved vessels,with recruitment often occurring in chronic diseases such as tuberculosis and cystic ***,transpleural systemic arteries that directly communicate with the pulmonary vasculature may develop in the presence of pleural injury or chronic *** clinical presentation and management of three cases of transpleural systemic artery to pulmonary vessel fistulas are *** the atypical imaging appearance of these lesions,there is risk of misdiagnosis of these entities as a pulmonary arteriovenous *** the pathophysiology,complex anatomy,and treatment for these rare vascular malformations is crucial prior to angiographic intervention in order to improve outcomes,avoid misdiagnosis,and prevent inappropriate intervention.

关键词： Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula Transpleural Pulmonary hemorrhage

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Simultaneous whole body ^(18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography magnetic resonance imaging for evaluation of pediatric cancer: Preliminary experience and comparison with ^(18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography computed tomogra

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World Journal of radiology 2016年第3期8卷 322-330页

作者： Brian S Pugmire Alexander R Guimaraes Ruth Lim Alison M Friedmann Mary Huang David Ebb Howard Weinstein Onofrio A Catalano Umar Mahmood Ciprian Catana Michael S Gee Department of radiology Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center division of Body Imaging Oregon Health Sciences University division of abdominal Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital division of Pediatric Imaging Mass General Hospital for Children division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Mass General Hospital for Children

AIM: To describe our preliminary experience with simultaneous whole body ^(18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose(^(18)F-FDG)positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging(PET-MRI) in the evaluation of pediatric oncology ***: This prospective, observational, singlecenter study was Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant, and institutional review board approved. To be eligible, a patient was required to:(1) have a known or suspected cancer diagnosis;(2) be under the care of a pediatric hematologist/oncologist; and(3) be scheduled for clinically indicated ^(18)F-FDG PETCT examination at our institution. Patients underwent PET-CT followed by PET-MRI on the same day. PET-CT examinations were performed using standard department protocols. PET-MRI studies were acquired with an integrated 3 Tesla PET-MRI scanner using whole body T1 Dixon, T2 HASTE, EPI diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI) and STIR sequences. No additional radiotracer was given for the PET-MRI examination. Both PET-CT and PETMRI examinations were reviewed by consensus by two study personnel. Test performance characteristics of PETMRI, for the detection of malignant lesions, including FDG maximum standardized uptake value(SUVmax) and minimum apparent diffusion coefficient(ADCmin), were calculated on a per lesion basis using PET-CT as a reference ***: A total of 10 whole body PET-MRI exams were performed in 7 pediatric oncology patients. The mean patient age was 16.1 years(range 12-19 years) including 6 males and 1 female. A total of 20 malignant and 21 benign lesions were identified on PET-CT. PET-MRI SUVmax had excellent correlation with PET-CT SUVmax for both benign and malignant lesions(R = 0.93). PETMRI SUVmax > 2.5 had 100% accuracy for discriminating benign from malignant lesions using PET-computed tomography(CT) reference. Whole body DWI was also evaluated: the mean ADCmin of malignant lesions(780.2 + 326.6) was significantly lower than that of benign lesions(1

关键词： Positron emission tomography radiology Pediatric imaging Oncology Cancer Magnetic resonance imaging

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Simple non-invasive biomarkers of advanced fibrosis in the evaluation of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

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Gastroenterology Report 2014年第4期2卷 276-280页

作者： Elliot B.Tapper Katherine Krajewski Michelle Lai Tracy Challies Robert Kane Nezam Afdhal Daryl Lau division of Gastroenterology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMA USA division of radiology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMAUSA division of Pathology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMAUSA

Background and ***-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a common,morbid disease with profound implications for the overall health of the *** set out to determine the clinical predictors of advanced histology in the referral *** performed a retrospective review of all biopsy-proven NAFLD patients,including 358 unique patients first seen between 1996 and *** histology and ultrasound images were reviewed prospectively by clinicians who were blinded to clinical information and test *** with men,women tended to present at an older age(51.4-10.6 vs 45.3-11.2 years,P40 IU/L(OR 2.00;95%CI:1.14–3.55)were associated with a NAFLD activity score>*** sensitivity and specificity of an AST to platelet ratio index(APRI)>1 for significant fibrosis was 30.0%(95%CI:17.2–45.4%)and 92.8%(95%CI:88.2-95.8%),respectively;the likelihood ratio is *** multivariate logistic regression,APRI>1 was the most significant predictor of advanced fibrosis(OR 3.85;95%CI:1.55–9.59).In patients without ultrasound-detected steatosis,20%had advanced fibrosis and 16.7%had active *** with suspected NAFLD should routinely be evaluated for advanced liver disease,including non-invasive indices of fibrosis such as APRI,and serious consideration given to liver biopsy.

关键词： cirrhosis non-alcoholic fatty liver disease non-alcoholic steatohepatitis aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index

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