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Performance assessment of prefabricated vertical drains in mitigating soil reliquefaction subjected to repeated seismic events using shaking table experiments

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil engineering 2024年第3期18卷 411-427页

作者： Gowtham PADMANABHAN Ganesh Kumar SHANMUGAM Department of Earthquake engineering Indian Institute of Technology RoorkeeUttarakhand 247667India Geotechnical engineering division CSIR-Central Building research Institute Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research(AcSIR)Uttarakhand 247667India

The use of prefabricated vertical drains(PVD)in liquefiable deposits is gaining attention due to enhanced ***,investigations on PVD in mitigating re-liquefaction during repeated shaking events are not *** study performed a series of shaking table experiments on untreated and PVD-treated specimens prepared with 40%and 60%relative *** sinusoidal loading was applied with an incremental peak acceleration of 0.1g,0.2g,0.3g,and 0.4g,at 5 Hz shaking frequency with 40 s *** performance of treated ground was evaluated based on the generation and dissipation of excess pore water pressure(EPWP),induced sand densification,subsidence,and cyclic stress *** addition,the strain accumulated in fresh and exhumed PVD was investigated using geotextile tensile testing apparatus aided with digital image *** evidence of pore pressure was reported up to 0.2g peak acceleration for 40%and 60%relative density *** continuous occurrence of soil densification and drainage medium restrained and delayed the generation of EPWP and expedited the dissipation *** study demonstrates PVD can mitigate re-liquefaction,without suffering from deterioration,when subjected to medium to high intense repeated shaking events.

关键词： prefabricated vertical drains drainage re-liquefaction shaking table digital image correlation

engineering nanomedicines for immunogenic eradication of cancer cells:Recent trends and synergistic approaches

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第6期14卷 2475-2504页

作者： Ahmed O.Elzoghby Omar Samir Hagar E.Emam Ahmed Soliman Riham M.Abdelgalil Yomna M.Elmorshedy Kadria A.Elkhodairy Mahmoud L.Nasr division of engineering in Medicine and division of Renal Medicine Department of MedicineBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBoston 02115MAUSA Cancer Nanotechnology research Laboratory(CNRL) Faculty of PharmacyAlexandria UniversityAlexandria 21521Egypt

Resistance to cancer immunotherapy is mainly attributed to poor tumor immunogenicity as well as the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment(TME)leading to failure of immune *** therapeutic strategies including chemotherapy,radiotherapy,photodynamic,photothermal,magnetic,chemodynamic,sonodynamic and oncolytic therapy,have been developed to induce immunogenic cell death(ICD)of cancer cells and thereby elicit immunogenicity and boost the antitumor immune ***,many challenges hamper the clinical application of ICD inducers resulting in modest immunogenic ***,we outline the current state of using nanomedicines for boosting ICD of cancer ***,synergistic approaches used in combination with ICD inducing nanomedicines for remodeling the TME via targeting immune checkpoints,phagocytosis,macrophage polarization,tumor hypoxia,autophagy and stromal modulation to enhance immunogenicity of dying cancer cells were *** further highlight the emerging trends of using nanomaterials for triggering amplified ICD-mediated antitumor immune *** reticulum localized ICD,focused ultrasound hyperthermia,cell membrane camouflaged nanomedicines,amplified reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation,metallo-immunotherapy,ion modulators and engineered bacteria are among the most innovative *** challenges,merits and demerits of ICD inducer nanomedicines were also discussed with shedding light on the future role of this technology in improving the outcomes of cancer immunotherapy.

关键词： Immunogenic cell death Immunogenic eradication Nanomedicines Drug delivery Cancer immunotherapy Antitumor immunity T cells Tumor associated antigens Synergistic immune response

Development of vehicle-recognition method on water surfaces using LiDAR data:SPD^(2)(spherically stratified point projection with diameter and distance)

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第6期36卷 95-104页

作者： Eon-ho Lee Hyeon Jun Jeon Jinwoo Choi Hyun-Taek Choi Sejin Lee The Department of Mechanical engineering Kongju National University1223-24 Cheonan-daeroCheonan 31080Republic of Korea Ocean System engineering research division Korea Research Institute of Ships and Ocean Engineering(KRISO)Daejeon 34103Republic of Korea The division of Mechanical&Automotive engineering Kongju National University1223-24 Cheonan-daeroCheonan 31080Republic of Korea

Swarm robot systems are an important application of autonomous unmanned surface vehicles on water *** monitoring natural environments and conducting security activities within a certain range using a surface vehicle,the swarm robot system is more efficient than the operation of a single object as the former can reduce cost and save *** is necessary to detect adjacent surface obstacles robustly to operate a cluster of unmanned surface *** this purpose,a LiDAR(light detection and ranging)sensor is used as it can simultaneously obtain 3D information for all directions,relatively robustly and accurately,irrespective of the surrounding environmental *** the GPS(global-positioning-system)error range exists,obtaining measurements of the surface-vessel position can still ensure stability during platoon *** this study,a three-layer convolutional neural network is applied to classify types of surface *** aim of this approach is to redefine the sparse 3D point cloud data as 2D image data with a connotative meaning and subsequently utilize this transformed data for object classification ***,we have proposed a descriptor that converts the 3D point cloud data into 2D image *** use this descriptor effectively,it is necessary to perform a clustering operation that separates the point clouds for each *** developed voxel-based clustering for the point cloud ***,using the descriptor,3D point cloud data can be converted into a 2D feature image,and the converted 2D image is provided as an input value to the *** intend to verify the validity of the proposed 3D point cloud feature descriptor by using experimental data in the ***,we explore the feasibility of real-time object classification within this framework.

关键词： Object classification Clustering 3D point cloud data LiDAR(light detection and ranging) Surface vehicle

Metal natural product complex Ru-procyanidins with quadruple enzymatic activity combat infections from drug-resistant bacteria

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第5期14卷 2298-2316页

作者： Jie Shan Xu Jin Cong Zhang Muchen Huang Jianghao Xing Qingrong Li Yuyu Cui Qiang Niu Xu Lin Chen Xianwen Wang Department of Burns the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230022China School of Biomedical engineering Research and Engineering Center of Biomedical MaterialsAnhui Provincial Institute of Translational MedicineAnhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032China division of Gastroenterology the First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Science and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui 230026China The Second Clinical medical College Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230022China Department of Oncology the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230022China College and Hospital of Stomatology Anhui Medical UniversityKey Lab.of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui ProvinceHefei 230032China

Bacterial infection hampers wound repair by impeding the healing ***,inflammation at the wound site triggers the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS),causing oxidative stress and damage to proteins and *** can lead to chronic wounds,posing severe ***,eliminating bacterial infection and reducing ROS levels are crucial for effective wound ***,possessing enzyme-like catalytic activity,can convert endogenous substances into highly toxic substances,such as ROS,to combat bacteria and biofilms without inducing drug ***,the current nanozyme model with single enzyme activity falls short of meeting the complex requirements of antimicrobial ***,developing nanozymes with multiple enzymatic activities is ***,we engineered a novel metalloenzyme called Ru-procyanidin nanoparticles(Ru-PC NPs)with diverse enzymatic activities to aid wound healing and combat bacterial *** acidic conditions,due to their glutathione(GSH)depletion and peroxidase(POD)-like activity,Ru-PC NPs combined with H2O2 exhibit excellent antibacterial ***,in a neutral environment,the Ru-PC NPs,with catalase(CAT)activity,decompose H2O2 to O2,alleviating hypoxia and ensuring a sufficient oxygen ***,Ru-PC NPs possess exceptional antioxidant capacity through their superior superoxide dismutase(SOD)enzyme activity,effectively scavenging excess ROS and reactive nitrogen species(RNS)in a neutral *** maintains the balance of the antioxidant system and prevents ***-PC NPs also promote the polarization of macrophages from M1 to M2,facilitating wound *** importantly,Ru-PC NPs show good biosafety with negligible *** vivo wound infection models have confirmed the efficacy of Ru-PC NPs in inhibiting bacterial infection and promoting wound *** focus of this work highlights the quadruple enzymatic activity of Ru-PC NPs and its potential to reduce inf

关键词： Nanozymes Quadruple enzymatic activity Antibacterial therapy Wound therapy RNA-seqAnti-inflammatory Reactive oxygen species Reactive nitrogen species

Force-induced Caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis regulates orthodontic tooth movement

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第2期16卷 238-250页

作者： Liyuan Chen Huajie Yu Zixin Li Yu Wang Shanshan Jin Min Yu Lisha Zhu Chengye Ding Xiaolan Wu Tianhao Wu Chunlei Xun Yanheng Zhou Danqing He Yan Liu Department of Orthodontics Central LaboratoryPeking University School and Hospital for Stomatology&National Center for Stomatology&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases&National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices&Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology&Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health&NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials&National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical DevicesBeijingChina Peking University Hospital of Stomatology Fourth division BeijingChina

Pyroptosis,an inflammatory caspase-dependent programmed cell death,plays a vital role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and activating inflammatory *** tooth movement(OTM)is an aseptic force-induced inflammatory bone remodeling process mediated by the activation of periodontal ligament(PDL)progenitor ***,whether and how force induces PDL progenitor cell pyroptosis,thereby influencing OTM and alveolar bone remodeling remains *** this study,we found that mechanical force induced the expression of pyroptosis-related markers in rat OTM and alveolar bone remodeling *** or enhancing pyroptosis level could suppress or promote OTM and alveolar bone remodeling *** Caspase-1^(−/−)mice,we further demonstrated that the functional role of the force-induced pyroptosis in PDL progenitor cells depended on ***,mechanical force could also induce pyroptosis in human ex-vivo force-treated PDL progenitor cells and in compressive force-loaded PDL progenitor cells in vitro,which influenced ***,transient receptor potential subfamily V member 4 signaling was involved in force-induced Caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis in PDL progenitor ***,this study suggested a novel mechanism contributing to the modulation of osteoclastogenesis and alveolar bone remodeling under mechanical stimuli,indicating a promising approach to accelerate OTM by targeting Caspase-1.

关键词： homeostasis movement thereby

Molecular dynamics study of primary radiation damage in TiVTa concentrated solid-solution alloy

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第3期33卷 530-535页

作者：赵永鹏豆艳坤贺新福曹晗王林枫邓辉球杨文 Reactor engineering Technology research division China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China School of Physics and Electronics Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

The primary radiation damage in pure V and TiVTa concentrated solid-solution alloy(CSA)was studied using a molecular dynamics *** have performed displacement cascade simulations to explore the generation and evolution behavior of irradiation *** results demonstrate that the defect accumulation and agglomeration in TiVTa CSA are significantly suppressed compared to pure *** peak value of Frenkel pairs during cascade collisions in TiVTa CSA is much higher than that in pure V due to the lower formation energy of point ***,the longer lifetime of the thermal spike relaxation and slow energy dissipation capability of TiVTa CSA can facilitate the recombination of point *** defect agglomeration rate in TiVTa CSA is much lower due to the lower binding energy of interstitial clusters and reduced interstitial ***,the occurrence probability of dislocation loops in TiVTa CSA is lower than that in pure *** reduction in primary radiation damage may enhance the radiation resistance of TiVTa CSA,and the improved radiation tolerance is primarily attributed to the relaxation stage and long-term defect evolution rather than the ballistic *** results can provide fundamental insights into irradiation-induced defects evolution in refractory CSAs.

关键词： concentrated solid-solution alloy primary radiation damage molecular dynamics simulation

Thermal stability improvement and microstructure optimization of high cobalt content Nd-Fe-B magnets via terbium grain boundary diffusion

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第8期42卷 1531-1538,I0004页

作者： Jiyuan Xu Ruiyang Meng Jing Liu Jiateng Zhang Rui Han Yikun Fang Shengzhi Dong Wei Li division of Functional Materials research Central Iron and Steel Research InstituteBeijing100081China

The substitution of Fe by Co in the 2:14:1 phase is an effective method to increase the Curie temperature and enhance the thermal stability of the Nd-Fe-B ***,the accumulation of Co ele ment at the grain boundaries(GBs) changes the GBs from nonmagnetic to ferromagnetic and causes the thinlayer GBs to become rare,In this paper,the method of diffusing Tb element was chosen to improve the microstructure and temperature stability of high-Co *** original sintered Nd_(28.5)Dy_(3)-CO_(x)e_(bal)M_(0.6)B_(i)(x=0,6 wt%,12 wt%;M = Cu,Al,Zr) magnets with different Co contents were diffused with Tb by grain boundary diffusion(GBD).After GBD,high-Co magnets exhibit more continuously distributed thin-layer GBs,and their thermal stability is significantly *** high-Co magnets(x=6 wt%),the absolute value of the temperature coefficient of coercivity decreases from 0.603%/K to0.508%/K in the temperature range of 293-413 K,that of remanence decreases from 0.099%/K to 0.091%/K,and the coercivity increases from 18.44 to 25.04 *** electron microscopy(TEM)characterization reveals that there are both the 1:2 phase and the amorphous phase in the high-Co magnet before and after GBD,EDS elemental analysis shows that Tb element is more likely to preferentially replace the rare earth elements in the 2:14:1 main phase than in the 1:2 phase and the amorphous *** concentration of Tb at the edge of the main phase is much higher than that in the 1:2phase and amorphous phase,which is beneficial to the improvement of the *** preferential replacement of Tb elements at the edge of the 2:14:1 phase and thin-layer GBs with a more continuous distribution are synergistically responsible for improving the thermal stability of high-Co *** study indicates that GBD is an effective method to improve the microstructure and thermal stability of high-Co magnets.

关键词： Nd-Fe-B magnets Coercivity Grain boundary diffusion Thermal stability Micro structure Rare earths

Combinations of electron and proton donors in transition-metal complex mediated nitrogen reduction reactions

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第7期67卷 2136-2154页

作者： Delong Han Li Yang Hao Huang Priyanka Chakraborty Shashikant U.Dighe Kuo-Wei Huang KAUST Catalysis Center and division of Physical Science and engineering King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal 23955Saudi Arabia Agency for Science Technologyand ResearchInstitute of Materials Research and Engineering and Institute of Sustainability for ChemicalsEnergy and EnvironmentSingapore 138634Singapore

Nitrogen fixation is a complex process involving the transfer of six electrons and *** from the conventional Haber-Bosch process,which relies on hydrogen(H_(2))to provide both electrons and protons to reduce nitrogen(N_(2)),homogeneous transition metal complex-catalyzed N_(2)reduction reactions(NRR)employ an array of electron and proton donors or even electron donors combined with *** the synthesis of diverse catalytic progress,the categories of donors have seen rapid ***,existing literature only provides summaries regarding the metal,ligands,and *** the significance of electron and proton donor combinations in nitrogen reduction reactions,no literature has thoroughly reviewed this ***,we hereby compiled a comprehensive list of commonly used reagents in N_(2)reduction and classified them according to their specific donor *** review presents clear and organized information about these combinations,along with a summary of their general performance trend in NRR with related ***,we conclude the discussion by highlighting key points for researchers to consider when selecting catalysts and donor combinations,with the ultimate goal of advancing the field of nitrogen fixation.

关键词： dinitrogen reduction reaction reducing donor combination transition metal complexes homogeneous catalysis

Hyperbolic Tangent Function-Based Protocols for Global/Semi-Global Finite-Time Consensus of Multi-Agent Systems

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第6期11卷 1381-1397页

作者： Zongyu Zuo Jingchuan Tang Ruiqi Ke Qing-Long Han Seventh research division Beihang University(BUAA)Beijing 100191China School of Science Computing and Engineering TechnologiesSwinburne University of TechnologyMelbourne VIC 3122Australia IEEE

This paper investigates the problem of global/semi-global finite-time consensus for integrator-type multi-agent *** hyperbolic tangent function-based protocols are pro-posed to achieve global and semi-global finite-time consensus for both single-integrator and double-integrator multi-agent systems with leaderless undirected and leader-following directed commu-nication *** new protocols not only provide an explicit upper-bound estimate for the settling time,but also have a user-prescribed bounded control *** addition,compared to some existing results based on the saturation function,the pro-posed approach considerably simplifies the protocol design and the stability *** examples and an application demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed protocols.

关键词： Consensus protocol finite-time consensus hyper-bolic tangent function multi-agent systems.