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Journal of Earth Science 2016年第6期27卷 1045-1053页

作者： Robert Tenzer Mohammad Bagherbandi School of Geodesy and Geomatics Wuhan University division of Geodesy and geoinformatics Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Department of Industrial Development IT and Land ManagementUniversity of G?vle

The results of global and regional studies often show significant disagreement between the Moho depths determined using seismic and isostatic models. In this study, we estimate the differences between these two models in central Eurasia. The Vening Meinesz-Moritz （VMM） inverse problem of isostasy is utilized to determine the isostatic Moho depths. The estimated VMM Moho depths are then corrected for the sediment density contrast. The application of this correction improves the agreement between the isostatic and seismic Moho models. The existing discrepancies between the isostatic and seismic models are finally modeled by applying the non-isostatic correction, which accounts for the unmodelled mantle density heterogeneities and other geodynamic processes, which are not taken into account in classical isostatic models. Our results reveal that the non-isostatic correction still cannot fully describe mechanisms affecting the Moho geometry along the convergent continent-tocontinent tectonic plate boundaries occurring beneath Himalayas despite an overall good performance of the applied method.

关键词： crust gravity Himalaya isostasy Moho interface Tibetan Plateau.

Evaluating urban development and socio-economic disparity in India through nighttime light data

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2024年第12期34卷 2440-2456页

作者： YU Jingtong LIU Lingcen BAN Yifang ZHANG Qian College of Land Science and Technology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China division of geoinformatics KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholm 10044Sweden

Balanced development and the reduction of inequality are central objectives of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs).This study explores the use of Nighttime Light(NTL)brightness and the Nighttime Light Development Index(NLDI)as indicators of socioeconomic development in urban centers,focusing on six Indian *** examines the correlation between these indices and socioeconomic inequality across affluent neighborhoods,urban slums,downtown areas,and general urban areas in 2015,2018,and *** results reveal that lighting brightness in affluent areas can be lower than that in bustling downtowns,due to factors such as lower residential *** challenges the conventional assumption that higher NTL necessarily indicates greater *** study further confirmed significant developmental disparities between well-lit downtowns and poorly illuminated peripheral slum areas,as reflected by lower NLDI ***,the results uncover a phenomenon termed“same value but different spectrum”based on a careful examination of NLDI values of urban centers and their corresponding *** suggests that NLDI alone may not fully capture the complexity of urban development,and that underlying development trajectories,along with on-the-ground realities,must be further *** findings emphasize the importance of applying NLDI for urban internal *** addition,the study highlights the necessity for nuanced urban planning and targeted policy interventions specifically tailored to the unique conditions of different urban areas.

关键词： socio-economic inequality Nighttime Light Development Index(NLDI) regional disparity Indian cities

Combining PlanetScope and Sentinel-2 images with environmental data for improved wheat yield estimation

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2023年第1期16卷 847-867页

作者： Nizom Farmonov Khilola Amankulova József Szatmári Jamol Urinov Zafar Narmanov Jakhongir Nosirov LászlóMucsi Department of geoinformatics Physical and Environmental GeographyUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers National Research UniversityTashkentUzbekistan Department of Land resources Cadastre and GeoinformaticsKarshi Institute of Irrigation and Agrotechnology“TIIAME”National Research UniversityKarshiUzbekistan Soil Science Department of the Kashkadarya Region regional division of the Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemical Research KarshiUzbekistan

Satellite images are widely used for crop yield estimation,but their coarse spatial resolution means that they often fail to provide detailed information at thefield ***,a new generation of high-resolution satellites and CubeSat platforms has been *** this study,satellite data sources including PlanetScope and Sentinel-2 were combined with topographic and climatic variables,and the improvement in wheat yield estimation was *** yield data from a combine harvester were used to train and validate a yield estimation model based on random forest *** vegetation indices(NDVI,GNDVI,MSAVI2,MTVI2,MTCI,reNDVI,SAVI,EVI and WDVI)and spectral bands were *** the model training,the Sentinel-2 data realized a slightly higher estimation accuracy than the PlanetScope ***,combining environmental data with the PlanetScope data realized the highest estimation *** the validated models,adding the topographic and climatic datasets to the satellite data sources improved the estimation accuracy,and the results were slightly better with the Sentinel-2 data than with the PlanetScope *** data of the milk and dough stages provided the highest estimation accuracy of the wheat yield at 210–225 days after sowing.

关键词： Remote sensing BBCH-scale MSAVI2 PlanetScope random forest

Current global trends in the incidence of pediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第25期24卷 2741-2763页

作者： Josef Sykora Renta Pomahacov Marcela Kreslová Dominika Cvalínová Premysl Stych Jan Schwarz division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of PaediatricsCharles University in PragueFaculty of Medicine in PilsenFaculty HospitalPilsen 304 60Czech Republic Department of Applied geoinformatics and Cartography Charles University in PragueFaculty of SciencePrague 128 43Czech Republic

AIM To perform a comprehensive review and provide an up-to-date synopsis of the incidence and trends of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD). METHODS We systematically searched the MEDLINE(source Pub Med), EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines(period: 1985-2018) to identify studies reporting population-based data on the incidence of pediatriconset(< 19 years at diagnosis) IBD in full manuscripts. Two authors carried out screening and data extraction. Choropleth interactive maps and temporal trends were used to illustrate the international differences and incidences of and changes in IBD and *** In total, one hundred forty studies reporting data from 38 countries were considered in this review. The highest annual pediatric incidences of IBD were 23/100000 person-years in Europe, 15.2/100000 in North America, and 11.4/100000 in Asia/the Middle East and Oceania. The highest annual incidences of Crohn's disease(CD) were 13.9/100000 in North America and 12.3/100000 in Europe. The highest annual incidences of ulcerative colitis(UC) were 15.0/100000 in Europe and 10.6/100000 in North America. The highest annual incidences of IBD-unclassified(IBD-U) were 3.6/100000 in Europe and 2.1/100000 in North America. In the time-trend analyses, 67% of CD, 46% of UC and 11% of IBD-U studies reported an increasing incidence(P < 0.05). The risk of IBD is increasing among firstgeneration of migrant *** Globally, the incidence of IBD varies greatly by geographical areas. The steadily increasing incidence of pediatric IBD over time indicates its emergence as a global disease, suggesting that studies should investigate the environmental risk factors among pediatric cohorts.

关键词： Children Incidence Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn's disease Ulcerative colitis Inflammatory bowel disease-unclassified

Reformulation of the Vening-Meinesz Moritz Inverse Problem of Isostasy for Isostatic Gravity Disturbances

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International Journal of Geosciences 2012年第5期3卷 918-929页

作者： Robert Tenzer Mohammad Bagherbandi division of Geodesy and geoinformatics Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Stockholm Sweden National School of Surveying University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand

The isostatic gravity anomalies have been traditionally used to solve the inverse problems of isostasy. Since gravity measurements are nowadays carried out together with GPS positioning, the utilization of gravity disturbances in various regional gravimetric applications becomes possible. In global studies, the gravity disturbances can be computed using global geopotential models which are currently available to a relatively high accuracy and resolution. In this study we facilitate the definition of the isostatic gravity disturbances in the Vening-Meinesz Moritz inverse problem of isostasy for finding the Moho depths. We further utilize uniform mathematical formalism in the gravimetric forward modelling based on methods for a spherical harmonic analysis and synthesis of gravity field. We then apply both mathematical procedures to determine globally the Moho depths using the isostatic gravity disturbances. The results of gravimetric inversion are finally compared with the global crustal seismic model CRUST2.0;the RMS fit of the gravimetric Moho model with CRUST2.0 is 5.3 km. This is considerably better than the RMS fit of 7.0 km obtained after using the isostatic gravity anomalies.

关键词： Crust Gravity Isostasy Moho Interface Spherical Harmonics

Investigation of tuberculosis clusters in Dehradun city of India

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第6期3卷 486-490页

作者： Neeraj Tiwari Vineeta Kandpal Ajoy Tewari K.Ram Mohan Rao Tolia VS Department of Statistics Kumaun UniversitySSJ CampusAlmora-263601India Department of Anatomy ERA's Medical CollegeLucknow-226001India Jai Clinic & Diabetes Care Centre Lucknow-226001India geoinformatics division Indian Institute of Remote SensingDehradun-248001India District Tuberculosis Officer Dehradun 248001India

Objective:To investigate the presence of statistically significant geographical clusters of tuberculosis(TB) using Geographical Information System and spatial scan statistics in Dehradun, ***:The spatial scan statistic implemented with a software program,SaTScan v6.1, was used to test the presence of statistically significant spatial clusters of TB and to identify their approximate locations(P<0.05 for primary clusters and P<0.1 for secondary clusters). Geographical Information System was used for geographical ***:Significant high rate spatial clusters were identified in seven wards of the Dehradun Municipal area. Conclusions:There is sufficient evidence about the existence of statistically significant TB clusters in seven wards of Dehradun,*** purely spatial scan statistics methodology used in this study has a potential use in surveillance of TB for detecting the true clusters of the disease.

关键词： Geographical Information System Mycobacterium tuberculosis Spatial scan statistics TB/HIV

Geomorphometric relief classification with the κ-median method in the Silesian Upland,southern Poland

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2020年第1期14卷 152-170页

作者： Bartlomiej SZYPULA Malgorzata WIECZOREK Institute of Earth Sciences Faculty of Natural SciencesUniversity of Silesia in KatowiceSosnowiec 41-200Poland Department of geoinformatics and Cartography Faculty of Earth Sciences and Environment ManagementUniversity of WroclawWroclaw 50-137Poland

The aim of this study is geomorphometric relief classification of a temperate latitude upland area in Central *** Silesian Upland represents diversified structural relief which contains a fan-shaped configuration of long thresholds and wide erosion depressions.A 20 m × 20 m digital elevation model(DEM)provided input data for the *** κ-median method was applied to examine morphometric variables of the *** aim of these activities was to identify clusters with objects of similar mathematical *** clusters were the basis of landform *** numbers of clusters 4 transparently show hypsometric *** elements of the morphology of the area were clearly *** division into 6 clusters gives the best results-a detailed but clear image of the morphological diversity by distinguishing characteristic landform *** results for 8 clusters show significant background noise and are ambiguous,which makes them diflBcult to *** research has confirmed that the κ-median method is a useful tool for landform *** determined optimal parameters of this method(filtering window size,DEM resolution,number of clusters,aspect influence).

关键词： κ-median method relief classifications digital elevation model(DEM) geomorphometry Silesian Upland

Flood Resilient Cities: A Syntactic and Metric Novel on Measuring the Resilience of Cities against Flooding, Gothenburg, Sweden

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2017年第5期9卷 505-534页

作者： Ehsan Abshirini Daniel Koch Ann Legeby division of geoinformatics Department of Urban Planning and Environment School of Architecture and Built Environment KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden School of Architecture KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden

Flooding is one of the most destructive natural disasters which have rapidly been growing in frequency and intensity all over the world. In this view, assessment of the resilience of the city against such disturbances is of high necessity in order to significantly mitigate the disaster effects of flooding on the city structures and the human lives. The aim of this paper is to develop a method to assess the resilience of a river city (the city of Gothenburg in Sweden), which is prone to flood Hazard, against such disturbances. By simulating flood inundation with different return periods, in the first step, the areas of impact are determined. To assess the resilience, two different methods are followed. One is a syntactic method grounded in the foreground network in space syntax theory and the other is based on measuring accessibility to the essential amenities in the city. In the first method, similarity and sameness parameters are defined to quantitatively measure the syntactic resilience in the city. In the next step, accessibility to amenities and the minimum distance to amenities before and after each disturbance is measured. The results, in general, show that such disturbances affect the city structure and the resilience of the city differently. For instance, the city is more resilient after flooding according to accessibility measures. This clearly means that the answer to the question of resilience is mainly dependent on “resilience of what and for what.”

关键词： Flooding Resilience GIS Space Syntax Accessibility

Evaluation of deep learning algorithms for national scale landslide susceptibility mapping of Iran

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第2期12卷 505-519页

作者： Phuong Thao Thi Ngo Mahdi Panahi Khabat Khosravi Omid Ghorbanzadeh Narges Kariminejad Artemi Cerda Saro Lee Institute of Research and Development Duy Tan UniversityDa Nang550000Viet Nam division of Science Education Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon-siGangwon-do24341Republic of Korea Geoscience Platform division Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources(KIGAM)124Gwahak-ro Yuseong-guDaejeon34132Republic of Korea Department of Watershed Management Engineering Sari Agricultural Science and Natural Resources UniversitySariIran Department of geoinformatics–Z_GIS University of SalzburgSalzburg5020Austria Department of Watershed and Arid Zone Management Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural ResourcesGorgan49189-434Iran Soil Erosion and Desertification Research Group Department of GeographyUniversity of ValenciaValenciaSpain Department of Geophysical Exploration Korea University of Science and Technology217 Gajeong-ro Yuseong-guDaejeon34113Republic of Korea

The identification of landslide-prone areas is an essential step in landslide hazard assessment and mitigation of landslide-related *** this study,we applied two novel deep learning algorithms,the recurrent neural network(RNN)and convolutional neural network(CNN),for national-scale landslide susceptibility mapping of *** prepared a dataset comprising 4069 historical landslide locations and 11 conditioning factors(altitude,slope degree,profile curvature,distance to river,aspect,plan curvature,distance to road,distance to fault,rainfall,geology and land-sue)to construct a geospatial database and divided the data into the training and the testing *** then developed RNN and CNN algorithms to generate landslide susceptibility maps of Iran using the training *** calculated the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve and used the area under the curve(AUC)for the quantitative evaluation of the landslide susceptibility maps using the testing *** performance in both the training and testing phases was provided by the RNN algorithm(AUC=0.88)than by the CNN algorithm(AUC=0.85).Finally,we calculated areas of susceptibility for each province and found that 6%and 14%of the land area of Iran is very highly and highly susceptible to future landslide events,respectively,with the highest susceptibility in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province(33.8%).About 31%of cities of Iran are located in areas with high and very high landslide *** results of the present study will be useful for the development of landslide hazard mitigation strategies.

关键词： CNN RNN Deep learning Landslide Iran

Shared-role of vegetation types,elevation and soil affecting plant diversity in an old-tropical mountain hotspot

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第7期20卷 1842-1853页

作者： Priscilla P.LOIOLA Leonor Patrícia Cerdeira MORELLATO Maria Gabriela Gutierrez CAMARGO Vitor A.KAMIMURA Jacqueline S.MATTOS Annia Susin STREHER Soizig LE STRADIC Department of Biodiversity Laboratory of PhenologySão Paulo State University(UNESP)Av 24A 151513506-900Rio ClaroSão PauloBrazil Instituto Tecnológico Vale(ITV) R.Boaventura da Silva955BelémPará66055-090Brazil Laboratory of Evolutionary Ecology and Plant Genomics Department of Plant BiologyInstitute of BiologyUniversity of CampinasBrazil Earth Observation and geoinformatics division National Institute for Space Research(INPE)São Josédos CamposBrazil French National Institute for Agriculture Foodand Environment(INRAE)UMR 1202 INRAE/Univ Bordeaux-BIOGECOParisFrance

Despite the exceptional species richness and endemism,the environmental drivers of plant diversity along old tropical mountains remain *** respective importance of vegetation types,elevation,slope,and soil to drive diversity across life-forms is poorly ***,we tested whether environmental variables drove local and regional plant diversity along an old tropical mountain according to the three main life-forms:graminoids,herbaceous and woody *** sampled all Angiosperm species on 180 plots across five elevations,at the tropical old-mountain region of Serra do Cipó,South-eastern *** assessed soil,slope,and vegetation types,and calculated richness and beta-diversity,applying generalized least square models,linear mixed-models and partial Mantel tests to test for *** of graminoids and herbaceous species increased with greater elevation and more nutrient-impoverished soils,while woody richness showed the inverse ***-diversity was primarily driven by species turnover,correlated with elevation and soil and higher in less dominant vegetation types,with unique *** the limited elevational range in these old mountains,it still played an important role in filtering woody species,while fostering graminoid and herbaceous *** and restoration actions need to foster the high regional diversity supported by the old mountain heterogeneous landscape and the diversity of life-forms,especially the dominant and highly diverse grassy component.

关键词： Beta-diversity Campos rupestres Cerrado Grassland Herbaceous Species turnover