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The interaction between KIF21A and KANK1 regulates dendritic morphology and synapse plasticity in neurons

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 209-223页

作者： Shi-Yan Sun Lingyun Nie Jing Zhang Xue Fang Hongmei Luo Chuanhai Fu Zhiyi Wei Ai-Hui Tang Hefei National Research Center for Physical sciences at the Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and DiseaseMinistry of Education Key Laboratory for Membrane-less Organelles and Cellular DynamicsDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science CenterHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell sciences Division of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina Department of Neurobiology School of Life SciencesSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina Brain Research Center Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina

Morphological alterations in dendritic spines have been linked to changes in functional communication between neurons that affect learning and ***-4 KIF21A helps organize the microtubule-actin network at the cell cortex by interacting with KANK1;however,whether KIF21A modulates dendritic structure and function in neurons remains *** this study,we found that KIF21A was distributed in a subset of dendritic spines,and that these KIF21A-positive spines were larger and more structurally plastic than KIF21A-negative ***,the interaction between KIF21A and KANK1 was found to be critical for dendritic spine morphogenesis and synaptic *** of either KIF21A or KANK1 inhibited dendritic spine morphogenesis and dendritic branching,and these deficits were fully rescued by coexpressing full-length KIF21A or KANK1,but not by proteins with mutations disrupting direct binding between KIF21A and KANK1 or binding between KANK1 and *** down KIF21A in the hippocampus of rats inhibited the amplitudes of long-term potentiation induced by high-frequency stimulation and negatively impacted the animals’cognitive *** together,our findings demonstrate the function of KIF21A in modulating spine morphology and provide insight into its role in synaptic function.

关键词： actin cytoskeleton dendrite KANK1 KIF21A microtubule spine morphology spine synaptic plasticity talin1

A novel solution treatment and aging for powder bed fusion-laser beam Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo alloy:Microstructural and mechanical characterization

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 414-424页

作者： Gianluca Pirro Alessandra Martucci Alessandro Morri Mariangela Lombardi Lorella Ceschini Department of Industrial Engineering(DIN) Alma Mater Studiorum-University of BolognaBologna 40136Italy Department of applied science and Technology(DISAT) Politecnico di TorinoTorino TO 10129Italy

Ti-6Al-4Zr-2Sn-6Mo alloy is one of the most recent titanium alloys processed using powder bed fusion-laser beam(PBF-LB)*** alloy has the potential to replace Ti-6Al-4V in automotive and aerospace applications,given its superior mechanical properties,which are approximately 10%higher in terms of ultimate tensile strength(UTS)and yield strength after appropriate heat *** as-built conditions,the alloy is characterized by the presence of soft orthorhombicα″martensite,necessitating a postprocessing heat treatment to decompose this phase and enhance the mechanical properties of the ***,PBFed Ti6246 components undergo an annealing process that transforms theα″martensite into anα-βlamellar *** primary objective of this research was to develop a solution treatment and aging(STA)heat treatment tailored to the unique microstructure produced by the additive manufacturing process to achieve an ultrafine bilamellar microstructure reinforced by precipitation *** study investigated the effects of various solution temperatures in theα-βfield(ranging from 800 to 875℃),cooling media(air and water),and aging time to determine the optimal heat treatment parameters for achieving the desired bilamellar *** each heat treatment condition,differentα-βmicrostructures were found,varying in terms of theα/βratio and the size of the primaryα-phase *** attention was given to how these factors were influenced by increases in solution temperature and how microhardness correlated with the percentage of the metastableβphase present after *** tests were performed on samples subjected to the most promising heat treatment parameters.A comparison with literature data revealed that the optimized STA treatment enhanced hardness and UTS by13%and 23%,respectively,compared with those of the annealed *** surface analyses were conducted to investigate fracture mechanisms.

关键词： powder bed fusion-laser beam titanium alloys heat treatments mechanical properties fractographic analysis

Inhibiting SHP2 reduces glycolysis, promotes microglial M1 polarization, and alleviates secondary inflammation following spinal cord injury in a mouse model

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 858-872页

作者： Xintian Ding Chun Chen Heng Zhao Bin Dai Lei Ye Tao Song Shuai Huang Jia Wang Tao You Department of Orthopedics The First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina Department of Orthopedics Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina

Reducing the secondary inflammatory response, which is partly mediated by microglia, is a key focus in the treatment of spinal cord injury. Src homology 2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2(SHP2), encoded by PTPN11, is widely expressed in the human body and plays a role in inflammation through various mechanisms. Therefore, SHP2 is considered a potential target for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases. However, its role in secondary inflammation after spinal cord injury remains unclear. In this study, SHP2 was found to be abundantly expressed in microglia at the site of spinal cord injury. Inhibition of SHP2 expression using siRNA and SHP2 inhibitors attenuated the microglial inflammatory response in an in vitro lipopolysaccharide-induced model of inflammation. Notably, after treatment with SHP2 inhibitors, mice with spinal cord injury exhibited significantly improved hind limb locomotor function and reduced residual urine volume in the bladder. Subsequent in vitro experiments showed that, in microglia stimulated with lipopolysaccharide, inhibiting SHP2 expression promoted M2 polarization and inhibited M1 polarization. Finally, a co-culture experiment was conducted to assess the effect of microglia treated with SHP2 inhibitors on neuronal cells. The results demonstrated that inflammatory factors produced by microglia promoted neuronal apoptosis, while inhibiting SHP2 expression mitigated these effects. Collectively, our findings suggest that SHP2 enhances secondary inflammation and neuronal damage subsequent to spinal cord injury by modulating microglial phenotype. Therefore, inhibiting SHP2 alleviates the inflammatory response in mice with spinal cord injury and promotes functional recovery postinjury.

关键词： apoptosis glycolysis inflammatory response microglia neurons polarization spinal cord injury Src homology 2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2

Transport mechanism in chemically reactive hybrid nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic micro-organisms over a curved oscillatory surface

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applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 177-192页

作者： M.NAVEED M.IMRAN T.ASGHAR Z.ABBAS Department of Mathematics Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Education Department of Mathematics The Islamia University of Bahawalpur

This paper examines the transport analysis, including both heat transfer and mass transfer, in hybrid nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic microorganisms towards a curved oscillatory surface. The influence of magnetic fields is also inspected in terms of their physical characteristics. To depict the phenomena of transport, modified versions of both Fick's and Fourier's laws are used. Additionally, the characteristics of both heterogeneous and homogeneous chemical reactions are also incorporated. Utilizing a curvilinear coordinate system, the flow problem is formulated as partial differential equations(PDEs)for momentum, concentration, microorganism field, and energy. An analytical solution to the obtained flow equations is achieved utilizing the homotopy analysis method(HAM).The effects of significant flow parameters on the pressure and microorganism fields, velocity, oscillation velocity, concentration, and temperature distributions are shown via graphs. Furthermore, the variations in skin friction, mass transfer rate, heat transfer rate, and local motile number due to different involved parameters are presented in tables and are analyzed in detail. Graphical results indicate that the curves of velocity and temperature fields are enhanced as the values of the solid volume fraction variables *** is also verified that the concentration rate field decreases as the values of the homogeneous reaction strength parameter and the radius of curvature parameter increase, and it increases with the Schmidt number and the heterogeneous reaction strength *** outcomes show a favorable response of the motile number to advanced values of the Peclet number, the Schmidt number, the microorganism difference parameter, and the bio-convective Lewis number.

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Mechanistic insight into the synergy between nickel single atoms and nanoparticles on N-doped carbon for electroreduction of CO2

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 327-336页

作者： Mingdong Sun Wenwen Guan Cailing Chen Chao Wu Xiaoling Liu Biao Meng Tao Chen Yu Han Jun Wang Shibo Xi Yu Zhou State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Tech University Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center Physical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals Energy and Environment A*STAR (Agency for Science Technology and Research) College of Materials science and Engineering Sichuan University

The synergy of single atoms （SAs） and nanoparticles （NPs） has demonstrated great potential in promoting the electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction （CO2RR）;however,the rationalization of the SAs/NPs proportion remains one challenge for the catalyst ***,a Ni2+-loaded porous poly（ionic liquids）(PIL) precursor synthesized through the free radical self-polymerization of the ionic liquid monomer,1-allyl-3-vinylimidazolium chloride,was pyrolyzed to prepare the Ni,N co-doped carbon materials,in which the proportion of Ni SAs and NPs could be facilely modulated by controlling the annealing *** catalyst Ni-NC-1000 with a moderate proportion of Ni SAs and NPs exhibited high efficiency in the electrocatalytic conversion of CO2into *** Ni K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure （XANES） spectra and theoretical calculations were conducted to gain insight into the synergy of Ni SAs and *** charge transfer from Ni NPs to the surrounding carbon layer and then to the Ni SAs resulted in the electron-enriched Ni SAs active *** the electroreduction of CO2,the coexistence of Ni SAs and NPs strengthened the CO2activation and the affinity towards the key intermediate of*COOH,lowering the free energy for the potential-determining*CO2→*COOH step,and therefore promoted the catalysis efficiency.

关键词： Single atom catalyst Synergy effect Carbon catalyst Electrocatalysis

Efficient and simple synthesis of B_(2)O_(3)-Al_(2)O_(3)nanocomposites assisted by deep eutectic solvent for production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from glucose

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Nano Research 2025年第1期18卷 236-248页

作者： Yuchen Wang Kai Rong Shanlei Chang Youxing Fang Shaojun Dong State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China School of applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China College of Chemistry Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China

The catalytic conversion of glucose to high valueadded platform chemical 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF)is a promising biorefinery process,and alumina-boria catalysts are considered to be green and mild solid acid catalysts for this catalytic ***,compared to the common synthesis methods with complicated steps,we reported a simple and efficient strategy to prepare B_(2)O_(3)-Al_(2)O_(3)nanocomposites by calcining cost-effective glucose-urea deep eutectic solvent(DES)solution containing the *** prepared B_(2)O_(3)-Al_(2)O_(3)nanocomposites exhibited an open three-dimensional skeleton and two-dimensional porous lamellar substructure,endowing them with a high specific surface area(228.27 m2/g).The introduction of boron changed the ratios of different aluminum species(AlⅣ,AlⅤ,and AlⅥ)and borate species(BO3 and BO4),thus further affecting the acidity and the types of acid sites of the *** prepared B_(2)O_(3)-Al_(2)O_(3)bifunctional acid catalysts possessing abundant Lewis acid sites and adjustable Brønsted acid sites showed complete glucose conversion and 55.38%of HMF yield under the optimum *** study proposed a concise method to synthesize alumina-boria solid acid catalysts assisted by glucose-urea *** hope to extend the application and prospect of this efficient and simple synthesis strategy.

关键词： 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF) deep eutectic solvent glucose alumina-boria acid catalyst

Endogenous/exogenous dual stimulation“ROS engineering”amplification combined with autophagy-augmented for efficient ferroptosis therapy

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Nano Research 2025年第1期18卷 597-606页

作者： Pengye Du Pengpeng Lei Yuan Liang Ran An Yi Wei Shuyu Liu Jianhao Zheng Hongjie Zhang State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China School of applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Chemistry Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

“Reactive oxygen species(ROS)engineering”is one of the most promising anti-tumor treatments developed in recent *** explosion of ROS will cause oxidative stress,thereby inducing tumor cell ***,ROS accumulation in tumor cells is eliminated by endogenous cellular self-regulation *** this work,a kind of endogenous/exogenous dual stimulation nanoagent noted as UMZC is *** reaction occurs between NH_(2)-MIL-88B(Fe)contained in UMZC and the overexpression of endogenous H_(2)O_(2)to generate ROS,amplified by endogenous H_(2)S of colon tumor *** addition,NH_(2)-MIL-88B(Fe)also functions to deplete glutathione(GSH)for stopping it from consuming *** nanoparticles at the core of UMZC convert near-infrared into visible light,which excites zinc phthalocyanine to initiate the photochemical reaction that generates more ROS,thus alleviating the lack of tissue penetration depth for visible *** agonist chitosan oligosaccharides induce enhancement of cellular autophagy for disrupting cellular metabolic stress and the resistance to oxidative stress of tumor cells,allowing“ROS engineering”to fully exert anti-tumor *** of ROS generation,GSH depletion,and induced cellular autophagy caused by nanoagents have promoting effects on the occurrence of ***,the nanoagents show the ability to effectively treat colon tumors.

关键词： reactive oxygen species(ROS)engineering upconversion nanoparticles cellular autophagy ferroptosis tumor therapy

Bandgap characteristics analysis and graded design of a novel metamaterial for flexural wave suppression

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applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 1-24页

作者： Fan YANG Zhaoyang MA Xingming GUO Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics School of Mechanics and Engineering ScienceShanghai University Shanghai Institute of Aircraft Mechanics and Control

A novel elastic metamaterial is proposed with the aim of achieving lowfrequency broad bandgaps and bandgap regulation. The band structure of the proposed metamaterial is calculated based on the Floquet-Bloch theorem, and the boundary modes of each bandgap are analyzed to understand the effects of each component of the unit cell on the bandgap formation. It is found that the metamaterials with a low elastic modulus of ligaments can generate flexural wave bandgaps below 300 Hz. Multi-frequency vibrations can be suppressed through the selective manipulation of bandgaps. The dual-graded design of metamaterials that can significantly improve the bandgap width is proposed based on parametric studies. A new way that can regulate the bandgap is revealed by studying the graded elastic modulus in the substrate. The results demonstrate that the nonlinear gradient of the elastic modulus in the substrate offers better bandgap performance. Based on these analyses, the proposed elastic metamaterials can pave the way for multi-frequency vibration control, low-frequency bandgap broadening, and bandgap tuning.

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Role of metabolic dysfunction and inflammation along the liver-brain axis in animal models with obesity-induced neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1069-1076页

作者： Evridiki Asimakidou Eka Norfaishanty Saipuljumri Chih Hung Lo Jialiu Zeng Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of CambridgeCambridgeUK School of applied science Republic PolytechnicSingaporeSingapore Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore

The interaction between metabolic dysfunction and inflammation is central to the development of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s ***-related conditions like type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease exacerbate this *** lipid accumulation,particularly in the liver,initiates a cascade of inflammatory processes that extend to the brain,influencing critical metabolic regulatory *** and palmitate,key lipid components,along with lipid transporters lipocalin-2 and apolipoprotein E,contribute to neuroinflammation by disrupting blood–brain barrier integrity and promoting *** insulin resistance further exacerbates brain insulin resistance and *** interventions targeting peripheral lipid metabolism and insulin signaling pathways have shown promise in reducing neuroinflammation in animal ***,translating these findings to clinical practice requires further investigation into human *** conclusion,metabolic dysfunction,peripheral inflammation,and insulin resistance are integral to neuroinflammation and *** these complex mechanisms holds potential for identifying novel therapeutic targets and improving outcomes for neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease inflammatory cytokines insulin resistance lipid