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A Comparative Analysis of Vetiver and Typha in Ecological Wastewater Treatment Using a Horizontal Flow Constructed Wetlands in Rural Setting

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2024年第1期13卷 67-82页

作者： Falilou Coundoul Abdou Khafor Ndiaye Abdoulaye Deme Antonina Torrens Armegnol Polytechnic Institute of Saint-Louis (IPSL) Gaston Berger University Saint-Louis Senegal UFR of Applied Sciences and Technology Gaston Berger University Saint-Louis Senegal Department of Biology Healthcare and Environment Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain

This study presents an assessment of wastewater ecological treatment processes utilizing a horizontal flow bio-reactor at the Ndiebene Gandiol 1 school. It primarily aims to juxtapose the filtration efficacy of two distinct vegetative cells, Vetiver and Typha, in the pursuit of sustainable wastewater management strategies for rural scholastic institutions. A synergistic approach was employed, integrating on-site surveys for site-specific insights and laboratory analyses to quantify the pollutant loads pre- and post-treatment. Our findings indicate that both Vetiver and Typha-infused filter beds significantly reduce most contaminants, with particular success in diminishing chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD5). Vetiver was notable for its superior reduction of COD, achieving an average effluent concentration of 74 mg/L, in contrast to Typha’s 155 mg/L. Conversely, Typha excelled in suspended solids removal, registering 1 mg/L against Vetiver’s 3 mg/L. While both systems notably surpassed the target metrics across several indicators, including fecal coliform reduction, our results pinpoint the need for refinement in phosphate remediation. Conclusively, the study underscores the efficacy of both Vetiver and Typha systems in rural wastewater treatment contexts, with their integrative application potentially paving the way for enhanced system robustness and efficiency. The outcomes herein highlight the imperative for continued research to further hone these ecological treatment modalities, especially concerning phosphate elimination.

关键词： Hydraulics Water Treatment Agricultural Irrigation Sanitation Engineering Environment

The efficacy of a novel tomato extracts formulation on skin aging and pigmentation:A randomized,double-blind,parallel-controlled trial

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Journal of dermatologic science and cosmetic technology

Journal of dermatologic science and cosmetic technology 2024年第1期1卷 13-20页

作者： Silu Zhang Shan Lu Yun Wang Jiayi Ni Guoxun Xiao Wonderlab Innovation Centre for healthcare Shenzhen Porshealth Bioengineering Co.Ltd.Shenzhen 518116China Department of Dermatology Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200125China Sprim(China)Consulting Co.Ltd. Shanghai 201201China

Background:Oxidative stress is a significant factor in skin aging and pigmentation,which can be precipitated by various *** and tyrosinase inhibitors,such as carotenoids,yeast extract(glutathione),sodium hyaluronate,astaxanthin,and niacin,can individually protect the skin against aging through distinct *** mechanisms potentially enhance the skin barrier and improve signs of aging and ***,the synergistic effects of these compounds,as found in a golden tomato extract formulation,have been scarcely ***:To evaluate the effects of an orally administered formulation on the skin aging and *** and Methods:In this study,a randomized,double-blind,parallel-controlled trial was conducted,utilizing the WONDERLAB?Tomato Niacinamide *** of all participants,62 volunteers completed the experiment and were included in the statistical ***:The results indicated that after eight weeks of consuming the research product,there were no significant changes in the skin indicators within the placebo *** contrast,the treatment group receiving the sample formulation exhibited a 35.63%increase in stratum corneum hydration and a 29.39%reduction in transepidermal water loss(TEWL),suggesting enhanced skin *** assessments revealed improvements in skin color and gloss index by 15.03%and 11.41%,respectively,in the treatment ***,the skin gloss and individual typology angle(ITA)value increased by 18.59%and 6.36%,respectively,leading to a lighter skin *** enhancements were also observed in skin pigmentation,color uniformity,and *** eight weeks of intervention with the sample,blood levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GPx)increased,while malondialdehyde(MDA)levels ***:These findings confirm that continuous intake of the tomato extract formulation over eight weeks effectively improved the volunteers'skin w

关键词： Skin whitening Skin aging Antioxidant Gold tomato extracts Combination effect

Regional differences in genetic susceptibility to nonalcoholic liver disease in two distinct Indian ethnicities

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第26期9卷 1101-1107页

作者： Govardhan Bale Avanthi Urmila Steffie Vishnubhotla Venkata Ravi Kanth Padaki Nagaraja Rao Mithun Sharma Mitnala Sasikala Duvvur Nageshwar Reddy Asian healthcare Foundation Asian Institute of Gastroenterology

AIM To validate the association of variants in PNPLA3(rs2281135) and TM6SF2(rs58542926) genes with ultrasound detected non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).METHODS A total of 503 individuals with and without fatty infiltration were recruited. Fatty infiltration was confirmed based on ultrasound findings. Anthropometric data and blood samples were collected from the study group. DNA was isolated from peripheral blood, quality and quantity was assessed by gel electrophoresis and spectrophotometer respectively. Genotyping of the variants in PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 genes was carried out by employing taqman probes(C_15875080_10 for PNPLA3 and C_8946351_10 for TM6SF2 SNP) on real time PCR(Stepone-Lifetechnologies). Genotype data was tested for deviations from Hardy-Weinbergequilibrium. χ~2 test was used to analyze the statistical significance of the difference in genotype distribution of the studied variants in patients and controls and the strength of association was expressed as odds ratio(95%CI). A two-tailed P value of ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The study group comprised of 503 individuals of which 256 had fatty infiltration and 247 without fatty infiltration and thus formed the patient and control groups respectively. As the patient group could be divided in to two distinct ethnicities(ancestral South Indians-ASI and North-East Indians-NEI), further recruitment of control cohort and association analyses was carried out based on ethnicities. Of the 256 with fatty infiltration 93 were ASI and 163 were NEI and of the 247 controls 138 were ASI and 109 were NEI. As expected, there were significant differences in the anthropometric and other clinical data between the control and the patient groups. However significant differences within the ethnicities were also noted. While rs2281135 in PNPLA3 gene was significantly associated(P = 0.03) with higher risk(odds 1.9, 95%CI: 1.5-3.14, P = 0.03) of NAFLD in NEI ethnicity, rs58542926 in TM6SF2 gene wa

关键词： Transmembrane 6 superfamily 2 Patatinlike phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 Fatty infiltration Genetic susceptibility Ethnicity Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Cirrhosis Single nucleotide polymorphism

Giant non-pulsatile polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第12期9卷 1849-1851页

作者： Elton Lik Tong Tay Augustinus Laude National healthcare Group Eye Institute Tan Tock Seng Hospital

Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy （PCV） was first described by Yannuzzi et al in the 1980s as a distinct choroidal abnormality. Clinically, PCV is seen as orange-red subretinal nodules frequently presenting with su... 详细信息

关键词： PCV ICGA Giant non-pulsatile polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy SRF Figure

Inflammasome links traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1644-1664页

作者： Gabriela Seplovich Yazan Bouchi Juan Pablo de Rivero Vaccari Jennifer C.Munoz Pareja Andrew Reisner Laura Blackwell Yehia Mechref Kevin K.Wang J.Adrian Tyndall Binu Tharakan Firas Kobeissy Department of Surgery Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurobiology Center for NeurotraumaMultiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Neuroscience InstituteMorehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurological Surgery and the Miami Project to Cure Paralysis University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Division of Pediatric Critical Care Department of PediatricsUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Department of Pediatrics Emory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurosurgery Children’s Healthcare of AtlantaAtlantaGAUSA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTXUSA Morehouse School of Medicine AtlantaGAUSA

Traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease are three distinct neurological disorders that share common pathophysiological mechanisms involving neuroinflammation. One sequela of neuroinflammation includes the pathologic hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, an endogenous microtubule-associated protein that protects the integrity of neuronal cytoskeletons. Tau hyperphosphorylation results in protein misfolding and subsequent accumulation of tau tangles forming neurotoxic aggregates. These misfolded proteins are characteristic of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease and can lead to downstream neuroinflammatory processes, including assembly and activation of the inflammasome complex. Inflammasomes refer to a family of multimeric protein units that, upon activation, release a cascade of signaling molecules resulting in caspase-induced cell death and inflammation mediated by the release of interleukin-1β cytokine. One specific inflammasome, the NOD-like receptor protein 3, has been proposed to be a key regulator of tau phosphorylation where it has been shown that prolonged NOD-like receptor protein 3 activation acts as a causal factor in pathological tau accumulation and spreading. This review begins by describing the epidemiology and pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease. Next, we highlight neuroinflammation as an overriding theme and discuss the role of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome in the formation of tau deposits and how such tauopathic entities spread throughout the brain. We then propose a novel framework linking traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease as inflammasomedependent pathologies that exist along a temporal continuum. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic targets that may intercept this pathway and ultimately minimize long-term neurological decline.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease caspase-1 chronic traumatic encephalopathy inflammasomes neurodegeneration neuroinflammation NLRP1 NLRP3 pyroptosis tauopathy traumatic brain injury

Carcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction in Chinese patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第48期18卷 7134-7140页

作者： Qin Huang Department of Pathology Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School

Carcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction(GEJ) is defined as carcinoma that crosses the GEJ line,irrespective of where the tumor epicenter is *** group of cancer is rare but *** on study results from the majority of epidemiologic and clinicopathologic investigations carried out in Western countries,this cancer is believed to arise from Barrett's esophagus(BE) and includes both distal esophageal and proximal gastric carcinomas because of similar characteristics in epidemiology,clinicopathology,and molecular pathobiology in relation to *** such,the most recent American Joint Committee on Cancer staging manual requires staging all GEJ carcinomas with the rule for esophageal adenocarcinoma(EA).This mandate has been challenged recently by the data from several studies carried out mainly in Chinese *** emerging evidence derivedfrom those studies suggests:(1) both BE and EA are uncommon in the Chinese population;(2) almost all GEJ cancers in Chinese arise in the proximal stomach and show the features of proximal gastric cancer,not those of EA;(3) application of the new cancer staging rule to GEJ cancer of Chinese patients cannot stratify patients' prognosis effectively;and(4) prognostic factors of GEJ cancer in Chinese are similar,but not identical,to those of *** conclusion,the recent evidence suggests that GEJ cancer in Chinese shows distinct clinicopathologic characteristics that are different from *** investigations in molecular pathology may help illustrate the underlying pathogenesis mechanisms of this cancer in Chinese patients and better manage patients with this fatal disease.

关键词： Esophagus Stomach Cancer Gastroesophageal junction Staging Barrett's esophagus

Development and Validation of Multiplex One-Step Real-Time TaqManqRT-PCR Assays for Detection and Quantification of Arboviral Encephalitis Viruses

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Advances in Microbiology 2018年第7期8卷 519-557页

作者： Donggen Zhou Jie Luo Ningbo International Travel healthcare Center Ningbo China

Arboviral encephalitis is a group of animal and human illness that is mostly caused by several distinct families of viruses including orthobunya virus, phlebovirus, flaviviruses, and the alphaviruses. Although specific signs and symptoms vary by the type of central nervous system (CNS), initial signs and symptoms are very similar. Therefore rapid immunologic and molecular tools for differential diagnosis of arboviral encephalitis viruses are important for effective case management and control of the spread of encephalitis. The qRT-PCR assay, especially multiplex PCR, has the potential to produce considerable savings in time and resources in the laboratory detection. Meanwhile, the use of IC can prevent false negatives effectively by monitoring the processes of nucleic acid extraction and amplification. This report describes the development of a panel of internally controlled multiplex one-step real-time RT-PCR assays in which two virus specific-probe sets were used in the same reaction for the detection of 15 species arboviral encephalitis viruses: the comparative sensitivity of multiplex one-step qRT-PCR assays to single plex one-step qRT-PCR assays as well as one-step RT-PCR assays for detection of each viral species. And total of 150 human serum samples were detected to evaluate the multiplex one-step qRT-PCR assays. These multiplex one-step real-time RT-PCR assays with IC were evaluated in terms of sensitivity, linearity, precision, specificity, and also field samples including serum and vector. These assays can detect and differentiate arboviral encephalitis viruses by high throughput, sensitive, and specific way. It is useful for clinical management and outbreak control of arboviral encephalitis viruses and vector surveillance.

关键词： Multiplex One-Step Real-Time TaqManqRT-PCR Assays Arboviral Encephalitis Viruses Internal Control

Less common neoplasms of the pancreas

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第20期12卷 3180-3185页

作者： Abby L Mulkeen Peter S Yoo Charles Cha Department of Surgery Yale University School of Medicine New HavenCT and the VACT Healthcare SystemWest HavenCT330 Cedar StreetLH 118PO Box 208062New HavenCT06520-8062United States

Recently, there has been an increased recognition of neoplasms of the pancreas other than ductal adenocarcinorna. Although not as well studied or characterized as pancreatic adenocarcinorna there are many distinct lesions which exhibit diverse biological behaviors and varying degrees of malignancy. These lesions include： endocrine neoplasms, cystic tumors, solid pseudopapillary tumors, acinar cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, primary lymphoma of the pancreas, and metastatic lesions to the pancreas. These less common neoplasms are being diagnosed more frequently as the number and sensitivity of diagnostic imaging studies increase. This review article discusses the clinical course, diagnosis, and treatment of these less common, but quite relevant, neoplasms of the pancreas.

关键词： Pancreas Neoplasms Ductal adenocarcinoma

Characterization of Islets from Chronic Calcific Pancreatitis Patients of Tropical Region with distinct Phenotype

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2016年第1期7卷 1-10页

作者： P. Pavan Kumar M. Sasikala K. Mamatha G. V. Rao R. Pradeep R. Talukdar D. Nageshwar Reddy Asian healthcare Foundation Hyderabad India Asian Institute of Gastroenterology Hyderabad India

Background and Objective: Islet autotransplantation is performed to preserve endocrine function in patients undergoing pancreatic resections for painful chronic pancreatitis. We characterized islets isolated from chronic pancreatitis patients (CP) of tropical region. Patients and Methods: Pancreatic tissues were obtained from CP patients with and without diabetes undergoing pancreatic resections (n = 35) and brain-dead multi organ donors (n = 6;considered as controls). Islets isolated were assessed for yield, purity, viability and in vitro islet function (Glucose stimulated insulin release, GSIR) as per standard protocols. Results: Islets from CP patients without diabetes were similar to controls in yield (control 4120 - 6100 IE/g, CP 3550 - 5660 IE/g), purity (control 78% ± 12%, CP 70% ± 8.2%) and viability (control 85% ± 8%, CP 81% ± 10%) and islets from CP patients with diabetes showed decreases in yield (3002 - 2300 IE/g), purity (61% ± 16%) and viability (62% ± 21%). Islets measuring 50 - 200 μ were similar in abundance in controls (94.74% ± 3.2%) and CP patients with and without diabetes, 86.31% ± 4.9%, 91.03% ± 3.8%. GSIR of islets from CP patients and controls were similar at 5.5 mM glucose (2.8 - 3.1 μU/ml). However, GSIR at 16.5 mM glucose was decreased in CP patients (control 18.5 ± 0.6, CP without diabetes 11.8 ± 0.3, CP with diabetes 4.3 ± 0.3 μU/ml). Conclusion: Our results demonstrate suitability of islets isolated from CP patients of tropical region for autotransplantation.

关键词： Islets Tropical Chronic Pancreatitis Islet Functions Transplantation