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Is the crop insurance program effective in China? Evidence from farmers analysis in five provinces

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第10期14卷 2109-2120页

作者： WANG Ke ZHANG Qiao Shingo Kimura Suraya Akte Agricultural Information Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Agri-information Service Technology Ministry of Agriculture Trade and Agricultural directorate Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development

This paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Chinese crop insurance program in terms of farmers＇ utility and welfare. A simulation model based on the power utility function was first developed to evaluate the effectiveness of crop insurance. Then, the Monte Carlo approach was used to generate the datasets of area, price, yield, cost, and income based on the characteristics of representative farmers, which were clustered and calibrated using the farm-level data of 574 individual farmers from five Chinese provinces. Finally, the effectiveness of Chinese crop insurance was evaluated by comparing the certainty equivalence（CE） of farmers＇ utility/welfare under alternative crop insurance scenarios. Government subsidy is a necessary premise for implementing the crop insurance program. The government should subsidize more than 50% of the crop insurance premium to motivate more farmers to participate in the program. The findings also show that the current crop insurance program in China has increased the farmers＇ welfare but still need to be improved to achieve the Pareto improvement and to make full use of the financial fund of the government. This paper is believed to not only extend academic research but also has significant implications for policymakers, especially in the context of rapid development of Chinese crop insurance with much issues such as rate, subsidy and coverage level needed to be improved.

关键词： crop insurance effectiveness evaluation expected utility model China

Titanium nanoparticles attenuates arsenic toxicity by up-regulating expressions of defensive genes in Vigna radiata L

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第6期32卷 18-27页

作者： Priya Katiyar Bhumika Yadu Jyoti Korram Manmohan L.Satnami Meetul Kumar S.Keshavkant School of Studies in Biotechnology Pt.Ravishankar Shukla UniversityRaipur 492010India School of Studies in Chemistry Pt.Ravishankar Shukla UniversityRaipur 492010India directorate of International cooperation Defence Research and Development OrganizationNew Delhi 110001India

Arsenic(As)-toxicity is recognized as one of the major environmental problems,affecting productivity of crops worldwide,thereby threatening sustainable agriculture and food *** in nanotechnology and its impacts have brought up concerns about the application of engineered nanoparticles(NPs)in various sectors of the economy,including the field of *** various NPs,there has been a rising amount of interest regarding the effects of titanium NPs(TiNPs)on plants growth and development,and their fate of abiotic stress ***,the present study was aimed to assess the ameliorative potentialities of chemically and biologically/green synthesized TiNPs to alleviate As-induced toxic responses in Vigna radiata *** results revealed that exposure to As hindered the growth indices(radicle length and biomass)and membrane integrity,while were improved with the application of chemical and green synthesized *** addition,treatment of As provoked the accretion of reactive oxygen species(superoxide and hydrogen peroxide)and malondialdehyde(a lipid per oxidized product),but were diminished by the supplementation of chemical and green manufactured *** experimental data also signified that exogenous application of chemical and green synthesized TiNPs conferred tolerance to As-induced oxidative injuries via perking-up the expressions of antioxidant genes and enzyme systems viz;superoxide dismutase and ***,the present study inferred that chemically and green synthesized TiNPs,particularly green manufactured,effectively mitigated the adverse impacts of As by augmenting antioxidant machinery,thereby proving its potentiality in the alleviation of As-toxicity,at least in Vignaradiata L.

关键词： Antioxidants Arsenic Gene expression Titanium nanoparticles(TiNPs) Reactive oxygen species(ROS) Vigna radiata L

Running safety and seismic optimization of a fault-crossing simply-supported girder bridge for high-speed railways based on a train-track-bridge coupling system

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Journal of Central South University 2022年第8期29卷 2449-2466页

作者： JIANG Hui ZENG Cong PENG Qiang LI Xin MAXin-yi SONG Guang-song School of Civil Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Foshan Railway investment Construction Group cooperation Ltd. Foshan 528000China

Bridges crossing active faults are more likely to suffer serious damage or even collapse due to the wreck capabilities of near-fault pulses and surface ruptures under *** a high-speed railway simply-supported girder bridge with eight spans crossing an active strike-slip fault as the research object,a refined coupling dynamic model of the high-speed train-CRTS III slab ballastless track-bridge system was established based on *** rationality of the established model was thoroughly *** horizontal ground motions in a fault rupture zone were simulated and transient dynamic analyses of the high-speed train-track-bridge coupling system under 3-dimensional seismic excitations were subsequently *** safe running speed limits of a high-speed train under different earthquake levels(frequent occurrence,design and rare occurrence)were assessed based on wheel-rail dynamic(lateral wheel-rail force,derailment coefficient and wheel-load reduction rate)and rail deformation(rail dislocation,parallel turning angle and turning angle)*** optimization was then investigated in terms of the rail fastener stiffness and isolation layer friction *** of the wheel-rail dynamic indicators demonstrate the safe running speed limits for the high-speed train to be approximately 200 km/h and 80 km/h under frequent and design earthquakes,while the train is unable to run safely under rare *** addition,the rail deformations under frequent,design and rare earthquakes meet the safe running requirements of the high-speed train for the speeds of 250,100 and 50 km/h,*** speed limits determined for the wheel-rail dynamic indicators are lower due to the complex coupling effect of the train-track-bridge system under track *** running safety of the train was improved by increasing the fastener stiffness and isolation layer friction *** the rail fastener lateral stiffness of 60 kN/mm and isolat

关键词： high-speed train train-track-bridge interaction fault-crossing ground motion train operation safety speed limit track structure optimization

Can Persistent Children Hyperglycemia Be Induced by Causes Other Than Pancreas Failure?

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2022年第7期12卷 135-158页

作者： Altair Souza De Assis João Luiz Pinto Da Nobrega cooperation Center for the Development of Children and Adolescents (CCDIA) Project Directorate Niterói Brazil

In this work, children’s persistent hyperglycemia has been revised using the available literature to support the proposed reasoning. Based on this study, we have shown that the human glycemic management system must be seen as coupled and integrated by four subsystems, namely, production system, consumption system, distribution system, control system, and also it should be seen as coupled to external noxious factors/stressors, if not we show that the glycemic homeostasis analysis might be defective and might induce, in many cases, a misdiagnosis of the causes of the persistent hyperglycemia under consideration. Also, in this work, some considerations were presented to show that anomalies in the cerebral glycemic control through the glucose sensor neurons might be a possible cause/origin of some of the glycemic abnormalities and dysfunctions (however, not only the known related hypoglycemia but also hyperglycemia) that occur in childhood. Finally, it is shown that persistent novel external noxious factors of modernity or noxious factors already known, but amplified by modernity, such as persistent stress, media induced fears, and phobias, environmental pollution, and electromagnetic pollution, can and should also be considered as possible precursors for the development of anomalies in the juvenile homeostatic glycemic system that might well be, if intense and persistent, the driver of the worldwide observed T1DM epidemic events.

关键词： Juvenile Persistent Hyperglycemia Body’s External Noxious Elements Glycemia’s Sensor Neurons Homeostasis Euglycemia

Design and implementation of China Hydrogen Price Index system

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Clean Energy 2023年第1期7卷 148-156页

作者： Wei Liu Yanming Wan Yan Zhang Qi Liu China Hydrogen Alliance Research Institute Co. LtdBeijing100007China Guohua Energy investment Co. LtdBeijing100007China

Hydrogen will be an important part of China’s energy system in the future and an important carrier for energy-using terminals to realize green and low-carbon *** is important to establish a nationwide hydrogen market to promote the healthy and orderly development of the hydrogen industry *** core is to form a complete hydrogen price mechanism and play a decisive role in the process of resource allocation by the *** this paper,we have developed the framework of the‘China Hydrogen Price Index’system by establishing the‘Assessment+Collection’model,which covers four types of hydrogen:hydrogen,clean hydrogen,renewable hydrogen and high-purity *** model considers the raw materials required for hydrogen production,fixed equipment,engineering construction costs and carbon prices,and conducts sensitivity analysis on the trends and influencing factors of national and regional hydrogen prices of multiple categories since *** results show that,with respect to the level of hydrogen prices,fossil-energy-rich and renewable-energy-rich areas have more advantages than other *** price of raw materials is the main factor of the hydrogen price change,and the utilization hours of renewable energy and hydrogen production equipment have a key influence on the price of renewable ***,by establishing an index update mechanism,improving the standard system and building a trading platform,we can further exert the role of price signals and continue to promote the efficient and smooth expansion of the domestic hydrogen market.

关键词： hydrogen price index market price

Taking up the Challenge

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ChinAfrica 2019年第6期11卷 22-23页

作者： Benard Ayieko trade and investment in Kenya

The celebrations to commemorate the World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought across the globe in June also mark the 25th anniversary of the United Nations Convention to Com bat Desertification (UNCCD). The theme of this year s campaign is Let s Grow the Future Together. Celebrations are primarily meant to raise awareness that Land Degra dation Neutrality can be achieved through providing solutions to existing desertification and drought challenges, enhancing strong community involvement and fostering multi - stakeholder cooperation. On June 17, environmentalists will celebrate 25 years of milestones achieved by citizens of various countries in promoting sustainable land management and reevaluate the next 25 years when Land Degradation Neuh ality is to be realized through restoring degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods.

关键词： commemorate the World Day United Nations Convention to Com bat Desertification milestones

Forecasting of in situ electron energy loss spectroscopy

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 2400-2408页

作者： Nicholas R.Lewis Yicheng Jin Xiuyu Tang Vidit Shah Christina Doty Bethany E.Matthews Sarah Akers Steven R.Spurgeon Department of Chemical Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA National Security directorate Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA99352USA Energy and Environment directorate Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA99352USA Department of Physics University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA

Forecasting models are a central part of many control systems,where high-consequence decisions must be made on long latency control *** models are particularly relevant for emerging artificial intelligence(AI)-guided instrumentation,in which prescriptive knowledge is needed to guide autonomous *** we describe the implementation of a long short-term memory model(LSTM)for forecasting in situ electron energy loss spectroscopy(EELS)data,one of the richest analytical probes of materials and chemical *** describe key considerations for data collection,preprocessing,training,validation,and benchmarking,showing how this approach can yield powerful predictive insight into order-disorder phase ***,we comment on how such a model may integrate with emerging AI-guided instrumentation for powerful high-speed experimentation.

关键词： consequence autonomous transitions

Interpretation of the Traditional Chinese Medicine portion of the diagnosis and treatment protocol for corona virus disease 2019(Trial Version 7)

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2020年第3期40卷 497-508页

作者： Song Ping Zhao Linhua Li Xiuyang Su Jiansen Jiang Zhaoyuan Song Bin Liu Wenke Tang Shuang Lei Ye Ding Qiyou Yang Ze Lin Jiaran Wei Yu Tong Xiaolin International cooperation Division China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100700China Department of Endocrinology Guang'anmen HospitalChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100053China Tianjin Tasly Medical&Healthcare Investment Co.Ltd.Tianjin 300410China The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University Zunyi 563099China Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100029China Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineXianyang 712000China

The TCM protocol in the Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)(Trial Version 7) has been updated from previous versions. The protocol was formulated under the direct leadership of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, based on the experience of a panel of experts, supported by evidence from fever clinics and from the outcomes of emergency(EM) observation rooms and inpatients throughout China(especially in Wuhan, Hubei Province) in combination with the latest scientific research results and data. The present interpretation of the TCM protocol is based on an overall understanding of the revised content, and aims to guide and standardize its clinical application to provide a reference for clinicians.

关键词： Medicine Chinese traditional Corona virus disease 2019 Protocol interpretation

Sustaining Economic Growth Through Customer-Oriented Taxpayer Services Reform in Indonesia

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Belt and Road Initiative Tax Journal 2023年第1期4卷 56-66页

作者： Septian Fachrizal Mitsalina Choirun Husna directorate of International Taxation directorate General of Taxes of Indonesia

Maintaining economic growth is a challenging undertaking.A nation requires numerous resources to keep its economy running and *** Indonesia,taxes continue to be the major contributor to the ***’s tax authority must collect taxes and duties owed in line with the law and in a manner that maintains confidence in the tax system and its administrations in order to keep the economy ***,it is vital to devise a plan to prevent revenue *** article aims to evaluate the efforts of Indonesia’s tax authority to improve tax services as an investment and trade promotion strategy,as well as to improve tax compliance among *** article will detail the efforts taken by the directorate General of Taxes(DGT)to reform tax services,and the current work and future outlook of DGT’s tax services reform.

关键词： Tax service Tax reform Economic development Tax compliance