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Dynamics of self-hybridized exciton–polaritons in 2D halide perovskites

Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 13-22页

作者： Surendra B.Anantharaman Jason Lynch Christopher E.Stevens Christopher Munley Chentao Li Jin Hou Hao Zhang Andrew Torma Thomas Darlington Francis Coen Kevin Li Arka Majumdar PJames Schuck Aditya Mohite Hayk Harutyunyan Joshua R.Hendrickson Deep Jariwala Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA KBR Inc. BeavercreekOH45431USA Air Force Research Laboratory Sensors DirectorateWright-Patterson Air Force BaseOH45433USA Department of Physics University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA Department of Physics Emory UniversityAtlantaGA30322USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Applied Physics Program Smalley‐Curl InstituteRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY10027USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA

Excitons,bound electron–hole pairs,in two-dimensional hybrid organic inorganic perovskites(2D HOIPs)are capable of forming hybrid light-matter states known as exciton-polaritons(E–Ps)when the excitonic medium is confined in an optical *** the case of 2D HOIPs,they can self-hybridize into E–Ps at specific thicknesses of the HOIP crystals that form a resonant optical cavity with the ***,the fundamental properties of these self-hybridized E–Ps in 2D HOIPs,including their role in ultrafast energy and/or charge transfer at interfaces,remain ***,we demonstrate that>0.5µm thick 2D HOIP crystals on Au substrates are capable of supporting multiple-orders of self-hybridized E–P *** E–Ps have high Q factors(>100)and modulate the optical dispersion for the crystal to enhance sub-gap absorption and *** varying excitation energy and ultrafast measurements,we also confirm energy transfer from higher energy E–Ps to lower energy E–***,we also demonstrate that E–Ps are capable of charge transport and transfer at *** findings provide new insights into charge and energy transfer in E–Ps opening new opportunities towards their manipulation for polaritonic devices.

关键词： charge polar excitation

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Direct-Seeded rice: Genetic Improvement of Game-Changing Traits for Better Adaption

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rice science 2024年第4期31卷 417-433页

作者： Priyanka NEGI Jagadish RANE Rajendra Sadashiv WAGH Tukaram Jayaram BHOR Dipti Digambar GODSE Priyanka JADHAV C.ANILKUMAR Dasari SREEKANTH K.SAMMI REDDY Sharad Ramrao GADAKH K.M.BORAIH C.B.HARISHA P.S.BASAVARAJ Indian Council of Agricultural Research(ICAR)-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management Baramati 413115India Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth Rahuri 413722India ICAR-Central Institute for Arid Horticulture Bikaner 334006India ICAR-National rice Research Institute Cuttack 753006India ICAR-directorate of Weed Research Jabalpur 482004India Dr.Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth Akola 444104India

The sustainability of rice production continues to be a subject of uncertainty and inquiry attributed to shifts in climatic conditions. In light of the impending climate change crisis and the high labor and water costs accompanying it, direct-seeded rice(DSR) is unquestionably one of the most practical solutions. Despite its resource and climate-friendly advantages, early maturing rice faces weed competitiveness and seedling establishment challenges. Resolving these issues is crucial for promoting its wider adoption among farmers, presenting it as a more effective sustainable rice cultivation method globally. Diverse traditional and contemporary breeding methods are employed to mitigate the limitations of the DSR approach, leveraging advanced techniques such as speed breeding and genome editing. Focusing on key traits like mesocotyl length elongation, early seedling vigor, root system architecture, and weed competitiveness holds promise for transformative improvements in DSR adaptation at a broader scale within farming communities. This review aims to summarize how these features contribute to increased crop production in DSR conditions and explore the research efforts focusing on enhancing DSR adaptation through these traits. Emphasizing the pivotal role of these game-changing traits in DSR adaptation, our analysis sheds light on their potential transformative impact and offers valuable insights for advancing DSR practices.

关键词： climate change direct-seeded rice aerobic rice early vigor trait

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Gas chromatography mass spectrometry based metabolic profiling reveals biomarkers involved in rice-gall midge interactions

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2014年第9期56卷 837-848页

作者： Ruchi Agarrwal Jagadish Sanmallappa Bentur Suresh Nair International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology(ICGEB) directorate of rice reearch Agri Biotech Foundation

The Asian rice gall midge（Orseolia oryzae WoodMason） is a serious pest of rice that causes huge loss in *** feeding inside the susceptible host,maggots secrete substances that facilitate the formation of a hollow tube-like structure called gall and prevent panicle *** present investigation was carried out to get an account of biochemical changes occurring in the rice plant upon gall midge *** profiling of host tissues from three rice varieties,namely,TN1,Kavya,and RP2068,exposed to gall midge biotype 1（GMB1）,was carried out using gas chromatography mass spectrometry（GC-MS）.TN1 and GMB1 represented compatible interaction,while Kavya and GMB1 as well as RP2068 and GMB1 represented incompatible *** current study identified several metabolites that could be grouped as resistance,susceptibility,infestation,and host features based on their relative *** may be regarded as biomarkers for insect-plant interaction in general and rice-gall midge interaction in particular.

关键词： Biomarkers gas chromatography mass spectrometry insect-plant interaction metabolic profiling metabolites rice-gall midge interaction

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Newcastle Disease in Chickens of Smallholder Farmers at Krang Yov Commune S’ang District,Kandal Province

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2024年第2期13卷 68-75页

作者： Sokha Thim Chhay Kheang Lim Kroesna Kang Sath Keo Vutey Venn Kouch Theng Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Royal University of AgriculturePhnom Penh 12400Cambodia General directorate of Animal Health and Production Phnom Penh 120603Cambodia Graduate School Royal University of AgriculturePhnom Penh 12400Cambodia

The study was conducted in Krang Yov commune,S’ang district,Kandal province and was conducted in three villages,including Kampong Po,Andong and Svay Damnak *** the total,88 families were selected for interview by using snowball technic of nonprobability *** to the results of the interviews,it showed that the number of farmers who raised chickens and had participated in training was very low number,ranging from 10.71%to 34.38%.For chicken raising system,the free ranging was the most popular by allowing the chicken to scavenge around the village,however,the total confinement was also *** local breed was more popular and the purpose of raising was for selling meat,however there were few households that raised the fighting cock for *** number of chickens owned per household,was mostly less than 20 birds,while,the average number of birds per household ranged from 16.82 birds to 37.66 ***,the average number of birds per household was significant different between the households who have participated in chicken raising training and those who never participated(price was also used to supplement *** vaccination for chicken was significant different among the villages(p<0.05),in which the household in Kampong Po village had highest percentage of vaccinating their chicken,40.63%,than those in Svay Damnak and Andong *** Newcastle vaccination was the more popular in those ***,all of the households have experienced with the disease,especially ND(Newcastle Disease)accounting for 67.05%,followed by influenza and fowl *** chicken got sick,most of farmers had treated their chicken with different methods,especially buying the medicine from the store and treatment by themselves were mostly applicabl

关键词： Raising system vaccination biosecurity ND

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Physiological Age Status of Female Adults and Off-Season Survival of rice Leaffolder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis in India

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rice science 2015年第5期22卷 237-244页

作者： Padmavathi CHINTALAPATI Katti GURURAJ Sailaja VALLABUNI Prasad YENUMULAG directorate of rice Research Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture

rice leaffolder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, is one of the major foliage feeders found in the rice growing regions in India. When the crop was at maturity, numerous adults of rice leaffolder were found in the rice fields though the larval population gradually decreased, and no eggs were found on rice leaves. The population characteristics of C. medinalis were assessed based on the physiological age status of adults at different crop growth stages. Based on egg development within ovarioles, ovariole appearance number and colour of fat bodies, and characteristics of bursa copulatrix, physiological age status of the adults was described, which served as a basis for the determination of age composition. C. medinalis adults were found during the first week of August on rice plants, of which 44% were in Age 0 with immature ovaries, indicating immigrants. However, 28% adults each were at Ages 1-2 with developing ovaries, indicating local breeding population. The carryover and off-season survival of C. medinalis were also studied to determine the contribution of the alternative hosts in the population growth that helped in devising efficient management strategies. rice was the most preferred host followed by Triticum aestivum, Echinochloa crusgulli and Brachiaria plantaginea. Various routes of the carryover of C. medinalis from season to season were discussed.

关键词： rice leaffolder physiological age carryover off-season survival alternative host ovariole weed

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ISSR markers based on GA and AG repeats reveal genetic relationship among rice varieties tolerant to drought,flood,or salinity

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2009年第2期10卷 133-141页

作者： Ch Surendhar REDDY A. Prasad BABU B.P. Mallikarjuna SWAMY K. KALADHAR N. SARLA Biotechnology Laboratory Crop Improvement SectionDirectorate of Rice ResearchRajendranagar

Drought, flood, salinity, or a combination of these limits rice production. Several rice varieties are well known for their tolerance to specific abiotic stresses. We determined genetic relationship among 12 rice varieties including 9 tolerant to drought, flood, or salinity using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Based on all markers, the nine tolerant varieties formed one cluster distinct from the cluster of three control varieties. The salt-tolerant varieties were closest to two flood-tolerant varieties, and together they were distinct from the drought-tolerant varieties. (GA)8YG was the most informative primer, showing the highest polymorphic information content (PIC) and resolving power (Rp). The drought-, flood-, and salt-tolerant varieties grouped in three distinct clusters within the group of tolerant varieties, when (GA)8YG was used. Sabita was the only exception. The two aus varieties, Nagina22 and FR13A, were separated and grouped with the drought- and flood-tolerant varieties, respec- tively, but they were together in dendrograms based on other primers. The results show that ISSR markers associated with (GA)8YG delineated the three groups of stress-tolerant varieties from each other and can be used to identify genes/new alleles associated with the three abiotic stresses in rice germplasm.

关键词： ISSR标记水稻品种重复基因耐干旱洪水盐度非生物胁迫 AG

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Prediction and Expression Analysis of miRNAs Associated with Heat Stress in Oryza sativa

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rice science 2014年第1期21卷 3-12页

作者： B.SAILAJA S.R.VOLETI D.SUBRAHMANYAM N.SARLA V.VISHNU PRASANTH V.P.BHADANA S.K.MANGRAUTHIA Biotechnology Section Directorate of Rice Research Rajendranagar

Computational prediction of potential microRNAs （miRNAs） and their target genes was performed to identify the miRNAs and genes associated with temperature response in rice. The data of temperature-responsive miRNAs of Arabidopsis, and miRNAs and the whole genome data of rice were used to predict potential miRNAs in Oryza sativa involved in temperature response. A total of 55 miRNAs were common in both the species, and 27 miRNAs were predicted at the first time in rice. Target genes were searched for these 27 miRNAs in rice genome following stringent criteria. Real time PCR based on expression analysis of nine miRNAs showed that majority of the miRNAs were down regulated under heat stress for rice cultivar Nagina 22. Furthermore, miR169, miR1884 and miR160 showed differential expression in root and shoot tissues of rice. Identification and expression studies of miRNAs during heat stress will advance the understanding of gene regulation under stress in rice.

关键词： miRNA Oryza sativa Arabidopsis target mRNA regulation

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Genetic analysis of growth and wood variations in Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit.

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第3期24卷 485-493页

作者： E K. Pande A. Kumar S. Ravichandran S. Naithani V. Kothiyal E B. K. Kishore A. Raturi E Gautam S. Dobhal S. Sharma Forest Research Institute EO. IPE Dehradun 248195 India. directorate of rice Research Hyderabad India. Osmania University Hyderabad India

We selected 28 populations of Leucaena leucocephala from different geographical locations in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Orissa of India on the basis of height and girth at breast height （GBH）. We evaluated fiber length, optical density, wall thickness, vessel element length, vessel element diameter, specific gravity and lignin of these populations of L. leucocephala in different sites. Populations had significant variations for all growth, wood and paper parameters. Girth at breast height （GBH） and specific gravity were the most important pa- rameters for heritability and genetic gain, respectively. The minimum heritability was reported for vessel element length and genetic gain for fiber length. The populations were grouped into six clusters, cluster II had maximum number of populations （14） and clusters IV and VI had one population each. GBH contributed maximum of 34.39 % towards total divergence followed by specific gravity （14.02%）. An economic technique to produce quality seed by establishing seed orchards with genetically divergent parents was suggested. The hybridization among the populations selected from diverse clusters could produce greater heterosis needed for higher growth and suitable wood and paper manu- facturing parameters.

关键词： Leucaena leucocephala wood parameters heritability ge-netic advance seed orchards

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Infection of Early and Young Callus Tissues of Indica rice BPT5204 Enhances Regeneration and Transformation Efficiency

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rice science 2013年第6期20卷 415-426页

作者： P.MANIMARAN G.RAVI KUMAR M.RAGHURAMI REDDY S.JAIN T.BHASKAR RAO S.K.MANGRAUTHIA R.M.SUNDARAM S.RAVICHANDRAN S.M.BALACHANDRAN Biotechnology Laboratory Crop Improvement SectionDirectorate of Rice ResearchRajendranagarHyderabad 500030India

A rapid and reproducible method to develop transgenic plants with enhanced transformation efficiency using Agrobacterium has been developed for the elite indica rice variety BPT 5204. Different rice calli aged from 3 to 30 d were co-cultivated with pre-incubated Agrobacterium suspension culture （LBA4404： pSB1, pCAMBIA1301） and incubated in dark for 3 d. Based on the transient GUS gene expression analysis, 6-day-old young calli showed high transformation frequency followed by 21-day-old ones. Thus, both 6-and 21-day-old calli were used for assessing the stable transformation efficiency. It was observed that the 6-day-old young transformed calli showed about 2-fold higher regeneration frequency when compared with 21-day-old calli. The transformation efficiency was enhanced for young calli to 5.9% compared with 0.8% of the 21-day-old calli. Molecular and genetic analysis of transgenic plants （To） revealed the presence of 1-2 copies of T-DNA integration in transformants and it follows Mendalian ratio in T1 transgenic plants. From the present study, it was concluded that the development of transgenic rice plants in less duration with high regeneration and transformation efficiency was achieved in BPT 5204 by using 6-day-old young calli as explants.

关键词： Agrobacterium-mediated transformation meihod rice callus transformation transgenicplant indica rice

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Molecular Mapping of QTLs for Yield and Yield-Related Traits in Oryza sativa cv Swarna × O. nivara (IRGC81848) Backcross Population

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rice science 2011年第3期18卷 178-186页

作者： B. P. MALLIKARJUNA SWAMY K. KALADHAR M. S. RAMESHA B. C. VIRAKTAMATH N. SARLA directorate of rice Research Rajendranagar Hyderabad India - 500030 Plant Breeding Genetics and Biotechnology Division International Rice Research Institute DAPO Box 7777 Metro Manila Philippines

Advanced backcross QTL analysis was used to identify QTLs for seven yield and yield-related traits in a BC2F2 population from the cross between a popular Oryza sativa cv Swarna and O. nivara IRGC81848. Transgressive segregants with more than 15% increased effect over Swarna were observed for all the traits except days to heading and days to 50% flowering. Thirty QTLs were detected for seven yield and yield-related traits using interval and composite interval mapping. Enhancing alleles at 13 (45%) of these QTLs were derived from O. nivara, and enhancing alleles at all the QTLs for stem diameter and rachis diameter were derived from O. nivara. Three stem diameter QTLs, two rachis diameter QTLs and one number of secondary branches QTL identified by both Interval and composite interval mapping contributed more than 15% of the total phenotypic variance. The QTL epistasis was significant for stem diameter and plot yield. The most significant QTLs qSD7.2, qSD8.1 and qSD9.1 for stem diameter, qRD9.1 for rachis diameter and qNSB1.1 for number of secondary branches are good targets to evaluate their use in marker-assisted selection. O. nivara is a good source of novel alleles for yield related traits and reveals major effect QTLs suitable for marker-assisted selection.

关键词： Oryza sativa Oryza nivara stem diameter rachis diameter yield yield components quantitative trait locus

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