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China CDC weekly 2024年第11期6卷 203-207,I0001-I0003页

作者： Chi Shen Xi Chen School of public Policy and Administration Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an CityShaanxi ProvinceChina Department of health Policy and Management Yale School of Public HealthNew HavenCTU.S Department of Economics Yale UniversityNew HavenCTU.S

What is already known about this topic?There is mounting evidence indicating that the aging process initiates during early life stages,with in utero the individual’s environment playing a significant ***,it is crucial to comprehend the enduring effects of early life circumstances on health in old *** is added by this report?In this study,we conducted a meta-analysis to examine the effects of the Chinese Famine(1959–1961)on the health of older *** also explored potential mechanisms underlying these *** are the implications for public health practice?The complex interplay between early life circumstances,multiple health-related sectors,and healthy aging necessitates a comprehensive life-course approach and strategic interventions to enhance public health in an aging society.

关键词： life aging mount

Prevalence and risk factors associated with long COVID symptoms in children and adolescents in a southern province of Vietnam

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第3期17卷 119-128,I0001,I0002页

作者： Huynh Ngoc Linh Nguyen The Tan Le Thi Minh Thu Nguyen Tu Loan Nguyen Thi To Uyen Le Thanh Thao Trang Truong Thanh Nam Doan Hoang Phu Faculty of Medicine Ca Mau Medical CollegeCa Mau 98000Vietnam Ca Mau Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital Ca Mau 98000Vietnam Faculty of Basic Science and public health Dong Thap Medical CollegeDong Thap 81000Vietnam Graduate University of Sciences and Technology Vietnam Academy of Science and TechnologyHa Noi 10000Vietnam Community public health Research Program School of Public HealthWalailak UniversityNakhon Si Thammarat 80160Thailand Faculty public health Can Tho University of Medicine and PharmacyCan Tho City 94000Vietnam Doctoral Program in health Sciences College of Graduate StudiesWalailak UniversityNakhon Si Thammarat 80160Thailand

Objective:To investigate the prevalence and risk factors associated with long COVID symptoms among children and adolescents who have recovered from ***:This study applied a cross-sectional approach within community settings in a southern province of Vietnam.A structured questionnaire featuring socio-demographic information and common long COVID symptoms was *** correlation coefficients assessed associations among pairs of long COVID ***,multivariable logistic regression models were performed to investigate the risk factors of long COVID in recovered COVID-19 children and ***:Among 422 participants,39.3%reported long COVID symptoms,with a prevalence of 45.2%(SD=0.5)in children and 22.2%(SD=0.4)in *** symptoms reported were cough 34.6%(SD=0.5),fatigue 20.6%(SD=0.4),shortness of breath 10.9%(SD=0.3),and lack of appetite 6.6%(SD=0.3).Concerning risk factors of long COVID,a higher risk was observed among demographic groups,including girls(OR 1.25,95%CI 1.15-1.37;Phealthy weight),and participants without any COVID-19 vaccination(OR 1.36,95%CI 1.20-1.54;Pstrategic interventions aimed at mitigating the long COVID risks among children and adolescents in Vietnam.

关键词： Long COVID Prevalence Risk factors Children Adolescent Vietnam

Geospatial Variability of Cholera Cases in Malawi Based on Climatic and Socioeconomic Influences

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2024年第1期16卷 1-20页

作者： Emmanuel Chinkaka Francis Chauluka Ruth Chinkaka Billy Kachingwe Esther Banda Latif Department of Geography and Spatial Sciences University of Delaware Newark USA Department of Earth Sciences Malawi University of Science and Technology Limbe Malawi Department of Water Resources Management Malawi University of Science and Technology Limbe Malawi Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital Blantyre Malawi Department of public health Nkhoma Mission Hospital Nkhoma Malawi

Cholera remains a public health threat in most developing countries in Asia and Africa including Malawi with seasonal recurrent outbreaks. Malawi’s recent Cholera outbreak in 2022 and 2023, exhibited higher morbidity and mortality rates than the past two decades. Lack of spatiotemporal-based technology and variability assessment tools in Malawi’s Cholera monitoring and management, limit our understanding of the disease’s epidemiology. The present work developed a spatiotemporal variability model for Cholera disease at district level and its relationship to socioeconomic and climatic factors based on cumulative confirmed Cholera cases in Malawi from March 2022 to July 2023 using Z-score statistic and multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) in a Geographical Information System (GIS). We found out that socioeconomic factors such as access to safe drinking water, population density and poverty level, and climatic factors including temperature and rainfall strongly influenced Cholera prevalence in a complex and multifaceted manner. The model shows that Lilongwe, Mangochi, Blantyre and Balaka districts were highly vulnerable to Cholera disease followed by lakeshore districts of Salima, Nkhotakota, Nkhata-Bay and Karonga than other districts. We recommend strategic measures such as Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) interventions, community awareness on proper water storage, Cholera case management, vaccination campaigns and spatial-based surveillance systems in the most affected districts. This research has shown that MGWR, as a surveillance system, has the potential of providing insights on the disease’s spatial patterns for public health authorities to identify high-risk districts and implement early response interventions to reduce the spread of the disease.

关键词： Cholera Geospatial Variability Prevalence GIS MGWR Vulnerability Malawi

Asymmetric relationship between global and national factors and domestic food prices:evidence from Turkey with novel nonlinear approaches

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Financial Innovation 2023年第1期9卷 233-256页

作者： Mustafa Tevfik Kartal Ozer Depren Borsa Istanbul strategic Planning Financial Reportingand Investor Relations DirectorateIstanbulTurkey YapıKredi Bank Customer Experience Research Lab. IstanbulTurkey

This study investigates the asymmetric relationship between global and national fac-tors and domestic food prices in Turkey,considering the recent rapid and continuous increase in domestic food *** this context,six global and three national explana-tory variables were included,and monthly data for the period from January 2004 to June 2021 were *** addition,novel nonlinear time-series econometric approaches,such as wavelet coherence,Granger causality in quantiles,and quantile-on-quantile regression,were applied for examination at different times,frequencies,and ***,the Toda-Yamamoto(TY)causality test and quantile regression(QR)approach were used for robustness *** empirical results revealed that(i)there is a significant relationship between domestic food prices and explanatory variables at different times and frequencies;(ii)a causal relationship exists in most quantiles,excluding the lowest quantile,some middle quantiles,and the highest quantile for some variables;(iii)the power of the effect of the explanatory variables on domestic food prices varies according to the quantiles;and(iv)the results were validated by the TY causality test and QR,which show that the results were ***,the empiri-cal results reveal that global and national factors have an asymmetric relationship with domestic food prices,highlighting the effects of fluctuations in global and national variables on domestic food ***,the results imply that Turkish policymakers should consider the asymmetric effects of global and national factors on domestic food prices at different times,frequencies,and quantiles.

关键词： Domestic food prices Global factors National factors Nonlinear approaches Turkey

Comprehensive Analysis of Cancer Incidence and Mortality Trends in Costa Rica: Implications for public health

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2024年第5期15卷 219-221页

作者： Guzman Percy Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program (CPFP) Division of Cancer Prevention (DCP) National Cancer Institute (NCI) Rockville Maryland United States health Assessment Research Branch (HARB) Health Delivery Research Program (HDRP) Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences (DCCPS) Rockville Maryland United States

This commentary delves into the evolving landscape of cancer incidence and mortality in Costa Rica, presenting a comprehensive analysis of the data. Key findings reveal a concerning upward trajectory in cancer incidence rates, placing Costa Rica at the forefront within Central America. While prostate cancer and breast cancer dominate, disparities emerge when scrutinizing gender-specific trends. Notably, stomach and cervical cancers show declines, potentially attributed to targeted interventions. However, colorectal and liver cancers witness mortality increases, necessitating strategic responses. Geographical disparities persist across provinces, highlighting the need for equitable healthcare access. In conclusion, this commentary underscores the urgency of addressing the burgeoning cancer burden in Costa Rica, calling for evidence-based interventions and collaborative efforts on a global scale.

关键词： Cancer Incidence Cancer Mortality Costa Rica Cancer Trends Risk Factors Early Detection public health

Effects of sociodemographic characteristics and patients’health beliefs on tuberculosis treatment adherence in Ethiopia:a structural equation modelling approach

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 1506-1515页

作者： Habteyes Hailu Tola Mehrdad Karimi Mir Saeed Yekaninejad Department of Epidemiology and Biostatics School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesInternational CampusTehranIran Tuberculosis/HIV Research directorate Ethiopian Public Health InstituteP.O.Box 1242/5654 Addis AbabaEthiopia

Background:Patients’beliefs are a major factor affecting tuberculosis(TB)treatment ***,there has been little use of health Belief Model(HBM)in determining the pathway effect of patients’sociodemographic characteristics and beliefs on TB treatment ***,this study was aimed at determining the effect of sociodemographic characteristics and patients’health beliefs on TB treatment adherence based on the HBM concept in ***:A cross-sectional study was conducted in Addis Ababa,Ethiopia among TB patients undertaking *** health centres were randomly selected and one hospital was purposely *** hundred and ninety-eight TB patients who had been on treatment for 1-2 month,were aged 18 years or above,and had the mental capability to provide consent were enrolled consecutively with non-probability sampling technique from the TB registration book until required sample size *** questionnaires were used to collect *** equation modelling was employed to assess the pathway relationship between sociodemographic characteristics,patients’beliefs,and treatment ***:Of the 698 enrolled participants,401(57.4%)were male and 490(70.2%)were aged 35 years and *** mean age of participants was 32(±11.7)and the age range was 18-90 *** barrier/benefit was shown to be a significant direct negative effect on TB treatment adherence(ß=−0.124,P=0.032).In addition,cue to action(ß=−0.68,P≤0.001)and psychological distress(ß=0.08,Pinterventions intended to decrease perceived barriers and maximize perceived benefits should be implemented to enhance TB treatment *** addition,it is crucial that counselling is incorporated with the regular directly observed therapy ***(cue to actions)such as friends,family,healthcare workers,and the media could be used t

关键词： Tuberculosis health belief Treatment adherence Structural equation modelling Ethiopia

Contraceptive Experiences of Women of Procreation Age Who Attended Two healthCenters in the City of Abidjan (Cote d’Ivoire)

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health 2023年第1期15卷 1-19页

作者： Essis Esme Marie Laure Koffi Kouassi Benjamin Manouan N’guetta Mathilde Coulibaly-Koné Soltié Aminata Bamba Iba Kpebo Djoukou Olga Denise Konan Loukou Leandres Aka Joseph Ndola Prata National Institute of public health Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Reproductive health Research Unit of Cô te d’Ivoire Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Regional health directorate of the Me Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Department of public health and Biostatistics Faculty of Medicine Université Félix Houphou&#235 t Boigny Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Bixby Center for Population Health and Sustainability School of Public Health University of California Berkeley CA USA

Introduction: Maternal mortality, which is estimated at 614 deaths per 100,000 births in Côte d’Ivoire, is associated with a low national contraceptive prevalence rate of 13.9%. In this study, we are interested in the contraceptive experiences of women who attend health centers to estimate their rate of contraceptive use and to assess the factors involved in the use of modern contraceptive methods among women of childbearing age who are exposed to the risk of pregnancy. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2018 to September 2019 among 423 women, who attended two health centers in Abidjan. A bivariate analysis identified factors associated with contraceptive use by these women. A descriptive analysis determined the means for the quantitative variables and the frequencies and percentages of qualitative variables. Interpretation of results was based on significance (α = 5%, 95% CI). Results: Contraceptive prevalence was 37%. There was a significant relationship between contraceptive use and the socio-demographic and reproductive characteristics of women (p Conclusion: Women who were over 35 years age, uneducated, primary school graduates, housewives, unemployed, in the informal sector, Muslims, nulliparous, and lacking information and decision-making power were less likely to use modern contraceptive methods. They are the target population for strategic interventions to improve contraceptive prevalence.

关键词： Use Contraceptive Methods Women health Centers Côte d’Ivoire Africa

Effects of wet-cupping on blood pressure in hypertensive patients:a randomized controlled trial

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2015年第6期13卷 391-399页

作者： Nouran A.Aleyeidi Khaled S.Aseri Shadia M.Matbouli Albaraa A.Sulaiamani Sumayyah A.Kobeisy public health Administration Ministry of Health Community and Preventive Medicine Department King Abdulaziz Medical City general Practice Department King Abdulaziz University Hospital Aviation Medicine Department Medical Services Directorate of Security Aviation Command Paediatric Department Dr.Soliman Fakeeh Hospital

BACKGROUND： Although cupping remains a popular treatment modality worldwide, its efficacy for most diseases, including hypertension, has not been scientifically evaluated. OBJECTIVE： We aimed to determine the efficacy of wet-cupping for high blood pressure, and the incidence of the procedure＇s side effects in the intervention group. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND interventions： This is a randomized controlled trial conducted in the general Practice Department at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, between May 2013 and February 2014. There were two groups （40 participants each）： intervention group undergoing wet-cupping （hijama） in addition to conventional hypertension treatment, and a control group undergoing only conventional hypertension treatment. Three wet-cupping sessions were performed every other day. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE： The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured using a validated automatic sphygmomanometer. The follow-up period was 8 weeks. RESULTS： Wet-cupping provided an immediate reduction of systolic blood pressure. After 4 weeks of follow-up, the mean systolic blood pressure in the intervention group was 8.4 mmHg less than in the control group （P = 0.046）. After 8 weeks, there were no significant differences in blood pressures between the intervention and control groups. In this study, wet-cupping did not result in any serious side effects. CONCLUSION： Wet-cupping therapy is effective for reducing systolic blood pressure in hypertensive patients for up to 4 weeks, without serious side effects. Wet-cupping should be considered as a complementary hypertension treatment, and further studies are needed.

关键词： blood pressure hypertension cupping therapy randomized controlled trials

Provider Adherence to Malaria Test, Treat and Track Policy in the Binduri District of the Upper East Region of Ghana

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2022年第2期12卷 347-361页

作者： Justina Bompaana Tamponab Johnpual Amenu Emmanuel Amaglo Godwin Edem Yaotsey Wisdom Kwami Takramah Priscilla Aku Nuna Dotse Livingstone Asem Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana Department of Psychology Methodist University College Accra Ghana Department of public Administration and health Services Management Business School University of Ghana Accra Ghana

Background: Malaria is a disease of public health concern, which causes significant mortality and morbidity in the tropics, particularly in Africa. Ghana as a country has been implementing a combination of preventive and curative interventions as outlined in the strategic Plan for Malaria Control in Ghana, 2014-2020. Additionally, Ghana subscribes to sub-regional and global initiatives such as the test, treat and track (T3) initiative which seeks to ensure that every suspected malaria case is tested, every case tested positive is treated with the recommended quality-assured antimalarial medicine, and every case treated with antimalarial is followed up to ensure complete parasite clearance. However, the implementation of this policy is a challenge, hence the need to study provider adherence to the testing, treating, and tracking. Materials and method: The study is cross-sectional in nature and data for this research was collected from consulting room registers, patients’ folders, the District health Information Management System and a structured questionnaire designed to interview healthcare providers. The data was exported into Stata for cleaning and analysis. The results of the study were presented in the form of statistical charts and tables. Results: The study revealed that generally, provider adherence to the T3 policy was encouraging in the Binduri district, and a high level of testing (100%) of suspected malaria cases eliminated the practice of presumptive treatment. However, tracking of patients (68.2%) was not as high as testing and treatment which was revealed by the number asked to return for a review during the folder review. Conclusion: Significant progress in clinicians’ adherence to policy on malaria case management (T3) in the Binduri District. Continued training and facilitative supervision are essential to sustain gains and close existing gaps in clinicians’ adherence to malaria case management policy.

关键词： Test Treat Track Malaria

Prevalence and outcomes of pediatric surgical conditions at Connaught Hospital in Freetown:a retrospective study

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2023年第1期6卷 1-7页

作者： Henang Kwasau Juliana Kamanda Aiah Lebbie Cesia Cotache-Condor Pamela Espinoza Andie Grimm Naomi Wright Emily Smith Department of Community health College of Medicine and Allied Health SciencesUniversity of Sierra LeoneFreetownSierra Leone Department of Surgery Duke School of MedicineDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Duke Global health Institute Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Duke Center for Global Surgery and health Equity Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Department of public health Baylor UniversityWacoTexasUSA King’s Centre for Global health and health Partnerships King's College LondonLondonUK Department of Emergency Medicine Duke School of MedicineDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA

Background Sub-Saharan Africa experiences a disproportionate amount of pediatric surgical disease,with 80%of children lacking access to timely,affordable,and safe surgical *** study aims to characterize the burden of disease and outcomes of pediatric surgical conditions at Connaught Hospital,the main pediatric referral hospital in Sierra *** This retrospective and hospital-based study included children up to 15 years old who were operated on between 2015 and June 2016 at Connaught Hospital in Freetown,Sierra *** and inferential statistics were used to characterize the distribution of disease and compare all variables against age category and *** A total of 215 patients were included in this study of which 72.5%(n=132)were male and 27.5%(n=50)were *** of the patients were diagnosed with congenital anomalies(60.9%;n=131).However,infection was the leading diagnosis(60.5%;n=23)among patients aged 5–10 years(n=38).Inguinal hernia was the leading condition(65.0%;n=85)among patients presenting with a congenital *** condition with the highest mortality was infections(17.0%;n=8),followed by other conditions(9.1%;n=2)and congenital anomalies(3.1%;n=4).Based on the results of this study,over 7000 children with inguinal hernias remain untreated annually in Freetown,Sierra *** This study quantifies the burden of surgical disease among children,a foundational step toward the prioritization of pediatric surgical care in national health agendas,the development of evidence-based interventions,and the strategic allocation of resources in Sierra Leone.

关键词： surgical pediatric mortality