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Impact of a Phosphate Amendment on the Environmental Availability and Phytoavailability of Cd and Pb in Moderately and Highly Carbonated Kitchen garden Soils

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Pedosphere 2017年第3期27卷 588-605页

作者： Christophe WATERLOT Christelle PRUVOT Franck MAROT Francis DOUAY Yncréa Hauts-de-France Laboratoire Génie Civil et géo Environnement (LGCgE) Agence De l’Environnement et de la Matrise de l’Energie (ADEME) Direction Villes et Territoires Durables Services Friches Urbaines et Sites Pollués

The behaviour of metals mainly depends on soil p H, carbonate contents and contamination level, which should be considered for the management of contaminated soils. In this study, kitchen garden topsoils(0–25 cm) were sampled from the area around three smelters in France, with different Cd and Pb contamination levels. Effect of a phosphate amendment(a mixture of diammonium phosphate and hydroxyapatite) on the environmental availability and phytoavailability of Cd and Pb was evaluated by different chemical extractions and cultivating lettuce(Lactuca sativa L.), respectively. Changes in the distribution of Cd and Pb were found in most contaminated soils after phosphate amendment. An increase of Cd and Pb in the residual phase was highlighted in almost all carbonated contaminated soils, whereas a decrease of Pb in the exchangeable, water and acid-soluble phase was observed in most contaminated soils with the lowest carbonate contents. The concentrations of extractable Cd and Pb using calcium chloride and acetic and citric acids generally decreased after the soil amendment. Lettuces grown on amended soils were acceptable for human consumption as regard to Pb concentration. In contrast, some lettuces were unacceptable for human consumption, since the concentrations of Cd in the leaves were higher than the European legislation limit. Surprisingly, in carbonated soils with very low concentration of Cd, the Cd concentrations in lettuce reached up to the European legislation limit, making the lettuce unacceptable for human *** study highlighted the fact that the total metal concentration in soils does not always allow to predict the metal accumulation in the edible parts of vegetables in order to make a judgement about their acceptability or unacceptability for human consumption.

关键词： chemical amendment contamination immobilisation lettuce metal urban soil

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Computer-aided morphometry of liver inflammation in needle biopsies

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2005年第44期11卷 6995-7000页

作者： N Dioguardi B Franceschini C Russo F grizzi Scientific direction

AIM: To introduce a computer-aided morphometric method for quantifying the necro-inflammatory phase in liver biopsy specimens using fractal geometry and Delaunay's ***: Two-micrometer thick biopsy sections taken from 78 chronic hepatitis C virus-infected patients were immunohistochemically treated to identify the inflammatory cells. An automatic computer-aided image analysis system was used to define the inflammatory cell network defined on the basis of Delaunay's triangulation,and the inflammatory cells were geometrically classified as forming a cluster (an aggregation of a minimum of three cells) or as being irregularly distributed within the tissue. The phase of inflammatory activity was estimated using Hurst's ***: The proposed automatic method was rapid and objective. It could not only provide rigorous results expressed by scalar numbers, but also allow the state of the whole organ to be represented by Hurst's exponent with an error of no more than 12%.CONCLUSION: The availability of rigorous metrical measures and the reasonable representativeness of the status of the organ as a whole raise the question as to whether the indication for hepatic biopsy should be revised by establishing clear rules concerning the contraindications suggested by its invasiveness and subjective interpretation.

关键词： Biopsy grading Image analysis Fractal geometry Topography Delaunay

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Impact of past mining on public safety:seismicity in area of flooded abandoned coal gardanne mine,France

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2022年第6期9卷 101-111页

作者： Dalija Namjesnik Jannes Kinscher Isabelle Contrucci Emmanuelle Klein Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et Des Risques Direction Sites Et TerritoiresNancyFrance

This paper focuses on the impact of past mining on public *** emphasizes the need to understand the induced seismic hazard and consequently improve the post-mining management procedures and legislations,as many mining sites are located in proximity to populated *** to many challenges and complexity of the post-mining environments,induced seismic hazard nowadays remains largely ***,the return experience of several post-mining sites in recent decades have shown us that the mine flooding and/or degradation of mining works can lead to the stress perturbations,inducing the seismicity and the reactivation of the surrounding geological ***,it is important to advance the seismic monitor-ing and research of seismicity in flooded post-mining *** the number of mine closures worldwide is rising,it can be expected that flooding induced reactivation of the surrounding faults becomes a more often observed *** present in this paper the experience of the abandoned flooded coal mine of gardanne in France,which has been experiencing post-mining seismicity problems since its closure in *** show the results of a recent study of seismic multiplets and clustering of seismic events,as well as their spatio-temporal activity compared to meteorological *** results provide us new insights as well as lead to raising new questions on seismic sources and triggering mechanisms.

关键词： Post-mining seismicity Seismic origin Seismic hazard Multiplets Clusters

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Personal identification and missing persons initiatives in Santa Catarina state,Brazil:forensic perspectives from 2019 to 2021

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第4期7卷 590-598页

作者： Paulo Miamoto Clineu Julien Seki Uehara Forensic Anthropology Division of the Medicolegal direction(DATF-DML) Scientific Police of Santa Catarina(PCI)FlorianópolisBrazil Biochemistry Division of the Forensic Laboratory Analysis direction(DBQA-DALF) Scientific Police of Santa Catarina(PCI)FlorianópolisBrazil

Santa Catarina is a small,developed,and relatively safe state in South *** having positive social economic indicators,it still faces multiple challenges regarding forensic practices for personal *** objective of this paper is to discuss the recent advances and current challenges in the region,from the perspectives of anthropological and dental postmortem human identification,missing persons,and disaster victim identification(DVI)from 2019 to *** recent creation of a Forensic Anthropology Sector(SAF)in the state’s official forensic institution(Polícia Científica-PCI)has significantly improved identification of unidentified remains and optimised resources available for DNA ***,SAF is still quite understaffed,which negatively affects the recovery of skeletal material,its preparation,and the time needed for filing *** Catarina has passed legislation for missing persons in 2015,4 years prior to the sanction of federal laws implementing the national policy for the ***,a lack of integration between stakeholders remains a problem that PCI has tried to circumvent with the Conecta Programme,a multidisciplinary and integrated initiative between families of the missing persons,police agencies,and the Public *** programme aims to collect not only reference DNA samples,but also relevant anthropological and dental *** also offers facial progression services in cases of disappearances that occurred many years *** a history of disasters in the state,PCI still needs to implement international DVI standards at an institutional *** training on Phase 1 DVI procedures,integrated with other responding institutions,indicates better preparation for future *** are many challenges ahead for Santa Catarina’s forensic institution and professionals that have yet to be addressed,but the overall situation on routine personal identification,missing persons initiatives,and DVI has impr

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic anthropology forensic odontology missing persons Brazil

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A method to determine relevant geomechanical parameters for evaluating the hydraulic erodibility of rock

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and geotechnical Engineering 2019年第5期11卷 1004-1018页

作者： Lamine Boumaiza Ali Saeidi Marco Quirion Département des Sciences appliquées Universitédu QuébecàChicoutimiChicoutimiG7H 2B1Canada Expertise en barrages Direction Barrages et infrastructuresHydro-QuébecMontréalH2Z 1A4Canada

Among the methods used for evaluating the potential hydraulic erodibility of rock,the most common methods are those based on the correlation between the force of flowing water and the capacity of a rock to resist erosion,such as Annandale’s and Pells’*** capacity of a rock to resist erosion is evaluated based on erodibility indices that are determined from specific geomechanical parameters of a rock *** indices include unconfined compressive strength(UCS)of rock,rock block size,joint shear strength,a block’s shape and orientation relative to the direction of flow,joint openings,and the nature of the surface to be potentially ***,it is difficult to determine the relevant geomechanical parameters for evaluating the hydraulic erodibility of *** assessment of eroded unlined spillways of dams has shown that the capacity of a rock to resist erosion is not accurately *** more than 100 case studies,we develop a method to determine the relevant geomechanical parameters for evaluating the hydraulic erodibility of rock in unlined *** UCS of rock is found not to be a relevant parameter for evaluating the hydraulic erodibility of *** the other hand,we find that the use of three-dimensional(3D)block volume measurements,instead of the block size factor used in Annandale’s method,improves the rock block size ***,the parameter representing the effect of a rock block’s shape and orientation relative to the direction of flow,as considered in Pells’method,is more accurate than the parameter adopted by Annandale’s method.

关键词： Rock mass Hydraulic erodibility geomechanical parameters Rock block size Annandale’s method Pells’method Kirsten’s index Erosion level

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A simplified pneumatic model for air brake of passenger trains

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Railway Engineering Science 2023年第2期31卷 145-152页

作者： Luciano Cantone Andrea Ottati Department of Enterprise Engineering“Mario Lucertini” University of Rome Tor VergataRomeItaly Technical direction TrenitaliaFSI GroupFlorenceItaly

Braking system performance is relevant for both railway safety and network optimization. Most trains employ air brake systems;air brake systems of freight trains mostly cannot achieve a synchronous application of brake forces, which is usually customary for passenger trains. The paper generalizes a previous air brake pneumatic model to passenger trains and describes the needed modifications. Among them, the way the pressure reduces in the brake pipe is generalized. Moreover, this paper reports an analytical bi-dimensional function for calculating the nozzle diameter equivalent to the electro-pneumatic(EP) or the electronically controlled pneumatic(ECP)brake valve as a function of the wagon length and the time to vent the brake pipe locally. The numerical results of the new model are compared against several experimental tests of high-speed passenger trains of Trenitalia, namely ETR500 and ETR1000. The model is suitable to be integrated into the UIC software TrainDy, aiming to extend its computational field to passenger trains and to simulate the safety of trains during a recovery.

关键词： EP or ECP modeling Model validation TrainDy Train brake Air brake

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Dietary-suppression of hepatic lipogenic enzyme expression in intact male transgenic mice

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2013年第46期19卷 8671-8677页

作者： Maria Notarnicola Maria gabriella Caruso Angela Tafaro Valeria Tutino giusy Bianco Mario Minoia Antonio Francavilla Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry National Institute for Digestive Diseases Animal Facility National Institute for Digestive Diseases Scientific direction National Institute for Digestive Diseases

AIM:To study,in intact male transgenic mice,the effects of three diets based on olive oil and olive oil diet supplemented with lovastatin and orlistat on hepatic lipogenic enzymes expression,considered markers of cell ***:Forty ApcMin/+mice were randomly divided into 4 groups and fed for 10 wk:olive oil(OO)group,n=10 animals received a diet with olive oil 12%;olive oil plus lovastatin(LOVA)group,n=10 animals received the same diet with olive oil supplemented with lovastatin 5 mg/kg;olive oil plus orlistat(OR)group,n=10 animals fed the diet with olive oil supplemented with orlistat 50 mg/kg and SD group,n=10 animals fed a standard *** activity of lipogenic enzymes and their gene expression were evaluated by radiomet-ric and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay,***:After 10 wk of dietary treatment,the body weight was no different among animal groups(21.3±3.1 g for standard group,22.1±3.6 g for OO group,22.0±3.2 g for LOVA group and 20.7±3.4 g for OR group,data expressed as mean±SD),observing a generalized well-being in all *** the dietary managed treated groups presented significantly reduced hepatic levels of fatty acid synthase,farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase and 3-hydroxyl-3-methyl-glutaryl CoA reductase activity and gene expression when compared with the mice fed the standard *** evaluate cell proliferation in the liver of treated mice,the levels of cyclin E mRNA have been measured,demonstrating a significant reduction of cyclin E gene expression in all treated *** of reduced hepatic cell proliferation was present overall in OO group ***:We confirm the role of lipogenic enzymes as markers of cell proliferation,suggesting that appropriate dietary management alone or with drugs can be a feasible approach to counteract hepatic cell proliferation in mice.

关键词： Lipogenic enzymes Liver Markers of cell proliferation Transgenic mice Dietary treatment

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Pathogenetic and prognostic roles of bloodborne fibrocytes in asthma

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2015年第8期16卷 651-660页

作者： Sabrina MATTOLI Scientific direction and Project Management Avail Biomedical Research Institute

Bloodborne fibrocytes are cells mobilized from the bone marrow, which express surface antigens commonly ascribed to hematopoietic progenitors and have phenotypic and functional characteristics similar to those of immature mesenchymal cells. They exhibit predominant proinflammatory or profibrotic activities at tissue sites, depending on the host＇s response to environmental insults and on the characteristics of the cell infiltrate and cytokine milieu. In patients with allergic asthma, fibrocytes egress from the bone marrow and are recruited into the airways after every allergen exposure and during viral infections. Recruited fibrocytes amplify the inflammatory responses driven by T helper type 2 lymphokines and favor viral replication and further inflammation on respiratory virus infections. Persistently elevated blood fibrocyte counts and persisting airway fibrocytosis are present in patients with chronically undertreated or corticosteroid-insensitive asthma, and are linked to an enhanced risk of adverse outcomes because of the major involvement of fibrocytes in the development of structural abnormalities that lead to chronic airflow obstruction in these patients. Consequently, blood fibrocyte count is an emerging biomarker of asthma control and disease progression and its clinical applicability as a new outcome measure deserves further evaluation in large clinical trials.

关键词： Airway remodeling Asthma Biomarker Chronic inflammation Fibrocyte

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The effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on digestion and mortality in the volcano rabbit(Romerolagus diazi)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第3期14卷 520-525页

作者： Rogelio Campos-Morales germán D Mendoza Javier Ojeda Fernando X Plata José A Martínez Nutrition Area Surveillance General Direction of Zoos Mexico from City and Wildlife México Master Program in Animal and Agricultural Sciences Metropolitan Autonomous University (Xochimilco Unit)

An experiment was conducted to evaluate whether supplementation with a probiotic could enhance digestion and reduce mortality in the volcano rabbit in captivity. Two enclosures at Chapultepec Zoo, Mexico（114 individuals） were used in a crossover design（two periods of 60 days） with the following treatments： control group and supplementation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae（2×108 CFU/exhibit/day）. Supplementation with the probiotic negatively affected（P〈0.01） the digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber（NDF） and energy. Mortality increased（P〈0.04） following supplementation with the probiotic（4.26% vs. 8.89%）, primarily in the juvenile rabbits. The results indicate that yeast supplementation in the volcano rabbit negatively affects digestion and mortality in captivity.

关键词： Saccharomyces cerevisiae volcano rabbit digestibility mortality

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Evaluating organic acids as alternative leaching reagents for rare earth elements recovery from NdFeB magnets

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第4期41卷 621-631页

作者： Sahar Belfqueh Alain Seron Simon Chapron guilhem Arrachart Nourredine Menad BRgM Direction de l'Eaude l'Environnementdes Procédés et AnalysesOrleansFrance ICSM Univ.MontpellierCEACNRSENSCMMarcouleFrance

This study proposes an advanced leaching method using organic acids to recover rare earth elements(REEs)from NdFeB permanent magnets from end-of-life computers hard disk drives(HDDs).The end-oflife HDDs were first dismantled in order to recover NdFeB magnets,which were then thermally demagnetized at 350℃during 30 min before crushing in a ball mill under inert *** electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(SEM/EDS)analyses performed on the NdFeB magnets show the heterogeneous structure containing the major matric phase Nd_(2)Fe_(14)B and the REEsrich phase containing Nd and Pr ***,X-ray diffraction(XRD)and Mossbauer spectroscopy(MS)analyses on the ground NdFeB magnet show that grinding NdFeB magnets under inert atmosphere helps to minimize its *** analysis shows that the composition of the ground sample is Nd:22.8 wt%,Pr:3.3 wt%,Dy:1.2 wt%,Fe:62.6 wt%,Co:1.5 wt%,B:0.9 wt%,Ni:0.6 wt%.Diagrams of speciation and equilibrium phases(E_(h) ***)were calculated to determine the predominance of the formed species in the REEs-organic acids *** influence of the organic acid type(acetic acid,formic acid,citric acid and tartaric acid),the acid concentration(10 vol%,up to saturation),and the solid/liquid(S/L)ratio(0.5%-10%)on NdFeB magnets leaching was investigated employing an optimal experimental design conceived by the statistical software *** acid(CH_(3)COOH)shows the highest leaching performance of REEs,allowing leaching yields over 90%for Nd,Dy and Pr in the acid concentration range of 1.6-10 mol/L and the S/L ratio range of 0.5%-5%at a temperature of 60℃.The results presented in this investigation suggest that REEs can be recovered from magnets of end-of-life HDDs using an eco-friendly method assisted by organic acids.

关键词： NdFeB magnets Rare earth elements Leaching Organic acids Acetic acid

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