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Deformation history and processes during accretion of seamounts in subduction zones:The example of the Durkan Complex(Makran,SE Iran)

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第2期14卷 182-203页

作者： Edoardo Barbero Maria di Rosa Luca Pandolfi Morteza Delavari Asghar Dolati Federica Zaccarini Emilio Saccani Michele Marroni dipartimento di Fisica e scienze della Terra Universitàdi Ferrara44123 FerraraItaly Istituto di Geoscienze e Georisorse Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche(CNR)10125 TorinoItaly dipartimento di scienze della Terra Universitàdi Pisa56126 PisaItaly Istituto di Geoscienze e Georisorse Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche(CNR)56124 PisaItaly Faculty of Earth Sciences Kharazmi UniversityTehran 15719-19911Iran Department of Applied Geological Sciences and Geophysics University of Leoben8700 LeobenAustria

The Durkan Complex is a tectonic element of the Makran Accretionary Prism(SE Iran)that includes fragments of Late Cretaceous *** this paper,the results of map-to micro-scale structural studies of the western Durkan Complex are presented with the aim to describe its structural and tectonometamorphic *** Durkan Complex consists of several tectonic units bordered by mainly NNW-striking *** main deformation phases(D_(1),D_(2),and D_(3))are distinguished and likely occurred from the Late Cretaceous to the Miocene–Pliocene.D_(1) is characterized by sub-isoclinal to close and W-verging folds associated with an axial plane foliation and shear zone along the fold *** phase records the accretion of fragments of the seamount within the Makran at blueschist facies metamorphic conditions(160–300℃ and 0.6–1.2 GPa).D_(2) is characterized by open to close folds with subhorizontal axial plane that likely developed during the exhumation of previously accreted seamount *** upper Paleocene–Eocene siliciclastic succession unconformably sealed the D_(1) and D_(2) structures and is,in turn,deformed by W-verging thrust faults typical of D_(3).The latter likely testifies for a Miocene–Pliocene tectonic reworking of the accreted seamount fragments with the activation of out of sequence *** results shed light on the mechanism of accretion of seamount materials in the accretionary prisms,suggesting that seamount slope successions favour the localization and propagation of the basal dé*** study further confirms that the physiography of the subducting plates plays a significant role in the tectonic evolution of the subduction complexes.

关键词： Underplated seamount Makran Accretionary Prism Tectono-sedimentary evolution Tectono-metamorphic evolution Cretaceous Iran

Optical absorption of (Ag-Au)133(SCH3)52 bimetallic monolayer-protected clusters

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2016年第5期26卷 467-476页

作者： Alessandro Fortunelli Mauro Stener CNR-ICCOM Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche dipartimento di scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche Università di Trieste

The evolution of the optical absorption spectrum of bimetallic Ag-Au monolayer-protected clusters(MPC)obtained by progressively doping Ag into the experimentally known structure of Au133(SR)52was predicted via rigorous time-dependent density-functional theory(TDDFT) calculations. In addition to monometallic Au133(SR)52and Ag133(SR)52species, 5 different(Ag-Au)133(SCH3)52homotops were considered with varying Ag content and site positioning, and their electronic structure and optical response were analyzed in terms of Projected Density Of States(PDOS), the induced or transition electron density, and Transition Component Maps(TCM) at selected excitation energies. It was found that Ag doping led to the effects rather different from those encountered in bare metal clusters. And it was also observed that Ag doping could produce structured spectral features, especially in the 3–4 eV range but also in the optical region if Ag atoms were located in the sub-staple region, as rationalized by the accompanying electronic analysis. Additionally, Au doping into the staples of Ag-rich MPC also gave rise to a more homogeneous induced electron density. These findings show the great sensitivity of the electronic response of MPC nanoalloy systems to the exact location of the alloying sites.

关键词： Nanoalloys Gold nanomolecules Electronic excited states Homotops Transition electron density

Melt migration and melt-rock reaction in the Alpine-Apennine peridotites:Insights on mantle dynamics in extending lithosphere

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第1期11卷 151-166页

作者： Elisabetta Rampone Giulio Borghini Valentin Basch diSTAV University of GenovaCorso Europa 26I-16132 GenovaItaly dipartimento di scienze della Terra University of Milanovia Botticelli 2320133 MilanoItaly

The compositional variability of the lithospheric mantle at extensional settings is largely caused by the reactive percolation of uprising melts in the thermal boundary layer and in lithospheric *** Alpine-Apennine(A-A)ophiolites are predominantly constituted by mantle peridotites and are widely thought to represent analogs of the oceanic lithosphere formed at ocean/continent transition and slow-to ultraslow-spreading *** and geochemical studies on the A-A mantle peridotites have revealed that they preserve significant compositional and isotopic heterogeneity at variable scale,reflecting a long-lived multi-stage melt migration,intrusion and melt-rock interaction history,occurred at different lithospheric depths during progressive *** A-A mantle peridotites thus constitute a unique window on mantle dynamics and lithosphere-asthenosphere interactions in very slow spreading *** this work,we review field,microstructural and chemical-isotopic evidence on the major stages of melt percolation and melt-rock interaction recorded by the A-A peridotites and discuss their consequences in creating chemical-isotopic heterogeneities at variable scales and enhancing weakening and deformation of the extending *** will be on three most important stages:(i)old(pre-Jurassic)pyroxenite emplacement,and the significant isotopic modification induced in the host mantle by pyroxenite-derived melts,(ii)melt-peridotite interactions during Jurassic mantle exhumation,*** open-system reactive porous flow at spinel facies depths causing bulk depletion(origin of reactive harzburgites and dunites),and the shallower melt impregnation which originated plagioclase-rich peridotites and an overall mantle *** infer that migrating melts largely originated as shallow,variably depleted,melt fractions,and acquired Si-rich composition by reactive dissolution of mantle pyroxenes during upward *** melt-rock reaction processes

关键词： Mantle peridotite Pyroxenite Melt migration Melt impregnation Melt-rock reaction Alpine-Apennine ophiolites

Climatic and anthropogenic factors explain the variability of Fagus sylvatica treeline elevation in fifteen mountain groups across the Apennines

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Forest Ecosystems 2020年第1期7卷 51-63页

作者： Giuliano Bonanomi Maurizio Zotti Valentina Mogavero Gaspare Cesarano Luigi Saulino Angelo Rita Giulio Tesei Marina Allegrezza Antonio Saracino Emilia Allevato dipartimento di Agraria Universitàdi Napoli Federico Ⅱvia Università10080055 PorticiNAItaly Scuola di scienze Agrarie ForestaliAlimentari e AmbientaliUniversitàdella BasilicataViale dell’Ateneo Lucano 1085100 PotenzaItaly dipartimento di scienze Agrarie Alimentari e AmbientaliUniversitàPolitecnica delle Marchevia Brecce Bianche60100 AnconaItaly.

Background:Fagus sylvatica forms the treeline across the Apennines mountain range,with an average elevation of 1589 *** studies evidenced that the current position of the treeline in the Apennines is heavily depressed as a result of a complex interaction between climatic factors and the past human *** this study we correlated treeline elevation in the fifteen major mountain groups in the Apennines with selected climatic,geomorphological,and human disturbance variables in order to investigate in detail the site-specific features affecting the current treeline ***:Treeline elevation was lowest in the North Italy(Apuan Alps),while the highest treeline was found in Central Italy(Simbruini).An absolute maximum treeline elevation of *** exceeding *** found on 13 mountain peaks in Central and Southern ***,treeline elevation was largely lower on warmer south-facing slopes compared to northern slopes,with values several hundred meters lower in the Gran Sasso and *** the causes of this pattern are still unknown,we argue that treeline elevation on southfacing slopes may be limited by the combination of climatic constraints(*** drought)and human *** of a pervasive anthropogenic effect depressing treeline elevation was found in the North(Apuan Alps)Central(Gran Sasso,Velino-Sirente,Sibillini)and Southern part of Apennines(Pollino).By contrast,treeline elevation of the Laga,Simbruini,and Orsomarso mountain groups appears less affected by past anthropogenic ***,we recorded in the several mountain groups(***,Marsicani and Pollino)the coexistence of very depressed treelines just a few kilometers away from much higher treelines,among the highest ever recorded for ***:Finally,we argue that *** treeline across the Apennines is locally shaped both by the interaction of low temperatures experienced by the species in its earli

关键词： Anthropogenic impact Latitudinal gradient Mean annual temperature Population density Summer drought Winter temperature

Water and lysozyme： Some results from the bending and stretching vibrational modes

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Frontiers of physics 2015年第5期10卷 27-34页

作者： FrancescoMallamace Carmelo Corsaro Domenico Mallamace Cirino Vasi Nicola Cicero H. Eugene Stanley dipartimento di Fisica e scienze della Terra Universita di Messina 1-98166 Messina Italy Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA Center for Polymer Studies and Department of Physics Boston University Boston MA 02215 USA Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-IPCF Messina 1-98166 Messina Italy dipartimento di scienze dell'Ambiente della Sicurezza del Territorio degli Alimenti e della Salute Universita di Messina Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31 98166 Messina Italy

The dynamic or glass transition in biomolecules is important to their functioning. Also essential is the transition between the protein native state and the unfolding process. To better understand these transitions, we use Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to study the vibrational bending and stretching modes of hydrated lysozymes across a wide temperature range. We find that these transitions are triggered by the strong hydrogen bond coupling between the protein and hydration water. More precisely, we demonstrate that in both cases the water properties dominate the evolution of the system. We find that two characteristic temperatures are relevant： in the supercooled regime of confined water, the fragile-to-strong dynamic transition occurs at TL, and in the stable liquid phase, T＊ 315 ± 5 K characterizes the behavior of both isothermal compressibility KT（T, P） and the coefficient of thermal expansion ap（T, P）.

关键词： protein unfolding hydration water infrared spectroscopy

Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy in Italy:a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic diseases International 2014年第5期13卷 458-463页

作者： Claudio Ricci Riccardo Casadei Enrico Lazzarini Marielda D'Ambra Salvatore Buscemi Carlo Alberto Pacilio Giovanni Taffurelli Francesco Minni dipartimento di scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche (diMEC) Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna

BACKGROUND： The use of laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy（LDP） increased in the past twenty years but the real diffusion of this technique is still unknown as well as the type of centers（high or low volume） in which this procedure is more frequently *** SOURCE： A systematic review was performed to evaluate the frequency of LDP in Italy and to compare indications and results in high volume centers（HVCs） and in low volume centers（LVCs）.RESULTS： From 95 potentially relevant citations identified, only5 studies were included. A total of 125 subjects were analyzed, of whom 95（76.0%） were from HVCs and 30（24.0%） from *** mean number of LDPs performed per year was 6.5. The mean number of patients who underwent LDP per year was 8.8in HVCs and 3.0 in LVCs（P0.001）. The most frequent lesions operated on in HVCs were cystic tumors（62.1%, P0.001） while,in LVCs, solid neoplasms（76.7%, P0.001）. In HVCs, malignant neoplasms were treated with LDP less frequently than in LVCs（17.9% vs 50.0%, P〈0.001）. Splenectomy was performed for non-oncologic reason frequenter in HVCs than in LVCs（70.2%vs 25.0%, P0.004）. The length of stay was shorter in HVCs than in LVCs（7.5 vs 11.3, P0.001）. No differences were found regarding age, gender, ductal adenocarcinoma treated, operative time, conversion, morbidity, postoperative pancreatic fistula,reoperation and margin ***： LDPs were frequently performed in *** ＂HVC approach＂ is characterized by a careful selection of patients undergoing LDP. The ＂LVC approach＂ is based on the hypothesis that LDPs are equivalent both in short-term and long-term results to laparotomic approach. These data are not conclusive and they point out the need for a national register of laparoscopic pancreatectomy.

关键词： pancreatic neoplasms laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy pancreatic surgery

Evaluation of dietary addition of 2 essential oils from Achillea moschata,or their components (bornyl acetate,camphor,and eucalyptol) on in vitro ruminal fermentation and microbial community composition

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第1期7卷 224-231页

作者： Stefania Colombini Andrea Rota Graziosi Pietro Parma Marcello Iriti Sara Vitalini Chiara Sarnataro Mauro Spanghero dipartimento di scienze Agrarie e Ambientali—Produzione TerritorioAgroenergiaUniversitàDegli Studi di MilanoVia Celoria 220133 MilanoItaly dipartimento di scienze Agroalimentari Ambientali e AnimaliUniversitàDegli Studi di Udine33100 UdineItaly

This study investigated the effects of 2 Achillea moschata essential oils extracted from plants collected in 2 different valleys of the Italian Alps and 3 pure compounds of oils—bornyl acetate(BOR),camphor(CAM),and eucalyptol(EUCA)—on in vitro ruminal fermentation and *** in vitro batch fermentation experiment(Exp.1)tested the addition of all of the substances(2 essential oils and 3 compounds)in fermentation bottles(120 mL)at 48 h of incubation,whereas a subsequent in vitro continuous culture experiment(Exp.2)evaluated the pure compounds added to the fermenters(2 L)for a longer incubation period(9 d).In both experiments,total mixed rations were incubated with the additives,and samples without additives were included as the control(CTR).Each treatment was tested in duplicate and was repeated in 3 and 2 fermentation runs in Exp.1 and 2,*** production(GP)in Exp.1 was similar for all of the treatments,and short chain volatile fatty acid(SCFA)production was similar in both experiments except for a decrease of SCFA produced(P=0.029)due to EUCA addition in *** to CTR,BOR and CAM reduced the valerate proportion(P=0.04)in Exp.1,and increased(Pdition increased(P=0.012)the *** Exp.1,methane(CH4)as a proportion of the GP was lowered(P=0.004)by the addition of CAM and EUCA compared to CTR,whereas in Exp.2,EUCA reduced the amount of stoichiometrically calculated CH4 compared to ***,essential oils extracted from *** and the pure compounds did not depress in vitro rumen fermentation,except for EUCA in *** both experiments,an increase of the protozoal population occurred for all the additives.

关键词： Methane Rumen fermentation Achillea moschata Protozoa Microbiome

Mapping and ultrastructure of antennal chemosensilla of the wheat bug Eurygaster maura

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Insect Science 2009年第2期16卷 193-203页

作者： Roberto Romani Marco Valerio Rossi Stacconi dipartimento di scienze Agrarie e Ambientali Facolt& di Agraria Universit& degli Studi di Perugia Perugia Italy

Antennae of the wheat stink bug Eurygaster maura L. （Hemiptera： Scutelleridae） were investigated to elucidate structure and distribution of antennal chemosensilla in females. Five type of sensilla were identified and characterized using a scanning electron microscope （SEM） and a transmission electron microscope （TEM）. Type 1 sensilla are mechanical and contact chemoreceptors with a single apical pore. Types 2 and 3 sensilla are multiporous chemoreceptors both with typical features of olfactory sensilla. Type 4 are multiporous peg-like sensilla, short and with a grooved surface. Type 5 are sensilla coeloconica with a smooth and aporous peg completely inserted in a sub-cuticular chamber. All types are distributed on the two flagellar segments, but we considered only the apical flagellomere in which the largest number of sensilla are located. The most abundant sensilla are type 3, while the less numerous are type 5. All types, except type 2, decreased in number from the tip to the base of the segment. The lower density of sensilla was recorded on the dorsal-internal part of the apical antennomere, while the higher density was recorded on the opposite side （external-ventral）.

关键词： functional anatomy gustatory sensilla Hemiptera olfactory sensilla thermo-hygro receptors

Bone marrow derived stem cells for the treatment of end-stage liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第27期20卷 9098-9105页

作者： Cristina Margini Ranka Vukotic Lucia Brodosi Mauro Bernardi Pietro Andreone dipartimento di scienze mediche e Chirurgiche Unità Operativa di Semeiotica Medica University of Bologna

End-stage disease due to liver cirrhosis is an important cause of death worldwide. Cirrhosis results from progressive, extensive fibrosis and impaired hepatocyte regeneration. The only curative treatment is liver transplantation, but due to the several limitations of this procedure, the interest in alternative therapeutic strategies is increasing. In particular, the potential of bone marrow stem cell(BMSC) therapy in cirrhosis has been explored in different trials. In this article, we evaluate the results of 18 prospective clinical trials, and we provide a descriptive overview of recent advances in the research on hepatic regenerative medicine. The main message from the currently available data in the literature is that BMSC therapy is extremely promising in the context of liver cirrhosis. However, its application should be further explored in randomized, controlled trials with large cohorts and long follow-ups.

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Liver regeneration Hematopoietic stem cells Mesenchymal stem cells End stage liver disease