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Radioisotope production using lasers:From basic science to applications

Matter and Radiation at extremes 2024年第3期9卷 31-44页

作者： M.R.D.Rodrigues A.Bonasera M.Scisciò J.A.Pérez-Hernández M.ehret F.Filippi P.L.Andreoli M.Huault H.Larreur D.Singappuli D.Molloy D.Raffestin M.Alonzo G.G.Rapisarda D.Lattuada G.L.Guardo C.Verona Fe.Consoli G.Petringa A.McNamee M.La Cognata S.Palmerini T.Carriere M.Cipriani G.di Giorgio G.Cristofari R.De Angelis G.A.P.Cirrone D.Margarone L.Giuffrida D.Batani P.Nicolai K.Batani R.Lera L.Volpe D.Giulietti S.Agarwal M.Krupka S.Singh Fa.Consoli Cyclotron Institute Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77840USA Laboratori Nazionali del Sud Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare(LNS-INFN)CataniaItaly eNeA Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety and Security Department-CFrascatiItaly Centro de Láseres Pulsados(clpu) VillamayorSpain Universidad de Salamanca SalamancaSpain Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications(CeLIA) Universitéde BordeauxCNRSCEATalenceFrance HB11 energy Holdings Pty FreshwaterNew South WalesAustralia School of Mathematics and Physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUnited Kingdom dipartimento di fisica e astronomia“e.majorana ”Università di CataniaCataniaItaly Facoltàdi Ingegneria e Architettura Universitàdegli Studi di Enna“Kore”EnnaItaly dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale Universitàdi Roma“Tor Vergata”RomaItaly dipartimento di fisica e Geologia Universitàdegli Studi di PerugiaPerugiaItaly Istituto Nazionale di fisica Nucleare Sezione di PerugiaPerugiaItaly eLI Beamlines Facility the Extreme Light Infrastructure ERICDolni BrezanyCzech Republic eTSIA Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain dipartimento fisica “E.Fermi”Universitàdi Pisa and INFNPisaItaly FZU–Institute of Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic Institute of Plasma Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic

The discovery of chirped pulse amplification has led to great improvements in laser technology,enabling energetic laser beams to be compressed to pulse durations of tens of femtoseconds and focused to a few *** with energies of tens of MeV can be accelerated using,for instance,target normal sheath acceleration and focused on secondary *** such conditions,nuclear reactions can occur,with the production of radioisotopes suitable for medical *** use of high-repetition lasers to produce such isotopes is competitive with conventional methods mostly based on *** this paper,we study the production of^(67)Cu,^(63)Zn,^(18)F,and^(11)C,which are currently used in positron emission tomography and other *** the same time,we study the reactions^(10)B(p,α)^(7)Be and^(70)Zn(p,4n)^(67)Ga to put further constraints on the proton distributions at different angles,as well as the reaction^(11)B(p,α)^(8)Be relevant for energy *** experiment was performed at the 1 PW laser facility at VegaⅢin Salamanca,*** distributions of radioisotopes in the forward(with respect to the laser direction)and backward directions were measured using a high purity germanium *** results are in reasonable agreement with numerical estimates obtained following the approach of Kimura and Bonasera[*** ***.,Sect.A 637,164–170(2011)].

关键词： purity estimates backward

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Short-term solar eruptive activity prediction models based on machine learning approaches: A review

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Science China earth Sciences 2024年

作者： Xin HUANG Zhongrui ZHAO Yufeng ZHONG Long XU Marianna B.KORSóS R.eRDéLYI Faculty of electrical engineering and Computer Science Ningbo University State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Cellular exploration Science and Technology Center dipartimento di fisica e astronomia “ettore majorana” Università di Catania Department of Astronomy E?tv?s Loránd University Hungarian Solar Physics Foundation Solar Physics & Space Plasma Research Center (SP2RC) School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sheffield

Solar eruptive activities, mainly including solar flares, coronal mass ejections (CMe), and solar proton events (SPe),have an important impact on space weather and our technosphere. The short-term solar eruptive activity prediction is an active field of research in the space weather prediction. Numerical, statistical, and machine learning methods are proposed to build prediction models of the solar eruptive activities. With the development of space-based and ground-based facilities, a large amount of observational data of the Sun is accumulated, and data-driven prediction models of solar eruptive activities have made a significant progress. In this review, we briefly introduce the machine learning algorithms applied in solar eruptive activity prediction, summarize the prediction modeling process, overview the progress made in the field of solar eruptive activity prediction model, and look forward to the possible directions in the future.

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Light correcting light with nonlinear optics

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第2期6卷 41-49页

作者： Sachleen Singh Bereneice Sephton Wagner Tavares Buono Vincenzo D'Ambrosio Thomas Konrad Andrew Forbes University of the Witwatersrand School of Physics Università degli studi di Napoli “Federico Ⅱ” Dipartimento di Fisica “E.Pancini” University of Kwa Zulu-Natal School of Chemistry and Physics

Structured light, where complex optical fields are tailored in all their degrees of freedom, has become highly topical of late, advanced by a sophisticated toolkit comprising both linear and nonlinear *** undesired structure from light is far less developed, leveraging mostly on inverting the distortion,e.g., with adaptive optics or the inverse transmission matrix of a complex channel, both requiring that the distortion be fully characterized through appropriate measurement. We show that distortions in spatially structured light can be corrected through difference-frequency generation in a nonlinear crystal without any need for the distortion to be known. We demonstrate the versatility of our approach using a wide range of aberrations and structured light modes, including higher-order orbital angular momentum(OAM) beams,showing excellent recovery of the original undistorted field. To highlight the efficacy of this process, we deploy the system in a prepare-and-measure communications link with OAM, showing minimal cross talk even when the transmission channel is highly aberrated, and outline how the approach could be extended to alternative experimental modalities and nonlinear processes. Our demonstration of light-correcting light without the need for measurement opens an approach to measurement-free error correction for classical and quantum structured light, with direct applications in imaging, sensing, and communication.

关键词： phase conjugation aberration correction orbital angular momentum nonlinear optics

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Incoherent non-Hermitian skin effect in photonic quantum walks

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第5期13卷 885-893页

作者： Stefano Longhi dipartimento di fisica Politecnico di MilanoPiazza L.da Vinci 32I-20133 MilanoItaly IFISC(UIB-CSIC) Instituto de Fisica Interdisciplinar y Sistemas ComplejosE-07122 Palma de MallorcaSpain

The non-Hermitian skin effect describes the concentration of an extensive number of eigenstates near the boundaries of certain dissipative *** phenomenon has raised a huge interest in different areas of physics,including photonics,deeply expanding our understanding of non-Hermitian systems and opening up new avenues in both fundamental and applied aspects of topological *** skin effect has been associated to a nontrivial pointgap spectral topology and has been experimentally demonstrated in a variety of synthetic matter systems,including photonic *** most of physical models exhibiting the non-Hermitian skin effect full or partial wave coherence is generally *** we push the concept of skin effect into the fully incoherent regime and show that rather generally(but not universally)the non-Hermitian skin effect persists under dephasing *** results are illustrated by considering incoherent light dynamics in non-Hermitian photonic quantum walks.

关键词： dynamics. quantum effect

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ARBITRARILY HIGH-ORDeR eNeRGY-CONSeRVING MeTHODS FOR HAMILTONIAN PROBLeMS WITH QUADRATIC HOLONOMIC CONSTRAINTS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2024年第4期42卷 1145-1171页

作者： Pierluigi Amodio Luigi Brugnano Gianluca Frasca-Caccia Felice Iavernaro dipartimento di Matematica Università di BariItaly dipartimento di Matematica e Informatica"U.dini" Università di FirenzeItaly dipartimento di Matematica Università di SalernoItaly

In this paper,we define arbitrarily high-order energy-conserving methods for Hamilto-nian systems with quadratic holonomic *** derivation of the methods is made within the so-called line integral *** tests to illustra... 详细信息

关键词： Constrained Hamiltonian systems Quadratic holonomic constraints energy-conserving methods Line integral methods Hamiltonian Boundary Value Methods HB-VMs

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emerging γ-soft-like spectrum in 196Pt in the SU3-IBM（Ⅰ）

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第9期 154-167页

作者：王涛何秉承周春晓李东康 Lorenzo Fortunato College of Physics Tonghua Normal University Physics division Argonne National Laboratory College of Mathematics and Physics Science Hunan University of Arts and Science dipartimento di fisica e astronomia “G.Galilei”-Università di Padova INFN-Sez.di Padova

Recently,studies have argued that a spherical-like spectrum emerges in the SU3-IBM,thus creating new approaches to understanding y-softness in realistic *** a previous study,γ-softness with degeneracy of the ground and quasi-y bands was *** this paper,another special point connected to the middle degenerate point is *** is found to be related to the properties *** emergent γ-softness is also shown to be important for understanding the prolate-oblate asymmetric shape phase *** low-lying spectra,B（e2）values,and quadrupole moments in196Pt are discussed,and we show that the new model can account for several observed *** is the first part of the discussion on the γ-soft-like spectrum of196Pt.

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Interpreting siliciclastic sedimentation in the upper Paleozoic Mulargia-escalaplano Basin(Sardinia, Italy):influence of tectonics on provenance

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第1期13卷 18-34页

作者： Luca G.Costamagna Sara Criniti dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche Citadella UniversitariaBlocco A09042 Monserrato CAItaly dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Ambiente Universita della Calabria87036 Arcavacata di Rende CSItaly

Late to post-Variscan molassic basins of Late Pennsylvanian-Permian age are exposed in Sardinia(Italy). Here, the compositional and stratigraphic evolution of the Mulargia-escalaplano sedimentary basin(central Sardinia) has been investigated to highlight how the tectono-magmatic processes have influenced the sedimentation. Ruditic and arenitic samples were collected along well-characterized stratigraphic sections to provide a new insight into the impact of the tectono-magmatic processes on siliciclastic sedimentation. As a result, the conglomerates are mainly clast-supported, petromictic, and thus immature, with no defined maturity trend upwards. Nevertheless, pebble composition changes in times from Variscan basement pebble-rich to volcanic rock-rich, as a consequence of the basin widening and the dismantling and reworking of the coeval volcanic activity. The sandstone composition clearly changes from quartzolithic to feldspatholithic upwards, as a response to the same change of feeding and reworking of the volcanic rocks. Occasionally, interbedded quartzolithic arenites suggest exceptional floods carrying debris from the far borders of the basin. Also, the immature sandstone composition has been interpreted as being controlled by a continuous supply of fresh debris and to a rapid burial rate. In addition, the disappearance of metaradiolarite(lydite AA) Paleozoic grains in the sandstone mineral suite could represent a distinctive marker of a progressive unroofing of the Variscan chain and a clastic supply from deeper tectonic units.

关键词： Petrography Stratigraphy Provenance Molassic basins Sardinia

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Statistical analysis of physico-mechanical parameters of sandstones occurring in orogenic settings

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第4期21卷 1388-1402页

作者： PAPPALARDO Giovanna CARBONe Serafina MONACO Carmelo ZOCCO Giordana MINeO Simone dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche Geologiche E AmbientaliUniversitàDegli Studi Di CataniaCorso Italia 5795129 CataniaItaly

In northeastern Sicily(Italy),sandstone rock masses widely crop out as cover deposits over crystalline terrains belonging to the orogenic *** being part of the same geological formation,these sandstones are characterized by highly different features in terms of texture and physico-mechanical *** poses a scientific question on the possibility of tracing these rocks to a single statistical model,which could be representative of their main engineering geological ***,it is worth investigating on the possible reasons of such differences,that should be searched either in the current geographical sandstone distribution or in the rock *** this study,sandstone samples were collected from different sites and were analyzed at both the hand and thin section *** sandstone types were recognized,characterized by a different ***,the laboratory characterization allowed estimating their main physico-mechanical and ultrasonic properties,such as porosity,density,mechanical strength,deformability,and ultrasonic *** rock mechanical strength proved linked to the rock compactness and to the presence of lithic fragments,while pores and a pseudo-matrix between grains represent weakening *** data were also statistically analyzed by grouping the specimens according to a geographical criterion,with respect to their sampling area,but no link was found between location and rock ***,with the aim of achieving mathematical laws that could be used to predict some rock properties from others,useful for practical purposes when dealing with such a high property variability,single and multiple regression analyses were carried *** show that the Uniaxial Compressive Strength,porosity,and P-wave velocity are the best predictors for a quick,indirect estimation of the main physico-mechanical *** methodological approach developed for this research can be taken as reference to study other world

关键词： Sandstone Laboratory test Uniaxial Compressive Strength Porosity Rocks

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MIS 5e sea surface temperature estimation;a multi-proxy approach using a marine macrofossil assemblage(Mar Piccolo,Gulf of Taranto,Southern Italy)

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第2期13卷 327-350页

作者： Pierluigi Santagati edoardo Perri Maria Pia Bernasconi Mario Borrelli Salvatore Guerrieri Salvatore Critelli dipartimento di Biologia Ecologia e Scienze della TerraUniversita della Calabriavia Pietro Bucci87036 Arcavacata di RendeCosenzaItaly dipartimento di Ingegneria Ambientale Universita della Calabriavia Pietro Bucci87036 Arcavacata di RendeCosenzaItaly

It is reported a multi-proxy palaeoclimatic study conducted on a MIS 5e calcarenite from the Mar Piccolo Basin(MP),Gulf of Taranto(GT)(Central Mediterranean).The calcarenite returned a rich malacofauna consisting of 120 extant species,including four of the tropical Senegalese Fauna,today absent in the *** biogeographic-climatic affinity of the assemblage shows,compared to today,a double percentage of warm affinity species,while the cold affinity species are nearly equally represented,indicating a warmer but not strictly tropical *** is confirmed by the most recurring preferred SST ranges of the assemblage,indicating an average of 20℃.The skeletal compositions of five well-preserved molluscan and coral specimens were analyzed for trace elements and stable isotopes for further mean SST *** the comparison of the results of several equations available in literature,it appears that only some SST estimations are realistic,converging into similar values of,on average,20.8±0.9℃.Considering all the used proxies,the MIS 5e SST difference compared to today falls in the range 1.2—2.0℃for the GT(being a more reasonable scenario)and 2.0—2.8℃for the *** is not a firmly tropical-like SST setting as suggested by the sole Senegalese fauna,indicating at least 2.7℃—3.5℃more than today’s GT and MP,*** approximations and assumptions made for obtaining SST values with any single proxy indicate the need of a multi-proxy approach to define the best SST estimation.

关键词： MiS 5e Sea surface temperature Palaeoclimate proxy Fossil fauna Gulf of Taranto

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Polarization Study of Swift J151857.0–572147 with IXPe Observation

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第9期24卷 62-67页

作者： Yu-Shan Ling Fei Xie Ming-Yu Ge Fabio La Monaca Guangxi Key Laboratory for Relativistic Astrophysics School of Physical Science and Technology Guangxi University Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences INAF Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali dipartimento di fisica Università degli Studi di Roma “Tor Vergata” dipartimento di fisica Università degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza”

We present an analysis of the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry explorer observation from a newly discovered transient source: Swift J151857.0–572147. The obtained polarization degree(PD) and angle are 0.3% ± 0.3% and-24° ± 26° respectively in 2–8 keV within 68% confidence level errors, and polarization results are below MDP99in all energy bins, with the upper limit on PD of 0.8% in the 2–8 keV energy range. No quasi-periodic oscillations(QPOs) are detected in this observation. The polarization and QPO analyses support the hypothesis that the source was in the high soft state, and the results are consistent with predictions for a thin accretion disk model.

关键词： stars: black holes polarization X-rays: bursts X-RAY-POLARIZATION THIN ACCReTION diSK BLACK-HOLe MODeL

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