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Expression pattern analysis of odorant-binding proteins in the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum

Insect Science 2015年第2期22卷 220-234页

作者： Filomena De Biasio Lea Riviello Daniele Bruno Annalisa Grimaldi Terenzio Congiu Yu Feng Sun Patrizia Falabella dipartimento di scienze Universit& della Basilicata via dell' Ateneo Lucano 10 85100 Potenza dipartimento di Biotecnologie e scienze della Vita Universita dell'lnsubria via J. H. Dunant 3 21100 dipartimento di scienze Chirurgiche e Morfologiche Universita dell'Insubriavia Monte Generoso 321100Varese Italy Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences institute of Plant Protection Beijing China

Odorant-binding proteins （OBPs） are soluble proteins mediating chemorecep- tion in insects. In previous research, we investigated the molecular mechanisms adopted by aphids to detect the alarm pheromone （E）-fl-farnesene and we found that the recogni- tion of this and structurally related molecules is mediated by OBP3 and OBP7. Here, we show the differential expression patterns of 5 selected OBPs （OBP 1, OBP3, OBP6, OBPT, OBPS） obtained performing quantitative RT-PCR and immunolocalization experiments in different body parts of adults and in the 5 developmental instars, including winged and unwinged morphs, of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum. The results provide an overall picture that allows us to speculate on the relationship between the differential expression of OBPs and their putative function. The expression of OBP3, OBP6, and OBP7 in the antennal sensilla suggests a ehemosensory fimction for these proteins, whereas the con- stant expression level of OBP8 in all instars could suggest a conserved role. Moreover, OBP1 and OBP3 are also expressed in nonsensory organs. A light and scanning electron microscopy study of sensilla on different body parts of aphid, in particular antennae, legs, mouthparts, and coruicles-cauda, completes this research providing a guide to facilitate the mapping of OBP expression profiles.

关键词： aphids chemosensilla immunohistochemistry microscopy odorant-binding protein (OBP)

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Vibration suppression of speed-controlled robots with nonlinear control

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2016年第2期11卷 204-212页

作者： Paolo BOSCARIOL Alessandro GASPARETTO dipartimento Politecnico di Ingegneria e Architettura (DPIA) University of Udine Via delle Scienze 206 Udine 33100 Italy

In this paper, a simple nonlinear control strategy for the simultaneous position tracking and vibration damping of robots is presented. The control is developed for devices actuated by speed-controlled servo drives. The conditions for the asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system are derived by ensuring its passivity. The capability of achieving improved trajectory tracking and vibration suppression is shown through experimental tests conducted on a three-axis Cartesian robot. The control is aimed to be compatible with most industrial applications given the simplicity of implementation, the reduced computational requirements, and the use of joint position as the only measured signal.

关键词： industrial robot nonlinear control vibrationdamping model-free control motion control

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Gravitational and elastic energies stored in crustal volumes activate normal versus strike-slip and thrust seismogenic faults

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第6期15卷 194-206页

作者： Carlo Doglioni dipartimento scienze della Terra Sapienza UniversityRomeItaly Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia RomeItaly

Shallow crustal faults are passive features mobilized by the dissipation of the potential energy and the shear stress accumulated in the brittle volume surrounding ***,the stored energy in the volume differs from the tectonic setting,i.e.,it is mainly gravitational in extensional tectonic settings,whereas it is elastic in strike-slip and contractional tectonic *** extensional settings,below about 1 km,the horizontal tensile stress is overwhelmed by the confining pressure of the lithostatic load,and it becomes positive,***,there is no horizontal tension in extensional tectonic settings and the pro-gravity motion of the crustal volume is provided by the lithostatic load,which is the vertical maximum principal *** elastic energy is rather accumulated by the maximum horizontal principal stresses,i.e.,iso-gravity in transcurrent settings and counter-gravity in contractional tectonic *** different relation with the gravitational force in the different tectonic settings generates several relevant differences in the three main tectonic *** extensional tectonic settings,both in continental and oceanic rift zones generate normal fault-related earthquakes,i.e.,pro-gravity movements,or *** differ from the other tectonic setting because are marked by(i)lower energy and lower differential stress to activate faults with respect to strike-slip and contractional tectonics;(ii)lower maximum earthquake magnitude;(iii)a larger number of low magnitude earthquakes in extensional settings because the crust moves downward as soon as it can move,whereas contractional settings require larger accumulation of energy to move counter-gravity;(iv)consequently,the b-value of the Gutenberg-Richter is higher than 1 and the aftershocks are more numerous and last longer in extensional settings;(v)the downward motion of the hangingwall determines more diffuse cataclastic deformation with respect to the other tectonic s

关键词： Pro-gravity tectonics Iso-gravity tectonics Counter-gravity tectonics Graviquake Elastoquake

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The“genetic erosion”of the soil ecosystem

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2013年第1期1卷 11-18页

作者： Giuseppe Lo Papa Vanessa Palermo Carmelo Dazzi dipartimento di scienze Agrarie e Forestali University of PalermoItaly

This paper takes into consideration the influence of human activities on the loss of pedodiversity in a Mediterranean area due to large scale *** particular it examines the quantitative and qualitative soil changes in a period of 53 years(from 1955 to 2008)evaluating the loss of soil diversity at soil subgroups level of the USDA Soil Taxonomy *** following indices were used:richness;Shannon’s diversity index;Simpson diversity index;Shannon’s evenness index;Simpson’s evenness *** this case study,considering what we observed in time,the human intervention in soil transformation could increase the diversity in the landscape in an initial phase,but forwarding by large scale farming the result is a huge loss of pedodiversity in time,as diversity indices remarkably have *** analysis enabled identification of disappeared soil types,with their unique history of *** our opinion this strongly reflects a sort of“genetic erosion”of the soil types,resulting in a substantial weakening of the whole pedo-ecosystem.

关键词： Pedodiversity Anthropogenic soil Soil genetic erosion

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Synthesis, Properties and Potential Applications of Porous Graphene: A Review

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Nano-Micro Letters 2013年第4期5卷 260-273页

作者： Paola Russo Anming Hu Giuseppe Compagnini Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering University of Waterloo dipartimento di scienze Chimiche Università degli Studi di Catania Institute of Laser Technology Beijing University of Technology

Since the discovery of graphene, many efforts have been done to modify the graphene structure for integrating this novel material to nanoelectronics, fuel cells, energy storage devices and in many other applications. This leads to the production of different types of graphene-based materials, which possess properties different from those of pure graphene. Porous graphene is an example of this type of materials. It can be considered as a graphene sheet with some holes/pores within the atomic plane. Due to its spongy structure, porous graphene can have potential applications as membranes for molecular sieving, energy storage components and in nanoelectronics. In this review, we present the recent progress in the synthesis of porous graphene. The properties and the potential applications of this new material are also discussed.

关键词： Graphene Porous graphene Gas separation Energy storage

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Tectonically asymmetric Earth:From net rotation to polarized westward drift of the lithosphere

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Geoscience Frontiers 2015年第3期6卷 401-418页

作者： Carlo Doglioni Eugenio Carminati Mattia Crespi Marco Cuffaro Mattia Penati Federica Riguzzi dipartimento di scienze della Terra Sapienza Universita di Roma diTS-Area di Geodesia e Geomatica Sapienza Universita di Roma Istituto di Geologia Ambientale e Geoingegneria CNR MOX-dipartimento di Matematica Politecnico di Milano Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Sez.CNTRomeItaly

The possibility of a net rotation of the lithosphere with respect to the mantle is generally overlooked since it depends on the adopted mantle reference frames, which are arbitrary. We review the geological and geophysical signatures of plate boundaries, and show that they are markedly asymmetric worldwide. Then we compare available reference frames of plate motions relative to the mantle and discuss which is at best able to fit global tectonic data. different assumptions about the depths of hotspot sources （below or within the asthenosphere, which decouples the lithosphere from the deep mantle） predict different rates of net rotation of the lithosphere relative to the mantle. The widely used no-net-rotation （NNR） reference frame, and low （〈0.2°-0.4°/Ma） net rotation rates （deep hotspots source） predict an average net rotation in which some plates move eastward relative to the mantle （e.g., Nazca）. With fast （〉1°/Ma） net rotation （shallow hotspots source）, all plates, albeit at different velocity, move westerly along a curved trajectory, with a tectonic equator tilted about 30° relative to the geographic equator. This is consistent with the observed global tectonic asymmetries.

关键词： Asymmetric plate tectonics Plate motions Westward drift Mantle convection

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Summary of Italian marine stages of the Quaternary

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Episodes 2008年第2期31卷 251-254页

作者： Maria Bianca Cita Universita di Milano Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra ＂Ardito Desio＂via Mangiagalli 34 20133 Milano Italy.

Eight marine stages for the Quaternary have been defined in Italy starting from 1872 （Sicilian of Doderlein） to 1979 （Selinuntian of Ruggieri and Sprovieri）. The definition of all these stages was based essentially on invertebrate paleontology, initially from the study of pelecypods and gastropods, but also of corals, ostracods, benthic foraminifers and, more recently, on planktonic foraminifers and calcareous nannofossils. The 1948 International Geological Congress held in London decided to search for a locality in Italy to define the Neogene/Quaternary boundary in correspondence with the first appearance of the ＂northern guests＂ in the Mediterranean. The Vrica section of Calabria was selected for defining the GSSP of the Pleistocene in 1984.

关键词：地球第四纪地质时代意大利航海业

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Petrography of Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous sandstones in the Kutch Basin,western India:Implications on provenance and basin evolution

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2018年第3期7卷 239-252页

作者： Angana Chaudhuri Santanu Banerjee Emilia Le Pera Department of Earth Sciences Indian Institute of Technology Bombay dipartimento di Biologia Ecologia e Scienze della Terra University della

This paper investigates the provenance of Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous sediments in the Kutch Basin, western India, on the basis of mineralogical investigations of sandstones composition （Quartz-Feldspar-Lithic （QFL） fragment）, Zircon-Tourmaline-Rutile （ZTR） index, and mineral chemistry of heavy detrital minerals of the framework. The study also examines the compositional variation of the sandstone in relation to the evolution of the Kutch Basin, which originated as a rift basin during the Late Triassic and evolved into a passive margin basin by the end Cretaceous. This study analyzes sandstone samples of Jhumara, Jhuran and Bhuj Formations of Middle Jurassic, Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous, respectively, in the Kutch Mainland. Sandstones record a compositional evolution from arkosic to subarkosic as the feldspar content decreases from 68% in the Jhumara Formation to 27% in the Bhuj Formation with intermediate values in the Jhuran Formation. The QFL modal composition indicates basement uplifted and transitional continental settings at source. Heavy mineral content of these sandstones reveals the occurrence of zircon, tourmaline, rutile, garnet, apatite, monazite and opaque minerals. Sub-rounded to well-rounded zircon grains indicate a polycyclic origin. ZTR indices for samples in Jhumara, Jhuran and Bhuj Formations are 25%, 30% and 50% respectively. Chemistry of opaque minerals reveals the occurrence of detrital varieties such as ilmenite, rutile, hematite/magnetite and pyrite, in a decreasing order of abundances. Chemistry of ilmenites in the Jhumara Formation reveals its derivation from dual felsic igneous and metabasic source, while those in Jhuran and Bhuj Formations indicate a metabasic derivation. Chemistry of garnet reveals predominantly Fe-rich （almandine） variety of metabasic origin. X-ray microscopic study provides the percentage of heavy minerals ranging from 3% to 5.260. QFL detrital modes reflect the evolution of the basin from an active rif

关键词： Siliciclastic provenance Tectonic setting Heavy minerals Mineral chemistry X-ray microscopy Mesozoic,Kutch Basin

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Generation and disruption of Subducted Lithosphere in the Central-Western Mediterranean Region and Time-Space distribution of Magmatic Activity Since the Late Miocene

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International Journal of Geosciences 2022年第9期13卷 830-854页

作者： Enzo Mantovani Marcello Viti Caterina Tamburelli Daniele Babbucci dipartimento di scienze fisiche Della Terra e dell’Ambiente Università di Siena Siena Italy

The long migration of the Balearic Arc (Alpine-Apennine and Alpine-Maghrebian belts) in the Early-Middle Miocene caused the formation of a subducted lithospheric edifice in the western and central Mediterranean regions. Then, since the Late Miocene, this slab was almost completely disrupted, only maintaining a narrow and deformed remnant beneath the southernmost Tyrrhenian basin. This work describes a tentative reconstruction of the tectonic processes that caused the formation of major tears and breakoffs in the original slabs and the consequent disruption of the subducted lithosphere. In particular, it is suggested that this relatively fast process was produced by the collision between the Anatolian-Aegean system and the continental Adriatic domain, which triggered a number of extrusion processes. Possible connections between the proposed tectonic evolution and the spatio-temporal distribution and geochemical signatures of magmatic activity are then discussed. It is supposed that such activity has been mainly conditioned by the occurrence of transtensional tectonics in the wake of escaping orogenic wedges.

关键词： Deep Tectonics Slab Tears and Slab Breakoffs Magmatism Central-Western Mediterranean

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Synthesis of Fine Chemicals by the Conjugate Addition of Nitroalkanes to Electrophilic Alkenes

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复旦学报（自然科学版） 2005年第5期44卷 629-630页

作者： R. Ballini G. Bosica D. Fiorini A. Palmieri dipartimento di scienze Chimiche dell'Università di Camerino Via S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino ItalyDipartimento di Scienze Chimiche dell'Università di CamerinoVia S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino ItalyDipartimento di Scienze Chimiche dell'Università di CamerinoVia S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino ItalyDipartimento di Scienze Chimiche dell'Università di CamerinoVia S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Italy

It is well known the ability of primary and secondary nitroalkanes to generate carbanions (under basic conditions) strongly stabilized by the electron-withdrawing effect of the nitro group[1-4]. Thus, the main use of nitroalkanes is devoted to the generation of new carbon-carbon bonds through two principal approaches (Scheme 1): (i) reaction with carbonyl derivatives (nitroaldol-Henry-reaction), and (ii) Michael addition to electron poor alkenes.

关键词：化学变化合成工艺有机物亲电子稀烃

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