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Selective logging enhances ecosystem multifunctionality via increase of functional diversity in a Pinus yunnanensis forest in Southwest China

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forest ecosystems 2020年第4期7卷 733-745页

作者： Xiaobo Huang Shuaifeng Li Jianrong Su research Institute of Resources Insects Chinese Academy of ForestryKunming 650224China Pu’er forest ecosystem research station National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationKunming 650224China

Background:The impacts of selective logging on ecosystem multifunctionality(EMF)remain largely *** this study,we analyzed the response of nine variables related to four ecosystem functions(*** cycling,soil carbon stocks,decomposition,and wood production)to five selective logging intensities in a Pinus yunnanensisdominated *** included a control group with no harvest to evaluate the potential shifts in EMF of the *** *** also assessed the relationship between above-and belowground biodiversity and EMF under these different selective logging ***,we evaluated the effects of biotic and abiotic factors on EMF using a structural equation modeling(SEM)***:Individual ecosystem functions(EFs)all had a significant positive correlation with selective logging *** EFs showed different patterns with the increase of selective logging *** found that EMF tended to increase with logging intensity,and that EMF significantly improved when the stand was harvested at least *** functional diversity and soil moisture had a significant positive correlation with EMF,but soil fungal operational taxonomic units(OTUs)had a significant negative correlation with *** on SEM,we found that selective logging improved EMF mainly by increasing functional ***:Our study demonstrates that selective logging is a good management technique from an EMF perspective,and thus provide us with potential guidelines to improve forest management in *** forests in this *** functional diversity is maximized through reasonable selective logging measures,so as to enhance EMF.

关键词： Biodiversity ecosystem multifunctionality Functional traits Pinus yunnanensis Soil enzymatic activity Structural equation modeling

Gully internal erosion triggered by a prolonged heavy rainfall event in the tableland region of China's Loess Plateau

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International Soil and Water Conservation research 2023年第4期11卷 610-621页

作者： Jiaxi Wang Yan Zhang Kunheng Li Ziqing Zhang Chang Chen College of Soil and Water Conservation Beijing forestry University Beijing 100083China forest ecosystem Studies National Observation and Research StationJixianShanxi 042200China

Gully erosion is a severe form of soil erosion,but gully internal erosion processes are poorly understood,especially at the event *** investigate gully internal erosion intensity and understand the related gully development mechanism in an agricultural environment with gully head stabilization and vege-tation restoration efforts,two successive field investigations were carried out just before and after a prolonged rainfall event in 2021 in the tableland region of China's Loess *** gullies were investigated and all experienced gully internal erosion,while most gully boundaries were stable during the heavy rainfall event based on the comparison of the UAV digital orthograph maps(DOMs acquired with Unmanned Aerial Vehicle)before and after the rainfall *** proportion of gully internal erosion area to gully internal area of the 13 investigated gullies ranged from 3 to 55%,with average areal erosion proportion of the gully sidewall and gully bed of 21%and 36%,*** erosion area of subdrainage units(SDUs)on the gully sidewall was positively correlated to the SDU area,average SDU slope gradient and vegetation type,while the erosion area on the gully bed was positively correlated to the gully area,gully depth and gully bed slope *** internal erosion was not significantly correlated with gully drainage area because the connectivity between the upslope and gully areas was interrupted and the effective drainage area of the gully was obviously reduced by soil erosion conser-vation measures,including terraces on the upslope drainage area,shrub belts,and water ***,gully internal erosion is still active under the heavy rainfall storm against the background of the'Grain for Green'and'Gully Stabilization and Tableland Protection'programs,and integrated measures for preventing both gully expansion and gully internal erosion must be further enhanced in the context of climate change.

关键词： Gully erosion Mass movement Heavy storm Loess Soil andwater conservation measures

Retention of harvest residues promotes the accumulation of topsoil organic carbon by increasing particulate organic carbon in a Chinese fir plantation

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forest ecosystems 2024年第5期11卷 720-727页

作者： Jiamin Yang Ke Huang Xin Guan Weidong Zhang Renshan Li Longchi Chen Silong Wang Qingpeng Yang Huitong Experimental station of forest Ecology CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and ManagementInstitute of Applied EcologyShenyang110016China Huitong National research station of forest ecosystem Hunan Key Laboratory for Structure and Ecosystem Service of Subtropical ForestHuaihua418307China Life Science Department Luoyang Normal UniversityLuoyang471934China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing101408China

Background As commonly used harvest residue management practices in subtropical plantations,stem only harvesting(SOH)and whole tree harvesting(WTH)are expected to affect soil organic carbon(SOC)***,knowledge on how SOC and its fractions(POC:particulate organic carbon;MAOC:mineral-associated organic carbon)respond to different harvest residue managements is *** In this study,a randomized block experiment containing SOH and WTH was conducted in a Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata)*** effect of harvest residue management on SOC and its fractions in topsoil(0–10cm)and subsoil(20–40cm)was *** inputs(harvest residue retaining mass and fine root biomass)and microbial and mineral properties were also *** The responses of SOC and its fractions to different harvest residue managements varied with soil ***,SOH enhanced the content of SOC and POC in topsoil with increases of 15.9%and 29.8%,respectively,compared with ***,SOH had no significant effects on MAOC in topsoil and SOC and its fractions in *** results indicated that the increase in POC induced by the retention of harvest residue was the primary contributor to SOC accumulation,especially in *** harvest residue managements affected SOC and its fractions through different pathways in topsoil and *** plant inputs(the increase in fine root biomass induced by SOH)exerted a principal role in the SOC accumulation in topsoil,whereas mineral and microbial properties played a more important role in regulating SOC dynamics than plants inputs in *** The retention of harvest residues can promote SOC accumulation by increasing POC,and is thus suggested as an effective technology to enhance the soil carbon sink for mitigating climate change in plantation management.

关键词： Chinese fir plantation Soil organic carbon Particulate organic carbon Mineral-associated organic carbon Harvest residue management

Natural recovery of different areas of a deserted quarry in South China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第4期20卷 476-481页

作者： DUAN Wenjun REN Hai FU Shenglei WANG Jun YANG Long ZHANG Jinping Heshan National Field research station of forest ecosystem South China Botanical Garden the Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 China Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China

A quarry is a surface mining operated place, which produces enormous quantifies of gravel, limestone, and other materials for industrial and construction applications. Restoration and revegetation of deserted quarries are becoming increasingly important. Three areas of a typical quarry in South China： terrace for crushed materials （terrace）, spoiled mound, and remaining side slope, were investigated, to compare the existing plant species and to study the relationship between environmental factors and revegetation. The plant species composition of these three areas was found to differ significantly after eight years of natural recovery. The typical plant communities found over them were composed of gramineous herbs, ferns, and shrubs. Soil organic matter, soil moisture, and soil bulk density were considered to be the major determining factors for vegetation succession. There existed abiotic and biotic thresholds during quarrying restoration. Suggestions had been presented that could have accelerated the process of natural recovery in quarries.

关键词： natural recovery quarry vegetation environment-vegetation relationships

Uncharted effects of Fukushima Nuclear Plant Wastewater Discharge on marine life

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2024年第3期17卷 1-4页

作者： Xiaoqi Zhou Zhejiang Tiantong forest ecosystem National Observation and research station School of Ecological and Environmental SciencesEastChina Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China

INTRODUCTION On 24 August 2023,the Japanese government insisted on initiating the discharge of Fukushima nuclearcontaminated water into the sea,causing widespread global concerns regarding marine biological safety,seafood and marine resources(TEPCO 2023).Although the Japanese government has consistently emphasized that the nuclear wastewater has been treated using an Advanced Liquid Processing System(ALPS),resulting in very low concentrations of various nuclear elements,and that the International Atomic Energy Agency(IAEA)has conducted real-time monitoring of the treatment process and discharge fow(IAEA 2023),people around the world still harbor signifcant *** are a few reasons for this ongoing apprehension.

关键词： initiating harbor wastewater

Seasonal variations in the influence of vegetation cover on soil water on the loess hillslope

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第9期17卷 2148-2160页

作者： SHEN Ming-shuang ZHANG Jian-jun ZHANG Shou-hong ZHANG Hai-bo SUN Ruo-xiu ZHANG Yi-zhou School of Soil and Water Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China National station for forest ecosystem research in Ji County Ji County 042200Shanxi ProvinceChina

Soil water is the key factor that restricts the restoration of the local ecological systems in the Loess Plateau of *** the effects of vegetation types on soil water and its seasonal variation helps to understand hydrological characteristics and provides insights into the sustainable restoration of ***,the Caijiachuan watershed was chosen as the research object to investigate the water status of a 0-10 m soil layer under different vegetation types including Pinus tabulaeformis,Robinia pseudoacacia,Platycladus orientalis,apple orchard,natural forestland,farmland and *** comparing the difference between soil water of different land use types and that of grassland during the same period,the seasonal changes of soil water status of different types were *** results show that(1)in the 0-10 m soil layer,the largest value of soil water content was in the0.3-0.4 m layer,and the lowest was in the 5.6-5.8 m *** depths at which the vegetation cover influenced the soil water were up to 10 m;(2)among summer,fall and spring,the soil water storage wasthe highest in the *** addition,the lowest value of relative accumulation was in the fall,which was the period in which the soil water recovered;(3)the soil water in the 0-10 m layer was in a relatively deficient state in the artificial forestlands,apple orchards and native forestlands,while the relative accumulation was in the *** addition,the relative deep soil layers(8-10 m)had more serious deficits in the areas in which ***,*** and the apple orchard grew;(4)during the study period,the farmland in the summer had the largest relative accumulation(182.71 mm),and the land under *** in the fall had the lowest relative deficit(512.20 mm).In the Loess Plateau,vegetation cover will affect the change of deep soil moisture and artificial forest will cause soil water loss in different degrees.

关键词： Seasonal variation Soil water Vegetation cover Hillslope Loess Plateau

Stability of soil organic carbon changes in successive rotations of Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamb.) Hook) plantations

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第3期21卷 352-359页

作者： ZHANG Jian WANG Silong FENG Zongwei WANG Qingkui Huitong Experimental station of forest Ecology Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China Department of Systems Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Huitong National research station of forest ecosystem Huitong 418307 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China

The importance of soil organic carbon （SOC） under forests in the global carbon cycle depends on the stability of the soil carbon and its availability to soil microbial biomass. We investigated the effects of successive rotations of Chinese fir （Cunninghamia lanceolata （Lamb.） Hook） plantations on the stability of SOC and its availability to microbes by adopting the two-step hydrolysis with H2SO4 and density fractionation. The results showed that successive rotations of Chinese fir decreased the quantity of total SOC, recalcitrant fraction, and carbohydrates in Labile Pool I （LPI）, and microbial properties evidently, especially at 0-10 cm horizon. However, cellulose included in Labile Pool Ⅱ （LP Ⅱ） and the cellulose/total carbohydrates ratio increased in successive rotations of Chinese fir. The noncellulose of carbohydrates included in LPI maybe highly available to soil microbial biomass. Hence the availability of SOC to microbial biomass declined over the successive rotations. Although there was no significant change in recalcitrance of SOC over the successive rotations of Chinese fir, the percentage of heavy fraction to total SOC increased, suggesting that the degree of physical protection for SOC increased and SOC became more stable over the successive rotations. The degradation of SOC quality in successive rotation soils may be attributed to worse environmental conditions resulted from disturbance that related to ＂slash and burn＂ site preparation. Being highly correlated with soil microbial properties, the cellulose/total carbohydrates ratio as an effective indicator of changes in availability of SOC to microbial biomass brought by management practices in forest soils.

关键词： Chinese fir plantation forest soils organic carbon microbial property biochemical quality density fractionation

Response of ecosystem Respiration to Experimental Warming and Clipping at Daily Time Scale in an Alpine Meadow of Tibet

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Journal of Mountain Science 2013年第3期10卷 455-463页

作者： FU Gang SHEN Zhen-xi ZHANG Xian-zhou YU Cheng-qun ZHOU Yu-ting LI Yun-long YANG Peng-wan Lhasa Plateau ecosystem research station Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and ModelingInstitute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The alpine meadow, as one of the typical vegetation types on the Tibetan Plateau, is one of the most sensitive terrestrial ecosystems to climate warming. However, how climate warming affects the carbon cycling of the alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau is not very dear. A field experiment under controlled experimental warming and clipping conditions was conducted in an alpine meadow on the Northern Tibetan Plateau since July 2008. Open top chambers （0TCs） were used to simulate climate warming. The main objective of this study was to examine the responses of ecosystem respiration （Reco） and its temperature sensitivity to experimental warming and clipping at daily time scale. Therefore, we measured Reco once or twice a month from July to September in 2010, from June to September in 2011 and from August to September in 2012. Air temperature dominated daily variation of Reco whether or not experimental warming and clipping were present. Air temperature was exponentially correlated with Reco and it could significantly explain 58-96% variation of Redo at daily time scale. Experimental warming and clipping decreased daily mean Reco by 5.8-37.7% and -11.9-23.0%, respectively, although not all these changes were significant. Experimental warming tended to decrease the temperature sensitivity of Reco, whereas clipping tended to increase the temperature sensitivity of Reco at daily time scale. Our findings suggest that Reco wasmainly controlled by air temperature and may acclimate to climate warming due to its lower temperature sensitivity under experimental warming at daily time scale.

关键词： Acclimation Air temperature Open topchamber Temperature sensitivity Respirationquotient ( Q10)

Does white-tailed deer density affect tree stocking in forests of the Eastern United States?

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Ecological Processes 2019年第1期8卷 371-382页

作者： Brice B.Hanberry Marc D.Abrams USDA forest Service Rocky Mountain Research StationRapid CitySD 57702USA Department of ecosystem Science and Management Pennsylvania State University307 Forest Resources BldgUniversity ParkPA16802USA

Background:White-tailed deer(Odocoileus virginianus)have increased during the past century in the *** deer densities may reduce tree regeneration,leading to forests that are understocked,where growing space is not filled completely by *** deer pressure,a major transition in eastern forests has resulted in increased tree ***:To reconcile conflicting trends,we applied generalized linear mixed models to compare deer densities during 1982 and then 1996 to tree stocking after about 30 years and 15 years of potential reductions of small trees by deer,for the entire eastern US and 11 ecological *** also compiled deer browse preferences and compared preferred browse with trends in tree species composition from historical(1620–1900)and current tree ***:The forested area of the eastern US,including a prairie ecological province,was equally well-stocked(52%)and understocked(48%)during 2011–2017 tree *** 1982 deer densities,38%of area had deer densities>5.8 deer/km2 and for 1996,66%of area had deer densities>5.8 deer/*** densities and tree stocking were not related significantly for the entire eastern *** may reduce tree stocking in the Laurentian Mixed forest;however,this province had both lower deer densities and greater tree stocking than other ***,major tree species trends did not match tree browse ***:Rather than too few trees,too many trees is an ecological problem where historical open oak and pine forests had herbaceous understories,and currently,trees have captured growing *** attribute other drivers than deer to explain this transition.

关键词： Driver Fire Herbivory Open forests Transition Tree density