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Westerlies Affecting the Seasonal Variation of Water Vapor Transport over the Tibetan Plateau Induced by Tropical Cyclones in the Bay of Bengal

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第5期41卷 881-893页

作者： Xiaoli ZHOU Wen ZHOU Dongxiao WANG Qiang XIE Lei YANG Qihua PENG Key Laboratory of Polar Atmosphere-ocean-ice System for Weather and Climate Ministry of Education&Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences&Institute of Atmospheric SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China School of Marine Sciences Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering Chinese Academic SciencesSanya 572000China State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academic ScienceGuangzhou 510301China Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCalifornia 92093USA

This study investigates the activity of tropical cyclones(TCs)in the Bay of Bengal(BOB)from 1979 to 2018 to discover the mechanism affecting the contribution rate to the meridional moisture budget anomaly(MMBA)over the southern boundary of the Tibetan Plateau(SBTP).May and October–December are the bimodal phases of BOB TC frequency,which decreases month by month from October to December and is relatively low in ***,the contribution rate to the MMBA is the highest in *** seasonal variation in the meridional position of the westerlies is the key factor affecting the contribution *** relatively southern(northern)position of the westerlies in November and December(May)results in a lower(higher)contribution rate to the *** mechanism is confirmed by the momentum *** water vapor enters the westerlies near the trough line,the resultant meridional acceleration is directed *** follows that the farther north the trough is,and the farther north the water vapor can be *** water vapor enters the westerlies from the area near the ridge line,for Type-T(Type-R)TCs,water vapor enters the westerlies downstream of the trough(ridge).Consequently,the direction of the resultant meridional acceleration is directed south and the resultant zonal acceleration is directed east(west),which is not conducive to the northward transport of water *** is especially the case if the trough or ridge is relatively south,as the water vapor may not cross the SBTP.

关键词： tropical cyclone Tibetan Plateau Bay of Bengal moisture budget weste

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Generalized megaviscera of lupus:Refractory intestinal pseudo-obstruction,ureterohydronephrosis and megacholedochus

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第28期15卷 3555-3559页

作者： Frederick D Park Jeffrey K Lee Ganga D Madduri Pradipta Ghosh Department of Medicine University of California San Diego San Diego California 92103 United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of California San Diego San Diego California92103 United States

Dilated dysfunction involving multiple visceral organs has been reported in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus （SLE）. Chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction （CIPO） resulting from intestinal smooth muscle damage has presented in conjunction with ureterohydronephrosis and, more rarely, biliary dilatation （megacholedochus）. While the molecular pathogenesis is largely unknown, observed histopathologic features include widespread myositis, myocyte necrosis in the intestinal muscularis propria with subsequent atrophy and fibrosis, preserved myenteric innervations and little vasculitis. High dose immunosuppression usually results in resolution of symptoms with recovery of smooth muscle function, indicative of an autoimmune etiology. We report a patient with SLE who presented with intestinal pseudo-obstruction, ureterohydronephrosis and megacholedochus, and present images that illustrate megaviscera simultaneously involving all 3 visceral organs. Since the co-manifestation of all 3 is unusual and has been reported only once previously, we have termed this rare clinical syndrome generalized megaviscera of lupus （GML）. Although the SLE disease-activity parameters responded to aggressive immunomodulative therapy in our patient, clinical evidence of peristaltic dysfunction persisted in all involved viscera. This is a variation from the favorable outcomes reported previously in SLE patients with GML and we attribute this poor clinical outcome to disease severity and, most importantly, delayed clinical presentation. Since inflammation followed by atrophy and fibrosis are key aspects in the pathogenesis and natural history of GML, the poor response in our patient who presented late in the clinical course may be the result of ＇burnt out＇ inflammation with irreversible end-stage fibrosis. Thus, early recognition and timely initiation of treatment may be the key to recover visceral peristaltic function in patients with GML.

关键词： Systemic lupus erythematosus Intestinalpseudo-obstruction Biliary tract diseases Hydroureter Hydronephrosis Smooth muscle Autoimmune myositis

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Reconstruction of Postinfarcted Cardiac Functions Through Injection of Tanshinone ⅡA@Reactive Oxygen Species-Sensitive Microspheres Encapsulated in a Thermoreversible Hydrogel

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第2期7卷 187-199页

作者： Ling Yu Yubin Liang Lei Gao Peipei Chen Zhiqiang Yu Minzhou Zhang Aleksander Hinek Shuai Mao Second Clinical College Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510120China Department of Critical Care Medicine Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510120China Guangdong Provincial Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Cardiology Guangzhou 510120China Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences University of California San DiegoLa JollaCalifornia 92093USA Department of Laboratory Medicine Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer ResearchAffiliated Dongguan HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityDongguan 523018China Translational Medicine Hospital for Sick ChildrenToronto M5G 0A4Canada

Myocardial damage resulting from acute myocardial infarction often leads to progressive heart failure and sudden death,highlighting the urgent clinical need for effective ***,tanshinoneⅡA has been identified as a promising therapeutic agent for myocardial ***,efficient delivery remains a major issue that limits clinical *** address this problem,an injectable thermosensitive poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid)-block-poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid)gel(PLGA-PEG-PLGA)system encapsulating tanshinoneⅡA-loaded reactive oxygen species-sensitive microspheres(Gel-MS/tanshinoneⅡA)has been designed and synthesized in this *** thermosensitive hydrogel exhibits good mechanical properties after reaching body *** initially immobilized by the gel exhibit excellent reactive oxygen species-triggered release properties in a high-reactive oxygen species environment after myocardial infarction *** a result,encapsulated tanshinoneⅡA is effectively released into the infarcted myocardium,where it exerts local anti-pyroptotic and anti-inflammatory ***,the combined advantages of this technique contribute to the mitigation of left ventricular remodeling and the restoration of cardiac function following tanshinoneⅡ***,this novel,precision-guided intra-tissue therapeutic system allows for customized local release of tanshinoneⅡA,presenting a promising alternative treatment strategy aimed at inducing beneficial ventricular remodeling in the post-infarct heart.

关键词： myocardial infarction ROS-sensitive polymer tanshinoneⅡA thermoreversible hydrogel ventricular remodeling

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Deformation nanomechanics and dislocation quantification at the atomic scale in nanocrystalline magnesium

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2020年第4期8卷 1296-1303页

作者： Md.Shahrier Hasan Rachell Lee Wenwu Xu Department of Mechanical Engineering San Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA 92182United States

Classical molecular dynamics(MD)simulation method is employed to study the uniaxial tensile deformation of nanocrystalline magnesium(Mg)of varying grain size *** mean grain size of the sample is varied from 6.4 nm to 45 nm,with each sample containing about 43 million atoms in the modeling *** deformation nanomechanics reveals two distinct deformation *** larger grain-sized samples,dislocation dominated deformation is observed while,in smaller grain-sized samples,grain boundary-based mechanisms such as grain boundary sliding,grain boundary rotation are *** transition of normal and inverse Hall-Petch relation occurs at around *** density quantification shows that the dislocation density in the sample drastically reduces with decreasing grain *** modulus of nanocrystalline Mg with mean grain size above 20 nm remains comparable to that of the coarse-grained polycrystalline bulk,followed by a rapid reduction below that grain *** present work reveals the nanomechanics of nanocrystalline Mg,facilitating the design and development of Mg-based nanostructured alloys with superior mechanical properties.

关键词： Nanomechanics Dislocation Molecular dynamics Nanocrystalline Magnesium

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Autonomous Charging of Electric Vehicle Fleets to Enhance Renewable Generation Dispatchability

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2022年第3期8卷 669-681页

作者： Reza Bayani Saeed D.Manshadi Guangyi Liu Yawei Wang Renchang Dai San diego State University San DiegoCA92182USA GEIRI North America San JoseCA95134USA

A total of 19%of generation capacity in California is offered by PV units and over some months,more than 10%of this energy is *** this research,a novel approach to reducing renewable generation curtailment and increasing system flexibility by means of electric vehicles'charging coordination is *** presented problem is a sequential decision making process,and is solved by a fitted Q-iteration algorithm which unlike other reinforcement learning methods,needs fewer episodes of *** case studies are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed *** cases include aggregator load following,ramp service and utilization of non-deterministic PV *** results suggest that through this framework,EVs successfully learn how to adjust their charging schedule in stochastic scenarios where their trip times,as well as solar power generation are unknown beforehand.

关键词： Reinforcement learning electric vehicle curtailment reduction dispatchability scheduling

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Efficient MAC Protocols for Brain Computer Interface Applications

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第10期69卷 589-605页

作者： Shams Al Ajrawi Ramesh Rao Mahasweta Sarkar Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering San Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCAUSA Department of Electrical Engineering University of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCAUSA

Brain computer interface(BCI)systems permit individuals with motor disorders to utilize their thoughts as a mean to control external *** is a promising interdisciplinary field that gained the attention of many ***,the development of BCI systems is facing several challenges,such as network *** Medium Access Control(MAC)Protocol is the bottle-neck of network *** are many MAC protocols that can be utilized for dependable transmission in BCI applications by altering their control ***,modifying these parameters is another source of concern due to the scarcity in knowledge about the effect of ***,there is still no instrument that can receive and actualize these parameters on transmitters embedded inside the *** this paper,we propose two novel MAC protocols using passive UHF-RFID,the proposed protocols provide efficient and reliable communication between the transmitters and the *** UHF-RFID transmitters were used because they are energy efficient which makes them compatible with BCI *** first protocol is designed for the EEG *** the second protocol was designed for the ECoG *** evaluation results showed the validity of the proposed protocols in terms of network *** results also proved that the protocols are suitable and reliable for designing efficient BCI applications.

关键词： Brain-computer interface MAC protocol UHF-RFID TDMA FDMA CSMA

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Fluorescence-guided hepatobiliary surgery with long and short wavelength fluorophores

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2020年第5期9卷 615-639页

作者： Thinzar M.Lwin Robert M.Hoffman Michael Bouvet Department of Surgery University of California San DiegoSan DiegoCAUSA AntiCancer Inc.San DiegoCAUSA VA San diego Healthcare System San DiegoCAUSA

Importance:Fluorescence-guided surgery(FGS)is a potentially powerful tool for hepatobiliary(HPB)*** high sensitivity of fluorescence navigation is especially useful in settings where tactile feedback is ***:The present narrative review evaluates literature on the use of FDA-approved fluorophores such as methylene blue(MB),5-aminolevulinic acid(5-ALA),and indocyanine green(ICG)for clinical intra-operative image-guidance during HPB *** Review:Approaches such as dosing,timing,imaging devices and comparative endpoints are *** feasibility and safety of fluorophores in visualizing the biliary tree,identify biliary leaks,outline anatomic hepatic segments,identify tumors,and evaluate perfusion and graft function in liver transplants are ***:Tumor-specific probes are a promising advancement in FGS with a greater degree of *** current status of tumor-specific probes being evaluated in clinical trials are *** and Relevance for Reviews:Relevant discussion of promising tumor-specific probes in pre-clinical development are ***-guidance in HPB surgery is relatively new,but current literature shows that the dyes are reliably able to outline desired structures with a variety of dosing,timing,and imaging devices to provide real-time intra-operative anatomic information to *** of tumor-specific probes will further advance the field of HPB surgery especially during oncologic resections.

关键词： Fluorescence-guided surgery(FGS) methylene blue(MB) 5-aminolevulinic acid(5-ALA) indocyanine green(ICG) hepatobiliary surgery(HPB surgery) tumor-specific probes near-infrared fluorescence(NIR fluorescence)

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Gastric adenocarcinoma inducing portal hypertension:A rare presentation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第6期13卷 960-963页

作者： Pradipta Ghosh Katsumi Miyai Mario Chojkier Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of California San Diego San diego California United States Department of Pathology University of California San Diego San diego California United States Veterans Affairs Medical Center Cancer Center University of California San Diego California United States

Advanced gastric cancer usually presents with symptoms due to direct extension into adjacent viscera, distant metastases from lymphatic or hematogenic dissemination and peritoneal seeding. However, portal hypertension as a presentation of metastatic gastric cancer is rare and usually seen in association with other malignancies, e.g. hepatocellular and pancreatic carcinoma. We report a case of signet ring adenocarcinoma of the stomach that presented with esophageal and duodenal varices and bleeding due to portal hypertensive gastropathy. Pagetoid spread of cancer cells likely caused early metastasis and the unusual presentation. We also discussed the pathophysiology of development of portal hypertension in association with malignancies.

关键词： Advanced Gastric adenocarcinoma Signet ring Portal hypertension

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SARS-CoV-2 aberrantly elevates mitochondrial bioenergetics to induce robust virus propagation

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第6期9卷 2702-2715页

作者： Hye Jin Shin Wooseong Lee Keun Bon Ku Gun Young Yoon Hyun-Woo Moon Chonsaeng Kim Mi-Hwa Kim Yoon-Sun Yi Sangmi Jun Bum-Tae Kim Jong-Won Oh Aleem Siddiqui Seong-Jun Kim Department of Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection Korea Research Institute of Chemical TechnologyDaejeon 34114Republic of Korea Gyeongnam Biohealth Research Center Gyeongnam Branch InstituteKorea Institute of ToxicologyJinju 52834Republic of Korea Center for Research Equipment Korea Basic Science InstituteCheongjuChungcheongbuk-do 28119Republic of Korea Department of Biotechnology Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea Division of Infectious Diseases School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Present address:Department of Microbiology Chungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeon 35015Republic of Korea

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)is a‘highly transmissible respiratory pathogen,leading to severe multiorgan ***,knowledge regarding SARS-CoV-2-induced cellular alterations is *** this study,we report that SARSCoV-2 aberrantly elevates mitochondrial bioenergetics and activates the EGFR-mediated cell survival signal cascade during the early stage of viral ***-CoV-2 causes an increase in mitochondrial transmembrane potential via the SARS-CoV-2 RNAnucleocapsid cluster,thereby abnormally promoting mitochondrial elongation and the OXPHOS process,followed by enhancing ATP ***,SARS-CoV-2 activates the EGFR signal cascade and subsequently induces mitochondrial EGFR trafficking,contributing to abnormal OXPHOS process and viral *** EGFR inhibitors remarkably reduce SARS-CoV-2 propagation,among which vandetanib exhibits the highest antiviral *** of SARS-CoV-2-infected cells with vandetanib decreases SARS-CoV-2-induced EGFR trafficking to the mitochondria and restores SARS-CoV-2-induced aberrant elevation in OXPHOS process and ATP generation,thereby resulting in the reduction of SARS-CoV-2 ***,oral administration of vandetanib to SARS-CoV-2-infected hACE2 transgenic mice reduces SARS-CoV-2 propagation in lung tissue and mitigates SARS-CoV-2-induced lung *** also exhibits potent antiviral activity against various SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern,including alpha,beta,delta and omicron,in in vitro cell culture *** together,our findings provide novel insight into SARS-CoV-2-induced alterations in mitochondrial dynamics and EGFR trafficking during the early stage of viral infection and their roles in robust SARS-CoV-2 propagation,suggesting that EGFR is an attractive host target for combating COVID-19.

关键词： alterations aberrant thereby

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Nonlinear dynamics investigation of contact force in a cam–follower system using the Lyapunov exponent parameter,power spectrum analysis,and Poincarémaps

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International Journal of Mechanical System Dynamics 2022年第2期2卷 214-230页

作者： Louay S.Yousuf Department of Mechanical Engineering San Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA

The aim of this article is to detect the detachment between the cam and the follower using the largest Lyapunov exponent parameter,the power density function of fast Fourier transform,and Poinarémaps due to the nonlinear dynamics phenomenon of the *** detachment between the cam and the follower was investigated for different cam speeds and different internal distances of the follower guide from *** study focuses on the use of the cam–follower system with a bionic quadruped robot through a linkage *** absorber(spring–damper–mass)systems at the very end of the follower were used to improve the dynamic performance and to reduce the detachment between the cam and the *** SolidWorks program was used in the numerical solution,while a high‐speed camera at the foreground of the OPTOTRAK 30/20 equipment was used to identify the follower *** friction and impact were considered between the cam and the follower and between the follower and its *** general,when the cam and the follower are in permanent contact,there is no loss in potential energy,and no impact or *** detachment between the cam and the follower increases with increasing coefficient of restitution in the presence of the impact.

关键词： nonlinear dynamics Lyapunov exponent non‐periodic motion contact force

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