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Electrochemical Realization of 3D Interconnected MoS_(3)/PPy Nanowire Frameworks as Sulfur-Equivalent Cathode Materials for Li-S Batteries

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第2期7卷 9-17页

作者： Hongtao Yu Andreas Siebert Shilin Mei Raul Garcia-Diez Roberto Félix Ting Quan Yaolin Xu Johannes Frisch Regan G.Wilks Marcus Bär Chun Pei Yan Lu Department for Electrochemical Energy Storage Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH(HZB)Hahn-Meitner Platz 114109 BerlinGermany Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering School of Civil EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhenGuangdong 518060China Department of Interface Design HZBAlbert-Einstein-Str.1512489 BerlinGermany Energy Materials In-Situ Laboratory Berlin(EMIL) Albert-Einstein-Str.1512489 BerlinGermany Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy(HI ERN) Albert-Einstein-Str.1512489 BerlinGermany Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstr.391058Erlangen Germany Institute of Chemistry University of Potsdam14467Potsdam Germany

The development of freestanding and binder-free electrode is an effective approach to perform the inherent capacity of active materials and promote the mechanism study by minimizing the interference from ***,we construct a freestanding cathode composed of MoS_(3)/PPy nanowires(NWs)deposited on porous nickel foam(NF)(MoS_(3)/PPy/NF)through electrochemical methods,which can work efficiently as sulfur-equivalent cathode material for Li-S *** structural stability of the MoS_(3)/PPy/NF cathode is greatly enhanced due to its significant tolerance to the volume expansion of MoS_(3)during the lithiation process,which we ascribe to the flexible 3D framework of PPy NWs,leading to superior cycling performance compared to the bulk-MoS_(3)/NF *** the interference of binder and carbon additives,the evolution of the chemical and electronic structure of Mo and S species during the discharge/charge was studied by X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy(XANES).The formation of lithium polysulfides was excluded as the driving cathode reaction mechanism,suggesting the great potential of MoS_(3)as a promising sulfur-equivalent cathode material to evade the shuttle effect for Li-S *** present study successfully demonstrates the importance of structural design of freestanding electrode enhancing the cycling performances and revealing the corresponding mechanisms.

关键词： 3D-Network electrochemical lithium-sulfur battery MoS_(3) PPy

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A threefold approach to rescue the 2030 Agenda from failing

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National Science Review 2023年第7期10卷 13-15页

作者： Prajal Pradhan Bauhaus Earth gmbh potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK) Member of the Leibniz Association

Countries are not on track to meet the2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development [1] that calls for transformative changes to shift the world onto a sustainable and resilient *** 2030Agenda comprises 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and 169 targets to be achieved by 2030,balancing the three sustainability dimensions—social,economic,and *** far,SDGs have had a limited transforma-tive impact [2] because of their selective implementation without considering their complex *** interact positively (***) or negatively(***-offs) depending on contextand location-specific *** to meet SDGs will negatively affect the lives of billions of people and worsen socioeconomic and environmental crises.

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Characterization and modeling of the temperature-dependent thermal conductivity in sintered porous silicon-aluminum nanomaterials

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Nano Research 2022年第6期15卷 5663-5670页

作者： Danny Kojda Tommy Hofmann Natalia Gostkowska-Lekner Klaus Habicht Department Dynamics and Transport in Quantum Materials Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbHBerlin D-14109Germany Institute of Physics and Astronomy University of PotsdamPotsdam D-14476Germany

Nanostructured silicon and silicon-aluminum compounds are synthesized by a novel synthesis strategy based on spark plasma sintering(SPS)of silicon nanopowder,mesoporous silicon(pSi),and aluminum *** interplay of metal-assisted crystallization and inherent porosity is exploited to largely suppress thermal *** and temperaturedependent thermal conductivity studies allow us to elucidate the impact of porosity and nanostructure on the macroscopic heat *** electron microscopy along with quantitative image analysis is applied to characterize the sample morphology in terms of domain size and interpore distance *** demonstrate that nanostructured domains and high porosity can be maintained in densified mesoporous silicon *** contrast,strong grain growth is observed for sintered nanopowders under similar sintering *** observe that aluminum agglomerations induce local grain growth,while aluminum diffusion is observed in porous silicon and dispersed nanoparticles.A detailed analysis of the measured thermal conductivity between 300 and 773 K allows us to distinguish the effect of reduced thermal conductivity caused by porosity from the reduction induced by phonon scattering at nanosized *** a modified Landauer/Lundstrom approach the relative thermal conductivity and the scattering length are *** relative thermal conductivity confirms the applicability of Kirkpatrick’s effective medium *** extracted scattering lengths are in excellent agreement with the harmonic mean of log-normal distributed domain sizes and the interpore distances combined by Matthiessen’s rule.

关键词： thermal conductivity mesoporous silicon porosity spark plasma sintering nanoscale modeling

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Distributed polymer optical fiber sensors:a review and outlook

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Photonics Research 2021年第9期9卷 1719-1733页

作者： YOSUKE MIZUNO ANTREAS THEODOSIOU KYRIACOS KALLI SASCHA LIEHR HEEYOUNG LEE KENTARO NAKAMURA Faculty of Engineering Yokohama National UniversityYokohama 240-8501Japan Photonics and Optical Sensors Research Laboratory Cyprus University of TechnologyLimassol 3036Cyprus digos potsdam gmbh TelegrafenbergPotsdam 14473Germany College of Engineering Shibaura Institute of TechnologyTokyo 135-8548Japan Institute of Innovative Research Tokyo Institute of TechnologyYokohama 226-8503Japan

Aging degradation and seismic damage of civil infrastructures have become a serious issue for society,and one promising technology for monitoring their conditions is optical fiber *** optical fibers have been predominantly used for the past several decades to develop fiber sensors,but currently polymer or plastic optical fibers(POFs)have also been used extensively to develop advanced fiber sensors because of their unique features,such as high flexibility,large breakage strain,and impact *** review focuses on recently developed distributed and quasi-distributed POF-based sensing techniques based on Rayleigh scattering,Brillouin scattering,and fiber Bragg gratings.

关键词： fiber optical scattering

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Modelling fracture propagation and failure in a rock pillar under mechanical and thermal loadings

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2013年第1期5卷 73-83页

作者： Mikael Rinne Baotang Shen Tobias Backers Fracom Ltd. Kirkkonummi Finland CSIRO Earth Science and Resource Engineering Brisbane Australia Geomecon gmbh Potsdam Germany

The Aspoe Pillar Stability Experiment （APSE） was conducted to study the rock mass response in a heated rock pillar between two large boreholes. This paper summarizes the back calculations of the APSE using a two-dimensional （2D） fracture propagation code FRACOD. To be able to model all the loading phases of the APSE, including the thermal loading, the code was improved in several ways. A sequential excavation function was developed to model promptly the stepwise changing loading geometry. Prior to the mod- elling, short-term compressive strength test models were set up aiming to reproduce the stress-strain behaviour observed for the Aspoe diorite in laboratory. These models simulate both the axial and lateral strains of radial-controlled laboratory tests, The volumetric strain was calculated from the simulations and compared with the laboratory results, The pillar models include vertical and horizontal 2D models from where the stress in the pillar wall was investigated, The vertical model assesses the stability of the experimental rock volume and suggests the resultant stress below the tunnel floor in the pillar area. The horizontal model considers cross-sections of the pillar between the two large boreholes. The horizon- tal model is used to simulate the evolution of the stress in the rock mass during the excavation of the boreholes and during and the heating phase to give an estimation of the spalling strength. The modelling results suggest that the excavation-induced stresses will cause slight fracturing in the pillar walls, if the strength of the APSE pillar is set to about 123 MPa. Fracture propagation driven by thermal loading leads to minor spalling. The thermal evolution, elastic behaviour and brittle failure observed in the experiment are well reflected by the models.

关键词： Fracture propagationCoupled thermo-mechanical (TM) loadsPillar failure

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Mapping theArabidopsis Metabolic Landscape by Untargeted Metabolomics at Different Environmental Conditions

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Molecular Plant 2018年第1期11卷 118-134页

作者： Si Wu Takayuki Tohge Alvaro Cuadros-lnostroza Hao Tong Hezi Tenenboim Rik Kooke Michael Meret Joost B. Keurentjes Zoran Nikoloski Alisdair R. Fernie Lothar Willmitzer Yariv Brotman 1 Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany MetaSysX gmbh Am Muhlenberg 11 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany Laboratory of Genetics Wageningen University Droevendaalsesteeg 1 6708 PB Wageningen the Netherlands Department of Life Sciences Ben Gurion University of the Negev Beersheva Israel

Metabolic genome-wide association studies （mGWAS）, whereupon metabolite levels are regarded as traits, can help unravel the genetic basis of metabolic networks. A total of 309Arabidopsis accessions were grown under two independent environmental conditions （control and stress） and subjected to untargeted LC-MS- based metabolomic profiling; levels of the obtained hydrophilic metabolites were used in GWAS. Our two- condition-based GWAS for more than 3000 semi-polar metabolites resulted in the detection of 123 highly resolved metabolite quantitative trait loci （p ≤ 1.0E-08）, 24.39% of which were environment-specific. Interestingly, differently from natural variation in Arabidopsis primary metabolites, which tends to be controlled by a large number of small-effect loci, we found several major large-effect loci alongside a vast number of small-effect loci controlling variation of secondary metabolites. The two-condition-based GWAS was fol- lowed by integration with network-derived metabolite-transcript correlations using a time-course stress experiment. Through this integrative approach, we selected 70 key candidate associations between struc- tural genes and metabolites, and experimentally validated eight novel associations, two of them showing differential genetic regulation in the two environments studied. We demonstrate the power of combining large-scale untargeted metabolomics-based GWAS with time-course-derived networks both performed under different ablotic environments for identifying metabollte-gene associations, providing novel global insights into the metabolic landscape of Arabidopsis.

关键词： untargeted metabolomics GWAS network analysis different environments secondary metabolism

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Combined approach of poroelastic and earthquake nucleation applied to the reservoir-induced seismic activity in the Val d’Agri area,Italy

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2020年第4期12卷 802-810页

作者： Antonio P.Rinaldi Luigi Improta Sebastian Hainzl Flaminia Catalli Luca Urpi Stefan Wiemer Swiss Seismological Service ETHZurichSwitzerland Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia INGVRomeItaly Deutsches GeoForshung e Zentrum GFZPotsdamGermany RatePAY gmbh BerlinGermany

In this work,an approach is developed to study the seismicity associated with the impoundment and level changes of a water reservoir(reservoir induced seismicity e RIS).The proposed methodology features a combination of a semi-analytical poroelastic model with an earthquake nucleation approach based on rate-and-state frictional *** combined approach was applied to the case of the Pertusillo Lake,located in the Val d’Agri area(Italy),whose large seasonal water level changes are believed to induce protracted micro-seismicity(local magnitude ML<3).Results show that the lake impoundment in 1962 could have produced up to 0.5 bar(1 bar=100 kPa)changes in Coulomb failure stress(DCFS),while the seasonal water level variation is responsible for variation up to 0.05 *** results of the seismicity rates in 20012014 show that the observed earthquakes are well correlated with the modeled ***,the reason that the seismicity is only observed at southwest of the Pertusillo Lake is provided,which is likely attributed to different rock lithologies and depletion caused by significant hydrocarbon exploitation in the northeastern sector of the lake.

关键词： Reservoir induced seismicity(RIS) Poroelasticity Rate-and-state frictional law Pertusillo lake

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TIME DEPENDENT FRACTURE GROWTH IN INTACT CRYSTALLINE ROCK:NEW LABORATORY PROCEDURES

TIME DEPENDENT FRACTURE GROWTH IN INTACT CRYSTALLINE ROCK:NE...

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第二届废物地下处置学术研讨会

作者： T.Backers O.Stephansson GeoFrames gmbh Telegrafenberg14473 Potsdam

Short term laboratory tests to determine the strength of rock material are commonly used to assess stability of rock ***,loading the rock below its short term strength may lead to delayed failure due to slow stable fracture *** time-dependent phenomenon is called subcritical fracture growth.A fracture mechanics based approach is applied in this study to determine the parameters describing subcritical fracture growth under ModeⅠ(tensile).and ModeⅡ(in-plane shear) loading in terms of the stress intensity factors of saturated granodiorite from the (?)sp(?) HRL.A statistical method is applied to data from three-point bending (tension) and Punch-Through Shear with Confining Pressure,PTS/CP,(shear) *** population of each set-up was subjected to rapid loading tests yielding a strength probability distribution.A second population was loaded up to a certain fraction of the statistical percentage for failure and the time-to-failure was *** these two populations the subcritical fracture growth parameters were determined *** studies demonstrated subcritical fracture growth under ModeⅠloading conditions,but this study shows that under a ModeⅡload time-dependent fracture growth exists as well.

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Quantification and depth distribution analysis of carbon to nitrogen ratio in forest soils using reflectance spectroscopy

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第1期11卷 112-124页

作者： Asa Gholizadeh Mohammadmehdi Saberioon Nastaran Pouladi Eyal Ben-Dor Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection Faculty of AgrobiologyFood and Natural ResourcesCzech University of Life Sciences Prague16500PragueCzech Republic Section 1.4 Remote Sensing and Geoinformatics Helmholtz Centre Potsdam GFZ German Research Centre for GeosciencesTelegrafenberg14473Potsdam Germany knoell Germany gmbh Konrad-Zuse-Ring68163MannheimGermany Remote Sensing Laboratoryeparmentof Ggraphy and HumanEnvionmnt Porter Schoolf Evionmntand Earth ScienceTelAvivUniverty 69978TelAvivIsrael

Forest soils have large contents of carbon(C)and total nitrogen(TN),which have significant spatial variability laterally across landscapes and vertically with depth due to decomposition,erosion and ***,the ratio of C to TN contents(C∶N),a crucial indicator of soil quality and health,is also different depending on soil *** attributes can cost-effectively and rapidly be estimated using visible-near infrared-shortwave infrared(VNIR-SWIR)***,the effect of different soil layers,particularly over large scales of highly heterogeneous forest soils,on the perfor-mance of the technique has rarely been *** study evaluated the potential of VNIR-SWIR spectroscopy in quantification and variability analysis of C∶N in soils from different organic and min-eral layers of forested sites of the Czech *** each site,we collected samples from the litter(L),fragmented(F)and humus(H)organic layers,and from the A_(1)(depth of 2-10 cm)and A_(2)(depth of 10-40 cm)mineral layers providing a total of 2505 *** vector machine regression(SVMR)was used to train the prediction models of the selected attributes at each individual soil layer and the merged layer(profile).We further produced the spatial distribution maps of C∶N as the target attribute at each soil *** showed that the prediction accuracy based on the profile spectral data was adequate for all ***,F was the most accurately predicted layer,regardless of the soil attribute.C∶N models and maps in the organic layers performed well although in mineral layers,models were poor and maps were reliable only in areas with low and moderate C∶*** the other hand,the study indicated that reflectance spectra could efficiently predict and map organic layers of the forested ***,in mineral layers,high values of C∶N(≥50)were not detectable in the map created based on the reflectance *** general,the study suggests that VNIR-SWIR spectrosc

关键词： Forest soil Soilorganiccarbon C:N Soilhorizons VNIR-SWIRspectroscopy

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Developing food,water and energy nexus workflows

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第2期13卷 299-308页

作者： Ian McCallum Carsten Montzka Bagher Bayat Stefan Kollet Andrii Kolotii Nataliia Kussul Mykola Lavreniuk Anthony Lehmann Joan Maso Paolo Mazzetti Aline Mosnier Emma Perracchione Mario Putti Mattia Santoro Ivette Serral Leonid Shumilo Daniel Spengler Steffen Fritza IIASA LaxenburgAustria FZJ Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbHJuelichGermany SRI Space Research InstituteKievUkraine KPI National Technical University of UkraineIgor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic InstituteKievUkraine Institute of Environmental Sciences UNIGEUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland CREAF BarcelonaSpain CNR National Research Council of ItalyFlorenceItaly Department of Mathematics UNIPDUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly GFZ Helmholtz Centre PotsdamPotsdamGermany

There is a growing recognition of the interdependencies among the supply systems that rely upon food,water and *** of people lack safe and sufficient access to these systems,coupled with a rapidly growing global demand and increasing resource *** frameworks are considered one of the few means available to understand the complex interrelationships among the sectors,however development of nexus related frameworks has been *** describe three opensource models well known in their respective domains(***,WOFOST and SWAT)where components of each if combined could help decision-makers address the nexus *** propose as a first step the development of simple workflows utilizing essential variables and addressing components of the above-mentioned models which can act as building-blocks to be used ultimately in a comprehensive nexus model *** outputs of the workflows and the model framework are designed to address the SDGs.

关键词： Food water energy nexus modeling workflows modelframework essential variables SDGs

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