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Production evolution patterns and development stage division of waterflooding oilfields

Petroleum Exploration and development 2023年第2期50卷 433-441页

作者： JI Bingyu XU Ting GAO Xingjun YU Hongmin LIU He Sinopec Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute Beijing 102206China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&development PetroChinaBeijing 100083China

The continuous growth of recoverable reserves in a waterflooding oilfield has a significant impact on the patterns of production evolution. A new production evolution model is established by improving the Weng Cycle model. With the new model, the statistical correspondence between the production decline stage and the reserve-production imbalance is clarified,and the correlation of water cut with the recovery percent of recoverable reserves is discussed, providing quantitative basis of reservoir engineering for dividing development stages of oilfield and defining mature oilfields. According to the statistics of oilfields in eastern China, the time point corresponding to the reserve-production balance coefficient dropping to less than 1dramatically is well correlated the beginning point of production decline, thus the time when the reserve-production balance coefficient drops dramatically can be taken as the initiation point of production decline stage. The research results show that the water cut and the recovery percent of recoverable reserves have a good statistical match in the high water cut stage, and it is more rational to take both the start point of production decline stage and the water cut of 90%(or the recovery percent of recoverable reserves of 80%) as the critical criteria for defining a mature oilfield. Five production evolution patterns can be summarized as follows: growth–peak plateau–stepped decline, growth–stepped stabilizing–stepped decline, growth–stepped stabilizing–rapid decline, growth–peak plateau–rapid decline, and growth–continuous decline.

关键词： waterflooding oilfield production evolution development stage division recoverable reserves mature oilfield

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Oligodendroglial heterogeneity in health,disease,and recovery:deeper insights into myelin dynamics

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3179-3192页

作者： Pieter-Jan Serneels Julie D.De Schutter Lies De Groef Lieve Moons Steven Bergmans KU Leuven Leuven Brain InstituteDepartment of BiologyAnimal Physiology and Neurobiology DivisionNeural Circuit Development&Regeneration Research GroupLeuvenBelgium KU Leuven Leuven Brain InstituteDepartment of BiologyAnimal Physiology and Neurobiology DivisionCellular Communication&Neurodegeneration Research GroupLeuvenBelgium

Decades of research asserted that the oligodendroglial lineage comprises two cell types:oligodendrocyte precursor cells and ***,recent studies employing single-cell RNA sequencing techniques have uncovered novel cell states,prompting a revision of the existing *** forward,the oligodendroglial lineage should be delineated into five distinct cell states:oligodendrocyte precursor cells,committed oligodendrocyte precursor cells,newly formed oligodendrocytes,myelin-forming oligodendrocytes,and mature *** new classification system enables a deeper understanding of the oligodendroglia in both physiological and pathological *** this uniform terminology will facilitate comparison and integration of data across ***,including the consolidation of findings from various demyelinating models,is essential to better understand the pathogenesis of demyelinating ***,comparing injury models across species with varying regenerative capacities can provide insights that may lead to new therapeutic strategies to overcome remyelination ***,by standardizing terminology and synthesizing data from diverse studies across different animal models,we can enhance our understanding of myelin pathology in central nervous system disorders such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,all of which involve oligodendroglial and myelin dysfunction.

关键词： animal models demyelination fish mammals multiple sclerosis myelin neurodegeneration oligodendrocytes oligodendroglial lineage remyelination

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A lead role for a“secondary”axonal injury response

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 469-470页

作者： Melissa A.Rudy Trent A.Watkins division of Neuroimmunology and Glial Biology Department of NeurologyUniversity of California at San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA development Disease Modelsand Therapeutics Graduate ProgramBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA

Stress signaling following axon injury stimulates a transcriptional program for regeneration that might be exploited to promote central nervous system ***,this stress response drives neuronal apoptosis in non-regenerative *** duality presents a quandary for the development of therapeutic interventions:manipulating stress signaling to enhance recovery of damaged neurons risks accelerating neurodegeneration or restricting regenerative *** dichotomy is well illustrated by the fates of retinal ganglion cells(RGCs)following optic nerve *** this central nervous system injury model,disruption of a stress-activated MAP kinase(MAPK)cascade blocks the extensive apoptosis of RGCs that occurs in wild-type mice(Watkins et al.,2013;Welsbie et al.,2017).

关键词： injury axonal stress

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The division of Labor in Parenting and Its Impact on Adolescent development

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Social Sciences in China 2023年第4期44卷 175-198页

作者： Zhu Xiaowen Wang Kaili Guo Zhirong Huang Deyuan School of Humanities and Social Sciences Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Social development and Public Policy Fudan University 不详

The Law of the People's Republic of China on Family Education Promotion explicitly requires both parents to engage in their children's education, but so far there has not been sufficient empirical research on the division of labor in parenting in China. This study,based on questionnaire survey data, is an in-depth investigation of the current situation of the division of labor in parenting, differences in parental status in the family, and the influence of these factors on adolescent development in China. Our findings show that 1)The main pattern of the division of labor in parenting in China is one of intensive maternal parenting with no paternal educational input, followed by a pattern of low participation by both parents. The least common is a pattern of high participation by both parents. 2) The patterns of division of labor in parenting are significantly related to differences in parental status. A family in which the father is highly educated or has a higher level of education than the mother is more likely to evince the pattern of a high level of joint participation by both parents. 3) The division of labor in parenting does not significantly affect the academic performance of adolescents, but has a significant impact upon their mental health and noncognitive abilities. In terms of mental health, strong two-parent participation and intensive maternal parenting with no paternal input are more effective than a low level of participation by both parents. This indicates that a high level of participation by either parent improves children's mental health. In terms of non-cognitive abilities, we found that a high level of joint two-parent participation is more effective than either the pattern of intensive maternal parenting with no paternal educational participation or the pattern of low participation by both parents. The indicates that a father's active role in developing children's non-cognitive abilities cannot be replaced by the mother. 4) A father's contribu

关键词： family education division of labor in parenting fathering paternal participation adolescent development

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Quantitative measurement of the effects of administrative division adjustments on regional development

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2021年第12期31卷 1775-1790页

作者： WANG Kaiyong FENG Rundong Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development ModelingCASBeijing 100101China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Administrative divisions are the important foundation of national governance and social development,and the adjustment of administrative divisions is a critical way to promote regional coordinated *** the background of globalization and regionalization,timely adjustment of administrative divisions is a major step to reconstruct the regional development *** the perspective of regional coordinated development,this paper constructs an Administrative Rank Potential Energy(ARPE)model to explore the mechanisms of administrative division adjustment(ADA)under coordinated regional development based on the theory of regional interaction,spatial field energy model and power exponential *** results show that:(1)The development potential and influence of an administrative region are closely related to the administrative jurisdiction,administrative resources,and the potential of regional coordinated development.(2)The growth rate of ARPE in the study area from 2010 to 2015 was 20.7% compared to the period 2005 to 2010,and the potential for coordinated development increased to 3.05% from 0.21% before the"cancelling"the prefecture-level city of Chaohu.(3)The measurement results of the usefulness of ADA can not only distinguish the complex impacts brought about by social development,but also accord with real social and economic development *** ARPE focuses on the both regional integrated development and individual development,thereby serving as a reference for explaining and evaluating adjustments to administrative divisions at the macro-and micro-scales.

关键词： administrative division adjustment administrative rank potential energy coordinated development regional effects Chaohu

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Influence of alkali metal doping on surface properties and catalytic activity/selectivity of CaO catalysts in oxidative coupling of methane

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Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 2008年第4期17卷 313-320页

作者： V.H.Rane S.T.Chaudhari V.R.Choudhary Chemical Engineering and Process development division National Chemical Laboratory

Surface properties （viz. surface area, basicity/base strength distribution, and crystal phases） of alkali metal doped CaO （alkali metal/Ca= 0.1 and 0.4） catalysts and their catalytic activity/selectivity in oxidative coupling of methane （OCM） to higher hydrocarbons at different reaction conditions （viz. temperature, 700 and 750 ℃; CH4/O2 ratio, 4.0 and 8.0 and space velocity, 5140-20550 cm^3 ·g^-1·h^-1） have been investigated. The influence of catalyst calcination temperature on the activity/selectivity has also been investigated. The surface properties （viz. surface area, basicity/base strength distribution） and catalytic activity/selectivity of the alkali metal doped CaO catalysts are strongly influenced by the alkali metal promoter and its concentration in the alkali metal doped CaO catalysts. An addition of alkali metal promoter to CaO results in a large decrease in the surface area but a large increase in the surface basicity （strong basic sites） and the C2＋ selectivity and yield of the catalysts in the OCM process. The activity and selectivity are strongly influenced by the catalyst calcination temperature. No direct relationship between surface basicity and catalytic activity/selectivity has been observed. Among the alkali metal doped CaO catalysts, Na-CaO （Na/Ca = 0.1, before calcination） catalyst （calcined at 750 ℃）, showed best performance （C2＋ selectivity of 68.8% with 24.7% methane conversion）, whereas the poorest performance was shown by the Rb-CaO catalyst in the OCM process.

关键词： oxidative coupling of methane alkali metal doped CaO catalysts basicity/base strength distribution catalytic activity/selectivity

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Flash X-ray radiography technique to study the high velocity impact of soft projectile on E-glass/epoxy composite material

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2019年第2期15卷 216-226页

作者： B.Venkata Ramudu C.Jayarami Reddy V.Madhu Armour Design and development division Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory

In the present paper, the high velocity impact of 9 mm soft lead projectile on 10 mm and 30 mm thick Eglass/epoxy composites was studied using a 450 kV Flash X-ray radiography(FXR) system. The basic parameters of FXR imaging, such as effect of ratio of target to film(TF) and source to target(ST) distances and X-ray penetration thickness of the composite material were optimized based on clarity and the actual dimensions of the objects. The optimized parameters were used in the FXR imaging of the ballistic event of 9 mm soft projectile on E-glass/epoxy composite. The real time deformation patterns of both the projectile and composite target during the ballistic impact were captured and studied at different time intervals. The notable failure modes of the 10 mm thick target with time include fibre breakage, bulging on the back side, delamination, recovery of the bulging, reverse bulging and its recovery. However, with increase in thickness of the target to 30 mm the only failure mechanism observed is the breaking of fibres. The ballistic impact event was also numerically simulated using commercially available LS-DYNA software. The numerically simulated deformation patterns of the projectile and target at different time intervals are closely matching with the corresponding radiographic images.

关键词： Flash X-ray radiography E-Glass/epoxy composite Ballistic impact Numerical simulation

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Oxidation of propane to acrylic acid and acetic acid over alkaline earth-doped Mo-V-Sb-O_x catalysts

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Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 2010年第6期19卷 593-599页

作者： Chandan S.Chaudhari Shailesh S.Sable Hanumant Gurav Ashutosh A.Kelkar Vilas H.Rane Chemical Engineering and Process development division National Chemical Laboratory Catalysis division National Chemical Laboratory

Alkaline earth metal （Mg,Ca,Sr and Ba）-doped Mo-V-Sb-O x catalysts,prepared by a dry-up method,have been investigated for their catalytic performance in the oxidation of propane under different reaction *** catalysts have been characterized by N2 adsorption-desorption,temperature-programmed desorption （TPD） of NH3,SEM and *** of water vapor on the catalytic performance,particularly on the selectivities to acetic acid and acrylic acid,has also been *** selectivity to acrylic acid was improved significantly by the doping of alkaline earth metals to Mo-V-Sb-O x *** surface acidic sites of the catalyst decreased with the doping of the catalyst with alkaline earth metals,which ultimately was found to be beneficial for obtaining high selectivity to acrylic *** catalytic activity and product selectivities were found to be influenced by the reaction temperature,C3H8/O2 ratio and space velocity.A significant improvement in the selectivity to acrylic acid has also been observed by the addition of water vapor in the feed of propane and oxygen in the oxidation of propane.

关键词： oxidation of propane surface acidity alkaline earth doped Mo-V-Sb-Ox catalysts acrylic acid acetic acid

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Feed- and feed additives-related aspects of gut health and development in weanling pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2013年第2期4卷 83-89页

作者： John R Pluske division of Research and development Murdoch University

The development of new/different management and feeding strategies to stimulate gut development and health in newly-weaned pigs, in order to improve growth performance while minimizing the use of antimicrobial compounds such as antibiotic growth promotants （AGP） and heavy mineral compounds, is essential for the long-term sustainability of the pig industry. Factors including the sub-optimal intake of nutrients and energy, inappropriate microbiota biomass and （or） balance, immature and compromised immune function, and psychosomatic factors caused by weaning can compromise both the efficiency of digestion and absorption and intestinal barrier function through mucosal damage and alteration of tight junction integrity. As a consequence, pigs at weaning are highly susceptible to pathogenic enteric conditions such as post-weaning diarrhea that may be caused by serotypes of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coil Many dietary components, e.g., protein, fiber, feed additives and minerals, are known to influence microbial growth in the gastrointestinal tract that in turn can impact upon pig growth and health, although the relationships between these are sometimes not necessarily apparent or obvious. In a world climate of increased scrutiny over the use of antibiotics per se in pig production, certain feed additives are seen as alternatives/replacements to antibiotics, and have evolved in some cases to have important roles in everyday commercial pig nutrition. Nevertheless and in general, there remains inconsistency and variability in the efficacy of some feed additives and in cases of severe disease outbreaks, for example, therapeutic antibiotics and/or heavy minerals such as zinc oxide （ZnO） are generally relied upon. If feed ingredients and （or） feed additives are to be used with greater regularity and reliability, then it is necessary to better understand the mechanisms whereby antibiotics and minerals such as ZnO influence animal physiology, in conjunction with the use of approp

关键词： Antibiotics Antimicrobials Nutrition Pigs Post-weaning diarrhoea Weaning

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Oxidative coupling of methane over La-promoted CaO catalysts:Influence of precursors and catalyst preparation method

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Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 2010年第1期19卷 25-30页

作者： Vilas H. Rane Sopan T. Chaudhari Vasant R. Choudhary Chemical Engineering and Process development division National Chemical LaboratoryPune India

The oxidative coupling of methane to C2 hydrocarbons has been studied over a series of La-promoted CaO （La/Ca = 0.05） catalysts, prepared using different precursor salts for CaO and La2O3 （viz. acetates, carbonates, nitrates and hydroxides） and catalyst preparation methods （viz. physical mixing of precursors, co-precipitation using ammonium carbonate/sodium carbonate as a precipitating agent）, under different reaction conditions （temperature： 700-850 ℃, CH4/O2 ratio： 4.0 and 8.0, and GHSV： 51360 cm^3·g^-1·h^- 1）. The surface area and surface basicity/base strength distribution of the catalysts have also been investigated. The surface properties and catalytic activity/selectivity of the La-promoted CaO catalysts vary from catalyst to catalyst depending on the catalyst precursors used and catalyst preparation method. The basicity/base strength distribution is strongly influenced by the precursors （for CaO and La2O3） and catalyst preparation method. Basicity （total and strong basic sites measured in terms of CO2 chemisorbed at 50℃ and 500 ℃, respectively） observed for the catalyst prepared by co-precipitation method is higher than that of the catalysts prepared by physical mixing method. The catalysts prepared by the nitrates of La- and Ca- and co- precipitated by the solution of sodium carbonate and ammonium carbonate exhibit different catalytic performance in OCM. The finding that no direct relationship between the surface basicity and catalytic activity/selectivity in OCM exists indicates that basicity is not solely responsible for obtaining high selectivity to C2 hydrocarbons.

关键词： oxidative coupling of methane La-promoted CaO catalysts basicity distribution

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