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Advances in Microbiology 2017年第6期7卷 405-419页

作者： Evelyne Toe Adjéhi Dadié Etienne Dako Guillaume Loukou Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety Department of Food Science and Technology University of Nanguy Abrogoua Abidjan Ivory Coast Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology School of Food Science Nutrition and Family Studies Faculty of Health Science and Community Services University of Moncton New-Brunswick Canada Laboratoire Nationale de la Santé Publique (LNSP) Abidjan Ivory Coast

The aim of this study was to determine the bacteriological quality of raw mixed vegetable salads served in collective catering in Abidjan and to assess the factors likely to favor contamination. An investigation was conducted to determine the practical risk of contamination. A total of 306 samples were collected and analyzed for the detection and enumeration of Enterobacteriaceae, E. coli and Salmonella according to standard microbiology methods. The most important risk factors were lack of training (96.7%), decontamination (84.0%), cross-contamination of vegetables in contact with fresh chicken or fish (76.7%) and salads that were uncovered and unprotected, thus exposed to the air and at ambient temperature for sale (97.7%). Theprevalence was 100%, 77.8% and 2.6% respectively for Enterobacteriaceae, E. coli and Salmonella. The average load of Enterobacteriaceae and E. coli was 4.93 log10 (CFU/g) and 1.89 log10 (CFU/g), respectively. Unsatisfactory microbiological quality samples were 52.3%. The results showed a failure of the sanitary quality in more than half of the products. Raising awareness in all of the workers in the food chain for vegetable salads is thus necessary to protect the health of the consumers.

关键词： Vegetable Salads E. coli Salmonella Risk Factors Collective Catering

Evaluation of a Simple Hydraulic Resistance Model Using Flow Measurements Collected in Vegetated Waterways

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Open Journal of Modern Hydrology 2013年第1期3卷 28-37页

作者： Fredrik Huthoff Menno W. Straatsma Denie C. M. Augustijn Suzanne J. M. H. Hulscher Department of Earth System Analysis Faculty of Geosciences Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands Department of Water Engineering & Management Faculty of Engineering Technology University of Twente Enschede The Neth- erlands HKV Consultants Lelystad The Netherlands

A simple idealized model to describe the hydraulic resistance caused by vegetation is compared to results from flow experiments conducted in natural waterways. Two field case studies are considered: fixed-point flow measurements in a Green River (case 1) and vessel-borne flow measurements along a cross-section with floodplains in the river Rhine (case 2). Analysis of the two cases shows that the simple flow model is consistent with measured flow velocities and the present vegetation characteristics, and may be used to predict a realistic Manning resistance coefficient. From flow measurements in the river floodplain (case 2) an estimate was made of the equivalent height of the drag dominated vegetation layer, as based on measured flow characteristics. The resulting height corresponds well with the observed height of vegetation in the floodplain. The expected depth-dependency of the associated Manning resistance coefficient for could not be detected due to lack of data for relatively shallow flows. Furthermore, it was shown that topographical variations in the floodplain may have an important impact on the flow field, which should not be mistaken as roughness effects.

关键词： Hydraulic Roughness Vegetation River Flow Floodplains ADCP Measurements

Physicochemical 2D-Qsar and 3D Molecular Docking studies on N-Chlorosulfonyl Isocyanate Analogs as Sterol O-Acyl-Transferase-1 “Soat-1” Inhibitors

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Open Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2013年第4期3卷 100-120页

作者： Khalid El Akri Rokaya Mouhibi Mohamed Zahouily Naima Hanafi Moulay Abdellah Bahlaoui Materials Catalysis and Valorization of Natural Resources Laboratory(URAC 24)Faculty of Sciences and TechniquesHassan Ⅱ UniversityMohammediaMorocco Organic Chemistry Catalysis and Environment LaboratoryFaculty of SciencesHassan Ⅱ UniversityCasablancaMarocco

A series of N-carbonyl-functionalized ureas, carbamates and thiocarbamates derivatives (or N-Chloro sulfonyl isocyanate “N-CSI”) were involved in linear and nonlinear physicochemical quantitative structure-activity relationship “QSAR” analysis to find out the structural keys to control the inhibition against Sterol O-Acyl-Transferase-1 “SOAT-1”. The results indicate the important effects of geometrical and chemical descriptors on the inhibitory activity of SOAT-1. The molecules were also screened for three-dimensional molecular docking on the crystal structure of ACAT-1 (1WL5 for ACAT-1, PDB). A comparison between 2D-QSAR and 3D molecular docking studies shows that the latter confirm the first results and represent a good prediction of the chemical and physical nature of interactions between our drug molecules and enzyme SOAT-1.

关键词： Sterol O-Acyl-Transferase-1 N-CSI Analogs QSAR MLR ANN 3D Molecular Docking

The Epidemiology of Self-Harm in the Romanian Juvenile Prison System: A Two-Year Cohort Study

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2021年第4期11卷 371-389页

作者： Carmen-Valeria Baias Joseph Beckwith-Finnegan faculty of Integral Medicine University EurAka Therwil Switzerland The University of Georgia Athens USA

Background: There is no extensive literature on social predictors of self-harm in the juvenile justice system, over the time of a prisoner’s sentence. Self-harm behavior displays a higher prevalence in prison, 11 to 14 times greater than in the general population. Our study extended the current research in self-harm by examining dynamic factors of self-harm in adolescents over their sentence in the Romanian juvenile prison system. Method: The present research examined longitudinal predictors of self-harm behaviors in 439 adolescent inmates (Mage = 16.21;5.2% female, 94.8% male), enrolled in prison during 2011-2012, following them for two years. A series of time-to-event analyses were applied to start from the time of the subject’s internment in the juvenile prison system. Results: Findings from the multivariate survival analyses show that adherence to self-harm conduct in prison was consistently influenced by family factors and prison contexts;although low ability to cope with frustration, sensitivity and emotion dysregulation also mattered. Keeping the other covariates invariant, serving a prison sentence in a closed regime reduces the probability of remaining free of self-harm events, increasing the monthly hazard of self-harm by a factor of 5.26 on average (HR = 5.26, 95% CI = 2.37 - 11.64) compared to the open regime. Conclusion: A greater focus on longitudinal studies may help improve the screening process and also follow the progress of each juvenile to warrant the efficacy of preventive programs in self-harm, according to their emerging needs.

关键词： Self-Harm Risk-Assessment Survival Analysis Juveniles Prison System

Acute-on-chronic liver failure in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection

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World Journal of Hepatology 2023年第1期15卷 41-51页

作者： Peter Liptak Lenka Nosakova Robert Rosolanka Lubomir Skladany Peter Banovcin Clinic of Internal Medicine-Gastroenterology University Hospital in MartinJessenius Faculty of Medicine in MartinComenius UniversityMartin 03601Slovakia Clinic of Infectology and Travel Medicine University Hospital in MartinJessenius Faculty of Medicine in MartinComenius UniversityMartin 03601Slovakia Department of Internal Medicine Ⅱ Division HepatologyGastroenterology and Liver TransplantationFD Roosevelt University Hospital of Slovak Medical UniversityBanska Bystrica 97517Slovakia

The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)has had a significant impact on the lives of millions of people,especially those with other concomitant diseases,such as chronic liver *** date,seven coronaviruses have been identified to infect *** main site of pathological action of these viruses is lung ***,a substantial number of studies have proven that SARSCoV-2 shows affinity towards several organs,including the gastrointestinal tract and the *** current state of evidence points to several proposed mechanisms of liver injury in patients with COVID-19 and their *** impairment is considered to be the result of the direct effect of the virus on the hepatic tissue cells,a systemic reaction consisting of inflammation,hypoxia and cytokine storm,drug-induced liver injury,with the possible contribution of a perturbed gut-liver *** of chronic hepatic disease could be another factor for liver impairment in patients with SARS-CoV-2 ***-onchronic liver failure(ACLF)is a relatively new syndrome that occurs in 10%–30%of all hospitalized patients with chronic liver *** is crucial to recognize high-risk patients due to the increased morbidity and mortality in these *** published studies have reported virus infection as a trigger factor for ***,to date,there are few relevant studies describing the presence of ACLF in patients with acute SARS-CoV-2 *** this minireview we summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the relation between ACLF and acute SARS-CoV-2 infection.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Acute-on-chronic liver failure ACLF,Liver Coronavirus

Epidemiology of COVID-19 in Misrata, Libya: A Population-Based Surveillance Study

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2021年第1期11卷 101-112页

作者： Anas Zarmouh Hussien Elaswdi Essam Elakhtel Khalid Abufalgha Mohamed Taraina Misurata University faculty of Medicine Misrata Libya Misurata Medical Centre Misrata Libya

Background: The prevalence of SARS-COV2 in Libya is unclear;PCR is still under-performed. Although lockdown measures have been in place for weeks, there is no prevalence data to support the gradual lifting of such lockdowns. SARS-COV2 IgM/IgG is emerging as potential alternatives to PCR testing, and many counties and towns have undertaken such seroprevalence studies. Objective: Prevalence of SARS-COV2 in Misrata, Libya amongst the population as a whole. Materials and Methods: The study was prospective, cross-sectional, population-based, and age-stratified, to assess SARS-COV2 IgM/IgG in the population of Misrata. It was carried out between the 18th and 21st of April, 2020. Results: A representative sample of 897 participants was tested for SARS-COV2 IgM/IgG antibodies. 30 participants were positive for IgM or IgG indicating a prevalence of 3.4% (95% CI, 2.8% - 5.2%), with eight (0.9%) IgM positive and 22 (2.4%) IgG positive. Accordingly, 9075 (95% CI, 6586 - 14,170) people are estimated to have had a current or recent COVID-19 infection, symptomatic or asymptomatic. Conclusion and Recommendations: Serological testing as a diagnostic or surveillance tool may uncover a large proportion of asymptomatic individuals in the community, far outnumbering PCR. The authors highly recommend further precautionary public measures, as well as an ongoing surveillance programme to monitor the epidemiological trends of the disease in the city of Misrata and Libya in general.

关键词： Prevalence SARS-COV2 IgM/IgG PCR

Asian Dust Particles under Electron Microscopes-Aging, Mixing and Subsequences

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Asian Dust Particles under Electron Microscopes-Aging, Mixin...

Association between Brainerd Diarrhea and Zebra Mussel Infestations

第十八届中国科协年会——分12 大气雾霾及PM2.5控制先进技术研讨会

作者： Daizhou ZHANG faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences Prefectural University of Kumamoto

Asian dust particles in Japan and China were identified by their size, shape and composition through the use of electron microscopes. Knowledge of salt formation, sea salt mixing and bacterial transportation associated with the particles, and the subsequence of these processes and phenomena were investigated and discussed.(1) Sulfate and nitrate were efficiently produced on dust particles in the downstream marine air. The production in continental air was very limited. Soil-derived sulfate of up to 4% in mass and background-like nitrate of several ?g m-3 were determined in the air of Taklimakan desert.(2) Evidence for HCl deposition on dust particles in marine air was obtained. In the absence of substantial sulfate and nitrate, chloride formation on dust particles was likely the major process capable of converting the particles into aqueous droplets.(3) Dust particles frequently became mixture of mineral dust and sea salt in marine air, causing the change of particles in size, hygroscopicity and other properties. Estimates showed significant enhancement of dust particle gravitational settling by sea salt adherence, resulting in gravitational removal of mixture dust particles faster than before sea salt adherence. Thus the settling of dust particles to sea surface is fundamentally different from that in continental atmosphere.(4) A close relation between bacteria and long-range transported Asian dust was confirmed in dust plumes and their concentrations were proportional and comparable.

关键词： mineral dust long-distance transport sulfate nitrate sea salt bacteria

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2021年第10期9卷 14-22页

作者： Buddhini N. Dolapihilla G. E. D. M. Elapatha Jase Grimm faculty of Medicine University of Colombo Colombo Sri Lanka University of the People California USA

Brainerd Diarrhea is a syndrome of acute onset of watery, non-bloody diarrhea that lasts for a duration of 4 weeks or more. The index case of Brainerd Diarrhea was recorded in 1983, in the first such outbreak in Brainerd, Minnesota. In 1989, a prohibited invasive species named Zebra Mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) were found in the great lakes of the United States. The 7 recorded outbreaks of Brainerd diarrhea were correlated with the location and time of zebra mussel infestations. The first outbreak that occurred due to consumption of raw milk took place in Minnesota which is near the waters infested by zebra mussels. All other outbreaks were related to consumption of contaminated unchlorinated water occurred in regions not directly close to the infested rivers. However, since infestations are thought to occur due to human activity, undocumented infestations faraway are still possible. Evidence shows minor correlations between Brainerd Diarrhea outbreaks and Zebra Mussel infestations. However, none of the facts are strong enough to establish or deny a significant correlation or causation. Further cohort studies and research need to be done on the recent discoveries of Zebra Mussel infestations and new Brainerd diarrhea outbreaks. The primary search engine used to gather information for this review was ScienceDirect and PubMed. More than 35 articles and case reports were reviewed and only 20 were shortlisted and used as references. None of the studies included were restricted to study design, but studies with less than 10 participants/patients were excluded from the review.

关键词： Brainerd Diarrhea Zebra Mussel Infestation Campylobacter Mycobacterium

Synchrotron micro-scale measurement of metal distributions in Phragmites australis and Typha latifolia root tissue from an urban brownfield site

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第3期28卷 172-182页

作者： Huan Feng Yu Qian Frank J.Gallagher Weiguo Zhang Lizhong Yu Changjun Liu Keith W.Jones Ryan Tappero Department of Earth and Environmental studies Montclair State University Urban Forestry Program Department of EcologyEvolution and Natural ResourcesRutgersThe State University of New Jersey State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research East China Normal University Biological Environmental and Climate Sciences DepartmentBrookhaven National Laboratory Photon Sciences Directorate Brookhaven National Laboratory

Liberty State Park in New Jersey,USA,is a ＂brownfield＂ site containing various levels of *** investigate metal uptake and distributions in plants on the brownfield site,Phragmites australis and Typha latifolia were collected in Liberty State Park during the growing season（May–September）in 2011 at two sites with the high and low metal loads,*** objective of this study was to understand the metal（Fe,Mn,Cu,Pb and Zn）concentration and spatial distributions in *** and *** root systems with micro-meter scale resolution using synchrotron X-ray microfluorescence（μXRF）and synchrotron X-ray computed microtomography（μCMT）*** root structure measurement by synchrotron μCMT showed that high X-ray attenuation substance appeared in the *** μXRF measurement showed that metal concentrations and distributions in the root cross-section between epidermis and vascular tissue were statistically *** correlations were found between metals（Cu,Mn,Pb and Zn）and Fe in the epidermis,implying that metals were scavenged by Fe *** results from this study suggest that the expression of metal transport and accumulation within the root systems may be element *** information derived from this study can improve our current knowledge of the wetland plant ecological function in brownfield remediation.

关键词： Phragmites australis Typha latifolia Trace metals Synchrotron radiation technique Brownfield

Classification System for Monitoring Historic Changes in Forest and Non-Forest Woody Vegetation—A Basis for Management

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Open Journal of Forestry 2014年第1期4卷 75-84页

作者： Jan Skalos Zdenek Keken Helena Justová Katerina Krováková Hana Chaurová faculty of Environmental Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences PraguePragueCzech Republic

Forest and non-forest vegetation fulfils many non-productive and productive functions. A good understanding of the trajectories and drivers of the woody vegetation change is necessary for the relevant management. Recently, the number of studies devoted to monitoring forest cover changes has increased. However, these works do not fully distinguish between different categories of forest and non-forest woody vegetation. The main aim of the study was to propose a classification system for monitoring historic changes of woody vegetation in the landscape. The period of the last 150 years was mapped through three time-lines (1842, 1953 and 2011). Data were obtained by interpreting historic maps (Stable Cadastral map of 1842) and historical (1953) and current orthophoto (2011) using ArcGIS tools. The classification was applied on the example of Sokolov region (57 km2) located in western Bohemia. The result of the research is a proposal for classifying woody vegetation stands into four categories based on the structural and localisation criteria: (1) Line adjacent woodlands, (2) Landscape woodlands, (3) Settlement woodlands, and (4) Compact woodlands. Information on the woody vegetation development using the proposed classification system is important for understanding the patterns, pressures, and driving forces that led to the formation of the present-day forest and non-forest woody vegetation in the landscape. The results can also be applied as a basis for future forest management practice as they can be used in other different fields, e.g. history, archaeology etc.

关键词： Forest Development Forest and Non-Forest Woody Vegetation ArcGIS Sokolov Region