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Methionine sources and genotype affect embryonic intestinal development, antioxidants, tight junctions, and growth-related gene expression in chickens

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 218-230页

作者： James K.Lugata Sawadi F.Ndunguru Gebrehaweria K.Reda Xénia E.Ozsváth Eszter Angyal Levente Czeglédi Gabriella Gulyás Renáta Knop János Oláh Zoltán Mészár Rita Varga Brigitta Csernus Csaba Szabó Department of Animal Nutrition and Physiology Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental Management University of Debrecen faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental management Doctoral School of Animal Science University of Debrecen Department of Animal Husbandry Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental Management University of Debrecen Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Debrecen Institutes for Agricultural Research and Educational Farm University of Debrecen Department of Anatomy Histology and Embryology Faculty of Medicine University of Debrecen

Methionine(Met) is an essential and first limiting amino acid in the poultry diet that plays a significant role in chicken embryonic development and growth. The present study examined the effect of in ovo injection of DL-Met and L-Met sources and genotypes on chicken embryonic-intestinal development and health. Fertilized eggs of the two genotypes, TETRA-SL layer hybrid(TSL)—commercial layer hybrid and Hungarian Partridge colored hen breed(HPC)—a native genotype, were randomly distributed into four treatments for each genotype. The treatment groups include the following: 1) control non-injected eggs(NoIn); 2) saline-injected(SaIn); 3) DL-Met injected(DLM); and 4) L-Met injected(LM). The in ovo injection was carried out on 17.5 d of embryonic development; after hatching, eight chicks per group were sacrificed, and the jejunum was extracted for analysis. The results showed that both DLM and LM groups had enhanced intestinal development as evidenced by increased villus width, villus height, and villus area(P < 0.05) compared to the control. The DLM group had significantly reduced crypt depth, glutathione(GSH) content, glutathione S-transferase 3 alpha(GST3), occludin(OCLN) gene expression and increased villus height to crypt depth ratio in the TSL genotype than the LM group(P < 0.05). The HPC genotype has overexpressed insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF1) gene, tricellulin(MD2), occludin(OCLN),superoxide dismutase 1(SOD1), and GST3 genes than the TSL genotype(P < 0.05). In conclusion, these findings showed that in ovo injection of Met enhanced intestinal development, and function, with genotypes responding differently under normal conditions. Genotypes also influenced the expression of intestinal antioxidants, tight junction, and growth-related genes.

关键词： DL-Methionine L-Methionine In ovo injection Intestinal development Poultry

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Tracing suspended and bed sediments during high and low water periods using geochemical characteristics-Case study:Vazrood watershed,northern Iran

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第2期21卷 470-483页

作者： KARIMI Nabiyeh GHOLAMI Leila KAVIAN Ataollah KHALEDI DARVISHAN Abdulvahed Department of Watershed management Faculty of Natural ResourcesSari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources UniversitySari ***Iran Department of Watershed management Engineering Faculty of Natural ResourcesTarbiat Modares UniversityNoor ***Iran

Complete and comprehensive information about sediment dynamic and identification of hotspots of sediment production and transport are necessary for understanding the erosion processes and increasing the efficiency of soil and water conservation practices.Numerous studies used the sediment fingerprint techniques to investigate the contribution of different sources in suspended and bed sediment yield of the watersheds.However,the contribution of various land use/land covers in suspended and bed sediment yield for the great Caspian Sea basin is in an aura of ambiguity and the present study was conducted to gather information about an important part of this area in northern Iran,where rangelands are located upstream of Hyrcanian forests and dense agricultural lands are located downstream.The surface soil of different land use/land covers including forest,rangeland,agriculture and streambank lands were sampled in 30 points.Suspended and bed sediments were sampled in the watershed outlet in two high and low water periods.Geochemical characteristics of soil and sediment samples containing 59 elements were measured using ICP-OES GBC Integra.The reliable and suitable tracers from 59 elements were then selected using Range test,Kruskal-Wallis and Discriminant Function Analysis,respectively,in FingerPro package of R software.The results showed that for suspended sediment,streambank and rangeland had the highest contributions of 86.2%and 47.5%,respectively,in two high and low water periods.For bed sediment,in two high and low water periods,rangeland and streambank had the highest contributions of 73.8%and 84.4%,respectively.Land use change and especially human activities such as agriculture,road construction and development of residential areas along the main river riparian zone has led to a significant increase in suspended and bed sediments.

关键词： Caspian Sea basin FingerPro Geochemistry Sediment transport Tracer combination

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Disaster Awareness and Preparedness Among Older Adults in Canada Regarding Floods, Wildfires, and Earthquakes

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第2期15卷 198-212页

作者： Evalyna Bogdan Rachel Krueger Julie Wright Kyle Woods Shaieree Cottar School of Administrative Studies Disaster and Emergency Management Program York University Partners for Action Faculty of Environment University of Waterloo Department of Geography and Environmental management University of Waterloo

Older adults are significantly impacted by natural hazards and disasters that are exacerbated by climate change. Understanding their awareness and preparedness is essential for enhancing disaster resilience. This study investigated the attitudes, actions, and recommendations of older adults regarding natural hazards that pose risks in their geographic area—specifically floods, wildfires, and/or earthquakes in Canada. Methods for this study included survey and focus groups with older adults(n = 161 and n = 10, respectively) and other high-risk groups from across Canada, that are vulnerable to these natural hazards. The main findings from this study are that current awareness and preparedness among older adults is low, though stronger perceptions of risks are associated with risks specific to geographic locations where respondents live. Several barriers, such as hazard vulnerability misperceptions, cost-related reasons, and lack of hazard awareness have resulted in low awareness and preparedness among these populations. The two main recommendations arising from this research are:(1) improve awareness and preparedness with tailor-made emergency preparedness materials for older adults; and(2) adopt community-based approaches to disaster preparedness through existing community groups to strengthen social connections with a focus on locally specific hazards. The findings from this research can be applied to other hazards, including heatwaves and pandemics.

关键词： Canada Community-based disaster risk management Disaster awareness and preparedness Disaster resilience Natural hazards Older adults

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Reducing Social Media Attention Inequality in Disasters: The Role of Official Media During Rainstorm Disasters in China

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第3期15卷 388-403页

作者： Longfei Zheng Lei Chen Fenjie Long Jianing Liu Lei Li School of Geography Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University Hang Lung Center for Real Estate and Department of Construction management Tsinghua University

Unequal social media attention can lead to potentially uneven distribution of disaster-relief funds, resulting in long-term inequality among regions after disasters. This study aimed to measure inequalities in social media attention to regions during disasters and explore the role of official media in reducing such inequality. This is performed by employing social media,official media, and official aggregated statistics regarding China's rainstorm disasters. Through a set of panel-data regressions and robustness tests, three main conclusions were drawn:(1) There were inequalities among regions regarding social media attention they received during rainstorm disasters. For disasters of the same magnitude, regions with low economic outcome per capita received less attention on social media.(2) Official media can reduce inequality in social media attention during disasters. Official media statements can encourage netizens to pay attention to disaster-stricken areas, and especially the overlooked underdeveloped areas.(3) Of all the measures taken by official media, timely, accurate, and open disclosure of disaster occurrences proved to be the most potent means of leveling the playing field in terms of social media attention;contrarily, promotional or booster-type messages proved futile in this regard. These findings revealed the vulnerabilities within social media landscapes that aff ect disaster relief response, shedding light on the role of official guidance in mitigating inequalities in social media attention during such crises. Our study advises social media stakeholders and policymakers on formulating more equitable crisis communication strategies to bridge the gap in social media attention and foster a more balanced and just relief process.

关键词： China, inequality of attention Official media Rainstorm disasters Situational crisis communication theory Social media

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Mechanical performance of cold mix asphalt containing cup lump rubber as a sustainable bio-modifier

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第3期11卷 424-440页

作者： Syed Abdul Ghafar Muhammad Naqiuddin Mohd Warid Norhidayah Abdul Hassan Zulfiqar Ali Jattak Ashraf Abdalla Mohammed Radwan faculty of Civil Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Department of Civil Engineering Balochistan University of Information Technology Engineering & Management Sciences Department of Civil Engineering Balochistan University of Engineering and Technology Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Tripoli

The road construction industry aims to contribute to the protection of already compromised environment. Cold mix asphalt(CMA) is a measure initiated by the road industry to protect the environment and preserve energy. Despite having additional benefits, CMA has attracted little attention due to its inferior performance. CMA's performance is enhanced using a sustainable binder bio-modifier, natural cup lump rubber(CLR) is one of them. This study evaluated the tensile properties, rutting, moisture susceptibility, and adhesion properties of CLR-modified CMA(CMA-CR). The tensile property was enhanced by 26% due to CLR modification. CMA-CR had excellent rutting resistance of less than 2 mm rut depth at 10,000 load cycles, showing 70% improvement compared with conventional CMA.Moisture susceptibility evaluation indicated that CMA-CR had tensile strength ratio(TSR)value of 104%, satisfying the minimum 80% requirement of AASHTO T283. It also retained more than 96% bitumen coating. The moisture damage resistance was improved by 12% and 10% in terms of TSR and stripping, respectively. The durability results revealed that the CMA-CR mixture prevented higher mass loss, representing 14% improvement compared with conventional CMA.

关键词： Cup lump rubber Cup lump modified cold mix asphalt Moisture damage Tensile property Rutting Digital imaging

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Modeling the effect of stand and site characteristics on the probability of mistletoe infestation in Scots pine stands using remote sensing data

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 296-306页

作者： Luiza Tymińska-Czabańska Piotr Janiec Pawel Hawrylo Jacek Slopek Anna Zielonka Pawel Netzel Daniel Janczyk Jaroslaw Socha Department of Forest Resources management Faculty of ForestryUniversity of Agriculture in KrakowAl.29 Listopada 46Krakow31-425Poland Forest management and Geodesy Bureau Ul.Lesnikow 2105-090Sekocin StaryPoland Department of Geoinformatics and Cartography Institute of Geography and Regional DevelopmentFaculty of Earth Sciences and Environmental ManagementUniversity of WroclawPl.Uniwersytecki 1WroclawPoland Institute of Geography and Spatial management Faculty of Geography&GeologyJagiellonian University in KrakowUl.Gronostajowa 730-387Poland Torun Regional Directorate of State Forests Ul.Adama Mickiewicza 987-100TorunPoland

Over the past decade,the presence of mistletoe(Viscum album ssp.austriacum)in Scots pine stands has increased in many European countries.Understanding the factors that influence the occurrence of mistletoe in stands is key to making appropriate forest management decisions to limit damage and prevent the spread of mistletoe in the future.Therefore,the main objective of this study was to determine the probability of mistletoe occurrence in Scots pine stands in relation to stand-related endogenous factors such as age,top height,and stand density,as well as topographic and edaphic factors.We used unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)imagery from 2,247 stands to detect mistletoe in Scots pine stands,while majority stand and site characteristics were calculated from airborne laser scanning(ALS)data.Information on stand age and site type from the State Forest database were also used.We found that mistletoe infestation in Scots pine stands is influenced by stand and site characteristics.We documented that the densest,tallest,and oldest stands were more susceptible to mistletoe infestation.Site type and specific microsite conditions associated with topography were also important factors driving mistletoe occurrence.In addition,climatic water balance was a significant factor in increasing the probability of mistletoe occurrence,which is important in the context of predicted temperature increases associated with climate change.Our results are important for better understanding patterns of mistletoe infestation and ecosystem functioning under climate change.In an era of climate change and technological development,the use of remote sensing methods to determine the risk of mistletoe infestation can be a very useful tool for managing forest ecosystems to maintain forest sustainability and prevent forest disturbance.

关键词： Generalized additive models Tree infestation Mistletoe occurrence ALS UAV Scots pine

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Stock Markets,Financial Depth,and Economic Growth in China:Evidence from ARDLModel

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China Finance and Economic Review 2024年第1期13卷 88-111页

作者： Afef Bouattour Maha Kalai Kamel Helali Higher Institute of Business Administration of Sfax University of Sfax faculty of Economics and management of Sfax University of Sfax

The relationship between financial development and economic growth in China is controversial.From this perspective,this article aims to identify this relationship using both capital market and banking intermediation indicators,which were rarely considered in the previous literature.An autoregressive model with staggered lags(ARDL)examines the long-run cointegration relationship between 1980 and 2020.The results suggest that the contribution of different subsectors of the Chinese financial system to economic growth differs.The development of the money market has a negative impact,whereas market capitalization has a positive impact on economic growth in China.Regarding the contribution of the banking system to China's economic growth,the two variables measuring the depth of financial institutions showed opposite impacts in both the short and long term.Regarding important policy implications,regulators need to ensure a pro-growth environment,effectively regulate the informal banking system,and prevent potential financial risks by revising policies.

关键词： stock markets financial depth economic growth China ARDL

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Daytime-nighttime variations in the concentration of PM_(0.1) carbonaceous particles during a biomass fire episode in Chiang Mai,Thailand

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Particuology 2024年第4期87卷 316-324页

作者： Worradorn Phairuang Thaneeya Chetiyanukornkul Phuchiwan Suriyawong Sotasing Ho Phakphum Paluang Masami Furuuchi Muhammand Amin Mitsuhiko Hata faculty of Gesciences and CivilEngineering Institute of Science and Enginering Kanazawa UniverityKanazawaIshkawa92192Japan Department of Geography Faculty of Social SciencesChiang Mai UniversityMuangChiang Mai 50200Thailand Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityMuangChiang Mai50200Thailand Research Unit for Eergyonomics and Eological management Multidisciplinary Research Insttute Chiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai50200Thailand management and Development Training Program Office National Institute of ScienceTechnology and Innovation120601Cambodia faculty of Engineering Maritim University of Raja Ali HajTanjung PinangKepulauan Riau29115Indonesia

Carbonaceous aerosols affect air quality adversely,affect global warming,and human health.However,our understanding of the impact of ultrafine(PM_(0.1))carbonaceous particulate matter is incomplete,particularly the effects during haze episodes.This study monitored diurnal variations in PM_(0.1) in Chiang Mai,Thailand,from March to April 2020.We investigated carbonaceous PM_(0.1) collected by an ambient nano-sampler and evaluated their effect by using a carbon analyzer(IMPROVE_TOR).The results showed that burning large open areas in the dry season was crucial for increasing the particle mass concentration because of the large open burnings that occurred in this area.The majority of biomass fires near the sampling site occurred during the night,which would allow more particles to be released thus resulting in higher concentrations of PM_(0.1).Hence,the release of PM_(0.1) during the night would obviously result in higher concentrations than that during the day.In the eight carbon profiles,organic carbon 3(OC3)was predicted to be a marker of biomass fires.The carbon indices displayed that PM_(0.1) was influenced by biomass burning both daytime and nighttime.The findings reported herein should be of great impor-tance in terms of establishing biomass burning control policies for mitigating heavy haze pollution in Thailand and elsewhere.

关键词： Biomass burning Carbon Forest fires Nanoparticles Ultrafine particles

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Global warming scenarios for the Eastern Adriatic Sea indicate a higher risk of invasiveness of non-native marine organisms relative to current climate conditions

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第1期6卷 143-154页

作者： Branko Glamuzina Lorenzo Vilizzi Marina Piria Ante Zuljevic Ana Bratos Cetinic Ana Pesic Branko Dragicevic Lovrenc Lipej Marijana Pecarevic Vlasta Bartulovic Sanja Grđan Ivan Cvitkovic Tatjana Dobroslavic Ana Fortic Luka Glamuzina Borut Mavric Jovana Tomanic Marija Despalatovic Domen Trkov Marina Brailo Scepanovic Zoran Vidovic Predrag Simonovic Sanja Matic-Skoko Pero Tutman Department of Applied Ecology University of DubrovnikDubrovnikCroatia Department of Ecology and Vertebrate Zoology Faculty of Biology and Environmental ProtectionUniversity of LodzLodzPoland faculty of Agriculture Department of FisheriesApicultureWildlife Management and Special ZoologyUniversity of ZagrebZagrebCroatia Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries SplitCroatia Institute of Marine Biology University of MontenegroKotorMontenegro National Institute of Biology Marine Biology Station PiranPiranSlovenia Teacher Education faculty University of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia faculty of Biology University of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia

Globally,marine bioinvasions threaten marine ecosystem structure and function,with the Mediterranean Sea being one of the most affected regions.Such invasions are expected to increase due to climate change.We conducted a risk screening of marine organisms(37 fishes,38 invertebrates,and 9 plants),both extant and‘horizon’(i.e.,not present in the area but likely to enter it).Based on expert knowledge for the Eastern Adriatic Sea coasts of Slovenia,Croatia,and Montenegro,screenings were conducted under both current and predicted climate conditions indicating with an increase in sea surface temperature and salinity of the Adriatic Sea together with changes in precipitation regime.Our aims were to:(1)identify non-native extant and horizon marine species that may pose threats to native biodiversity and(2)evaluate the risk of invasiveness of the selected species under current and predicted climate conditions.Of the 84 species screened,there was an increase in those ranked as‘high risk’from 33(39.3%)under current climate conditions and to 47(56.0%)under global warming scenarios.For those ranked as‘very high’risk,the increase was from 6(7.1%)to 21(25.0%).Amongst the screened species,the already established high-risk species Pacific oyster Magallana gigas and Atlantic blue crab Callinectes sapidus represent a threat to ecosystem services.Given the under-representation of marine species in the current European Union List,the species we have ranked as high to very high risk should be included.

关键词： AS-ISK Early detection Introduction vectors/pathways Invasive species Rapid response

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Parkland trees on smallholder farms ameliorate soil physical-chemical properties in the semi-arid area of Tigray,Ethiopia

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第1期16卷 1-13页

作者： Selam LJALEM Emiru BIRHANE Kassa TEKA Daniel H BERHE Department of Land Resources management and Environmental Protection College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural ResourcesMekelle UniversityMekelle 231Ethiopia Institute of Climate and Society Mekelle UniversityMekelle 231Ethiopia faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource management Norwegian University of Life Sciences(NMBU)Ås 1432Norway Department of Natural Resources management Adigrat UniversityAdigrat 50Ethiopia

Proposed agroforestry options should begin with the species that farmers are most familiar with,which would be the native multipurpose trees that have evolved under smallholder farms and socioeconomic conditions.The African birch(Anogeissus leiocarpa(DC.)Guill.&Perr.)and pink jacaranda(Stereospermum kunthianum Cham.)trees are the dominant species in the agroforestry parkland system in the drylands of Tigray,Ethiopia.Smallholder farmers highly value these trees for their multifunctional uses including timber,firewood,charcoal,medicine,etc.These trees also could improve soil fertility.However,the amount of soil physical and chemical properties enhanced by the two species must be determined to maintain the sustainable conservation of the species in the parklands and to scale up to similar agroecological systems.Hence,we selected twelve isolated trees,six from each species that had similar dendrometric characteristics and were growing in similar environmental conditions.We divided the canopy cover of each tree into three radial distances:mid-canopy,canopy edge,and canopy gap(control).At each distance,we took soil samples from three different depths.We collected 216 soil samples(half disturbed and the other half undisturbed)from each canopy position and soil depth.Bulk density(BD),soil moisture content(SMC),soil organic carbon(SOC),total nitrogen(TN),available phosphorus(AP),available potassium(AK),p H,electrical conductivity(EC),and cation exchange capacity(CEC)were analysed.Results revealed that soil physical and chemical properties significantly improved except for soil texture and EC under both species,CEC under A.leiocarpus,and soil p H under S.kunthianum,all the studied soils were improved under both species canopy as compared with canopy gap.SMC,TN,AP,and AK under canopy of these trees were respectively 24.1%,11.1%,55.0%,and 9.3% higher than those soils under control.The two parkland agroforestry species significantly enhanced soil fertility near the canopy of topsoil through improving soil physical and chemica

关键词： agroforestry bulk density carbon stock dispersed tree soil texture tree canopy

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