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Otitis media with effusion in children: Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment.A review

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Journal of Otology 2019年第2期14卷 33-39页

作者： Pauline Vanneste Cyril Page Department of otorhinolaryngology and Head & neck Surgery Amiens University Hospital

Otitis media with effusion(OME)is a frequent paediatric *** condition is often asymptomatic,and so can easily be ***,OME can lead to hearing loss that impairs the child's language and behavioural *** diagnosis is essentially clinical,and is based on otoscopy and(in some cases)*** endoscopy is only indicated in cases of unilateral OME or when obstructive adenoid hypertrophy is *** media with effusion is defined as the observation of middle-ear effusion at consultations three months *** must be evaluated(using an age-appropriate audiometry technique)before and after treatment,so as not to miss another underlying cause of deafness(*** deafness).Craniofacial dysmorphism,respiratory allergy and gastro-oesophageal reflux all favour the development of *** a certain number of medications(antibiotics,corticoids,antihistamines,mucokinetic agents,and nasal decongestants)can be used to treat OME,they are not reliably effective and rarely provide long-term *** benchmark treatment for OME is placement of tympanostomy tubes(TTs)and(in some cases)adjunct *** TTs rapidly normalize hearing and effectively prevent the development of cholesteatoma in the middle *** contrast,TTs do not prevent progression towards tympanic atrophy or a retraction *** enhances the effectiveness of *** children with adenoid hypertrophy,adenoidectomy is indicated before the age of 4 but can be performed later when OME is identified by nasal *** must be followed up until OME has disappeared completely,so that any complications are not missed.

关键词： Otitis media with effusion Tympanostomy tube Ventilation tube Grommet Child

Rigid esophagoscopy combined with angle endoscopy for treatment of superior mediastinal foreign bodies penetrating into the esophagus caused by neck trauma: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第23期7卷 4130-4136页

作者： Dong Wang Chao-Bing Gao Department of otorhinolaryngology Head and neck First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University

BACKGROUND Herein,we report a case in whom two foreign bodies entered the upper mediastinal cavity from the cervical root and subsequently the *** is the preferred treatment method,and operational procedures depend on the size and location of the foreign body relative to the mediastinal *** esophagoscopy combined with angle endoscopic surgery was selected to avoid surgical trauma and *** SUMMARY A 63-year-old male patient with a 6-mo old history of neck trauma presented with a black-brown foreign body in the lateral wall of the *** and chest computed tomography(CT)revealed that two superior mediastinal foreign bodies penetrated the esophagus *** removed two foreign bodies through an *** to the rigid working channel of esophagoscope and good exposure of endoscope,the risk of injury to the adjacent vital tissues was *** comprehensive therapies,including antibiotic administration and nutritional support,resulted in a prompt postoperative *** CT confirmed the absence of a residual foreign body and neck and chest *** addition,upper gastrointestinal angiography and gastroscopy revealed the absence of an evident esophageal *** patient received an oral diet and did not experience any complication at the time of discharge from the *** Rigid esophagoscopy combined with angle endoscopy is an effective,minimally invasive treatment for penetrating neck injuries.

关键词： Superior mediastinal Esophagoscope Esophageal perforation Case report

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World Journal of otorhinolaryngology-Head and neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 97-104页

作者： Mihai A.Bentan Evan R.Reiter Richard M.Costanzo Daniel H.Coelho Department of Otolaryngology-Head&neck Surgery Virginia Commonwealth University School of MedicineRichmondVirginiaUSA

Objective:The aim of this study was to review findings from a large prospective national database of chemosensory disturbances associated with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)*** Sources:The Virginia Commonwealth University Smell and Taste Center national database of COVID-19 chemosensory ***:A series of online surveys,first opened on April 10,2020,was made accessible nationwide to any adult with sudden chemosensory dysfunction since January *** received subsequent follow-up surveys 14 days,1 month,3 months,and 6 months after *** additional survey was sent to all participants on May 28,2022 to assess long-term *** pertaining to demographics,symptoms,comorbidities,treatments,and life impact was ***:Of 363 participants who reported complete smell recovery,51.2%recovered within 1 month,70%within 3 months,and 79%within 6 months,while 8.8%took over 1 year to completely *** all participants,7.5%had no smell *** predictors of recovery included age<40,male gender,and the presence of nasal *** predictors included difficulty breathing and prior head *** participants reported a decrease in quality of life and the presence of potential safety hazards associated with decreased smell ***:Most subjects with COVID-19-related chemosensory dysfunction recover,with the majority noting complete recovery within weeks of *** aged over 40 years and female gender were associated with lower rates of recovery.A considerable number of participants reported significant impact on quality of life and safety.

关键词： anosmia COVID-19 smell

Retrograde cricopharyngeal dysfunction(R-CPD):What do we know so far?

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World Journal of otorhinolaryngology-Head and neck Surgery 2024年第3期10卷 231-236页

作者： Fahad Z.Alotaibi Department of Otolaryngology–Head and neck Surgery Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

Objective:This comprehensive review aims to explain the disease pathophysiology,clinical presentation,and management ***:A review was carried out in the following databases:Medline,Scopus,Web of Science,and *** following terms were used alone and combined:Retrograde,Cricopharyngeus muscle,Dysfunction,Abelchia,and inability to ***:A total of 68 articles were identified,and only 11 were found to be relevant and included in writing this *** cricopharyngeal dysfunction(R-CPD)is a relatively new disease entity that has recently been described in clinical *** is caused by the inability of the cricopharyngeus muscle to *** cricopharyngeal dysfunction(CPD),which is well-known and characterized by dysphagia,R-CPD is characterized by the inability to belch in almost all patients,which is considered diagnostic for the ***:High-resolution manometry(HRM)is the definitive diagnostic *** patients reported in the literature responded well to treatment with botulinum toxin injection.

关键词： botulinum toxin cricopharyngeal dysfunction pharyngoesophageal segment R-CPD retrograde

Comparison of trigeminal lateralization with differing stimulants

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World Journal of otorhinolaryngology-Head and neck Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 66-69页

作者： Tiffany Chen Nicolas S.Poupore Michael C.Shih Thomas S.Edwards Shaun A.Nguyen Zachary M.Soler Rodney J.Schlosser Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and neck Surgery Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA

Trigeminal-specific stimulants have been shown to activate different receptors preferentially and this likely accounts for variation in sensory *** is unclear whether trigeminal sensitivity is similar across different transient receptor potential(TRP)receptors or if dysfunction of different receptors results in differing patient ***,a prospective cohort study was conducted,consisting of trigeminal lateralization testing with three different stimulants(eucalyptol,isothiocyanate,acetic acid),olfaction testing with Sniffin'Sticks,and measurement of various patient‐reported outcome measures(PROMs).A total of 50 participants were enrolled across the olfactory *** TDI score was 27.1±8.3(range 7.0–39.5)with 38%normosmic and 62%*** trigeminal lateralization scores out of 20 in the overall cohort were 16.18(2.78)for eucalyptol,14.94(3.49)for mustard oil,and 15.28(3.68)for *** showed a significant correlation with threshold scores of Sniffin'Sticks.A significant correlation was found between acetic acid and various *** of the lateralization scores of the trigeminal stimulants correlated to each other significantly and there was no correlation to *** lack of correlation suggests that the measured sensitivity of one type of TRP receptor may not translate to similar sensitivity of the other *** investigations with TRPV1 and TRPA1 agonists are needed to corroborate our findings.

关键词： chemosensory olfaction trigeminal TRP receptor

Relapsing polychondritis causing breathlessness: Two case reports

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第23期10卷 8360-8366页

作者： Song-Yu Zhai Yu-Hao Zhang Ru-Yan Guo Jie-Wen Hao Shu-Xin Wen Department of otorhinolaryngology Head and neck Surgery Xi’an Fourth HospitalXi’an 710004Shaanxi ProvinceChina Department of otorhinolaryngology Head and neck Surgery Shanxi Bethune HospitalTaiyuan 030000Shanxi ProvinceChina Department of otorhinolaryngology Head and neck Surgery The First People's Hospital of NanyangNanyang 473000Henan ProvinceChina Department of otorhinolaryngology Head and neck Surgery The Third Clinical College of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan 030000Shanxi ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Relapsing polychondritis is a rare multisystem autoimmune disease that mainly involves systemic cartilage and proteoglycan-rich *** the larynx and trachea are involved,the patient’s condition deteriorates *** relapsing polychondritis becomes more advanced,the airways collapse and treatment is difficult,rendering a poor ***,the diagnosis method,treatment strategy and prognosis of relapsing polychondritis with larynx and trachea involvement need to be elucidated to improve clinicians’awareness of the *** SUMMARY A man and a woman were admitted because of *** polychondritis was diagnosed after a series of accessory *** were both treated with glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants,and underwent tracheotomy as their breathing difficulties could not be relieved by the *** The two cases highlight the importance of the timely diagnosis,full evaluation and initiating individualized treatment of relapsing polychondritis with larynx and trachea ***,bronchoscopy and pathological examination are helpful in diagnosis of this disease.

关键词： Relapsing polychondritis Larynx Trachea Case report

Quick repositioning maneuver for horizontal semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

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Journal of Otology 2015年第3期10卷 115-117页

作者： Jinrang Li Pengfei Guo Shiyu Tian Keliang Li Hao Zhang Department of otorhinolaryngology Head neck Surgery Navy General Hospital

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of quick repositioning maneuver for horizontal semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (H-BPPV). Methods:Clinical data of 67 patients with H-BPPV who underwent quick repositioning maneuver in our hospital from July 2009 to November 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. The maneuver involved rotating the patient in the axial plane for 180? from the involved side towards contralateral side as quickly as possible. Results:Complete symptom resolution was achieved in 61 patients (91.0%) at one week and in 64 patients (95.5%) at 3 months post-treatment. During the repositioning maneuver process, there were no obvious untoward responses except transient nausea with or without vomiting in a few patients. Conclusion:The results indicate that the quick repositioning maneuver is an easy and effective alternative treatment in the management of H-BPPV. Copyright ? 2015 The Authors. Production & hosting by Elsevier (Singapore) Pte Ltd On behalf of PLA General Hospital Department of Otolaryngology Head and neck Surgery. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： Vertigo Vestibular diseases Horizontal semicircular canal Repositioning maneuver

Evaluation of the Quality of Life of Patients Suffering from Chronic Rhinosinusitis in a Hospital Setting in Kinshasa

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & neck Surgery 2024年第1期13卷 41-52页

作者： Hilaire K. Kalala Patricia K. Kakobo Honoré N. Yalombe Lievin K. Mvita Léon N. Muamba Dieudonné T. Nyembue otorhinolaryngology Service University of Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Imaging Department University of Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Ophthalmology Service University of Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Background and objective: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), a common disease worldwide, has a major impact on patients’ quality of life (QoL). In recent years, the measurement of health-related QoL has made it possible to assess the patient’s state of health, the severity of the CRS and the treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the QoL of patients with CRS in a hospital setting in Kinshasa. Methods: This was a cross-sectional analytical study conducted from June 2020 to May 2021 in the ENT service of the Kinshasa University Hospital and the Monkole Hospital Center. The study involved 113 patients aged at least 18 years, whose QOL was compared with that of a control group consisting of 100 non-patients. QOL was assessed using the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) Questionnaire. Results: The mean age of the patients was 41.0 years (18 - 74 years) and that of the controls was 39.1 years (19 - 77 years). More than half of the participants were university graduates. The median SNOT-22 score was 44 (14 - 78) in patients and 7 (1 - 40) in controls. Compared with subjects without CRS, patients with CRS had significantly higher scores in all four domains of the SNOT-22. Around 9 out of 10 patients had a severely impaired QoL compared with 2 out of 10 controls. Considering mildly impaired QoL, we found that in the otological and sleep domains, scores were not significantly different between patients and controls. In the case of severely impaired QoL, however, only the otological domain showed a non-significant difference in scores between the two groups. Conclusion: CRS is a real public health problem in our environment and significantly alters the QoL of patients suffering from it, with repercussions on their professional productivity;hence the need for better management.

关键词： Chronic Rhinosinusitis Quality of Life SNOT-22 ENT Kinshasa

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss-A contemporary review of management issues

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Journal of Otology 2020年第2期15卷 67-73页

作者： Anup Singh David Victor Kumar Irugu Department of otorhinolaryngology and Head and neck Surgery Medanta-the MedicityGurugramHaryanaIndia Department of otorhinolaryngology and Head and neck Surgery All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL)is an enigmatic entity,with obscure pathophysiology and debatable efficacy of the treatment agents *** underlying cause is identified in only 10-15%of *** management of the remaining patients,classified as‘idiopathic’,is empirical,and is conventionally with systemic steroids,vasodilator therapy,rheological agents,and antioxidants,to list a few amongst the host of the agents employed for the *** availability of conflicting outcomes and lack of conclusive evidence has resulted in the propagation of consensus-based treatment *** the present review,we discuss the various controversial issues and newer developments in the management of idiopathic *** current review aims to present a narrative outlook of the updated evidence base available from PUBMED,augmented with relevant designated publications.

关键词： Hearing loss Sudden Sensorineural Instillation Drug Dexamethasone Prognosis