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Is a Mini-Screen for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Feasible?

Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期14卷 767-781页

作者： Tyler Mueller Devin Evavold June-Yung Kim Marilyn G. Klug Larry Burd School of Medicine and Health Sciences University of North Dakota Grand Forks USA Department of social work University of North Dakota Grand Forks USA

Background: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs) are a global public health concern with lifelong consequences for affected individuals. Recent prevalence studies suggest FASD prevalence rates range from 1-5% among school age children. Most people with FASD are not correctly diagnosed and inadequate screening to identify patients with increased risk may contribute to under-diagnosis. This study developed a 10-item screening tool for FASD and examined its feasibility. Methods: The sample consisted of 355 children who had been evaluated at an FASD clinic. Data from the 33-item Alcohol Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder Behavioral Checklist was used to develop a brief FASD screen by comparing the changes in Cronbach’s alpha for different combinations of items. The validity of the brief scale was then further examined using receiving operating characteristic analyses. Results: The 10-item screen demonstrated acceptable sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy to identify children at high risk for FASD. The percentage correctly classified was 91.3 and the area under the receiving operating characteristic curve was 0.971. Conclusions: This feasibility study demonstrated that a screen for FASD consisting of 10 items with yes or no responses can be completed in 3 - 4 minutes. The tool is brief, with a low administration burden and has acceptable epidemiologic performance characteristics including accuracy. Future research should examine the performance of this tool when used in larger, community-based populations where screening for FASD would be appropriate.

关键词： Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs) Children Screening Prevalence

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Evolution of HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control Policies in China:A Grounded Theory Approach

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China CDC weekly 2024年第1期6卷 12-22页

作者： Huang Li Rui Gao Chichen Zhang School of Public Health Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina School of Health Management Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Philosophy and social Sciences of Colleges and Universities in Guangdong Province for Collaborative Innovation of Health Management Policy and Precision Health Service Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Graduate School Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou CityJiangsu ProvinceChina School of Political Science and Public administration Soochow UniversitySuzhou CityJiangsu ProvinceChina

Objective:This study aims to provide a theoretical foundation for the development and practical application of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)prevention and control policy systems in China by scrutinizing,analyzing,and synthesizing the evolution of Chinese policies in this ***:Utilizing grounded theory,we employed NVivo12 software to perform text content analysis,mining,and coding classification,along with visualization techniques,on policy texts sourced from Chinese government platforms,including the official website of China’s State *** considered four analytical dimensions—time,subject,type,and ***:The National Health Commission and the State Council emerged as the primary entities engaged in policymaking for HIV/AIDS in *** identified four distinct stages in the evolution of these policies,culminating in a novel‘sun-shaped’HIV/AIDS prevention and control policy network model with an emphasis on‘knowledge,attitude,and practice’at its nucleus,which aligns with national conditions and societal ***,the focal groups of these policies have been dynamically refined and updated over ***:Our findings introduce a‘sunshaped’HIV/AIDS prevention and control policy network model specific to *** observed a conceptual policy shift towards prioritizing overall human health rather than confining the focus to disease ***,in light of China’s growing elderly population,the imperative to address HIV/AIDS prevention and control among older adults is an issue that warrants increased attention.

关键词： prevention HIV/AIDS policy

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Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence for social Governance

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social Sciences in China 2024年第2期45卷 135-151页

作者： Zang Leizhen Song Xiongwei Yan Changwu School of Public administration and Policy Renmin University of China Department of Research on United Front work Party School of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(National Academy of Governance) School of Public administration Ji'nan University

As AI technology continues to evolve,it plays an increasingly significant role in everyday life and social ***,the frequent occurrence of issues such as algorithmic bias,privacy breaches,and data leaks has led to a crisis of trust in AI among the public,presenting numerous challenges to social *** technical trust in Al,reducing uncertainties in AI development,and enhancing its effectiveness in social governance have become a consensus among policymakers and *** comparing different types of AI,the paper proposes and conceptualizes the idea of trustworthy Al,then discusses its characteristics and its value and impact pathways in social *** analysis addresses how mismatches in technological trust can affect social stability and the advancement of AI *** paper highlights the potential of trustworthy AI to improve the efficiency of social governance and solve complex social problems.

关键词： trustworthy artificial intelligence(AI) social governance ethical concern technology development public sector

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Continuing to Improve the Market Environment for Fair Competition

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Qiu Shi 2024年第2期16卷 37-44页

作者：无 CPC Leadership Groupof the State administration for Market Regulation

As a fundamental principle of the market economy,fair competition provides a crucial foundation for the efficient operation of market *** report to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC)held in October 2022 states that the CPC will work to"refine the systems underpinning the market economy,such as those for property rights protection,market access,fair competition,and social credibility,in order to improve the business environment."

关键词： mechanisms. Market market

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Maternal perceived self-efficacy, perceived vulnerability and child health outcome in Ibadan, South-West Nigeria

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Global Health Journal 2023年第2期7卷 94-100页

作者： Tosin Yinka Akintunde Department of Sociology School of Public AdministrationHohai UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211100China Department of social work Chinese University of Hong KongSha tinHong Kong 999077China

Objective:The problems associated with child health continue to constitute a global concern,and child morbidity and mortality remain problematic in Sub-Sahara Africa(SSA).Utilizing a community-based survey conducted in Ibadan North Local government,Southwest Nigeria the study examined the influences of maternal perceived self-efficacy(MPSE)and maternal perceived vulnerability(MPV)on child health outcomes(CHO).Methods:The study appraised data from 683 nursing mothers aged 15-45 obtained from 20 major primary healthcare centers in the region undergoing routine health checks for their *** regression models were fitted to examine the effects of MPV,MPSE,and confounding variables of maternal preventive actions such as insecticide-treated nets(ITN)usage and child immunization,among other maternal and child sociodemographic attributes on ***:The study finds that MPV has no correlation with CHO and MPSE but positively correlates with maternal age(r=0.123,P<0.05).However,CHO has a negative correlation with MPSE(r=-0.200,P<0.05)while positively correlated with child age(r=0.134,P<0.05).MPSE has a unique effect on CHO(β=-0.203,P<0.05),maternal preventive action of ITN usage show a positive association with CHO in the study Model 2(β=-0.163,P<0.05),while in Model 3,child's age has a positive association with CHO(β=0.180,P<0.05).The net effect of the study models accounted for approximately 10%of the variance in CHO reported among the ***:Overall,MPSE and ITN usage are essential factors for understanding and reducing the potential adverse *** effort must continue to improve maternal education to support child health and preventive carepractices in SSA.

关键词： Child health outcome Maternal perceived self-efficacy Maternal perceived vulnerability Morbidity Nigeria

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Fostering firm innovativeness:Understanding the sequential relationships between human resource practices,psychological empowerment,innovative work behavior,and firm innovative capability

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International Journal of Innovation Studies 2024年第1期8卷 76-91页

作者： Ruba Sami Al Daboub Amro Al-Madadha Ahmad Samed Al-Adwan Business administration Department Princess Sumaya University for TechnologyAmmanJordan Department of Business Technology Business SchoolHourani Center for Applied Scientific ResearchAl-Ahliyya Amman UniversityAmmanJordan

This study investigated the relationships between human resource(HR)practices,employee psychological empowerment,employee innovative work behavior,and firm innovation capability in the context of the Information and Communication Technology(ICT)sector in *** the social Exchange Theory(SET)as a guiding framework,this study explored how employee psychological empowerment and innovative work behavior mediated the influence of HR practices on a firm’s innovative *** on extensive data collected from ICT organizations in Jordan,our analysis had several key findings.A significant positive correlation between HR practices and psychological empowerment was *** design emerged as the most influential factor affecting psychological empowerment,whereas compensation had a weaker ***,we established that psychological empowerment significantly enhanced innovative work behavior,underscoring its role as a catalyst for innovative work behavior within the ***,our study supported the theory that psychological empowerment influenced a firms’innovation capabilities,emphasizing the pivotal role of employee empowerment in driving firm-level innovation in the Jordanian ICT *** findings provide insights for academic and practical audiences,clarifying how HR practices,employee psychological empowerment,and innovative work behavior collectively influenced firm innovation capability within the unique context of the Jordanian ICT sector.

关键词： Human resources practices Psychological empowerment Innovative work behavior Firm innovative capability social exchange theory Job design

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Effects of Electro-Acupuncture on Personality Traits in Depression:A Randomized Controlled Study

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2013年第10期19卷 777-782页

作者：汪卫东吕学玉吴兆文洪兰赵阳林颖娜王芳 Department of Psychology Guang'anmen HospitalChina Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Department of social work and social administration the University of Hong Kong

Objective： To explore the personality-adjusting effect of electro-acupuncture treatment for depression and compared this treatment with paroxetine treatment. Methods： A non-blinded, randomized controlled trial was adopted. Sixty depressed patients, who met trial criteria, were randomly assigned to the treatment and the control groups. In the treatment group, electro-acupuncture treatment was used, and paroxetine treatment was used in the control group. During the 24-week study period, 12 patients dropped out and 48 patients completed the study. The Minnesota Multiple Personality Inventory （MMPI） was adopted as the evaluation tool. At the same time, the Self-rating Depression Scale （SDS）, Self-rating Anxiety Scale （SAS） and Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale （MADRS） were used to evaluate the psychological state. Evaluations were done before and after treatment. Results： After treatment, patients＇ psychological state improved significantly in both groups （P〈0.01）. For the treatment group, within-group comparison between baseline and after 24 weeks of treatment showed that severity of depression had significantly decreased （P〈0.01）. MADRS and SDS scores decreased significantly （P〈0.05） and MMPI subscale scores for hypochondriasis, depression, psychopathic deviate, psychasthenia, social introversion and fake decreased significantly （P〈0.05）. For the control group, severity of depression also decreased significantly. MADRS and SDS scores decreased significantly （P〈0.05）; and MMPI subscale scores for hypochondriasis, depression, hysteria, paranoia, and psychasthenia decreased significantly （P〈0.05）. Between-group comparison demonstrated that for the MMPI subscales paranoia and social introversion, the decrease of score was greater in the treatment group than in the control group （P〈0.05）. However, there were no other significant differences between the control group and the treatment group. Conclusion： Electro-acupuncture is effective for treating depression and af

关键词： depression personality adjusting paroxetine electro-acupuncture Minnesota MultiplePersonality Inventory

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A Large-Scale Group Decision Making Model Based on Trust Relationship and social Network Updating

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工程与科学中的计算机建模(英文) 2024年第1期138卷 429-458页

作者： Rongrong Ren Luyang Su Xinyu Meng Jianfang Wang Meng Zhao School of Business administration Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819China School of Management Northeastern University at QinhuangdaoQinhuangdao066004China School of Modern Logistics Shanxi Vocational University of Engineering Science and TechnologyTaiyuan030031China Business School Sichuan UniversityChengdu610064China

With the development of big data and social computing,large-scale group decisionmaking(LGDM)is nowmerging with social *** social network analysis(SNA),this study proposes an LGDM consensus model that considers the trust relationship among decisionmakers(DMs).In the process of consensusmeasurement:the social network is constructed according to the social relationship among DMs,and the Louvain method is introduced to classify social networks to form *** this study,the weights of each decision maker and each subgroup are computed by comprehensive network weights and trust *** the process of consensus improvement:A feedback mechanism with four identification and two direction rules is designed to guide the consensus of the improvement *** on the trust relationship among DMs,the preferences are modified,and the corresponding social network is updated to accelerate the *** with the previous research,the proposedmodel not only allows the subgroups to be reconstructed and updated during the adjustment process,but also improves the accuracy of the adjustment by the ***,an example analysis is conducted to verify the effectiveness and flexibility of the proposed ***,compared with previous studies,the superiority of the proposed method in solving the LGDM problem is highlighted.

关键词： Large-scale group decision making social network updating trust relationship group consensus feedback mechanism

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A nonparametric estimation of the infection curve

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Science China Mathematics 2011年第9期54卷 1815-1828页

作者： LIN HuaZhen YIP Paul S. F HUGGINS Richard M School of Statistics Southwestern University of Finance and Economics Chengdu 611130 China social work and social administration University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Mathematics and Statistics The University of Melbourne Melbourne Australia

Predicting the future course of an epidemic depends on being able to estimate the current numbers of infected ***,while back-projection techniques allow reliable estimation of the numbers of infected individuals in the more distant past,they are less reliable in the recent *** propose two new nonparametric methods to estimate the unobserved numbers of infected individuals in the recent past in an *** proposed methods are noniterative,easily computed and asymptotically normal with simple variance *** show that the proposed methods are much more robust and accurate than the existing back projection method,especially for the recent past,which is our primary *** apply the proposed methods to the 2003 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndorme(SARS) epidemic in Hong Kong.

关键词：参数估计感染曲线非参数方法投影技术仿真结果投影方法 SARS

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Economic burden of premature deaths attributable to different heatwaves in China: A multi-site study, 2014-2019

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2023年第6期14卷 836-846页

作者： Cheng ZHAO Yong-Hong LI Shilu TONG Rong WANG Yu WANG Yi-Bin CHENG Yi-Ran LYU Yu-Shu HUANG Jiang HE Jia GUO Xiao-Yuan YAO China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health National Institute of Environmental HealthChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100021China School of Public Health Institute of Environment and Population HealthAnhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032China School of Public Health and social work Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbane 4006Australia National Climate Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China

It has been well documented that heatwaves are linked to elevated mortality and ***,the selection of optimal heatwave definitions for subsequent risk assessment has been inconsistent and there is no full picture of the effects of heatwaves with different intensities on economic losses due to mortality,which can provide important insights for public health ***,we used a two-stage time series analysis,combined with values of statistical life(VsL)based on the value of a statistical life year to assess the economic burden of deaths associated with heatwaves of different intensities and durations and to identify the vulnerable populations and *** further conducted stratified analyses by age,sex,and *** found 2.9%(95%CI:0.0%,6.5%)-20.0%(95%CI:2.9%,34.2%)of VsL were attributable to heatwaves,corresponding to attributable economic losses(AELs)of 2.20(95%CI:0.32,3.77)-4.77(95%CI:1.53,7.63)billion *** economic burden of death was most sensitive to heatwave H99P_2D(99th percentile,at last 2 consecutive days),while H97.5P_2D(97.5th percentile,at last 2 consecutive days)caused the highest attributable economic *** and elderly people aged≥65 years were more *** AELs in the temperate zone and northern regions were larger than those in subtropical zone and southern regions during relatively low-intensity heatwaves,*** contrast,the AELs in subtropical zone and southern regions were relatively higher than those in temperate zone and northern regions during relatively high-intensity heatwaves,*** AELs were larger in urban areas than in rural *** intervention strategies,primarily focusing on vulnerable populations and regions,should be formulated to reduce the economic loss due to heatwaves in the context of climate change.

关键词： Heatwaves Economic burden Mortality Values of statistical life

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