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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in developing countries

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第24期11卷 3808-3809页

作者： Hossein Bahrami Department of epidemiology

TO THE EDITORNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an increasingly known medical entity with high prevalence, about 1 0 to 24 percent in general population and up to 74% in obese population[1]. The prevalence of the disease is expected to increase worldwide, as we are encountering the global obesity epidemic and the trend in developing countries toward the Western lifestyles. However, it looks that there are some differences between the demographic and epidemiologic features of NAFLD in developing and developed countries.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver Developing countries

An approach to incorporate linkage disequilibrium structure into genomic association analysis

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2008年第6期35卷 381-385页

作者： Diane Wagener Statistics and epidemiology Unit Research Triangle Institute

In this study, we propose to use the principal component analysis （PCA） and regression model to incorporate linkage disequilibrium （LD） in genomic association data analysis. To accommodate LD in genomic data and reduce multiple testing, we suggest performing PCA and extracting the PCA score to capture the variation of genomic data, after which regression analysis is used to assess the association of the disease with the principal component score. An empirical analysis result shows that both genotype-based correlation matrix and haplotype-based LD matrix can produce similar results for PCA. Principal component score seems to be more powerful in detecting genetic association because the principal component score is quantitatively measured and may be able to capture the effect of multiple loci.

关键词： genetic association analysis principal component analysis linkage disequilibrium

Gene-diet interactions in gastric cancer risk: A systematic review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第28期20卷 9600-9610页

作者： Jeongseon Kim Young Ae Cho Wook Jin Choi Seung Hwa Jeong Molecular epidemiology Branch Division of Cancer Epidemiology and PreventionResearch InstituteNational Cancer Center

AIM:To conduct a systematic review of the published epidemiological studies investigating the association of the interactions between gene variants and dietary intake with gastric cancer ***:A literature search was conducted in PubMed,EMBASE,and MEDLINE for articles published between January 2000 and July 2013,and 38 studies were *** studies included various dietary factors(e.g.,fruits and vegetables,soybean products,salt,meat,and alcohol)and genetic variants that are involved in various metabolic ***:Studies suggest that individuals who carry high-risk genetic variants and demonstrate particular dietary habits may have an increased risk of gastric cancer compared with those who do not carry high-risk genetic *** dietary patterns and variations in the frequency of genetic variants may explain the higher incidence of gastric cancer in a particular ***,most previous studies have limitations,such as a small sample size and a retrospective casecontrol *** addition,past studies have been unable to elucidate the specific mechanism in gene-diet interaction associated with gastric ***:Additional large prospective epidemiological and experimental studies are required to identify the gene-diet metabolic pathways related to gastric cancer susceptibility.

关键词： Gastric cancer Gene Diet Interaction

Relationship between ERCC2 Polymorphism and Risk of Lung Cancer in Chinese Nonsmoker

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2007年第3期19卷 184-188页

作者：尹智华李鸣川崔泽实何钦成周宝森 Department of epidemiology China Medical University

Objective： Excision repair cross-complimentary group 2 （ERCC2） is one of the important DNA repair genes. ERCC2 codon 751 polymorphism has been shown to modulate cancer risk. We therefore assessed the relationship between the ERCC2 polymorphism and the susceptibility to lung cancer in nonsmoking females via a hospital-based case-control study. Methods： There were 105 lung cancer cases and matched healthy controls in this study. Information concerning demographic and risk factors was obtained, each person donated 2 ml blood for biomarker testing. ERCC2 genotypes were determined by PCR-RFLP method. All of the statistical analyses were performed with SPSS （v 12.0）. Results： All of the subjects in this study were nonsmoking females in Shenyang. There was significant difference between the frequencies of ERCC2 polymorphism in cancer cases and controls （P〈0.05）. The frequencies of ERCC2 751 Gin allele were 6.2% in controls and 13.8% in cancer cases. The individuals with Lys/Gln＋Gln/Gln combined genotype were at an increased risk for lung cancer as compared with those carrying the Lys/Lys genotype （adjusted OR=2.80, 95%=CI 1.21-6.48）. We analyzed the environmental risk factors for lung cancer in nonsmoking females. The cancer patients showed a higher prevalence of exposure to cooking fumes compared with controls （OR=2.44, P〈0.05）. Furthermore, an interaction between exposure to cooking fumes and the variant ERCC2 751 Gin allele on the risk of lung cancer was observed. Individuals with both risk genotype and exposure to cooking fumes had a higher risk of cancer than those with only one of them. Conclusion： The above findings indicate that the genetic polymorphism in the ERCC2 codon 751 is associated with the risk of lung cancer in nonsmoking females.

关键词： ERCC2 gene Lung cancer Nonsmoker

Role of nuclear receptor NR4A2 in gastrointestinal inflammation and cancers

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第47期18卷 6865-6873页

作者： Yi-Fang Han Guang-Wen Cao Department of epidemiology Second Military Medical University

NR4A2 is a transcription factor belonging to the steroid orphan nuclear receptor *** was originally considered to be essential in the generation and maintenance of dopaminergic neurons,and associated with neurological disorders such as Parkinson's ***,NR4A2 has been found to play a critical role in some inflammatory diseases and ***4A2 can be efficiently trans-activated by some proinflammatory cytokines,such as tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-1β,and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF).The nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway serves as a principal regulator of inducible NR4A expression in immune ***4A2 can trans-activate Foxp3,a hallmark specifically expressed in regulatory T(Treg) cells,and plays a critical role in the differentiation,maintenance,and function of Treg ***4A2 in T lymphocytes is pivotal for Treg cell induction and suppression of aberrant induction of Th1 under physiological and pathological *** density of Foxp3 + Treg cells is significantly associated with gastrointestinal inflammation,tumor immune escape,and disease ***4A2 is produced at high levels in CD133 + colorectal carcinoma(CRC) cells and significantly upregulated by cyclooxygenase-2-derived prostaglandin E 2 in a cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)/protein kinase A(PKA)-dependent manner in CRC *** cAMP/PKA signaling pathway is the common pathway of NR4A2-related inflammation and ***4A2 trans-activates osteopontin,a direct target of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway associated with CRC invasion,metastasis,and poor *** of endogenous NR4A2 expression attenuates VEGF-induced endothelial cell proliferation,migration and in vivo *** together,NR4A2 emerges as an important nuclear factor linking gastrointestinal inflammation and cancer,especially CRC,and should serve as a candidate therapeutic target for inflammation-related gastrointestinal cancer.

关键词： NR4A2 Inflammation Immune cells Signaling pathway Gastrointestinal carcinoma

Fish sauce and gastric cancer:an ecological study in Fujian Province,China

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2000年第5期6卷 671-675页

作者： Lin Cai Shun Zhang Yu Wei Min Ye Ying Nan Yi Department of epidemiology Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350004China Department of epidemiology Shanghai Medical UniversityShanghai 200032China

AIM To explore the relationship betweenconsumption of fish sauce and the risk of gastriccancer in Fujian *** An ecological study was carriedout.A total of 11000 subjects from 55 townshipswere randomly selected from 10 counties withinFujian *** subjects were localresidents who had been living in Fujian Provincefor more than 20 years,within the age group of45-74 *** interviewers conductedface-to-face interviews with a standardizedquestionnaire,which covered the frequency andamount of food intake,dietary habit,tobaccoand alcohol consumption and history of chronicgastric *** and multivariateanalyses were performed using Epi-info and SASstatistical packages,*** A significant correlation betweenmonthly consumption of fish sauce and mortalityof gastric cancer was ***’scoefficient of correlation was statisticallysignificant with r=0.7356 for males,r=0.5246for females(P<0.01).In the multivariateanalysis,consumption of fish sauce still showedan association with the risk of gastric *** significant positive correlation betweenesophagus cancer,liver cancer,colon cancerand consumption of fish sauce were *** Long-term intake of fish saucemay be related to high mortality of *** of fish sauce might be oneof important and unique etiologic factors ofgastric cancer in Fujian *** are needed to confirm this ecologicalstudy.

关键词： stomach neoplasm/etiology food habits risk factors nit rosamines epidemiology fish products fish sauce carcinogens

Mechanism of Japanese encephalitis virus genotypes replacement based on human,porcine and mosquito-originated cell lines model

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第4期9卷 325-328页

作者： Loan Phuong Do Trang Minh Bui Nga Thi Phan National Institute of Hygiene and epidemiology

Objective:To examine the multiplication efficiency Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV)genotype Ⅰ(G Ⅰ) and genotype Ⅲ(GⅢ) of different cell lines which originated from human,porcine,mosquitoes in order to prove mechanism of JEV G Ⅰ replacement JEV GⅢ since it emerging in nature recent ***:The mixture of Gi and GⅢ JEV isolates was inoculated on human rhabdomyosarcoma(RD).pig kidney epithelial(PS) and Aedes albopictus C6/36 clone(C6/36) which originated from human,porcine and mosquitoes,*** assays were performed to calculate virus titer and real-time RT-PCR with GⅠand GⅢspecific primer sets to quantify the number of GⅠ and GUI RNA ***:The highest virus titer reached at the 3rd day of post infection when G Ⅰand GⅢ mixture was inoculated on RD and PS and that of C636 was at the 4^(th)*** were amplified and maintained by C6/36 cells after 10 passages whereas that by RD and PS only limited within 8 and 6 passages,respectively.GⅠ strain amplified and maintained more efficiently on C6/36 and PS but not *** GⅢ strain amplified and maintained more efficiently on ***:There is a correlation between the multiplication efficiency of GⅠ and GⅢ JEV strains when these two genotype strains co-infected on different cell lines with the predominance of GⅠstrains in C6/36 and PS and the limited detection of G 1 strains in RD cells proving a possible mechanism of shift JEV genotypes in nature recent decades since GⅠ emerging.

关键词： Japanese encephalitis virus Genotype I Genotype Ⅲ Multiplication Shift genotype

Adiponectin as a protective factor in hepatic steatosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第12期11卷 1737-1741页

作者： Nahum Méndez-Sánchez Norberto C.Chávez-Tapia Antonio R.Villa Karla Sánchez-Lara Daniel Zamora-Valdés Martha H.Ramos Misael Uribe Liver Research Unit Clinical epidemiology Unit

AIM: Obesity and insulin resistance (IR) are closely related to hepatic steatosis (HS), and adiponectin is a hepatic insulin sensitizer that has important effects in liver function. This study aims at investigating the relationship between serum adiponectin concentration and the presence of HS. METHODS: We carried out a cross-sectional study in a check-up unit of a University Hospital in Mexico City. We enrolled 196 subjects, comprising 98 subjects with HS (27 women, 71 men) and 98 controls (37 women and 61 men). Anthropometric, metabolic and biochemical variables were measured in the two groups. Serum adiponectin and leptin concentrations were determined, their association with grade of HS tested, and concentrations, according to quartiles, compared between cases and controls. X2 analysis for linear trends was used to test for a dose-response relationship and logistic regression analysis was conducted to test for a protective effect of adiponectin. RESULTS: The HS subjects were older and more obese than controls, with a central obesity pattern. In the fourth quartile of adiponectin concentrations, HS was less common and severe. In a multivariate model of the fourth quartile of the adiponectin concentrations, we observed a protective effect (OR = 0.17, 95%CI: 0.04-0.67, P= 0.01). In subjects with more severe HS, we observed higher leptin concentrations, and caloric intakes, total fat and iron consumption were higher than in controls. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study suggest that a high serum concentration of adiponectin is associated with a protective effect against HS.

关键词： Adiponectin Hepatic steatosis Leptin Diet

Pandora of Ebola virus: are we ready?

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第32期59卷 4235-4236页

作者： Ruifu Yang Beijing Institute of Microbiology and epidemiology

在 2014 年 3 月 23 日，畿尼的健康的部通知了在东南的 forested 区域的 Ebola 病毒疾病(EVD ) 的很快传播的爆发，并且 4 ? 天以后，疾病被证实被传给 Conakry，畿尼的首都。疾病很快也传播了到利比里亚，尼日利亚和塞拉利昂。2014 年... 详细信息

在 2014 年 3 月 23 日，畿尼的健康的部通知了在东南的 forested 区域的 Ebola 病毒疾病(EVD ) 的很快传播的爆发，并且 4 ? 天以后，疾病被证实被传给 Conakry，畿尼的首都。疾病很快也传播了到利比里亚，尼日利亚和塞拉利昂。2014 年 7 月 27 日，累积数字证实(909 ) ，可能(276 ) 并且在上述四个国家的嫌疑犯(138 ) EVD 盒子到达了 1,323，包括 729 死亡(与 55.1 的死亡率 ?%)(http://***/csr/don/2014_07_31_ebola/en/) 。这是 EVD 的最大的爆发直到现在并且第一次疾病在韦斯特检测了非洲。

关键词：埃博拉病毒 EVD 森林地区利比里亚塞拉利昂尼日利亚 HTTP 几内亚