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Amount and temperature effects responsible for precipitation isotope variation in the southern slope of Himalayas

Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2013年第2期5卷 165-176页

作者： Tek Bahadur Chhetri TanDong Yao LiDe Tian XinPing Zhang Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Central dept. of Hydrology and Meteorology Tribhuvan University College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Hunan Normal University

Seasonal variation of stable isotopes in precipitation of Kathmandu Valley on the southem slope of Himalaya was carried out to understand the controlling mechanism of amount and temperature effect on the basis of one year stable isotope data from 2010 to 2011. Highly depleted isotope values in major rainy period are obtained just after the onset of precipitation in summer, which ac- counts for ＂amount effect＂ due to saturation isotopic compositions in high moisture condition, whereas, the higher values in winter are indicative to regional vapors （temperature effect） recycling of various sources. An abrupt depletion of isotope values in mid- June, indicates the onset date of monsoon precipitation, by the replacement of winter air mass with southem monsoon. Thus, pre- cipitation isotopes are a tool revealing the onset date of summer monsoon and temporal features of variability, in local and regional monsoons precipitations. A comparison of long term monthly values of 5180, temperature, and precipitation with GNIP 6180 data shows the temporal variations of stable isotopes are mostly controlled by amount and temperature effects. During summer mon- soon, the amount effects are stronger for high values of precipitation （R=0.7） and altitude effect appears for low moisture in late rainy season, thus from December to June （winter to pre-monsoon） the controlling features of isotopes remains under the temper- ature effect. A temporal rate of temperature effect is derived as 0.04%0 per year which indicates a dry signal of atmospheric condition and a temperature relation 5180=（0.371±0.08）T＋（0.156±0.05） is obtained from this analysis. The meteoric water lines of Kathmandu before and after monsoon onset of 2011, are found as 5D=（4.36±0.3）5180＋（15.66±1.2） and 5D=（6.91±0.2）S180-（7.92±2.26） from lab samples result, and 5D=9.25180＋11.725 and 5D=8.535180＋16.65 from GNIP data, which lacks the consistency both for slopes and intercepts values for the study period. The mean lapse rate val

关键词： amount effect temperature effect precipitation meteoric water line

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Eigen microstates and their evolutions in complex systems

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2021年第6期73卷 140-157页

作者： Yu Sun Gaoke Hu Yongwen Zhang Bo Lu Zhenghui Lu Jingfang Fan Xiaoteng Li Qimin Deng Xiaosong Chen Institute of Theoretical Physics Key Laboratory of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesPO Box 2735Beijing 100190China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of ScienceNo.19A Yuquan RoadBeijing 100049China Beijing Computational Science Research Center Beijing 100193China Data Science Research Center Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650500China Laboratory for Climate Studies National Climate CenterChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China CAS Key Laboratory of Regional Climate Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China School of Systems Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Harvest Fund Management Beijing 100021China Lab for Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere Studies Deptof Atmospheric and Oceanic SciencesSchool of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing100871China

Emergence refers to the existence or formation of collective behaviors in complex ***,we develop a theoretical framework based on the eigen microstate theory to analyze the emerging phenomena and dynamic evolution of complex *** this framework,the statistical ensemble composed of M microstates of a complex system with N agents is defined by the normalized N×M matrix A,whose columns represent microstates and order of row is consist with the *** ensemble matrix A can be decomposed as■,where r=min(N,M),eigenvalueσIbehaves as the probability amplitude of the eigen microstate U_I so that■and U_I evolves following V_*** a disorder complex system,there is no dominant eigenvalue and eigen *** a probability amplitudeσIbecomes finite in the thermodynamic limit,there is a condensation of the eigen microstate UIin analogy to the Bose–Einstein condensation of Bose *** indicates the emergence of U_I and a phase transition in complex *** framework has been applied successfully to equilibrium threedimensional Ising model,climate system and stock *** anticipate that our eigen microstate method can be used to study non-equilibrium complex systems with unknown orderparameters,such as phase transitions of collective motion and tipping points in climate systems and ecosystems.

关键词： complex system phase transition critical phenomena Earth system statistical ensemble eigen microstate dynamic evolution econophysics

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Controlling Plasmas for Nanofabrication and Plasma Treatment of Living Tissue

Controlling Plasmas for Nanofabrication and Plasma Treatment...

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第18届国际真空大会

作者： Natalia Yu. Babaeva Sang-Heon Song Juline Shoeb Mark J. Kushner University of Michigan Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science1301 Beal Ave.Ann ArborMI 48109 USA

The fabrication of nano-structures by plasma processing requires unprecedented control over the properties of the plasma in terms of uniformity, composition of the flux and the energy distributions of reactants. Obtaining this control becomes that much more challenging in microelectronics fabrication when scaling wafers to 450 mm. Strategies to customize the composition and energies of reactant fluxes in low pressure plasmas include the design of the plasma source and modulation of the power applied to the plasma source. At the other extreme, atmospheric pressure plasmas are now being used to treat living （human） tissue -a process that also results in nano-modification of materials, in this case modification of biological structures such as ion-channels in cell walls. The need for control of plasma sources in this arena is arguably as stringent as that at low pressure for inorganic materials.

关键词： plasma nanofabrication plasma medicine control strategies

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Performance Comparison of PIN and APD based FSO Satellite Systems for various Pulse Modulation Schemes in atmospheric Turbulence

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Communications and Network 2013年第3期5卷 200-203页

作者： Pooja Gopal V. K. Jain Subrat Kar Bharti School of Telecom Tech. and Mgmt. IIT Delhi New Delhi India Electrical Engineering dept. IIT Delhi New Delhi India

In this paper, the performance of various Pulse Position Modulation (PPM) schemes has been analysed for PIN and APD receivers in the presence of atmospheric turbulence. It is observed that the performance of the APD receiver is always better than that of the PIN receiver as expected. Among the various modulation schemes, the performance of Differential Amplitude PPM (DAPPM) scheme with more number of amplitude levels is better than that of the other schemes for the same single level peak amplitude. Further, the optimum gain of APD receiver does not change substantially for different modulation schemes and turbulent conditions.

关键词： Free Space Optics Pulse Modulation Ground-to-satellite Communications

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Thermodynamic properties of three alkaloids in normal saline

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宝鸡文理学院学报（自然科学版） 2012年第1期32卷 12-13,18页

作者： PU Xiao-hua Key Laboratory for Phytochemistry of Shaanxi Province Dept. Chem. ＆ Chem. Eng. Baoji University of Arts and Sciences Baoji 721013 Shaanxi China

Aim To provide a potent reference for the clinical application of these *** The enthalpy of dissolution for these alkaloids in normal saline are measured using a RD4962000Calvet Microcalorimeter at 36.5℃under atmospheric *** The differential enthalpy(Δ dif H m) and molar enthalpy(Δ sol H m) were determined for these alkaloids in normal *** On the basis of these experimental data and calculated results,the kinetic equation,half-life,Δ sol H m,Δ sol G m andΔ sol S m of the dissolution process were also obtained.

关键词： thermodynamic properties oxymatrine cytisine oxysophocarpine

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Study of the Indicators of Climate Change in Mysore District, Karnataka, India

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atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2020年第2期10卷 159-167页

作者： Alaa Samy Hafez Megahed S. Srikantaswamy dept. of Studies in Environmental Science University of Mysore Manasagangothri Mysore Karnataka India Social Studies Department Socio-economic Studies Division Desert Research Center Matariya Cairo Egypt

The study aims to find out the changes of climate change parameters for Mysore district. To analyse the variations in climatic parameters like Rainfall and Temperature, data were used for a period of 1986-2016, and Humidity data were used for a period of 2000-2016 to study the nature of climate change in the region. The findings of the study show that the climate variability and climate change for Mysore district, the monthly Rainfall is increased and monsoon Rainfall shows a decrease in trend. And the monthly, summer, monsoon minimum Temperature shows that decrease. Generally, the monthly maximum Temperature has decreased, but in case of summer and monsoon seasons increased respectively, and the monthly Relative Humidity has increased (positive). There is a decrease in Relative Humidity from January to April, and increase in the Relative Humidity during Monsoon season for Mysore District. The Annual average of Relative Humidity shows that it is increased for Mysore District.

关键词： Climate Change Rainfall Temperature Mysore District

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Empirical Relationships between Prismatic Soil Strength Index and Cone Index

Empirical Relationships between Prismatic Soil Strength Inde...

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国际农业工程大会

作者： Sun-Ok Chung Kenneth A. Sudduth John W. Hummel Newell R. Kitchen Peter P. Motavalli Agricultural Engineering Researcher National Institute of Agricultural Engineering Rural Development Administration Suwon Republic of Korea Cropping Systems and Water Quality Research USDA-ARS Columbia MO USA Cropping Systems and Water Quality Research USDA-ARS Columbia MO USA Cropping Systems and Water Quality Research USDA-ARS Columbia MO USA Assistant Professor Soil Environmental ＆ Atmospheric Sciences Dept. Univ. of Missouri Columbia MO

＜正＞ Georeferenced measurements of soil strength can provide information useful for site-specific management. Because the conventional instrument for obtaining such measurements （i.e., cone penetrometer） provides only point data, we developed a horizontally operating on-the-go soil strength profile sensor （SSPS） that provides measurements at five dept.s up to 50 cm.

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中国大陆东南部莫霍面起伏及其动力学机制

中国大陆东南部莫霍面起伏及其动力学机制

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2014年中国地球科学联合学术年会——专题5：地球内部...

作者：黄荣徐义贤朱露培中国地质大学(武汉)地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室中国地质大学(武汉)地球内部多尺度成像湖北省重点实验室中国地质大学(武汉)全球构造研究中心 dept. Earth and atmospheric Sciences St. Louis Univ.MO 63108 USA

＜正＞最新研究表明,整个东亚地区的演化构造主要受东边西太平洋板块向欧亚大陆的俯冲和西边印度板块和阿拉伯板块与欧亚板块的陆陆碰撞的影响。以大兴安岭‐太行山‐武陵山南北重力梯度带为界将中国大陆分为东西两部分,大体以110°E为...

＜正＞最新研究表明,整个东亚地区的演化构造主要受东边西太平洋板块向欧亚大陆的俯冲和西边印度板块和阿拉伯板块与欧亚板块的陆陆碰撞的影响。以大兴安岭‐太行山‐武陵山南北重力梯度带为界将中国大陆分为东西两部分,大体以110°E为界,东西两部分在岩石圈与软流圈结构存在巨大的差异。西部印度与欧亚板块在古新世碰撞汇聚,印度板块岩石圈板片以低角度斜插入较软的青藏高原内部,造成青藏高原隆升和地壳增厚,形成了一系列的高山和高原,如喜马拉雅,帕米尔和唐古拉山等。东部则由于太平洋板块的快速俯冲和俯冲带的向东迁移,引起中国大陆东部岩石圈伸展,软流圈物质上涌,从而岩

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An integrated approach to assess the ecological and chemical status of lakes with HOD/AHOD: a case study of two lakes

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2019年第1期37卷 146-159页

作者： Serdar GONCü Erdem ALBEK Anadolu University Ikieylul Campus Environmental Eng.dept.

The thermal strati?cation of the lakes impedes the transfer of atmospheric oxygen into the lower layers of the lake. In lakes which are af fected by diverse anthropogenic in?uences, the increasing organic matter amounts lead to a sharp decrease in hypolimnetic oxygen amounts, aided by thermal strati?cation,and anaerobic conditions arise. The determination of hypolimnetic oxygen demand(HOD) and areal hypolimnetic oxygen demand(AHOD) and their monitoring represent an integrated approach to investigate the oxygenation of lakes, the nutrient conditions, and the physicochemical dynamics. In this study, two lakes dif fering by size and af fected by dif ferent anthropogenic sources, are investigated in this respect. At?rst, bathymetric studies were conducted to determine the dept., surface area, and volume ***, based on monitoring studies conducted in 2013 and 2014, the thermal strati?cation dynamics and layer properties were established using the relative thermal resistance to mixing(RTRM) index based on temperature and density pro?les. Following this, the oxygen depletion rates were determined by oxygen and temperature pro?ling in the hypolimnion. For the years of 2013 and 2014, the AHOD values for the Borabey Pond which is far from anthropogenic in?uences, were found to be 0.848 and 0.569 g O 2/(m·d), *** AHOD values for the Porsuk Reservoir which was overburdened for years by industrial and domestic pollution were found to be 4.263 and 5.099 g O 2/(m·d), larger than its counterpart by almost sevenfold. The HOD and AHOD monitoring can be considered to a valuable tool for assessing the ecological and chemical status of lakes within Annex 5 of the Water Framework Directive and as an integrated approach to assess and monitor the status of lakes.

关键词： hypolimnetic oxygen demand(HOD) areal hypolimnetic oxygen demand(AHOD) thermal stratifcation relative thermal resistance to mixing(RTRM) Borabey Pond Porsuk Dam

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Potential Predictability of Seasonal Extreme Precipitation Accumulation in China

Potential Predictability of Seasonal Extreme Precipitation A...

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第34届中国气象学会年会

作者： Wenguang Wei Zhongwei Yan P.D.Jones Key Laboratory of Regional Climate–Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Climatic Research Unit School of Environmental Sciences University of East Anglia Center of Excellence for Climate Change Research Dept of Meteorology King Abdulaziz University

The potential predictability of seasonal extreme precipitation accumulation（SEPA） across China’s mainland is evaluated, based on daily precipitation observations during 1960-2013 at 675 stations. The potential predictability value（PPV） of SEPA is calculated for each station by decomposing the observed SEPA variance into a part associated with stochastic daily rainfall variability and another part associated with longer timescale climate processes. We construct a Markov Chain model for each station and apply a Monte Carlo simulation to estimate the stochastic part of the variance. The results suggest that there are more potentially predictable regions for summer than for the other seasons, especially over the Yangtze River valley, North China Plain and northwestern China. There are also regions of large PPVs in southern China for autumn and winter and northwestern China for spring. The SEPA series for the regions of large PPVs are deemed non-stochastic, either with long-term trends（e.g., increasing trends in inland northwestern China） or significant correlation with well-known large-scale climate processes（e.g., East Asian Winter Monsoon for southern China in winter, El Ni?o for the Yangtze River valley in summer）. This fact not only verifies our claim that the regions have potential predictability but also facilitates predictive studies of the regional extreme precipitation and the mechanisms associated with large-scale climate processes.

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